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CN106270479B - A kind of attapulgite-nano silver composite inorganic powder and preparation method - Google Patents

A kind of attapulgite-nano silver composite inorganic powder and preparation method Download PDF

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CN106270479B
CN106270479B CN201510262409.5A CN201510262409A CN106270479B CN 106270479 B CN106270479 B CN 106270479B CN 201510262409 A CN201510262409 A CN 201510262409A CN 106270479 B CN106270479 B CN 106270479B
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attapulgite
nano silver
silver
inorganic powder
composite inorganic
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CN106270479A (en
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刘轶群
史元腾
潘国元
张杨
严昊
郭敏
徐健
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Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of attapulgite-nano silver composite inorganic powder and preparation methods.The mass ratio of silver and attapulgite is 10/100-100/100 in composite powder, and the partial size of nano silver is 3-100nm.Preparation method, which includes: (1), is mixed and made into attapulgite suspension for attapulgite and water;(2) silver nitrate is added in attapulgite suspension described in step (1), is then stirred heat treatment;It (3) will treated that attapulgite suspension is spray-dried to obtain attapulgite clay compounded powder through step (2);(4) attapulgite clay compounded powder made from step (3) is roasted, obtains the composite inorganic powder containing nano silver.Present invention process is simply, silver load capacity is big in composite powder and is firmly combined with attapulgite.

Description

A kind of attapulgite-nano silver composite inorganic powder and preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to composite inorganic powder fields, further say, are to be related to a kind of containing using attapulgite as carrier The composite inorganic powder and preparation method of nano silver particles, the composite inorganic powder can be used as antibacterial additives use.
Background technique
Due to silver have many advantages, such as efficient, safety, wide sterilization spectrum, heat resistance, have no drug resistance with it is highly selective, for a long time with Come, people begin to carry out disinfection using silverware and utensil, and silver ion has high reaction activity, and the antibacterial characteristics of silver ion are logical The interaction for being often attributed to it and mercaptan and carboxylate, phosphate, hydroxyl, imidazole radicals, indoles, amine disturbs microorganism Normal physiology course.But in most of practical applications, using silver ion as antibacterial agent have certain limitation, silver from Son is easy to react and inactivate with biological fluid, and antibacterial mechanisms require certain density silver ion sustained release to come out;No Crossing these limitations can be resolved by nano silver particles.With the emergence and development of nanosecond science and technology, nano silver start into Enter daily life, is widely used in health care and food hygiene field now.
In medical field, such as anti-bacterial fibre and antiseptic dressing of preparation, it is widely used in burn and scald, grafting for burns, nanometer Silver-colored stripping and slicing patch and adhesive bandage with nm silver fabric layer etc.;Antibacterial medical equipment facility such as antibacterial scalpel, tweezers, conduit of preparation etc., The probability of infection is reduced, antibacterial apparatus is widely used.In the living conditions, active carbon loading silver fiber applications are in drinking water Disinfection, it had not only played the activated carbon fibre absorption property excellent to organic matter, but also increased the restraining and sterilizing bacteria of carbon fiber Function promotes extensive use of the activated carbon fibre in drink water purifying.
So many researchers prepare nano silver as antibacterial agent, the preparation of nano silver powder can be divided into physics side Method, chemical method and biological method.
Physical method generally includes spray pyrolysis and ion sputtering process, and this method can directly be prepared from common elemental silver Nano-Ag particles, simple process, purity is higher, but very high to equipment requirement, and time-consuming, and production cost is also higher;Such as Liu Zhi Macro equal (micro-sized spherical silver powder prepared by spray pyrolysis and its pattern control, China YouSe Acta Metallurgica Sinica, in January, 2007 volume 17 the 1st Phase) use spray pyrolysis to prepare silver powder, time enough is only kept in the case where being higher than 600 DEG C, silver nitrate heat could divide completely Solution is converted into metallic silver, and silver granuel diameter is unevenly distributed, and partial size is mostly in 500nm or more;Similar, Zhang etc. (Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater.Sci.Ed.Dec.2009) passes through control nitric acid Concentration, flow and the pressure of spray drying of silver-colored solution, the obtained average grain diameter of spray-wall interaction is under 720 DEG C of furnace temperature The nano silver of 100nm.
