CN106286699B - A kind of complex spring damper of adjustable early stage rigidity - Google Patents
A kind of complex spring damper of adjustable early stage rigidity Download PDFInfo
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- CN106286699B CN106286699B CN201610906586.7A CN201610906586A CN106286699B CN 106286699 B CN106286699 B CN 106286699B CN 201610906586 A CN201610906586 A CN 201610906586A CN 106286699 B CN106286699 B CN 106286699B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
- F16F15/08—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with rubber springs ; with springs made of rubber and metal
- F16F15/085—Use of both rubber and metal springs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F3/00—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic
- F16F3/08—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber
- F16F3/10—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber combined with springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction
- F16F3/12—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber combined with springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction the steel spring being in contact with the rubber spring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2228/00—Functional characteristics, e.g. variability, frequency-dependence
- F16F2228/06—Stiffness
- F16F2228/066—Variable stiffness
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of complex spring dampers of adjustable early stage rigidity, it is characterized in that, it is additionally provided with backpressure device in the guide sleeve, the backpressure device includes quantity at least three two groups of precompressed cable wires and two pieces of floating platens respectively, wherein, two groups of precompressed cable wires are distributed in linear state in the distribution annular space respectively, and one of one group of precompressed cable wire is separately fixed on the floating platen adjacent with second end cover, other end passes through the floating platen adjacent with drive member to be anchored in drive member by cable wire self-locking tensioning anchorage respectively, one of another group of precompressed cable wire is separately fixed on the floating platen adjacent with drive member, other end passes through the floating platen adjacent with second end cover to be anchored in second end cover by cable wire self-locking tensioning anchorage respectively；Tensioning two groups of precompressed cable wires, make the complex spring be clamped in always between two pieces of floating platens.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a damping device, in particular to a damper adopting a composite spring.
Background
The composite spring is a rubber metal spiral composite spring, which is formed by wrapping a layer of rubber material around a metal spiral spring and compounding and vulcanizing the rubber material. The composite spring has the non-linear characteristic of a rubber spring, also has the characteristics of large deformation and large bearing capacity of a metal spiral spring, and has better stability and bearing capacity than the rubber spring. The composite spring has a working characteristic curve similar to that of the rubber air spring, but has a simpler structure and no risk of gas leakage compared with the rubber air spring, so that the composite spring is also used for replacing the rubber air spring and is widely applied to energy dissipation and vibration reduction of large-scale vibration equipment such as mining equipment, metallurgy equipment, coal equipment and the like and shock insulation of buildings.
The single metal spiral spring can only work in one state of extension or compression (so-called tension spring or compression spring), while the rubber spring can only work in a compression state and has weak tensile capacity, so that the composite spring formed by compounding and vulcanizing the metal spiral spring and the rubber spring is usually a compression spring and can only realize unidirectional vibration reduction. If the composite spring is used for bidirectional vibration reduction, at least two composite springs are used to form a damper, and the compression elastic deformation of the two composite springs is used for reducing bidirectional vibration respectively.
The utility model discloses a utility model patent application with grant publication number CN 204081122U discloses a wind-resistant shock attenuation spring damper for building, this damper with two elastomers (be two coil spring) respectively rigid coupling in the uide bushing on the epaxial middle restriction subassembly of center, when the damper is drawn or is compressed, one of them elastomer is drawn, another elastomer is compressed to realize the wind-resistant shock attenuation. However, the utility model patent obviously has the following disadvantages: 1. two spiral springs are needed, the whole damper is long, and the damper is not suitable for being installed in a space with a small distance; 2. in the process, the equal rigidity (including the tensile rigidity and the compression rigidity) of the two springs is difficult or even impossible to ensure, so that the damping effects are different when the wind directions are different; 3. the initial rigidity of the damper cannot be changed, and the aims of presetting the wind resistance level and reducing the damping cost are achieved; 4. one helical spring works in two states of stretching and compressing simultaneously, the metal material and the production process of the existing spring are difficult to meet the requirements, and the two working states of stretching and compressing can be realized only by reducing the elastic deformation range of the helical spring, which obviously causes resource waste. If the composite spring is used for resisting wind and reducing vibration, the two composite springs are obviously used for forming the wind-resisting damper like the utility model, and the damper formed by the composite spring obviously has the same defects as the utility model.
