CN106291129B - Method of measuring far-field pattern of phased array antenna - Google Patents
Method of measuring far-field pattern of phased array antenna Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of phased array antenna far-field pattern measurement methods, and by carrying out amount of phase shift compensation to each array element of phased array antenna, the measurement to phased array antenna far-field pattern is realized in limited distance.This method comprises: choose the microwave dark room for having a turntable, on turntable and phased array antenna to be measured and test macro antenna is made to keep preset distance for phased array antenna to be measured is rack-mounted；It measures and calculates the geometrical relationship between each array element of phased array antenna to be measured and test macro antenna；According to geometrical relationship, phase-shift compensation is carried out to each array element of phased array antenna to be measured；Phased array antenna to be measured is rotated by turntable, executes the measurement of the far-field pattern of phased array antenna to be measured.Therefore, using the present invention, amount of phase shift compensation can be carried out by each array element to phased array antenna when not having the conditions such as near-field scan system, Compact Range or far field, the measurement to phased array antenna far-field pattern is realized in limited distance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to antenna measurement technical fields, particularly belong to phased array antenna technical field, phase array antenna beam
Formation technology is related to being suitable for the antenna measurement scheme of phased array antenna far-field pattern measurement, and in particular to a kind of phased array
Antenna Far Field directional diagram measuring method carries out amount of phase shift compensation by each array element to phased array antenna, real in limited distance
Now to the measurement of the far-field pattern of phased array antenna.
Background technique
Phased array antenna is a kind of array antenna, includes a large amount of front unit, and the phase and amplitude of each array element is equal
It can independent control.Under conditions of antenna physical shape and constant position, by configuring the phase value and range value of each array element, i.e.,
The variation to beam shape or beam position can be realized in a certain range.Directional diagram is the important technology ginseng of phased array antenna
Number.
Pattern measurement is the important content in antenna measurement.Antenna radiation pattern is to indicate antenna spoke with the method for diagram
Energy is penetrated in the distribution in space.Because the directionality of antenna, gain, phase, polarization characteristic can by being exported in complete directional diagram,
So parameter that directional diagram is most important as antenna, most basic measures.
In the prior art, the common method of Antenna Far Field pattern measurement has following three kinds:
(1) near-field scanning technique, in the distance apart from the several wavelength of antenna array, using the scanning probe of test macro,
The amplitude and phase distribution of antenna field is measured, and derives far-field pattern with stringent inverse model；
(2) Compact Range mensuration, Compact Range place have the function of pack, and one can be generated in the distance of shortening and is uniformly shone
The plane wave of antenna to be measured is penetrated, to obtain the direct measurement of Antenna Far Field characteristic；And
(3) far-field measurement method makes antenna to be measured be not less than the far field condition of antenna to be measured at a distance from test macro antenna,
It is directly measured under far field condition.
As it can be seen that Antenna Far Field directional diagram measuring method in the prior art is to the resources item such as planar near-field, Compact Range, far field
Part is depended on unduly, when not having the conditions such as near-field scan system, Compact Range or far field, cannot achieve in limited distance to phase
Control the measurement of array antenna far-field pattern.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve phased array antenna far-field pattern existing in the prior art measurement to planar near-field, Compact Range, remote
The problem of resources supplIes such as field are depended on unduly, the present invention provides a kind of phased array antenna far-field pattern measurement schemes.The party
Case does not require have the conditions such as near-field scan system or Compact Range, and does not need between antenna to be measured and test macro antenna
Distance meets the far field condition of antenna to be measured, and the measurement to phased array antenna far-field pattern can be realized in limited distance.