Bioanalysis generates the catalyst mechanism of different enzymes by Institute of Micro-biology, carrys out reducing metal ion, prepares nano silver, still Time-consuming low yield, the partial size and pattern of generation are not easy to control, and the source of raw material is extremely limited.
Chemical method is the most popular method for preparing nano silver at present, it mainly in the liquid phase, uses reducing agent appropriate Such as boron hydride, hydrazine hydrate, sodium citrate, aminated compounds, glucose, ascorbic acid, hydrogen peroxide, aldehyde compound are by Ag+It is reduced into Ag0, by growing the method for obtaining nano silver.Nano silver made from this method is easy to reunite, therefore need to often be added appropriate steady Determine agent such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), dodecyl sodium sulfate, poly- second Glycol, polyacrylamide (PAM) etc. reduce the reunion degree of Argent grain.
In order to improve the antibacterial effect and dispersibility of nano silver, usually by nano-silver loaded on different carriers, as Antibacterial additives come using.The carrier for carrying silver is usually the inorganic mineral of meso-hole structure, including zeolite, galapectite, sepiolite, Jie Hole silica, attapulgite etc..Wherein attapulgite is the nanoparticle of porous structure, and main component is that palygorskite is (recessed Convex stick stone), it is a kind of aqueous rich magnesium silicate clay mineral with chain layer structure.Its skeleton structure is in 3 D stereo shape, It is connected with each other by oxygen-octahedron and magnalium octahedron by sharing vertex, is parallel to brilliant (needle-shaped, the micro- stick of stick with numerous Shape or fibrous monocrystal) direction arrangement tubular nanometer grade duct, total is run through in duct, from the section duct Shang Kan in big Small equal (about 0.38nm × 0.63nm) honeycomb, belongs to natural monodimension nanometer material, has good absorption property and inexpensive, It is ideal carrier material, therefore causes the attention of scholar and research structure.If Chinese patent CN1568703A is in table Under the conditions of face activating agent and organic reducing agent are existing, chemically reacted using attapulgite as carrier with silver nitrate solution to be formed it is compound Antibacterial agent;Similar, Chinese patent CN1685830A is immersed in zeolite powder in silver nitrate solution, so that silver ion is abundant It is adsorbed in the hole of zeolite, it is nano silver that hydrazine hydrate is then added under stirring conditions silver ion reduction.
In addition to the method directly restored using reducing agent after above mixing silver nitrate and carrier, Chinese patent CN103329893A is first modified fullerene surface with reducing agent etc., then makes modified fullerene anti-with silver nitrate Fullerene loading nano silvery particle should be prepared;Similar Chinese patent CN103461382A is de- to covering with sulfur-containing amino acid first Soil is modified, then silver ion is supported on modified montmorillonoid interlayer by ion exchange, turns silver ion by ultraviolet irradiation Become nano silver, obtains silver-carrying modified montmorillonite antibacterial agent.
Chemical reduction method prepares carrying silver antimicrobials, usually has high requirements to the purity of carrier, surface nature etc., and Also to be dispersed and be adjusted the processing of pH value before addition silver nitrate solution to carrier solution.In order to reduce between Nano silver grain Mutually reunite, considerable amount of surfactant to be also added in reduction process, in finally also falling by continuous eccentric cleaning The reducing agent and surfactant of face remnants, preparation process is complicated, and long preparation period limits its large-scale production application. The content of nanometer silver of such method supported on carriers is very low, leads to antibacterial antiplaque agent effect not and be very well, remaining in antibacterial agent Reducing agent and surfactant are applied to have a great impact.