In addition, people pursue a comprehensive anti-seismic performance combining 'resistance' and 'consumption' for the design of an anti-seismic structure, particularly an anti-seismic structure of a high-rise building, namely the anti-seismic structure can provide extra additional rigidity for a building main body to resist the action of external load under the action of weak wind vibration and small earthquake, the integrity of the main body structure is maintained, and the internal damage of the structure main body is avoided; the anti-seismic structure begins to yield and deform under the action of strong wind vibration and a large earthquake, and external energy is dissipated through the damping effect of the damper in the anti-seismic structure, so that the main body of the structure is not seriously damaged or even collapsed in the strong wind vibration and the large earthquake. The requirement is that the anti-seismic structure can keep rigidity and does not deform under the action of external weak load; the energy can be dissipated by deformation under the action of external strong load. However, the existing shock insulation element, no matter a metal spring damper or a rubber air spring, cannot perfectly meet the shock resistance requirement.
The invention patent application with the publication number of CN101457553A discloses a tuned mass damper with adjustable spring stiffness, which is a composite damper, the characteristic frequency of the damper is changed by changing the thickness of a mass block, the damping ratio of the damper is changed by changing the flow of a working medium of the viscous damper, and the stiffness of the damper is changed by changing the effective working length of a spring, wherein three means are adopted for changing the effective working length of the spring, firstly, a section of the spring positioned in a curing cylinder is cured by adopting a curing material, secondly, a constraint block is inserted into the center of a spiral spring and is in interference fit with the spring, so that a section of the spring contacted with the constraint block fails, thirdly, a spiral bulge is arranged on the surface of the constraint block, and the spiral bulge is clamped between spring wires, so that a section of the spring clamped with the spiral bulge between the spring wires fails. The three means described above for varying the effective working length of the spring are clearly not applicable to compound springs; in addition, the damping shock absorber in the form not only obviously shortens the effective working length of the spring, but also can only compress energy consumption and damp and cannot stretch the energy consumption and damp.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a composite spring damper capable of adjusting early stiffness, which can adjust the early stiffness and can compress and stretch energy dissipation and vibration reduction only by adopting one composite spring.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a composite spring damper capable of adjusting early stiffness comprises a guide sleeve, wherein one end of the guide sleeve is provided with a first end cover, and the other end of the guide sleeve is provided with a second end cover; the guide sleeve is internally and coaxially provided with a spring, a driving member extends into the guide sleeve from the outer side of the first end cover and comprises a movable platen and a driving rod, wherein the movable platen is positioned at the head part of the spring, and the driving rod is arranged on the movable platen and extends out of the guide sleeve along the axis of the guide sleeve; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the spring is a composite spring (all called as a rubber metal spiral composite spring), the outer diameter of the composite spring is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide sleeve, and an annular space is formed between the composite spring and the guide sleeve;
the guide sleeve is also internally provided with a back pressure device which comprises two groups of prepressing steel cables with at least three, two floating press plates and a steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage device with the number of the sum of the two groups of prepressing steel cables, wherein,
one floating pressure plate is arranged between the movable pressure plate and the composite spring, and the other floating pressure plate is arranged between the second end cover and the composite spring;
the cable wire auto-lock tensioning ground tackle constitute by first self-centering locking clamp, the second self-centering locking clamp, prevent turning round compression spring and plane bearing, wherein:
A) the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat, the middle part of one end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss, a first conical clamping jaw consisting of 3-5 claw pieces is arranged in the boss along the axial lead, and a tensioning screw sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the boss; the small end of the first conical clamp points to the connecting seat, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve is in a regular hexagon shape;
B) the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve, a second tapered clamping jaw and a hollow bolt which are composed of 3-5 jaw pieces are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve along the axis, the head of the hollow bolt is opposite to the big end of the second tapered clamping jaw, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve is regular hexagon;
C) the plane bearing is composed of a ball-retainer assembly and annular roller paths respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve opposite to the taper sleeve, wherein the annular roller paths are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly;
