CN106281507A - 醇基燃料添加剂 - Google Patents
醇基燃料添加剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106281507A CN106281507A CN201610869777.0A CN201610869777A CN106281507A CN 106281507 A CN106281507 A CN 106281507A CN 201610869777 A CN201610869777 A CN 201610869777A CN 106281507 A CN106281507 A CN 106281507A
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XESZUVZBAMCAEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butylcatechol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 XESZUVZBAMCAEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- VIHYIVKEECZGOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-acetylimidazole Chemical compound CC(=O)N1C=CN=C1 VIHYIVKEECZGOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001087 glyceryl triacetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000013773 glyceryl triacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl ether Chemical compound CCCOCCC POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XNCKCDBPEMSUFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutyl nitrite;3-methylbutyl nitrite Chemical class CCC(C)CON=O.CC(C)CCON=O XNCKCDBPEMSUFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960004011 methenamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- IYSGJCJSRBFZSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide;manganese;5-methylcyclopenta-1,3-diene Chemical group [Mn].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].C[C-]1C=CC=C1 IYSGJCJSRBFZSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- HSNWZBCBUUSSQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N amyl nitrate Chemical compound CCCCCO[N+]([O-])=O HSNWZBCBUUSSQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- -1 Nonyl ester Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- GPZYYYGYCRFPBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-Hydroxyflavone Chemical compound C=1C(=O)C2=CC(O)=CC=C2OC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 GPZYYYGYCRFPBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001279 adipic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid group Chemical group C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002735 gasoline substitute Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明属于燃料添加剂技术领域，特别涉及一种醇基燃料添加剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：六亚甲基四胺10～18份，N‑乙酰基咪唑8～16份，对叔丁基邻苯二酚6～14份，聚乙烯醇5～10份，三乙酸甘油酯4～12份，十六烷值改进剂3～11份，燃烧促进剂1～8份。本发明的添加剂具有助燃，清净，抗腐蚀，抗氧化，提高燃料十六烷值等作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于燃料添加剂技术领域，特别涉及一种醇基燃料添加剂。