The present invention provides a kind of phased array antenna far-field pattern measurement methods, pass through each array element to phased array antenna
Amount of phase shift compensation is carried out, the measurement to the far-field pattern of phased array antenna is realized in limited distance.This method includes following
Step: step 1 chooses the microwave dark room for having a turntable, on turntable and makes phased array antenna to be measured is rack-mounted to be measured
Phased array antenna and test macro antenna keep preset distance；Step 2 measures and calculates each of phased array antenna to be measured
Geometrical relationship between array element and test macro antenna；Step 3, according to geometrical relationship, to each battle array of phased array antenna to be measured
Member carries out phase-shift compensation；And step 4, phased array antenna to be measured is rotated by turntable, executes phased array antenna to be measured
Far-field pattern measurement.
Specifically, limited distance is not have the limited distance of near-field scan system, Compact Range or far field condition, and nothing
The far field condition of phased array antenna to be measured need to be met but meet the far field condition of test macro antenna.
It is executed in step 3: according to geometrical relationship, calculating each array element in the two-dimentional front of phased array antenna to be measured
The propagation course under angle, and then phase compensation amount needed for each array element of calculating phased array antenna to be measured are directed toward in two dimension；With
And according to phase compensation amount, phase-shift compensation is carried out to each array element of phased array antenna to be measured.
In the present invention, it is executed in step 4: turntable being gone into a space and is directed toward angle；According to calculated phase to be measured
Phase compensation amount of each array element of array antenna when angle is directed toward in the space is controlled, phase shift is carried out to each array element of phased array antenna to be measured
Compensation, i.e., the phase compensation amount for each array element that superposition calculation goes out on the basis of each array element original amount of phase shift；The space is carried out to refer to
The measurement of antenna radiation pattern under to angle；And turntable is gone into next space and is directed toward angle, and carries out amount of phase shift compensation and side
It is measured to figure, until the measurement for the antenna radiation pattern that all spaces are directed toward under angle is completed, to obtain final far-field pattern.
Therefore, using measurement scheme of the invention, can not have the conditions such as near-field scan system, Compact Range or far field
When, amount of phase shift compensation is carried out by each array element to phased array antenna, realizes the measurement to phased array antenna far-field pattern.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the element position of phased array antenna involved in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is that the two dimension of phased array array antenna involved in the specific embodiment of the invention is directed toward the schematic diagram at angle；And
Fig. 3 is that measurement method through the invention carries out the directional diagram measured after phase-shift compensation.
Specific embodiment
It will be appreciated that the measurement of phased array antenna far-field pattern usually can be used near-field scan mensuration, tighten field measurement
Method or far-field measurement method.Phased array antenna far-field pattern measurement method of the invention can not have near-field scan system,
When the conditions such as Compact Range or far field, amount of phase shift compensation is carried out by each array element to phased array antenna, is realized in limited distance
Measurement to phased array antenna far-field pattern.This method key step includes: the first step, measures and to calculate phased array antenna each
Geometrical relationship between array element and test macro antenna；Second step calculates needed for each array element of phased array antenna according to geometrical relationship
Phase compensation amount, and according to this compensation rate to each array element of phased array antenna carry out phase-shift compensation；Third step is rotated using turntable
Phased array antenna carries out pattern measurement.
Specifically, the present invention is not under conditions of having near-field scan system, Compact Range or far field, in limited distance
(distance is not necessarily to meet the far field condition of antenna to be measured), carries out amount of phase shift compensation by each array element to phased array antenna, real
Now to the measurement of phased array antenna far-field pattern.
During amount of phase shift compensation, each array element calculated in the two-dimentional front of phased array antenna to be measured refers in two dimension
Propagation course under to angle, and phase compensation amount needed for calculating each array element of phased array antenna accordingly.
The present invention is described in detail for 1-3 and specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.Specifically, phased array antenna is remote
The step of field pattern measurement method, is described below.
Firstly, the microwave dark room for having turntable facility is chosen, phased array antenna to be measured is rack-mounted on turntable.
Next, test macro antenna is placed in darkroom, in the mouth face for making its aperture centre and phased array antenna to be measured
The heart contrasts, and makes to maintain a certain distance L therebetween, and distance L is not necessarily to meet the far field item of phased array antenna to be measured
Part, but the far field condition of test macro antenna need to be met, wherein λ indicates that wavelength corresponding to test frequency point, D indicate test macro
The power port diameter of antenna.