D) the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning threaded sleeve, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw point to the same direction; the plane bearing is positioned between the tensioning threaded sleeve and the taper sleeve, and the anti-torsion compression spring is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning threaded sleeve; after the prepressing steel wire rope penetrates out of the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw and the center hole of the plane bearing and the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw through the anti-torsion compression spring, under the tension action of the prepressing steel wire rope, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the first conical clamping jaw, and the other end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the conical sleeve;
the two groups of prepressing steel cables are symmetrically distributed in the annular space in a linear state around the axis of the guide sleeve respectively, one end of each group of prepressing steel cables is fixed on the floating pressing plate adjacent to the second end cover respectively, the other end of each group of prepressing steel cables penetrates through the floating pressing plate adjacent to the movable pressing plate and is anchored on the movable pressing plate by a steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage respectively, one end of each group of prepressing steel cables is fixed on the floating pressing plate adjacent to the movable pressing plate respectively, and the other end of each group of prepressing steel cables penetrates through the floating pressing plate adjacent to the second end cover and is anchored on the second end cover by a steel cable self-;
through holes penetrating through the prepressing steel cables are respectively arranged at the positions of the floating pressing plate penetrating through the prepressing steel cables, and the aperture of each through hole is larger than the diameter of each through hole;
the guide sleeve and the two floating pressure plates are respectively in movable fit;
and tensioning the two groups of prepressing steel cables to ensure that the distance between the two floating pressure plates is equal to the length for compressing the composite spring to the preset early stiffness.
In the above scheme, the pre-pressed steel cable may be a steel cable or a pre-stressed steel strand.
The working principle of the composite spring damper is as follows: when the dynamic load is relatively acted along the axis of the guide sleeve, the driving member compresses the compound spring downwards; when the dynamic load acts along the axis of the guide sleeve in a reverse manner, the two groups of prepressing steel ropes pull the two floating pressure plates to move oppositely to compress the composite spring. Therefore, the composite spring can be compressed by axial dynamic load acting on the damper oppositely or reversely, so that the composite spring is elastically deformed to consume energy.
According to the working principle, the prepressing steel rope and the hole wall of the through hole in the floating pressing plate cannot generate friction in the working process, otherwise, the up-and-down movement of the floating pressing plate is interfered, so that the diameter of the through hole in the floating pressing plate is larger than that of the prepressing steel rope, and the up-and-down movement of the floating pressing plate is preferably not interfered and influenced.
According to the composite spring damper capable of adjusting early stiffness, two ends of the prepressing steel cable can be anchored, and can also be tied and fixed by similar lifting ring screws.
In order to prevent the two ends of the compound spring from sliding on the floating pressure plate, the improved scheme of the invention is as follows: and two ends of the composite spring are respectively embedded in the positioning rings.
The damper can be widely applied to various one-dimensional shock insulation fields, such as isolation of internal vibration of mechanical equipment, shock insulation of equipment foundations, shock resistance reinforcement of building structures, shock insulation of building foundations and the like.
The damper has the following beneficial effects:
(1) only one composite spring is needed to ensure that the damper can generate elastic compression deformation to consume energy no matter the damper is subjected to positive or reverse axial external force, so that one composite spring is saved, and the length of the damper is greatly shortened.
(2) When the dynamic load is larger than the early rigidity resisting capacity of the damper, the bidirectional elastic deformation is symmetrical, so that the compression deformation and energy consumption effects of the external force load are not influenced by the positive and negative direction changes of the external force load.
(3) The early stiffness of the whole damper can be changed by changing the length of the prepressing steel cable, and when the early stiffness is larger than zero, the damper cannot be deformed by external force before overcoming the early stiffness, so that when the damper is used for building structure earthquake resistance, the earthquake fortification grade can be preset, and the earthquake insulation cost is obviously reduced.
(4) The early stiffness of the damper can be preset by presetting the length of the prepressing steel cable, but the effective working length of the composite spring is unchanged, and the original characteristic parameters of the composite spring cannot be changed.