Summary of the invention
To solve the carrying silver antimicrobials problem in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of attapulgite-nano silvers Composite inorganic powder and preparation method.The present inventor is had found by many experiments, is original with cheap attapulgite and silver nitrate Material, without adding any reducing agent, will be spray-dried after powder the load can be obtained in 200-500 DEG C of calcination process The attapulgite clay compounded inorganic powder of nano silver.Present invention process is simple, environmentally protective.It avoids and traditional prepares carrying nano silver Attapulgite clay compounded inorganic powder need first to carry out pickling and in the suspension of silver nitrate and attapulgite to attapulgite Complex process steps of the chemical reducing agent by silver nitrate reduction for elemental silver are added, and reduce environmental pollution.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of attapulgite-nano silver composite inorganic powder.
Wherein the mass ratio of silver and attapulgite is 10/100-100/100, and preferred mass ratio is 30/100-80/100, is received The particle size range of meter Yin is 3-100nm.
The attapulgite is in rodlike or fibrous structure and with hollow nanoscale duct, the stick of attapulgite For brilliant diameter between 30-80nm, draw ratio is generally higher than 10;There is the nano silver of partial size 3-100nm in attapulgite's surface load Particle, for nano-Ag particles to be spherical, the mass ratio of attapulgite and nano silver is 10/100-100/100.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of attapulgite-nano silver composite inorganic powder.Include:
(1) attapulgite and water are hybridly prepared into attapulgite suspension;The attapulgite be preferably thermal activation and The attapulgite of decentralized processing is not necessarily to acid treatment step.Method of roasting can be used in the thermal activation treatment, wherein maturing temperature Preferably 200-450 DEG C, calcining time is preferably 5-60min;Concave convex rod soil mass concentration is in the attapulgite suspension No more than 10%;The decentralized processing of the attapulgite can use conventional method in the prior art, such as: ultrasonic disperse, Mechanical stirring dispersion (such as ball milling dispersion, high-speed stirred dispersion) etc..
(2) silver nitrate is added in attapulgite suspension described in step (1), is then stirred heat treatment;Institute The mass ratio for stating silver nitrate and attapulgite is 17/100-170/100, and preferred mass ratio is 50/100-135/100;The heat Treatment temperature is 50 DEG C or more, and preferably 50-90 DEG C, the heat treatment time is 1h or more.
It (3) will treated that attapulgite suspension is spray-dried to obtain attapulgite clay compounded powder through step (2); The temperature of the spray drying is preferably 150-250 DEG C, and further preferably 150-200 DEG C.
(4) attapulgite clay compounded powder made from step (3) is roasted, obtains the composite inorganic powder containing nano silver End;Wherein, the roasting can be conventional method of roasting, such as by attapulgite clay compounded powder in Muffle kiln roasting, the roasting Burning temperature is 200-500 DEG C;Maturing temperature is excessively high to make attapulgite duct collapse so as to cause adsorption capacity variation, and is easy Attapulgite is caused to be reunited, temperature is too low, is unable to get nano silver simple substance.The calcining time is 5min or more, preferably 5- 180min;The partial size of nano silver particles of the roasting back loading in attapulgite's surface is 3-100nm.
After being stirred silver nitrate and attapulgite at a certain temperature in the present invention, the side by spray drying is needed Formula obtains composite powder to be roasted.Using other such as filterings and the method dry with convection oven, it can not obtain and spray The dry identical technical effect of mist.Without wishing to be bound by theory, inventors believe that it is recessed preparing nano silver of the invention During convex stick soil composite powder, attapulgite suspension and silver nitrate solution are mixed and pass through heating stirring, can be promoted recessed Carbanion in convex stick soil in carbonate, which dissolves and reacts generation silver carbonate with silver ion, is adsorbed on attapulgite's surface.? In spray-drying process, unreacted silver nitrate solution and evenly dispersed attapulgite in the solution are in the effect for heating air-flow Under can with further occurrence react generate silver carbonate.Simultaneously because the flash drying effect of drying process with atomizing, unreacted nitre Sour silver solution can be evenly distributed in attapulgite's surface in solid particulate form after the drying, substantially increase connecing for the two Contacting surface product.Silver nitrate solid particle and attapulgite institute carbonate containing can also further occurrences during subsequent baking heat Reaction generates silver carbonate, and silver carbonate can be decomposed into silver-colored simple substance, and concave convex rod is finally equably supported in the form of nano silver Native surface.
