CN106286912A - A kind of pressure-control valve - Google Patents
A kind of pressure-control valve Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106286912A CN106286912A CN201510241223.1A CN201510241223A CN106286912A CN 106286912 A CN106286912 A CN 106286912A CN 201510241223 A CN201510241223 A CN 201510241223A CN 106286912 A CN106286912 A CN 106286912A
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- valve
- pressure
- port
- fluid
- control valve
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
- F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
- F16K17/0413—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded in the form of closure plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
- F16K17/164—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side and remaining closed after return of the normal pressure
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
- Safety Valves (AREA)
Abstract
nullThe present invention relates to valve technology field，Disclose a kind of pressure-control valve，It includes the valve body (1) with tubular valve pocket (2)，The bottom of described valve pocket (2) is axially arranged valve port (6)，Also include the bottom being arranged on described valve body (1) the fluid inlet end (3) connected with described valve port (6)、The fluid outlet (4) connected with the medial part of described valve pocket (2)、The cylindrical spool (5) that can slide axially in being arranged on described valve pocket (2)、It is arranged on described spool (5) in described valve pocket (2) against the spring (7) of described valve port (6)，It is characterized in that，It is formed between the peripheral part and the inner wall part of described valve pocket (2) of described spool (5) and makes stream circulation area axially to the transitional fluid passage (22) that outlet flow direction is descending，This pressure-control valve realizes current stabilization by transition passage and keeps certain pressure，Avoid result in the fluid in valve pocket 2 and the problem such as turbulent flow or valve opening difficulty occurs，Improve the reliability of valve.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to control valve technical field, particularly relate to a kind of pressure-control valve.
Background technology
Pressure-control valve uses ratio wide, is generally used for the pressure differential controlling entrance point with port of export fluid media (medium).When the pressure differential of medium is less than the pressure set, valve port is closed；When the pressure differential of medium is more than the pressure set, valve port is in the conduction state.
Fig. 1 is a kind of conventional pressure-control valve structure diagram of prior art.As shown in Figure 1.Pressure-control valve includes overall forging and stamping or the valve body 1 ' of casting, the valve pocket 2 ' being internally provided with cylindrical shape of valve body 1 ', and entrance point 3 ' communicates with the axially bottom of valve pocket 2 ', and the port of export 4 laterally communicates with valve pocket 2 '.Spool 5 is slidably disposed in valve pocket 2 ', and capping 8 ' is arranged on the top of valve body 1 ' and seals valve pocket 2 '.It is provided with spring 7 ' between capping 8 and spool 5 '.Between the sidepiece of valve pocket 2 ', outer rim and the inwall of valve pocket 2 ' of spool 5, there is passage gaps 9.
The pressure-control valve of the prior art, passage gaps 9 generally size constancy, but the parameter determination of this passage gaps 9 is relatively difficult.If the size of passage gaps 9 is less, then the fluid flow area of this stream section is less, when valve port is opened, when fluid media (medium) is by this stream section, can produce throttle effect, causes the fluid in valve pocket 2 ' turbulent flow occur, thus produces flow noise；If the size of passage gaps 9 is bigger, then the fluid flow area of this stream section is bigger, in the moment that valve port is opened, entrance point is applied to spool ' active force can reduce sharply, spool ' pressure reduction of both sides do not builds up, can not be by default parameter valve opening, spool simultaneously ' also there will be jiggly valve opening impact noise problem.The reliability decrease of product.
Especially for prior art construction as shown in Figure 1, its entrance point is opened in the axial of valve pocket, and the port of export is opened in the lateral of valve pocket, and the port of export 4 and passage gaps 9 have the pressure-control valve of part of pass-though.Because when valve port is opened, passage gaps 9 segment section that the fluid in the port of export 4 part straight-through with passage gaps 9 can pass through just flows directly into the port of export 4, and the fluid at the port of export 4 with the non-straight-through part of passage gaps 9 can lead to gap 9 and flow to valve pocket and flow to the port of export 4 again.Pressure oscillation suffered by spool 5 radial direction is handed over big, and unstable, so defect is the most prominent.For the pressure-control valve of the environment bigger for operating pressure difference, this problem is the most prominent.So how improvement designs, it is provided that the functional reliability of pressure-control valve and valve opening stability, be designer's problem to be solved of the art.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of pressure-control valve, including the valve body with tubular valve pocket, the bottom of described valve pocket is axially arranged valve port, also include the bottom being arranged on described valve body the fluid inlet end connected with described valve port, the fluid outlet connected with the medial part of described valve pocket, the cylindrical spool that can slide axially in being arranged on described valve pocket, it is arranged on described spool in described valve pocket against the spring of described valve port, it is formed between the peripheral part and the inner wall part of described valve pocket of described spool and makes stream circulation area at the transitional fluid passage the most descending to fluid issuing direction, when described valve port is opened, fluid enters described valve pocket by described transition passage.
