CN106288467A - The auxiliary water cooling refrigeration system of condensing heat exchanger is directly contacted with vertical counterflow - Google Patents
The auxiliary water cooling refrigeration system of condensing heat exchanger is directly contacted with vertical counterflow Download PDFInfo
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- CN106288467A CN106288467A CN201610832920.9A CN201610832920A CN106288467A CN 106288467 A CN106288467 A CN 106288467A CN 201610832920 A CN201610832920 A CN 201610832920A CN 106288467 A CN106288467 A CN 106288467A
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013526 supercooled liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/005—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle of the single unit type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
- F28C1/02—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers with counter-current only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
- F28C2001/006—Systems comprising cooling towers, e.g. for recooling a cooling medium
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种带立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器的辅助水冷制冷系统.本发明包括制冷压缩机、油分离器、辅助水冷换热器、第一电磁阀、第二电磁阀、第三电磁阀、立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器、第四电磁阀、节流阀、液体泵、蒸发器、壳体、挡液板和喷头；所述立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器由壳体、挡液板和喷头组成，喷头入口与供液管连接并均匀分布于壳体上部，喷嘴出口朝下，挡液板等距离的焊接于壳体内部；制冷压缩机的出口通过油分离器分成两路，一路通过第一电磁阀与辅助水冷换热器的壳侧入口连接，另一路通过第三电磁阀与立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器的气体入口接管连接。本发明可以有效地以降低制冷压缩机的排气温度，减少压力比，增大制冷系统制冷量，提高制冷系统的性能，结构简单，操作方便、保护环境、节约能源。
The invention discloses an auxiliary water-cooled refrigeration system with a vertical countercurrent direct contact condensation heat exchanger. The invention includes a refrigeration compressor, an oil separator, an auxiliary water-cooled heat exchanger, a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a second Three solenoid valves, a vertical counter-flow directly contacting the condensation heat exchanger, a fourth solenoid valve, a throttle valve, a liquid pump, an evaporator, a shell, a liquid baffle and a nozzle; the vertical counter-flow directly contacting the condensation heat exchanger consists of The casing, the liquid baffle and the nozzle are composed. The inlet of the nozzle is connected with the liquid supply pipe and evenly distributed on the upper part of the casing. The outlet of the nozzle is facing downward, and the liquid baffle is welded to the inside of the casing at equal distances; the outlet of the refrigeration compressor is separated by oil. The device is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the shell-side inlet of the auxiliary water-cooled heat exchanger through the first solenoid valve, and the other path is connected to the gas inlet pipe of the vertical countercurrent direct contact condensation heat exchanger through the third solenoid valve. The invention can effectively reduce the exhaust temperature of the refrigeration compressor, reduce the pressure ratio, increase the cooling capacity of the refrigeration system, improve the performance of the refrigeration system, has simple structure, convenient operation, protects the environment and saves energy.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种制冷技术领域，特别是涉及一种带立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器的辅助水冷制冷系统。The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration, in particular to an auxiliary water-cooled refrigeration system with a vertical countercurrent direct contact condensation heat exchanger.
背景技术Background technique
在食品冷冻冷藏与建筑环境空调应用领域，目前，常规的水冷冷凝式制冷系统中制冷压缩机排出的高温高压气体通过水冷却介质带走热量降温凝结成高温高压的液体，制冷剂与冷却介质间热量传递需经过两侧流体的对流换热和换热器传热壁面的导热，特别是换热器传热壁面本身以及壁面集聚的润滑油与污垢形成传热热阻，造成冷凝换热器的热阻增大，传热系数下降，制冷剂与冷却介质间需较大的传热温差散发热量，导致制冷压缩机的排气温度升高，压力比增大，容积效率降低，制冷压缩机的耗功增多，制冷系统的性能系数下降，因此，开发直接接触凝结的冷凝换热器，以降低制冷压缩机的排气温度，减少压力比，提高容积效率，降低制冷压缩机的耗功，改善制冷系统的性能，实现节能环保。但目前未见有实施例。In the field of food refrigeration and building environment air conditioning applications, at present, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas discharged from the refrigeration compressor in the conventional water-cooled condensing refrigeration system is taken away by the water cooling medium to cool down and condense into a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid. The heat transfer needs to go through the convective heat exchange of the fluid on both sides and the heat conduction of the heat transfer wall of the heat exchanger, especially the heat transfer wall itself of the heat exchanger and the lubricating oil and dirt accumulated on the wall form a heat transfer resistance, resulting in the condensation of the heat exchanger. The thermal resistance increases, the heat transfer coefficient decreases, and a large heat transfer temperature difference between the refrigerant and the cooling medium is required to dissipate heat, resulting in an increase in the exhaust temperature of the refrigeration compressor, an increase in the pressure ratio, and a decrease in volumetric efficiency. The power consumption increases, and the coefficient of performance of the refrigeration system decreases. Therefore, a condensation heat exchanger directly in contact with condensation is developed to reduce the exhaust temperature of the refrigeration compressor, reduce the pressure ratio, increase the volumetric efficiency, reduce the power consumption of the refrigeration compressor, and improve Improve the performance of the refrigeration system to achieve energy saving and environmental protection. But there is no embodiment at present.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是针对现有制冷系统存在的技术缺陷，提供一种立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器的辅助水冷制冷系统，以提高制冷系统的运行性能。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary water-cooled refrigeration system with a vertical counter-current directly contacting a condensation heat exchanger to improve the operating performance of the refrigeration system, aiming at the technical defects of the existing refrigeration system.