Then the present invention is spray-dried by the way that attapulgite and silver nitrate solution to be uniformly mixed, most laggard Row roasting, is prepared using attapulgite as the attapulgite of carrier-nano silver composite inorganic powder.
Following technical scheme specifically can be used in the present invention:
(1) attapulgite and water are mixed and made into attapulgite suspension;
(2) silver nitrate is added in attapulgite suspension described in step (1), is then stirred heat treatment;
It (3) will treated that attapulgite suspension is spray-dried to obtain attapulgite clay compounded powder through step (2);
(4) by attapulgite clay compounded powder made from step (3) in Muffle kiln roasting, the compound nothing containing nano silver is obtained Machine powder;
Attapulgite described in step (1) is preferably the attapulgite of thermal activation and decentralized processing, the thermal activation treatment Roasting method can be used, maturing temperature is 200-450 DEG C, calcining time 5-60min;Concave convex rod in the attapulgite suspension The mass concentration of soil is no more than 10%;The decentralized approach of the attapulgite can use common side in the prior art Method, such as: ultrasonic wave dispersion, mechanical stirring dispersion (such as ball milling dispersion, high-speed stirred dispersion) etc..Nitre described in step (2) The mass ratio of sour silver and attapulgite is 17/100-170/100;The heat treatment temperature is 50-90 DEG C, when the heat treatment Between be 1h or more.
The temperature of spray drying described in step (3) is 150-250 DEG C, preferably 150-200 DEG C;
Step (4) the middle Muffle furnace maturing temperature is 200-500 DEG C;The calcining time is 5-180min;The roasting Burning back loading in the nano silver particles partial size of attapulgite's surface is 3-100nm.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention is embodied in:
Attapulgite is natural monodimension nanometer material, has very big specific surface area, absorption property and chemical reactivity Equal nano effects, allow the nano silver formed after roasting to be firmly adsorbed on attapulgite's surface, in this way in attapulgite Surface forms equally distributed nanoscale Argent grain.It can also be with although being decomposed silver nitrate by the method that directly heats calcining Nano silver simple substance is obtained, but its decomposition temperature is high, energy consumption is high, and the nano silver particles of preparation are easy to happen reunion, and partial size compares Greatly.By heating stirring, then then spray drying exists so that carbonate contained by inside silver nitrate and attapulgite sufficiently reacts It can be prepared by nano silver lower than roasting under silver nitrate decomposition temperature, not only avoid using reducing agent or other chemical reaction bands The environmental pollution come, and the decomposition temperature of silver carbonate is relatively low, and roasting produces silver-colored simple substance at relatively low temperatures, Silver-colored simple substance is uniformly adsorbed on attapulgite's surface in the form of nano silver, and this nano silver for being adsorbed on attapulgite's surface is living Property is very big, can slowly release the silver ion with antibacterial effect, and nano-Ag particles are firmly combined with attapulgite.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: attapulgite-nano silver composite inorganic powder transmission electron microscope photo prepared by embodiment 10.
Fig. 2: attapulgite-nano silver composite inorganic powder XRD spectra prepared by embodiment 10.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
In embodiment it is raw materials used be it is commercially available, in embodiment attapulgite draw ratio used is greater than 10, and single stick is brilliant Diameter is between 30-80nm.
The present invention is by using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) to prepared concave convex rod Soil-nano silver composite inorganic powder is characterized.
Attapulgite thermal activation and decentralized processing are as follows:
A certain amount of attapulgite is put into Muffle furnace, roasts 30min at 400 DEG C;By above-mentioned roasting bumps Stick soil is put into ball mill, at 500 rpm ball milling 3h;The attapulgite of a certain amount of above-mentioned processing is weighed, is matched after distilled water is added The suspension that attapulgite mass concentration is 5%, first mechanical stirring 1h, then ultrasonication 30min is made;Then it will handle well Suspension be centrifuged at 12000r/min by centrifuge;Finally discard supernatant liquor to get thermal activation and dispersion at The attapulgite of reason.