(5) The steel cable self-locking tensioning anchor device is adopted to fix the other end of the prepressing steel cable on the movable pressure plate or the second end cover, so that the length of the prepressing steel cable can be adjusted, and the combined action of the anti-torsion compression spring and the first self-centering locking clamp can be utilized to effectively prevent the prepressing steel cable from twisting in the length adjusting process to change the characteristic parameters of the steel cable.
Drawings
3 fig. 3 1 3 to 3 8 3 are 3 schematic 3 structural 3 views 3 of 3 an 3 embodiment 3 of 3a 3 damper 3 according 3 to 3 the 3 present 3 invention 3, 3 in 3 which 3 fig. 3 1 3 is 3a 3 front 3 view 3 ( 3 cross 3- 3 sectional 3 view 3) 3, 3 fig. 3 2 3 is 3a 3 cross 3- 3 sectional 3 view 3a 3- 3a 3 of 3 fig. 3 1 3, 3 fig. 3 3 3 is 3a 3 cross 3- 3 sectional 3 view 3 b 3- 3 b 3 of 3 fig. 3 1 3, 3 fig. 3 4 3 is 3a 3 cross 3- 3 sectional 3 view 3 c 3- 3 c 3 of 3 fig. 3 1 3, 3 fig. 3 5 3 is 3a 3 bottom 3 view 3, 3 fig. 3 6 3 is 3 an 3 enlarged 3 view 3 of 3a 3 portion 3 i 3 of 3 fig. 3 1 3, 3 fig. 3 7 3 is 3 an 3 enlarged 3 view 3 of 3a 3 portion 3 ii 3 of 3 fig. 3 1 3, 3 and 3 fig. 3 8 3 is 3 an 3 enlarged 3 view 3 of 3a 3 portion 3 iii 3 of 3 fig. 3 2 3. 3
Fig. 9 to 13 are schematic structural views of the steel rope self-locking tension anchor in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 8, in which fig. 9 is a front view (sectional view), a broken line in the drawing indicates a pre-pressing steel rope, fig. 10 is a bottom view, fig. 11 is a sectional view from D to D of fig. 9, fig. 12 is a sectional view from E to E of fig. 9, and fig. 13 is a sectional view from F to F of fig. 9.
Fig. 14 to 15 are schematic structural views of a second embodiment of a damper according to the present invention, in which fig. 14 is a front view (sectional view), fig. 15 is a sectional view taken from G to G of fig. 14, fig. 16 is a sectional view taken from H to H of fig. 14, fig. 17 is a sectional view taken from I to I of fig. 14, and fig. 18 is a bottom view.
Fig. 19 to 23 are schematic structural views of a third specific embodiment of a damper according to the present invention, in which fig. 19 is a front view (sectional view), fig. 20 is a sectional view from J to J of fig. 19, fig. 21 is a sectional view from K to K of fig. 19, fig. 22 is a sectional view from L to L of fig. 19, and fig. 23 is a bottom view.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the composite spring damper with adjustable early stiffness in this example is an energy consumption device for seismic strengthening of a building structure, and includes a guide sleeve 1, and a first end cap 2 and a second end cap 3 respectively disposed at two ends of the guide sleeve 1, wherein the first end cap 2 and the second end cap 3 are respectively fixedly connected to two ends of the guide sleeve by screws. A composite spring 4 is axially arranged in the guide sleeve 1, and a driving member extends into the guide sleeve 1 from the center of the first end cover 2 and is pressed on the composite spring 4; the driving component comprises a movable platen 5 which is positioned at the upper end of the composite spring 4 and is in movable fit with the guide sleeve 1 and a driving rod 5-1 which extends upwards from the upper surface of the movable platen 5 to the guide sleeve 1, wherein the tail end of the driving rod 5-1, which is positioned outside the guide sleeve 1, is provided with a connecting ring 5-2 with a hinge hole 14, and the connecting ring 5-2 and the driving rod 5-1 are butted together in a threaded connection mode.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3 in combination with fig. 6, the composite spring 4 in this embodiment is formed by compounding and vulcanizing a cylindrical helical compression spring 4-1 and a rubber spring 4-2 wrapped around the cylindrical helical compression spring 4-1. The outer diameter of the compound spring 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide sleeve 1, and an annular space is formed between the two.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the outer side of the second end cap 3 is provided with two connecting ear plates 13 integrally connected with the second end cap, and each connecting ear plate 13 is provided with a hinge hole 14.