On the basis of above-mentioned pressure-control valve, it is preferable that the stream circulation area of described transition passage entrance point is defined as S1, the flow path area of the described transition passage port of export is defined as S2, the most then meet relation 35%S1 ＞ S2 ＞ 5%S1；
Preferably, described transition passage is additionally included in axially the least to fluid issuing direction circulation area changeover portion, and described changeover portion length (L) vertically is more than described transition passage at minimum widith radially；
Preferably, described transition passage is additionally included in axially the least to fluid issuing direction circulation area changeover portion, and described changeover portion length (L) vertically is more than described transition passage difference between Breadth Maximum and minimum widith radially；
Further, described transition passage also includes towards the constant restriction portion that the fluid flow area of the port of export is constant；
Specifically, described valve port position, described transition passage and described fluid outlet part of pass-though are closed at described spool；
Preferably, the peripheral part of described spool has the first paragraph face of frustum, and described first paragraph face constitutes described changeover portion；
Preferably, the inner wall part of described valve pocket has the second segment face of frustum, and described second segment face constitutes described changeover portion.
The pressure-control valve that the present invention is given, the transition passage descending by arranging opening between valve port and the port of export, the fluid having certain high pressure after making valve opening passes through transition passage, realize current stabilization and keep certain pressure, avoid result in the fluid in valve pocket and the problem such as turbulent flow or valve opening difficulty occurs, improve the reliability of valve.In the design optimized further, by arranging restriction and the area section of diminishing continuously of one section of constant area at transition passage, it is possible to the fluid making inflow valve pocket is stable to meet the valve opening requirement preset further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: a kind of typical pressure-control valve structural representation in prior art；
The front view of a kind of Stress control valve arrangement being embodied as that Fig. 2: the present invention is given；
The side view of Stress control valve arrangement in Fig. 3: Fig. 2；
The spool of pressure-control valve and the close-up schematic view of valve body relative engagement in Fig. 4: Fig. 2；
Pressure-control valve fluid communication schematic diagram after spool is opened in Fig. 5: Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 a/ Fig. 5 b: the import of changeover portion excessive with the ratio of discharge area and too small in the case of fluid schematic；
The pressure-control valve structural representation that the another kind that Fig. 6: the present invention is given is embodied as；
The spool of pressure-control valve and the close-up schematic view of valve body relative engagement in Fig. 7: Fig. 6.Symbol description in Fig. 2-7:
1-valve body；
2-valve pocket；
21/21A-inner wall part, 22-transition passage；
The constant restriction portion of 221/221A-changeover portion, 222/222A-, initial segment 223；
23-stepped hole, 24-sidewise hole；
3-fluid inlet end, 4-fluid inlet end；
5-spool；
51/51A-first paragraph face, 52/52A-second segment face, the 3rd section of face of 53/53A-；
6-valve port
7-spring；
8-covers；
9-passage gaps.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make those skilled in the art be more fully understood that the present invention program, the present invention is described in further detail with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 2 is the front view of a kind of Stress control valve arrangement being embodied as that the present invention is given, and Fig. 3 is the side view of Stress control valve arrangement in Fig. 2.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3.Pressure-control valve includes overall forging and stamping or the valve body 1 of casting, and valve body 1 is provided with axially arranged cylindric valve pocket 2.Being processed into the stepped hole 23 that diameter diminishes in the bottom of valve pocket 2 and form entrance point 3, valve pocket 2 and stepped hole 23 transition part form axial sealable valve port 6.Radial direction sidepiece at valve pocket 2 is also machined with sidewise hole 24 and forms the port of export 4.In this embodiment, entrance point 3 and the port of export 4 and valve body 1 global formation.Can certainly be arranged by welding override formats.