Embodiment 1
The a certain amount of attapulgite (AT) through thermal activation and decentralized processing is weighed, being configured to attapulgite mass concentration is 1% water slurry, then by silver nitrate solution (AgNO3/ AT=17/100) it is added in attapulgite suspension, at 50 DEG C Under, magnetic agitation 1h, then attapulgite suspension is spray-dried at 200 DEG C, it collects spray-dried obtained multiple Powder is closed, it is multiple to get attapulgite-nano silver that obtained composite powder is finally roasted to 30min in Muffle furnace at 500 DEG C Close inorganic powder.
Composite powder obtained after above-mentioned spray-dried composite powder obtained and roasting is subjected to X-ray diffraction respectively (XRD) it characterizes, is as a result listed in table 1, the particle size range of nano silver is 3-100nm.
Embodiment 2
In addition to the temperature of magnetic agitation is adjusted to 70 DEG C after mix silver nitrate solution and attapulgite suspension, Qi Tagong Skill step is same as Example 1, and characterization result is listed in table 1, and the particle size range of nano silver is 3-100nm.
Embodiment 3
In addition to the temperature of magnetic agitation is adjusted to 90 DEG C after mix silver nitrate solution and attapulgite suspension, Qi Tagong Skill step and characterizing method are same as Example 1, and characterization result is listed in table 1, and the particle size range of nano silver is 3-100nm.
Comparative example 1
In addition to the temperature of magnetic agitation is adjusted to room temperature after mix silver nitrate solution and attapulgite suspension, Qi Tagong Skill step and characterizing method are same as Example 1, and characterization result is listed in table 1.
Composite powder characterization result prepared by composite powder prepared by embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1 is listed in table 1.
Table 1
From table 1 it follows that attapulgite suspension is mixed only with silver nitrate solution under conditions of being higher than room temperature It carries out, the composite powder containing simple-substance nano silvery can just be prepared.
Embodiment 4
The a certain amount of attapulgite through thermal activation and decentralized processing is weighed, it is dense that addition distilled water is configured to attapulgite quality The suspension that degree is 10%, then silver nitrate solution (AgNO3/ AT=170/100) it is added in attapulgite suspension, 60 At DEG C, 1h is stirred, then attapulgite suspension is spray-dried in 150 DEG C, collects spray-dried composite powder obtained End, finally by obtained composite powder in 200 DEG C of roasting 10min to get attapulgite-nano silver composite inorganic powder.
Composite powder obtained after above-mentioned spray-dried composite powder obtained and roasting is carried out X-ray respectively to spread out (XRD) characterization is penetrated, table 2 is as a result listed in, the particle size range of nano silver is 3-100nm.
Embodiment 5
In addition to the time of magnetic agitation is adjusted to 2h after mix silver nitrate solution and attapulgite suspension, other techniques Step is same as Example 4 with characterizing method, and characterization result is listed in table 2, and the particle size range of nano silver is 3-100nm.
Comparative example 2
Except by silver nitrate solution and attapulgite suspension, after mixing without heating magnetic agitation, Direct spraying is dry Dry outer, other processing steps and characterizing method are same as Example 4, and characterization result is listed in table 2.
Comparative example 3
It is other in addition to the time of magnetic agitation is adjusted to 30min after mix silver nitrate solution and attapulgite suspension Processing step is same as Example 4 with characterizing method, and characterization result is listed in table 2.
Composite powder characterization result prepared by embodiment 4-5 and comparative example 2-3 is listed in table 2.
Table 2
From Table 2, it can be seen that if other conditions are the same, mixing time is more than that 1h can guarantee finally to prepare Obtain the composite powder containing nano silver.
Embodiment 6
The a certain amount of attapulgite through thermal activation and decentralized processing is weighed, is configured to attapulgite quality after distilled water is added The suspension that concentration is 5%, then silver nitrate solution (AgNO3/ AT=135/100) it is added in attapulgite suspension, At 90 DEG C, magnetic agitation 3h, then attapulgite suspension is spray-dried in 170 DEG C, it collects spray-dried obtained Composite powder, finally by obtained composite powder in 200 DEG C of roasting 15min to get attapulgite-nano silver composite inorganic powder End.