Wherein, the far field condition of test macro antenna is
Then, making the distance between the aperture centre of test macro antenna and the aperture centre of phased array antenna to be measured is L,
Obtain the actual (tube) length angle value of L, it is desirable that the measurement accuracy of L is wavelength magnitude.
Each array element calculated in the two-dimentional front of phased array antenna to be measured is directed toward the propagation course under angle in two dimension, calculates
Formula are as follows:
Wherein, xnIndicate the horizontal direction distance of the aperture centre of n-th of array element and phased array antenna, ynIndicate n-th of array element
It is vertical with the aperture centre of phased array antenna to distance (as shown in Figure 1), xn、ynIt is known for the design value of phased array antenna
Value；(θ, φ) indicates that day space of lines is directed toward angle, i.e., two dimension is directed toward angle (definition is as shown in Figure 2), Sn(θ, φ) expression refers in space
To angle be (θ, φ) when n-th of array element propagation course.
In Fig. 2, the face xoy is phased array antenna front.
Next, according to Sn(θ, φ) value calculates each array element of phased array antenna and is directed toward the phase compensation under angle in various spaces
Amount, calculation formula Pn(θ, φ)=2 π mod (Sn(θ, φ), λ), wherein Pn(θ, φ) is n-th of array element of phased array antenna
Phase compensation amount when angle is (θ, φ), mod (S are directed toward in spacen(θ, φ), λ) indicate Sn(θ, φ) takes the remainder after dividing exactly λ.
Finally, rotating phased array antenna to be measured using turntable.
Wherein, turntable often goes to a space and is directed toward angle (θ, φ), firstly, according to Pn(θ, φ) value is each to phased array antenna
Array element carries out phase-shift compensation, i.e., add up P on the basis of each array element original amount of phase shiftn(θ, φ) value amount of phase shift, secondly, being somebody's turn to do
The antenna pattern measurement under angle is directed toward in space, and again, turntable goes to next space and is directed toward angle, until completing all required empty
Between be directed toward angle under antenna pattern measurement, the directional diagram finally obtained is far-field pattern (as shown in Figure 3).
The content that description in the present invention is not described in detail belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Although disclosing highly preferred embodiment of the present invention and attached drawing for the purpose of illustration, those skilled in the art can be with
Understand: without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, various substitutions, changes and modifications are all possible
's.Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to most preferred embodiment and attached drawing disclosure of that.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of phased array antenna far-field pattern measurement method carries out amount of phase shift benefit by each array element to phased array antenna
It repays, the measurement to the far-field pattern of the phased array antenna is realized in limited distance, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1 chooses the microwave dark room for having turntable, by the phased array antenna to be measured in the limited distance
It is rack-mounted on the turntable and the phased array antenna to be measured and test macro antenna to be made to keep preset distance；
Step 2 measures and calculates the geometry between each array element of the phased array antenna to be measured and the test macro antenna
Relationship；
Step 3 carries out amount of phase shift compensation to each array element of the phased array antenna to be measured according to the geometrical relationship；And
Step 4 rotates the phased array antenna to be measured by the turntable, executes the phased array antenna to be measured
The measurement of far-field pattern,
The limited distance is the limited distance not having in the small-sized darkroom of near-field scan system, Compact Range or far field condition,
And without meeting the far field condition of the phased array antenna to be measured but meeting the far field condition of the test macro antenna.
2. phased array antenna far-field pattern measurement method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 3
Middle execution:
According to the geometrical relationship, phase compensation amount needed for calculating each array element of the phased array antenna to be measured；And
According to the phase compensation amount, amount of phase shift compensation is carried out to each array element of the phased array antenna to be measured.