为实现本发明的目的所采用的技术方案是：The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the present invention is:
一种带立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器的辅助水冷制冷系统，包括制冷压缩机、油分离器、辅助水冷换热器、第一电磁阀、第二电磁阀、第三电磁阀、立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器、第四电磁阀、节流阀、液体泵、蒸发器；所述立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器由壳体、挡液板和喷头组成，喷头入口与供液管连接并均匀分布于壳体上部，喷嘴出口朝下，挡液板等距离的焊接于壳体内部；制冷压缩机的出口通过油分离器分成两路，一路通过第一电磁阀与辅助水冷换热器的壳侧入口连接，另一路通过第三电磁阀与立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器的气体入口接管连接，所述立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器的排液管通过第二电磁阀与第一电磁阀的出口并联后与辅助水冷换热器的壳侧入口连接，辅助水冷换热器的壳侧出口分成两路，一路经过液体泵和第四电磁阀与供液管连接，另一路经过节流阀与蒸发器的入口连接，蒸发器的出口与制冷压缩机的入口连接。An auxiliary water-cooled refrigeration system with a vertical countercurrent direct contact condensation heat exchanger, including a refrigeration compressor, an oil separator, an auxiliary water-cooled heat exchanger, a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a third solenoid valve, a vertical The countercurrent directly contacts the condensing heat exchanger, the fourth solenoid valve, the throttle valve, the liquid pump, and the evaporator; The pipes are connected and evenly distributed on the upper part of the shell, the outlet of the nozzle is facing downward, and the liquid baffle is welded to the inside of the shell at equal distances; the outlet of the refrigeration compressor is divided into two paths through the oil separator, and one path passes through the first solenoid valve and the auxiliary water cooling exchange. The shell side inlet of the heater is connected, and the other is connected to the gas inlet pipe of the vertical countercurrent direct contact condensing heat exchanger through the third electromagnetic valve, and the drain pipe of the vertical countercurrent direct contact condensing heat exchanger passes through the second electromagnetic valve. The valve is connected in parallel with the outlet of the first solenoid valve and then connected to the shell-side inlet of the auxiliary water-cooled heat exchanger. The shell-side outlet of the auxiliary water-cooled heat exchanger is divided into two paths, and one path is connected to the liquid supply pipe through the liquid pump and the fourth solenoid valve. The other path is connected to the inlet of the evaporator through the throttle valve, and the outlet of the evaporator is connected to the inlet of the refrigeration compressor.
所述辅助水冷换热器为卧式壳管式，壳侧底部有积存液体的空间，壳体设有液位计，并通过液位浮球阀自动控制液体泵、第一电磁阀、第二电磁阀、第三电磁阀和第四电磁阀的启闭。The auxiliary water-cooled heat exchanger is a horizontal shell-and-tube type, and there is a space for storing liquid at the bottom of the shell side. valve, the opening and closing of the third solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve.
所述喷头有多个，其数量根据制冷系统的制冷量和立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器的空间大小以及所需喷液量设计。There are multiple spray heads, the number of which is designed according to the cooling capacity of the refrigeration system, the space of the vertical counter-flow directly contacting the condensing heat exchanger, and the required spray volume.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1、本发明的带立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器的辅助水冷制冷系统，利用高温高压的制冷剂气体与液体直接逆流接触放出热量凝结，可以有效地降低制冷压缩机的排气温度，减少压力比，提高容积效率，降低制冷压缩机的耗功，改善制冷系统的性能。1. The auxiliary water-cooled refrigeration system with a vertical countercurrent direct contact condensation heat exchanger of the present invention uses high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas to directly contact with liquid to release heat and condense, which can effectively reduce the exhaust temperature of the refrigeration compressor and reduce Increase the pressure ratio, increase the volumetric efficiency, reduce the power consumption of the refrigeration compressor, and improve the performance of the refrigeration system.