Referring to fig. 1-8, a back pressure device is arranged in the guide sleeve 1, and the back pressure device comprises two groups of prepressing steel cables, two floating press plates and eight steel cable self-locking tensioning anchors 16; the two groups of pre-pressing steel cables are a first group of pre-pressing steel cables 8 consisting of three pre-pressing steel cables and a second group of pre-pressing steel cables 9 consisting of five pre-pressing steel cables; the two floating pressure plates are a first floating pressure plate 6 arranged between a movable pressure plate 5 of the driving component and the composite spring 4 and a second floating pressure plate 7 arranged between the second end cover 3 and the composite spring 4, and are respectively in movable fit with the inner wall of the guide sleeve 1.
Referring to fig. 9-13, each steel cable self-locking tensioning anchor 16 is composed of a first self-centering locking clamp, a second self-centering locking clamp, an anti-torsion compression spring 16-1 and a planar bearing 16-2, wherein:
the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat 16-3, the edge of the connecting seat 16-3 is provided with a mounting hole 16-12, the middle part of the lower end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss 16-4, the inside of the boss 16-4 is provided with a first taper hole 16-5 along the axial lead, a first tapered clamping jaw 16-7 consisting of 3 claw pieces is arranged in the taper hole, the peripheral surface of the boss 16-4 is sleeved with a tensioning screw sleeve 16-6, and the first tapered clamping jaw are in threaded connection; the small end of the first tapered clamp 16-7 points to the connecting seat 16-3, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve 16-6 is in a regular hexagon shape;
the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve 16-8, and a section of second taper hole 16-13 and a section of threaded hole are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve 16-8 along the axis; the second taper clamping jaw 16-9 consisting of 3 jaw pieces is arranged in the second taper hole 16-13, the threaded hole is internally provided with a hollow bolt 16-10, the head of the hollow bolt 16-10 is opposite to the big end of the second taper clamping jaw 16-9, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve 16-8 is in a regular hexagon shape;
the plane bearing 16-2 is composed of a ball-retainer assembly 16-11 and annular raceways which are respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve 16-6 opposite to the taper sleeve 16-8, wherein the annular raceways are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly 16-11;
the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning screw sleeve 16-6, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw 16-9 and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw 16-7 are in the same direction; the plane bearing 16-2 is positioned between the tensioning screw sleeve 16-6 and the taper sleeve 16-8, and the anti-torsion compression spring 16-1 is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning screw sleeve 16-6. After the pre-pressing steel cable penetrates out from the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw 16-7, through the central hole of the anti-torsion compression spring 16-1 and the plane bearing 16-2 and the space between the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw 16-9, under the tension of the pre-pressing steel cable, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring 16-1 acts on the first conical clamping jaw 16-7, and the other end acts on the taper sleeve 16-8.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the two groups of pre-pressed steel cables are respectively and symmetrically distributed in the annular space around the axis of the guide sleeve 1 in a linear state, each pre-pressed steel cable is parallel to the axis of the guide sleeve 1, and the distance from the first group of pre-pressed steel cables 8 to the axis of the guide sleeve is equal to the distance from the second group of pre-pressed steel cables 9 to the axis of the guide sleeve; the lower ends of the first group of prepressing steel cables 8 are respectively fixed on the second floating pressing plate 7 by lifting ring screws 12, and the upper ends of the first group of prepressing steel cables respectively pass through the first floating pressing plate 6 and are anchored on the movable pressing plate 5 by a steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage device 16; the upper ends of the second group of prepressing steel cables 9 are respectively fixed on the first floating pressing plate 6 by lifting bolts 12, and the lower ends pass through the second floating pressing plate 7 and are anchored on the second end cover 3 by a steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage device 16. A first through hole 10 for each first group of pre-pressing steel cables 8 to pass through is formed in the position, through which each first group of pre-pressing steel cables 8 passes, of the first floating pressing plate 6, and the diameter of the first through hole 10 is larger than that of the first group of pre-pressing steel cables 8; on the movable platen 5, a first anchoring hole 5-3 for anchoring the first group of pre-pressed steel wire ropes 8 is formed at the position where each first group of pre-pressed steel wire ropes 8 passes through; a second through hole 11 for each second set of pre-pressing steel cables 9 to pass through is formed in the position, through which each second set of pre-pressing steel cables 9 passes, of the second floating pressing plate 7, and the diameter of the second through hole 11 is larger than that of the second set of pre-pressing steel cables 9; and a second anchoring hole 3-1 for anchoring the second group of pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 is formed in the passing position of each second group of pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 on the second end cover 3. The method for fixing one end of the prepressing steel cable on the corresponding component by the lifting ring screw comprises the following steps: the eye screw 12 is fixed to the corresponding component, and then one end of the pre-pressed steel cable is tied to the eye of the eye screw and fixed by a steel cable clamp (not shown).