背景技术
随着石油资源的日益枯竭，人们在努力寻找它的代用品。甲醇因其具有洁净、高热值、高效率和容易取得等特点被世界各国作为替代汽、柴油的潜在首选液体燃料。更有些国家已将其作为一种现实的车用液体燃料来使用。国内将甲醇作为汽油代用品已有较多的实例。作为柴油代用品则正处于探索之中。甲醇用作车用发动机燃料存在的主要问题：
一是甲醇燃料的动力性能低于柴油；二是十六烷值低，只有2～3，而柴油机压缩起动时其十六烷值不能小于45；
第三是甲醇对发动机系统的非金属件有溶涨腐蚀作用，而对金属件则存在电位腐蚀问题；
第四是甲醇的粘度系数小，因而其对发动机系统有一定的冲刷作用；
第五是甲醇与柴油相溶性，遇水分层，贮存稳定性差。
此五个问题是目前影响甲醇用作柴油机燃料的主要障碍。目前，利用甲醇作车用发动机燃料，在现有燃料油中添加一定比例的甲醇和其它添加剂，但是甲醇代替量较低，替代效果不强。甲醇燃料添加剂可以保护发动机的燃油系统、进气系统、润滑系统等部位，让发动机发挥持续的、可信赖的性能，通过清除积碳、油泥，可以提升动力，节省燃油，降低噪音，减少环境污染、降低因燃油导致的发动机故障。但现有的甲醇燃料添加剂有些虽能在一定程度上改善燃料在内燃机中的燃烧性能，但会造成内燃机生锈、积碳严重，大大降低内燃机的正常运行，且同样污染环境；有些虽能减少环境污染，但却并不能很好的提高燃料在内燃机中的燃烧效率，造成油耗增加；有些即便能提高燃料在内燃机中的燃烧效率并对环境污染有所改善，但效果也并不是很理想，且使用的原料成本较高、制作工艺较为复杂。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供醇基燃料添加剂，该添加剂具有助燃，清净，抗腐蚀，提高燃料十六烷值等作用。
为实现上述目的，本发明所要解决的技术方案为：
本发明醇基燃料添加剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：六亚甲基四胺10～18份，N-乙酰基咪唑8～16份，对叔丁基邻苯二酚6～14份，聚乙烯醇5～10份，三乙酸甘油酯4～12份，十六烷值改进剂3～11份，燃烧促进剂1～8份。
本发明所述的十六烷值改进剂为4～12重量份硝酸戊酯、2～10重量份己二酸二异壬酯和1～9重量份丙醚的混合物。
本发明所述的燃烧促进剂为5～13重量份碳酸二甲酯、3～11重量份环烷酸和1～9重量份苯甲酸的混合物。燃烧促进剂能促使燃料迅速、完全地燃烧，提高热效率，从而降低油耗、减少燃烧室内的积炭和顶部活塞环的结焦。
优选地，本发明所述的醇基燃料添加剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：六亚甲基四胺12～16份，N-乙酰基咪唑10～14份，对叔丁基邻苯二酚8～12份，聚乙烯醇6～9份，三乙酸甘油酯6～10份，十六烷值改进剂5～9份，燃烧促进剂2～7份。
更优选地，本发明所述的醇基燃料添加剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：六亚甲基四胺14份，N-乙酰基咪唑12份，对叔丁基邻苯二酚10份，聚乙烯醇8份，三乙酸甘油酯8份，十六烷值改进剂7份，燃烧促进剂5份。
优选地，本发明所述的十六烷值改进剂为8重量份硝酸戊酯、6重量份己二酸二异壬酯和5重量份丙醚的混合物。
优选地，本发明所述的燃烧促进剂为9重量份碳酸二甲酯、7重量份环烷酸和5重量份苯甲酸的混合物。
本发明的添加剂在醇基燃料配制时的应用时，可以使用常规的添加量，但优选地，在实际应用中，本发明添加剂的添加量为醇基燃料质量的0.08％～0.3％，所述的醇基燃料质量为不含有添加剂的量。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1、本发明的六亚甲基四胺和N-乙酰基咪唑清净作用，可有效清除喷嘴积碳，确保良好的雾化性能，并保持发动机性能以及排放水平。清净剂可有效清除喷嘴积碳，确保良好的雾化性能，并保持发动机性能以及排放水平。
2、本发明的亚甲基四胺和三乙酸甘油酯抗腐蚀作用，与金属表面强烈作用，产生化学和物理吸附作用，形成良好的保护膜，从一定程度上隔离了腐蚀物质与金属件的接触，达到抑制腐蚀的目的，保护发动机燃料系统，延长试用期，也可防止生成的锈粒阻塞燃料滤网和喷嘴等，影响发动机的正常运转。
3、本发明的聚乙烯醇具有抗冻的作用，冷滤点较现有的醇基燃料降低13～18℃。
4、本发明的己二酸二异壬酯和六亚甲基四胺还具有润滑作用，保护发动机设备，节约发动机燃油，同时也有利于燃料充分燃烧减少尾气排放量。
5、本发明原料协同作用还具有抗氧化作用，防止柴油在贮存过程中氧化生成的胶质沉渣，在使用过程中溶在燃料中的胶质因燃料汽化与雾化而沉积吸入系统，影响发动机的正常运转，改善燃料的贮存稳定性。
6、本发明的醇基燃料添加剂添加到醇基燃料中后，经试验，存放至少18个月不分层，不变质；燃料热值较柴油提高800～1300大卡/公斤；铜片腐蚀(50℃,3h)为1a级；十六烷值较柴油提高7～10个单位；尾气中的CO、HC、NOX和颗粒物较使用柴油排放分别降低42～65％、24～56％、58～72％、80～92％，经计算，可节约成本35.6％～40.9％。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但本发明并不局限于这些实施例。