Composite powder obtained after above-mentioned spray-dried composite powder obtained and roasting is carried out X-ray respectively to spread out (XRD) characterization is penetrated, table 3 is as a result listed in, the particle size range of nano silver is 3-100nm.
Embodiment 7
Except will spray drying after powder maturing temperature be adjusted to 300 DEG C in addition to, other processing steps are same as Example 6; Characterizing method is same as Example 1, is as a result listed in table 3, and the particle size range of nano silver is 3-100nm.
Embodiment 8
Except will spray drying after powder maturing temperature be adjusted to 400 DEG C in addition to, other processing steps are same as Example 6; Characterizing method is same as Example 1, is as a result listed in table 3, and the particle size range of nano silver is 3-100nm.
Embodiment 9
Except will spray drying after powder maturing temperature be adjusted to 500 DEG C in addition to, other processing steps are same as Example 6, Characterization result is listed in table 3;Characterizing method is same as Example 1, is as a result listed in table 3, and the particle size range of nano silver is 3-100nm.
Comparative example 4
Except will spray drying after powder maturing temperature be adjusted to 150 DEG C in addition to, other processing steps are same as Example 6; Characterizing method is same as Example 1, is as a result listed in table 3.
Composite inorganic Powder characterization result prepared by embodiment 6-8 and comparative example 4 is listed in table 3.
Table 3
From table 3 it is observed that if other conditions are the same, maturing temperature, which reaches 200 DEG C or more, to be made It is standby to obtain nano silver composite powder of the invention.
Embodiment 10
The a certain amount of attapulgite through thermal activation and decentralized processing is weighed, is configured to attapulgite quality after distilled water is added The suspension that concentration is 3%, then silver nitrate solution (AgNO3/ AT=50/100) it is added in attapulgite suspension, 70 At DEG C, magnetic agitation 2h, then attapulgite suspension is spray-dried at 170 DEG C, after collection is spray-dried Obtained composite powder is roasted 5min at 350 DEG C finally to get attapulgite-nano silver composite inorganic powder by composite powder End.
Composite powder obtained after above-mentioned spray-dried composite powder obtained and roasting is subjected to transmitted electron respectively Microscope (TEM) characterizes (as shown in Figure 1) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization (as shown in Figure 2), is as a result listed in table 4, nano silver Particle size range be 3-100nm.
Embodiment 11
Except will it is spray-dried after powder calcining time be adjusted to 20min in addition to, other processing steps and characterizing method are equal Same as in Example 10, characterization result is listed in table 4, and the particle size range of nano silver is 3-100nm.
Embodiment 12
Except will it is spray-dried after powder calcining time be adjusted to 60min in addition to, other processing steps and characterizing method are equal Same as in Example 10, characterization result is listed in table 4, and the particle size range of nano silver is 3-100nm.
Embodiment 13
Except will it is spray-dried after powder calcining time be adjusted to 180min in addition to, other processing steps and characterizing method are equal Same as in Example 10, characterization result is listed in table 4, and the particle size range of nano silver is 3-100nm.
Comparative example 5
Except will it is spray-dried after powder calcining time be adjusted to 2min in addition to, other processing steps and characterizing method with Embodiment 10 is identical, and characterization result is listed in table 4.
Composite powder characterization result prepared by embodiment 10-13 and comparative example 5 is listed in table 4.
Table 4
As can be seen from Table 4, calcining time is more than that nano silver composite powder of the invention can be obtained in 5min.
Embodiment 14
In addition to silver nitrate and attapulgite mass ratio are adjusted to 135:100, other processing steps and characterizing method are equal Same as Example 1, characterization result is listed in table 5, and the particle size range of nano silver is 3-100nm.