2、本发明的带立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器的辅助水冷制冷系统，利用辅助水冷换热器实现高温高压液体节流降压前的过冷，使得进入蒸发器的焓值降低，提大制冷系统制冷量，进一步提高制冷系统的性能，结构简单，操作方便、保护环境、节约能源。2. The auxiliary water-cooled refrigeration system with a vertical counter-flow direct contact condensing heat exchanger of the present invention uses the auxiliary water-cooled heat exchanger to realize the supercooling of the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid before throttling and reducing pressure, so that the enthalpy value entering the evaporator is reduced, and the The cooling capacity of the refrigeration system is large, and the performance of the refrigeration system is further improved. The structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the environment is protected, and the energy is saved.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1所示为本发明的带立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器的辅助水冷制冷系统的示意图；Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the auxiliary water-cooled refrigeration system with vertical countercurrent direct contact condensation heat exchanger of the present invention;
图2所示为立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器的连接管示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connecting pipes of the vertical countercurrent direct contact condensation heat exchanger.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
本发明的带立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器的辅助水冷制冷系统示意图如图1-图2所示，包括制冷压缩机1、油分离器2、辅助水冷换热器3、第一电磁阀4、第二电磁阀5、第三电磁阀6、立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器7、第四电磁阀8、节流阀9、液体泵10、蒸发器11、壳体12、挡液板13和喷头14。The schematic diagram of the auxiliary water-cooled refrigeration system with a vertical counter-flow direct contact condensation heat exchanger of the present invention is shown in Figure 1-Figure 2, including a refrigeration compressor 1, an oil separator 2, an auxiliary water-cooled heat exchanger 3, and a first solenoid valve 4. Second solenoid valve 5, third solenoid valve 6, vertical countercurrent direct contact condensation heat exchanger 7, fourth solenoid valve 8, throttle valve 9, liquid pump 10, evaporator 11, housing 12, liquid barrier Plate 13 and spray head 14.
所述立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器7由壳体12、挡液板13和喷头14组成，喷头14的入口与供液管15连接并均匀分布于壳体12上部，喷嘴出口朝下，挡液板13等距离的焊接于壳体内部；制冷压缩机1的出口通过油分离器2分成两路，一路通过第一电磁阀4与辅助水冷换热器3的壳侧入口连接，另一路通过第三电磁阀6与立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器7的气体入口接管17连接，所述立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器7的排液管16通过第二电磁阀5与第一电磁阀4的出口并联后与辅助水冷换热器3的壳侧入口连接，辅助水冷换热器3的壳侧出口分成两路，一路经过液体泵10和第四电磁阀8与供液管15连接，另一路经过节流阀9与蒸发器11的入口连接，蒸发器11的出口与制冷压缩机1的入口连接。The vertical countercurrent direct contact condensation heat exchanger 7 is composed of a housing 12, a liquid baffle 13 and a nozzle 14. The inlet of the nozzle 14 is connected to the liquid supply pipe 15 and evenly distributed on the upper part of the housing 12, and the outlet of the nozzle is facing downward. The liquid baffle plate 13 is welded equidistantly inside the housing; the outlet of the refrigeration compressor 1 is divided into two paths through the oil separator 2, one path is connected to the shell-side inlet of the auxiliary water-cooled heat exchanger 3 through the first electromagnetic valve 4, and the other path The third solenoid valve 6 is connected to the gas inlet connection pipe 17 of the vertical countercurrent direct contact condensation heat exchanger 7, and the vertical countercurrent direct contact liquid discharge pipe 16 of the condensation heat exchanger 7 is connected to the first via the second solenoid valve 5. The outlet of the solenoid valve 4 is connected in parallel with the shell-side inlet of the auxiliary water-cooled heat exchanger 3, and the shell-side outlet of the auxiliary water-cooled heat exchanger 3 is divided into two paths, one path passing through the liquid pump 10, the fourth solenoid valve 8 and the liquid supply pipe 15 The other path is connected to the inlet of the evaporator 11 through the throttle valve 9, and the outlet of the evaporator 11 is connected to the inlet of the refrigeration compressor 1.