实施例1
醇基燃料添加剂，由以下重量份的原料制成(室温下，搅拌混合均匀即可)：六亚甲基四胺10份，N-乙酰基咪唑16份，对叔丁基邻苯二酚6份，聚乙烯醇10份，三乙酸甘油酯4份，十六烷值改进剂11份，燃烧促进剂1份。
上述的十六烷值改进剂为4重量份硝酸戊酯、10重量份己二酸二异壬酯和1重量份丙醚的混合物。
上述的燃烧促进剂为13重量份碳酸二甲酯、3重量份环烷酸和9重量份苯甲酸的混合物。
在实际应用中，本发明添加剂的添加量为醇基燃料质量的0.08％。
实施例2
醇基燃料添加剂，由以下重量份的原料制成(室温下，搅拌混合均匀即可)：六亚甲基四胺12份，N-乙酰基咪唑14份，对叔丁基邻苯二酚8份，聚乙烯醇9份，三乙酸甘油酯6份，十六烷值改进剂9份，燃烧促进剂2份。
上述的十六烷值改进剂为6重量份硝酸戊酯、8重量份己二酸二异壬酯和2重量份丙醚的混合物。
上述的燃烧促进剂为11重量份碳酸二甲酯、5重量份环烷酸和7重量份苯甲酸的混合物。
在实际应用中，本发明添加剂的添加量为醇基燃料质量的0.14％。
实施例3
醇基燃料添加剂，由以下重量份的原料制成(室温下，搅拌混合均匀即可)：六亚甲基四胺14份，N-乙酰基咪唑12份，对叔丁基邻苯二酚10份，聚乙烯醇8份，三乙酸甘油酯8份，十六烷值改进剂7份，燃烧促进剂5份。
上述的十六烷值改进剂为8重量份硝酸戊酯、6重量份己二酸二异壬酯和5重量份丙醚的混合物。
上述的燃烧促进剂为9重量份碳酸二甲酯、7重量份环烷酸和5重量份苯甲酸的混合物。
在实际应用中，本发明添加剂的添加量为醇基燃料质量的2％。
实施例4
醇基燃料添加剂，由以下重量份的原料制成(室温下，搅拌混合均匀即可)：六亚甲基四胺16份，N-乙酰基咪唑10份，对叔丁基邻苯二酚12份，聚乙烯醇6份，三乙酸甘油酯10份，十六烷值改进剂5份，燃烧促进剂7份。
上述的十六烷值改进剂为10重量份硝酸戊酯、4重量份己二酸二异壬酯和7重量份丙醚的混合物。
上述的燃烧促进剂为7重量份碳酸二甲酯、9重量份环烷酸和3重量份苯甲酸的混合物。
在实际应用中，本发明添加剂的添加量为醇基燃料质量的2.6％。
实施例5
醇基燃料添加剂，由以下重量份的原料制成(室温下，搅拌混合均匀即可)：六亚甲基四胺18份，N-乙酰基咪唑8份，对叔丁基邻苯二酚14份，聚乙烯醇5份，三乙酸甘油酯12份，十六烷值改进剂3份，燃烧促进剂8份。
上述的十六烷值改进剂为12重量份硝酸戊酯、2重量份己二酸二异壬酯和9重量份丙醚的混合物。
上述的燃烧促进剂为5重量份碳酸二甲酯、11重量份环烷酸和1重量份苯甲酸的混合物。
在实际应用中，本发明添加剂的添加量为醇基燃料质量的3％。
Claims (5)
1.醇基燃料添加剂，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：六亚甲基四胺10～18份，N-乙酰基咪唑8～16份，对叔丁基邻苯二酚6～14份，聚乙烯醇5～10份，三乙酸甘油酯4～12份，十六烷值改进剂3～11份，燃烧促进剂1～8份；
所述的十六烷值改进剂为4～12重量份硝酸戊酯、2～10重量份己二酸二异壬酯和1～9重量份丙醚的混合物；
所述的燃烧促进剂为5～13重量份碳酸二甲酯、3～11重量份环烷酸和1～9重量份苯甲酸的混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的醇基燃料添加剂，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：六亚甲基四胺12～16份，N-乙酰基咪唑10～14份，对叔丁基邻苯二酚8～12份，聚乙烯醇6～9份，三乙酸甘油酯6～10份，十六烷值改进剂5～9份，燃烧促进剂2～7份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的醇基燃料添加剂，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：六亚甲基四胺14份，N-乙酰基咪唑12份，对叔丁基邻苯二酚10份，聚乙烯醇8份，三乙酸甘油酯8份，十六烷值改进剂7份，燃烧促进剂5份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的醇基燃料添加剂，其特征在于：所述的十六烷值改进剂为8重量份硝酸戊酯、6重量份己二酸二异壬酯和5重量份丙醚的混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的醇基燃料添加剂，其特征在于：所述的燃烧促进剂为9重量份碳酸二甲酯、7重量份环烷酸和5重量份苯甲酸的混合物。
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| CN106957701A (zh) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-07-18 | 太原师范学院 | 醇基液体燃料用添加剂 |
| CN107603681A (zh) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-19 | 广西贝仕特环保科技有限公司 | 一种节能环保燃料添加剂及其制备方法 |
| CN108085074A (zh) * | 2017-11-26 | 2018-05-29 | 花舜 | 一种通用燃油添加剂 |
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