Referring to fig. 1, the connecting seat 16-3 of the cable self-locking tension anchor 16 is fixed to the lower surface of the second end cap 3 or the upper surface of the movable platen 5 by screws.
The pre-stressed steel cable in the embodiment can be a steel wire rope or a pre-stressed steel strand, and can be selected according to actual requirements during specific implementation.
Referring to fig. 1-3 and fig. 6, the opposite surfaces of the first floating pressing plate 6 and the second floating pressing plate 7 are respectively provided with a positioning ring 15 with an inner diameter matched with the outer diameter of the compound spring 4, and two ends of the compound spring 4 are respectively embedded in the positioning rings 15 on the first floating pressing plate 6 and the second floating pressing plate 7.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8 in combination with fig. 9 to 13, in order to achieve the purpose of presetting the early stiffness, the installation and tensioning method of the two sets of pre-stressed steel cables is as follows: (1) firstly, calculating the length of the composite spring 4 meeting the early stiffness of the damper according to the early stiffness preset by the damper and the characteristic parameters of the composite spring 4; (2) assembling the damper according to the figure 1, and enabling the other end of each prepressing steel cable to penetrate out of central holes of a first conical clamping jaw 16-7, a second conical clamping jaw 16-9 and a hollow bolt 16-10 of a corresponding steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage device 16; then, (3) the rope end of the exposed prepressing steel rope is tied on a traction tensioning machine, and the compression amount (namely the tensioning distance) of the compound spring 4 is monitored while the traction tensioning is carried out so as to determine the distance between the two floating pressure plates; when the distance between the two floating pressure plates is equal to the length for compressing the composite spring 4 to meet the early rigidity, moving the second self-centering locking clamp forwards, adjusting and screwing the tensioning screw sleeve 16-6 simultaneously, so that the plane bearing 16-2 is tightly clamped between the tensioning screw sleeve 16-6 and the taper sleeve 16-8, the anti-twisting compression spring 16-1 is compressed, the generated tension pushes the first tapered clamping jaw 16-7 to move forwards to clamp the pre-pressing steel cable, and then screwing the hollow bolt 16-10 clamps the pre-pressing steel cable in the second tapered clamping jaw 16-9; and finally, removing the traction stretching machine, cutting off the redundant prepressing steel cable, and clamping the composite spring 4 between the two floating pressing plates all the time.
Referring to fig. 1 and 9-13, in the construction process of installing the damper or in the daily maintenance process, if the tension of a certain pre-pressed steel cable is insufficient, the tensioning screw sleeve 16-6 in the steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage device 16 can be screwed to adjust.