3. phased array antenna far-field pattern measurement method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step 3
In, the process of phase compensation amount needed for each array element for calculating the phased array antenna to be measured includes:
According to the geometrical relationship, calculates each array element in the two-dimentional front of the phased array antenna to be measured and be directed toward in two dimension
Propagation course under angle, thus phase compensation amount needed for calculating each array element of the phased array antenna to be measured.
4. phased array antenna far-field pattern measurement method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in the step 4
Middle execution:
The turntable is gone into a space and is directed toward angle；
Phase compensation amount of each array element when angle is directed toward in one space according to the calculated phased array antenna to be measured,
Amount of phase shift compensation is carried out to each array element of the phased array antenna to be measured, thus the base of original amount of phase shift in each array element
Superposition calculation goes out the phase compensation amount on plinth；
Carry out the measurement for the antenna radiation pattern that one space is directed toward under angle；And
The turntable is gone into next space direction angle and executes amount of phase shift compensation and pattern measurement, until completing to have time
Between be directed toward angle under antenna radiation pattern measurement, to obtain final far-field pattern.
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| CN107942147B (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2019-09-20 | 北京邮电大学 | A method and device for measuring the far-field pattern of an antenna |
| CN108663577B (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2020-06-09 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | A multi-probe spherical near-field cross-polarization correction method |
| CN110459877B (en) | 2018-05-08 | 2021-11-19 | 西安光启尖端技术研究院 | Phase compensation method and device for measuring array antenna |
| CN110456167B (en) | 2018-05-08 | 2022-02-01 | 西安光启尖端技术研究院 | Beam forming method and device for measuring array antenna |
| CN110542798B (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2024-04-09 | 是德科技股份有限公司 | Method and system for testing antenna arrays using mid-field antenna patterns |
| CN108963459B (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2021-05-18 | 华为技术有限公司 | Measuring method and device |
| CN109270504B (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2020-07-07 | 华清瑞达（天津）科技有限公司 | Microwave darkroom array simulation control method and system |
| CN109309533B (en) | 2018-09-04 | 2021-05-18 | 华为技术有限公司 | Calibration method and device |
| CN109374988A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-02-22 | 硕讯科技（苏州）有限公司 | Quick 5G millimeter wave antenna remote field testing method based on flight Compact Range |
| CN110505024B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2020-10-30 | 成都华兴大地科技有限公司 | Pointing accuracy correction method for millimeter wave phased array antenna |
| CN113030597B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2024-05-17 | 川升股份有限公司 | Antenna measurement system integrating far field and reduced range field |
| CN112505435B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2023-02-24 | 上海航天电子通讯设备研究所 | Equivalent far field testing device and method for large cylindrical phased array antenna |
| CN113252999B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2023-04-28 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Antenna plane near field test method |
| CN113804985B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2022-07-26 | 西安交通大学 | An anti-jamming antenna pattern measurement method based on hybrid shielding room |
| CN114552237B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-04-07 | 杭州洛微科技有限公司 | Two-dimensional phased array antenna design method and device and two-dimensional phased array antenna |
| CN114966239B (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-10-28 | 陕西拾贝通讯技术有限公司 | Quasi-far field measuring method based on separable excitation coefficient variables |
| CN115060986A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-09-16 | 深圳市锦鸿无线科技有限公司 | Digital phased array antenna test method, system, equipment and storage medium |
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| US6456235B1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-09-24 | Raytheon Company | Method of predicting the far field pattern of a slotted planar array at extreme angles using planar near field data |
| JP5390073B2 (en) * | 2007-03-14 | 2014-01-15 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Antenna measuring device |
| CN202421348U (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2012-09-05 | 石家庄世联达科技有限公司 | Antenna far-field pattern spectrometer multi-point frequency-sweeping measuring system |
| CN103475077B (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2016-01-20 | 国家电网公司 | With the mobile phone wireless recharging base of data sending function and the described pedestal method to the transmission data of wireless charging mobile phone |
| CN104655942A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-27 | 西安华雍机电科技有限公司 | Automatic antenna pattern testing system |
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