所述辅助水冷换热器3为卧式壳管式，壳侧底部有积存液体的空间，壳体设有液位计，并通过液位浮球阀自动控制液体泵10、第一电磁阀4、第二电磁阀5、第三电磁阀6和第四电磁阀8的启闭。The auxiliary water-cooled heat exchanger 3 is a horizontal shell-and-tube type, and there is a space for storing liquid at the bottom of the shell side. The shell is provided with a liquid level gauge, and the liquid pump 10, the first electromagnetic valve 4, The opening and closing of the second solenoid valve 5 , the third solenoid valve 6 and the fourth solenoid valve 8 .
所述喷头14有多个，其数量根据制冷系统的制冷量和立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器7的空间大小以及所需喷液量设计。There are multiple spray heads 14, the number of which is designed according to the cooling capacity of the refrigeration system and the space size of the vertical counter-flow directly contacting the condensing heat exchanger 7 and the required spraying volume.
系统启动运行时，第一电磁阀4开启，第二电磁阀5、第三电磁阀6和第四电磁阀8关闭，制冷压缩机1排出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过油分离器2进入水冷换热器3放出热量凝结成高温高压液体，高温高压液体经过节流阀9节流降压为低温低压的液体进入蒸发器11，低温低压的制冷剂液体在蒸发器11里吸收外界热量为用冷空间提供冷源，蒸发的低温低压气体进入制冷压缩机1；当水冷换热器3的壳侧底部积存一定的液体，液位到达设定高度，液位浮球阀动作使液体泵10启动，第四电磁阀8打开，同时动作使第一电磁阀4关闭、第二电磁阀5和第三电磁阀6打开，水冷换热器3出来的液体部分经过液体泵10，第四电磁阀8、通过喷头14喷入立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器7内部空间，同时，制冷压缩机1排除的高温高压气体经过第二电磁阀5进入立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器7内部与喷头喷出的液体逆向流动直接接触热交换，凝结的液体进过第三电磁阀6进入水冷换热器3的壳侧空间与换热管内的冷却水热交换放出热量过冷，水冷换热器3出口的过冷液体分成两路，一路经过液体泵10、第四电磁阀8、通过喷头14喷入立式逆流直接接触凝结换热器7，另一路经过经过节流阀9节流降压为低温低压的液体进入蒸发器11，低温低压的制冷剂液体在蒸发器11里吸收外界热量为用冷空间提供冷源，蒸发的低温低压气体进入制冷压缩机1。When the system starts to operate, the first solenoid valve 4 is opened, the second solenoid valve 5, the third solenoid valve 6 and the fourth solenoid valve 8 are closed, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the refrigeration compressor 1 passes through the oil separator 2 and enters the water-cooled Heat exchanger 3 releases heat and condenses into high-temperature and high-pressure liquid. The high-temperature and high-pressure liquid is throttled and reduced by throttle valve 9 to become low-temperature and low-pressure liquid and enters evaporator 11. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid absorbs external heat in evaporator 11 for use. The cold space provides a cold source, and the evaporated low-temperature and low-pressure gas enters the refrigeration compressor 1; when a certain amount of liquid accumulates at the bottom of the shell side of the water-cooled heat exchanger 3, and the liquid level reaches the set height, the liquid level float valve operates to start the liquid pump 10, The fourth electromagnetic valve 8 is opened, and at the same time, the first electromagnetic valve 4 is closed, the second electromagnetic valve 5 and the third electromagnetic valve 6 are opened, and the liquid part from the water-cooled heat exchanger 3 passes through the liquid pump 10, and the fourth electromagnetic valve 8, Spray into the vertical counter-flow through the nozzle 14 and directly contact the inner space of the condensation heat exchanger 7. At the same time, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas discharged by the refrigeration compressor 1 enters the vertical counter-flow through the second solenoid valve 5 and directly contacts the inside of the condensation heat exchanger 7 and sprays with the nozzle. The output liquid flows in the reverse direction and directly contacts the heat exchange, and the condensed liquid enters the shell side space of the water-cooled heat exchanger 3 through the third solenoid valve 6 and exchanges heat with the cooling water in the heat exchange tube to release heat for supercooling, and the outlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger 3 The supercooled liquid is divided into two paths, one path passes through the liquid pump 10, the fourth electromagnetic valve 8, and is sprayed into the vertical countercurrent through the nozzle 14 to directly contact the condensation heat exchanger 7, and the other path passes through the throttle valve 9 to reduce the pressure to a low temperature The low-pressure liquid enters the evaporator 11, and the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid absorbs external heat in the evaporator 11 to provide a cold source for the cold space, and the evaporated low-temperature and low-pressure gas enters the refrigeration compressor 1.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出的是，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and Retouching should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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