Capping 8 installation is by being threadably mounted at the upper end of valve body 1 and sealing valve pocket 2.Being additionally provided with the spool 5 that can slide axially in valve pocket 2, spring 7 is arranged between capping 8 and spool 5 and abuts spool 5 to tend to sealing valve port 6.
General, the entrance point 3 of pressure-control valve connects with the high-pressure side of system, and the port of export 4 connects with the low-pressure side of system, so being formed with certain pressure differential Δ F between entrance point 3 and the port of export 4.Abutting power F of spring 7 is selected by the parameter preset.So Δ F changes with the change of system high pressure, as F ＞ Δ F, under the abutting power F effect of spring 7, spool 5 abuts valve port, and pressure-control valve is closed；As F ＜ Δ F, pressure differential Δ F tends to spool 5 and leaves valve port 6, and pressure-control valve is in opening.Along with, after the dynamic balance (F=Δ F) that the mobile formation of spool is new, spool stops mobile.
Fig. 4 is the close-up schematic view that in Fig. 2, the spool of pressure-control valve coordinates with valve body.
As shown in Figure 4.In this embodiment, at the spool 5 of pressure-control valve with valve body 1 in the circumferentially opposed region coordinated, the inner wall part 21 of valve pocket 2 is the direct tube section that diameter is constant.The most cylindrical structure of spool 5, outside circumference is provided with the first paragraph face 51 of frustum, in first paragraph face 51 to fluid issuing direction, be provided with the second segment face 52 of the constant major diameter of external diameter, in first paragraph face 51 to fluid inlet direction, be provided with the 3rd section of face 53 of the constant minor diameter of external diameter.
The first paragraph face 51 of spool 5 coordinates with the inwall of valve body 1 and constitutes axially to the changeover portion 221 that fluid issuing direction fluid flow area is the least；The first paragraph face 52 of spool 5 coordinates the constant restriction portion 222 that composition fluid flow area is constant with the inwall of valve body 1, and the 3rd section of face 53 of spool 5 coordinates the initial segment 223 that composition circulation area is constant with the inwall of valve body 1.Restriction portion 222, changeover portion 221 and initial segment 223 constitute transition passage 22.
The stream circulation area of the entrance point of transition passage 22 is defined as S1, and the stream circulation area of the port of export of transition passage 22 is defined as S2.Wherein changeover portion 221 length in axial direction is defined as L, and transition passage 22 is defined as H (in the present embodiment, H is specially the distance between the inwall of valve body 1 and the second segment face 52 of spool 5) at minimum widith radially.Transition passage 22 is defined as H1 at Breadth Maximum radially.
In the present embodiment, spool 5 close port 6 position (see Fig. 2 and with reference to Fig. 3), the port of export 4 of side stretches to valve pocket 2 and is connected with the inner wall part 21 of valve pocket 2, is defined as join domain X, at least includes the subregion of the changeover portion 221 of transition passage 22 in its join domain X.
Fig. 5 is the fluid communication schematic diagram after valve port is opened of the pressure-control valve in Fig. 2.
As shown in Figure 5 and see Fig. 2.When pressure-control valve initially cuts out, when the pressure differential Δ F pressure between entrance point 3 and the port of export 4 is more than abutting power F with spring 7, valve port 6 is opened.Fluid circulation circuit at join domain X is: [entrance point 3--valve port 6--initial segment 223--changeover portion 221 (part)--the port of export 4]；Fluid circulation circuit in other regions is: [entrance point 3--valve port 6--223 initial segment--the changeover portion 221--constant restriction portion 222 valve pocket 2--port of export 4].
Technology disclosed in this invention, by the structural design optimization of changeover portion 221, can guarantee that the unlatching ability of valve in the case of little downforce difference, without there is flow disturbance image.Further, after fluid enters changeover portion 221, the stationarity that spool slides can be ensure that again by constant restriction portion 222, this technical scheme is especially suitable for the port of export 4 and stretches to the structure of valve pocket, because under this structure, spool is while by axial flow of fluid pressure, also by fluid pressure radially, easily cause and interfere, so passing through the flow path area design at the transition passage the most descending to fluid issuing direction, improve the axial control action of spool, improve the harmful effect of fluid flow pressure.