Referring to fig. 1, the two sets of pre-pressing steel cables respectively pull the two floating press plates to compress the composite spring 4 to provide pre-pressing force for the composite spring, and the pre-pressing force can be adjusted by changing the length of the pre-pressing steel cables, so that the purpose of presetting the stiffness of the composite spring is achieved. When the damper is subjected to an external axial load, the compound spring 4 will not continue to deform, whether the external load is a compressive or tensile force, as long as it is less than the pre-stress. When the external load is greater than the pre-pressure, if the external load is pressure, the movable platen 5 pushes the first floating platen 6 to continue to compress the composite spring 4 to generate elastic deformation energy consumption, and if the external load is tension, the two sets of pre-pressing steel cables respectively pull the two floating platens to move relatively to compress the composite spring 4 to generate elastic deformation energy consumption. Because the final deformation is the compression deformation of the same composite spring 4 no matter the dynamic load of the damper is tension or compression, the bidirectional elastic deformation of the damper is necessarily symmetrical.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 14 to 18, the present example differs from example 1 in the following points:
the first set of pre-pressed steel cables 8 and the second set of pre-pressed steel cables 9 are composed of three steel cables. The number of the steel cable self-locking tensioning anchors 16 is six.
The method of carrying out the present embodiment other than the above is the same as that of example 1.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 19 to 23, the composite spring damper with adjustable early stiffness in this example is a vibration isolation device (also called vibration isolation support) that can be used for vertical vibration isolation of a building, and the following differences are mainly found in this example compared with example 2:
1. as a vibration isolation support, for the convenience of installation, the connecting ear plate arranged on the second end cap 3 is omitted in this example, the second end cap 3 extends axially downwards from the edge and then radially outwards, the connecting bolt holes 18 are uniformly arranged on the edge, the second end cap 3 is used as a base of the vibration isolation support, wherein the length of the downward axial extension is larger than the height of the steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage device 16. The driving rod 5-1 of the driving member is a metal tube fixedly connected with the upper surface of the movable platen 5 through a bolt, the end part of the metal tube outside the guide sleeve 1 is provided with a connecting supporting plate 17, and the connecting supporting plate 17 is also provided with a connecting bolt hole 18.
2. The capsule wall 4-1 of the composite spring 4 consists of two curved capsules which are connected in series; the first group of prepressing steel cables 8 and the second group of prepressing steel cables 9 are respectively composed of five steel cables; the number of cable self-locking tensioning anchors 16 is ten.
Other embodiments than the above-described embodiment are the same as embodiment 2.
Claims (5)
1. A composite spring damper capable of adjusting early stiffness comprises a guide sleeve, wherein one end of the guide sleeve is provided with a first end cover, and the other end of the guide sleeve is provided with a second end cover; the guide sleeve is internally and coaxially provided with a spring, a driving member extends into the guide sleeve from the outer side of the first end cover and comprises a movable platen and a driving rod, wherein the movable platen is positioned at the head part of the spring, and the driving rod is arranged on the movable platen and extends out of the guide sleeve along the axis of the guide sleeve; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the spring is a composite spring, the outer diameter of the composite spring is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide sleeve, and an annular space is formed between the composite spring and the guide sleeve;
the guide sleeve is internally provided with a back pressure device, the back pressure device comprises two groups of prepressing steel cables, two floating press plates and steel cable self-locking tensioning anchors the number of which is the sum of the two groups of prepressing steel cables, wherein the number of each group of prepressing steel cables is at least three; wherein,
one floating pressure plate is arranged between the movable pressure plate and the composite spring, and the other floating pressure plate is arranged between the second end cover and the composite spring;
the cable wire auto-lock tensioning ground tackle constitute by first self-centering locking clamp, the second self-centering locking clamp, prevent turning round compression spring and plane bearing, wherein:
A) the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat, the middle part of one end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss, a first conical clamping jaw consisting of 3-5 claw pieces is arranged in the boss along the axial lead, and a tensioning screw sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the boss; the small end of the first conical clamping jaw points to the connecting seat, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve is in a regular hexagon shape;
B) the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve, a second tapered clamping jaw and a hollow bolt which are composed of 3-5 jaw pieces are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve along the axis, the head of the hollow bolt is opposite to the big end of the second tapered clamping jaw, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve is regular hexagon;