Fig. 5 a/ Fig. 5 b: for the pressure-control valve in Fig. 2 the import of changeover portion and the ratio of discharge area excessive and too small in the case of fluid state schematic diagram；Wherein Fig. 5 a be the flowpath face S1 of entrance point excessive with the ratio of the flow path area S2 of the port of export in the case of fluid communication；Fig. 5 b be the flowpath face S1 of entrance point too small with the ratio of the flow path area S2 of the port of export in the case of fluid communication.Such as Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b.Being tested by fluid analysis and practical study, as preferred scheme, in the design of transition passage 22, the relation of the flowpath face S1 of entrance point and the flow path area S2 of the port of export is set as 35%S1 ＞ S2 ＞ 5%S1, and effect is the most obvious.
Testing again by fluid analysis and practical study, as preferred scheme, length L in axial direction of the changeover portion 221 in transition passage 22 is more than transition passage 22 when minimum widith H radially, and technical scheme effect is the most obvious.
Test again by fluid analysis and practical study, as preferred scheme, changeover portion 221 in transition passage 22 length L in axial direction is more than transition passage 22 when difference (the L ＞ H1-H) of Breadth Maximum H1 radially and minimum widith H, and technical scheme effect is the most obvious.
Fig. 6 is the pressure-control valve structural representation that the another kind that the present invention is given is embodied as, and Fig. 7 is the spool of pressure-control valve and the close-up schematic view of valve body relative engagement in Fig. 6.
As shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 6.Different from aforementioned schemes be: in this embodiment, the spool 5 of pressure-control valve with valve body 1 in the circumferentially opposed region coordinated, the spool 5 substantially constant cylindrical-shaped structure in external profile diameter, and the inner wall part 21A of valve pocket 2A changes at this regional diameter.Specifically, for being from up to down provided with the constant coarse pored first paragraph face 51A of internal diameter, the biggest taper second segment face 52A of outer radial center diffusion, the 3rd section of face 53A of coarse pored that external diameter is constant.Opening at valve port makes spool in valve opening position sliding process, the first paragraph face 51A of valve pocket 2A coordinate with the outer rim of spool 5 constitute the constant constant restriction portion 222A, valve pocket 2A of circulation area second segment face 52A coordinates composition circulation area the least continuous changeover portion 221A with the outer rim of spool 5.Constant restriction portion 222A and changeover portion 221A and changeover portion 221A constitutes transition passage 22.
One of ordinary skill in the art is it should be understood that this expansion scheme role is identical with aforementioned schemes, so ratio repeats again at this.
Above guide electromagnetic valve provided by the present invention is described in detail.Principle and the embodiment of the present invention are set forth by specific case used herein, and the explanation of above example is only intended to help to understand method and the core concept thereof of the present invention.It should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to the present invention is carried out some improvement and modification, these improve and modify in the protection domain also falling into the claims in the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a pressure-control valve, including the valve body (1) with tubular valve pocket (2), described
The bottom of valve pocket (2) is axially arranged valve port (6), also includes being arranged on described valve body (1)
Bottom and the fluid inlet end (3) connected with described valve port (6) and described valve pocket (2)
Medial part connection fluid outlet (4), be arranged in described valve pocket (2) and can slide vertically
Dynamic cylindrical spool (5), it is arranged on described spool (5) in described valve pocket (2) against institute
State the spring (7) of valve port (6), it is characterised in that described spool (5) peripheral part with
It is formed between the inner wall part of described valve pocket (2) and makes stream circulation area axially to outlet fluid
The transitional fluid passage (22) that direction is descending, when described valve port (6) is opened, fluid
Described valve pocket (2) is entered by described transition passage (22).
2. pressure-control valve as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described transition passage
(22) the stream circulation area of entrance point is defined as S1, described transition passage (22) port of export
Flow path area be defined as S2, then meet relation: 35%S1 ＞ S2 ＞ 5%S1.
3. pressure-control valve as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described transition passage
(22) it is additionally included in axially the least to fluid issuing direction circulation area changeover portion
(221), described changeover portion (221) length (L) vertically is more than described transition passage (22)
At minimum widith radially.
4. pressure-control valve as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described transition passage
(22) it is additionally included in axially the least to fluid issuing direction circulation area changeover portion
(221), described changeover portion (221) length (L) vertically is more than described transition passage (22)
Difference between Breadth Maximum and minimum widith radially.
5. pressure-control valve as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described transition passage
(22) also include on towards the constant restriction portion (222) that the fluid flow area of the port of export is constant.
6. the pressure-control valve as described in any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that in institute
State spool (5) and close described valve port (6) position, described transition passage (22) and described stream
The body port of export (4) part of pass-though.
7. the pressure-control valve as described in any one of claim 3-5, it is characterised in that described valve
The peripheral part of core (5) has the first paragraph face (51) of frustum, described first paragraph face (51)
Constitute described changeover portion.
8. the pressure-control valve as described in any one of claim 3-5, it is characterised in that described valve
The inner wall part in chamber (2) has the second segment face (51A) of frustum, described second segment face (51A)
Constitute described changeover portion.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510241223.1A CN106286912B (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2015-05-13 | A kind of pressure-control valve |
| CN201910374425.1A CN110107719B (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2015-05-13 | Pressure control valve |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510241223.1A CN106286912B (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2015-05-13 | A kind of pressure-control valve |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910374425.1A Division CN110107719B (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2015-05-13 | Pressure control valve |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106286912A true CN106286912A (en) | 2017-01-04 |
| CN106286912B CN106286912B (en) | 2019-09-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510241223.1A Active CN106286912B (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2015-05-13 | A kind of pressure-control valve |
| CN201910374425.1A Active CN110107719B (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2015-05-13 | Pressure control valve |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910374425.1A Active CN110107719B (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2015-05-13 | Pressure control valve |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (2) | CN106286912B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107237906A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-10-10 | 上海德尔格医疗器械有限公司 | A kind of air-channel system of Pressure Relief Valve and medicine equipment |
| CN108479951A (en) * | 2018-03-18 | 2018-09-04 | 孙利韬 | Waste lithium cell burn-proof and explosion prevention safe and harmlessization processing equipment |
| CN108980129A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-11 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞行自动控制研究所 | A kind of load holding control valve |
| CN110410506A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A viscous medium pressure loading and unloading device and its control method |
| CN112585386A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2021-03-30 | 艾默生伏尔甘控股有限公司 | Valve disc for use with fluid valve |
| CN118523001A (en) * | 2024-07-22 | 2024-08-20 | 珠海科创储能科技有限公司 | Cooling device and system |
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| DE2806003A1 (en) * | 1978-02-13 | 1979-08-16 | Josef Nemetz | Seal for pressure dependent valve - has jointing material in sealing area with membrane lip providing spring action |
| DE3738071A1 (en) * | 1986-11-13 | 1988-05-19 | Josef Nemetz | Safety valve with sealing at the piston guide |
| EP1138991A1 (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-10-04 | Bestobell Valves | Safety valve |
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| CN203571137U (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-04-30 | 成霖企业股份有限公司 | Regulator valve |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107237906A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-10-10 | 上海德尔格医疗器械有限公司 | A kind of air-channel system of Pressure Relief Valve and medicine equipment |
| CN107237906B (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2024-05-10 | 上海德尔格医疗器械有限公司 | Pressure relief valve and medical instrument's gas circuit system |
| CN108479951A (en) * | 2018-03-18 | 2018-09-04 | 孙利韬 | Waste lithium cell burn-proof and explosion prevention safe and harmlessization processing equipment |
| CN108980129A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-11 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞行自动控制研究所 | A kind of load holding control valve |
| CN112585386A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2021-03-30 | 艾默生伏尔甘控股有限公司 | Valve disc for use with fluid valve |
| CN110410506A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A viscous medium pressure loading and unloading device and its control method |
| CN110410506B (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2020-04-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A viscous medium pressure loading and unloading device and its control method |
| CN118523001A (en) * | 2024-07-22 | 2024-08-20 | 珠海科创储能科技有限公司 | Cooling device and system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110107719A (en) | 2019-08-09 |
| CN110107719B (en) | 2020-11-06 |
| CN106286912B (en) | 2019-09-10 |
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