C) the plane bearing is composed of a ball-retainer assembly and annular roller paths respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve opposite to the taper sleeve, wherein the annular roller paths are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly;
D) the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning threaded sleeve, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw point to the same direction; the plane bearing is positioned between the tensioning threaded sleeve and the taper sleeve, and the anti-torsion compression spring is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning threaded sleeve; after the prepressing steel cable penetrates out from the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw through the center hole of the anti-torsion compression spring and the plane bearing and the space between the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw, under the tension action of the prepressing steel cable, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the first conical clamping jaw, and the other end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the conical sleeve;
the two groups of prepressing steel cables are symmetrically distributed in the annular space in a linear state around the axis of the guide sleeve respectively, one end of each group of prepressing steel cables is fixed on the floating pressing plate adjacent to the second end cover respectively, the other end of each group of prepressing steel cables penetrates through the floating pressing plate adjacent to the movable pressing plate and is anchored on the movable pressing plate by a steel cable self-locking tensioning anchorage respectively, one end of each group of prepressing steel cables is fixed on the floating pressing plate adjacent to the movable pressing plate respectively, and the other end of each group of prepressing steel cables penetrates through the floating pressing plate adjacent to the second end cover and is anchored on the second end cover by a steel cable self;
through holes penetrating through the prepressing steel cables are respectively arranged at the positions of the floating pressing plate penetrating through the prepressing steel cables, and the aperture of each through hole is larger than the diameter of each through hole;
the guide sleeve and the two floating pressure plates are respectively in movable fit;
and tensioning the two groups of prepressing steel cables to ensure that the distance between the two floating pressure plates is equal to the length for compressing the composite spring to the preset early stiffness.
2. The adjustable early stiffness compound spring damper as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adjustable early stiffness compound spring damper is a damper for seismic reinforcement of a building structure.
3. The adjustable early stiffness compound spring damper as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adjustable early stiffness compound spring damper is a vertical seismic isolation device for building seismic resistance.
4. The adjustable early stiffness compound spring damper as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the pre-stressed steel cable is a steel cable or a pre-stressed steel strand.
5. The adjustable early stiffness compound spring damper as claimed in claim 4, wherein the two floating pressure plates are provided with a positioning ring on their opposite surfaces, and the two ends of the compound spring are embedded in the positioning rings.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610906586.7A CN106286699B (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2016-10-17 | A kind of complex spring damper of adjustable early stage rigidity |
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| CN201610906586.7A CN106286699B (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2016-10-17 | A kind of complex spring damper of adjustable early stage rigidity |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106286699A CN106286699A (en) | 2017-01-04 |
| CN106286699B true CN106286699B (en) | 2018-08-31 |
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| CN201610906586.7A Expired - Fee Related CN106286699B (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2016-10-17 | A kind of complex spring damper of adjustable early stage rigidity |
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| CN111075885A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-28 | 浙江大学 | Vibration isolation device of the main engine of the vacuum container of the ultra-gravity geotechnical centrifuge |
| WO2023023885A1 (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2023-03-02 | 吴博睿 | Transmission device |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5120277A (en) * | 1989-07-06 | 1992-06-09 | Hutchinson | Tensioner for a transmission belt |
| CN1932324A (en) * | 2006-10-09 | 2007-03-21 | 毛学军 | Adjustable disc-shape spring mechanical vibration reducing damper |
| CN101457553A (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-06-17 | 尹学军 | Spring stiffness adjustable tuning quality damper |
| CN102401053A (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-04-04 | 溧阳市振大铁路设备有限公司 | Composite spring for train bogie |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6033591B2 (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2016-11-30 | 特許機器株式会社 | Seismic reduction device |
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2016
- 2016-10-17 CN CN201610906586.7A patent/CN106286699B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5120277A (en) * | 1989-07-06 | 1992-06-09 | Hutchinson | Tensioner for a transmission belt |
| CN1932324A (en) * | 2006-10-09 | 2007-03-21 | 毛学军 | Adjustable disc-shape spring mechanical vibration reducing damper |
| CN101457553A (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-06-17 | 尹学军 | Spring stiffness adjustable tuning quality damper |
| CN102401053A (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-04-04 | 溧阳市振大铁路设备有限公司 | Composite spring for train bogie |
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