Comparative example 6
The a certain amount of attapulgite through thermal activation and decentralized processing is weighed, is configured to attapulgite quality after distilled water is added The suspension that concentration is 1%, is then added to certain density hydrochloric acid solution in above-mentioned attapulgite suspension, room temperature magnetic force Stir 1h, it is ensured that the carbonate contained by inside attapulgite is by hydrochloric acid fully reacting, by the concave convex rod after above-mentioned HCl treatment Attapulgite is configured to the suspension that mass concentration is 1% after soil deionized water eccentric cleaning, then by silver nitrate (AgNO3/ AT=17/100) solution is added drop-wise in attapulgite solution, at 50 DEG C, magnetic agitation 1h, then by attapulgite suspension It is spray-dried at 200 DEG C, the composite powder after being spray-dried is collected, finally by obtained composite powder 500 30min is roasted at DEG C.
Composite powder obtained after above-mentioned spray-dried composite powder obtained and roasting is carried out X-ray respectively to spread out (XRD) characterization is penetrated, table 5 is as a result listed in.
Comparative example 7
Except will it is spray-dried after powder maturing temperature be adjusted to 300 DEG C in addition to, other processing steps and characterizing method are equal Identical as comparative example 6, characterization result is listed in table 5.
Composite powder characterization result prepared by embodiment 14 and comparative example 6-7 is listed in table 5.
Table 5
As can be seen from Table 5, if the attapulgite in the present invention carried out at traditional thermal activation, dispersion and pickling Reason, it will the chemical composition for changing attapulgite, it is compound that nano silver is prepared in the preparation method for leading to not through the invention Powder.
Embodiment 15
The a certain amount of attapulgite through thermal activation and decentralized processing is weighed, is configured to attapulgite quality after distilled water is added The suspension that concentration is 5%, then silver nitrate solution (AgNO3/ AT=135/100) it is added in attapulgite suspension, At 90 DEG C, magnetic agitation 3h, then attapulgite suspension is spray-dried at 170 DEG C, after collection obtains spray drying Composite powder, obtained composite powder is finally roasted into 30min at 500 DEG C.
Composite powder obtained after above-mentioned spray-dried composite powder obtained and roasting is carried out X-ray respectively to spread out (XRD) characterization is penetrated, table 6 is as a result listed in, the particle size range of nano silver is 3-100nm.
Comparative example 8
In addition to directly being roasted after drying the attapulgite suspension after magnetic agitation in 80 DEG C of baking oven, Its processing step and characterizing method are identical as embodiment 15, and characterization result is listed in table 6.
Comparative example 9
In addition to directly being roasted after drying the attapulgite suspension after magnetic agitation in 170 DEG C of baking oven, Other processing steps and characterizing method are identical as embodiment 15, and characterization result is listed in table 6.
Composite powder acquired results prepared by embodiment 15 and comparative example 8-9 are listed in table 6.
Table 6
As can be seen from Table 6, it without spray drying, and after directly mixed solution is dried in an oven, is prepared into Into nano silver composite powder also containing a large amount of unconverted nitric acid silver components, silver nitrate is soluble easily in water, is difficult in the application It is attached together with attapulgite, is easily lost, to influence final application effect.Therefore, in preparation method of the invention Drying process with atomizing be vital for nano silver composite powder is finally prepared.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of attapulgite-nano silver composite inorganic powder preparation method, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
(1) attapulgite and water are mixed and made into attapulgite suspension;The matter of attapulgite in the attapulgite suspension Measuring concentration is no more than 10%;
(2) silver nitrate is added in attapulgite suspension described in step (1), is then stirred heat treatment;The nitre The mass ratio of sour silver and attapulgite is 50/100-135/100;The heat treatment temperature is 50 DEG C or more, when the heat treatment Between be 1h or more;
It (3) will treated that attapulgite suspension is spray-dried to obtain attapulgite clay compounded powder through step (2);
(4) attapulgite clay compounded powder made from step (3) is roasted, obtains the composite inorganic powder containing nano silver;Its In, maturing temperature is 200-500 DEG C, and calcining time is 5min or more;Nanometer of the roasting back loading in attapulgite's surface The partial size of silver particles is 3-100nm.
2. attapulgite as described in claim 1-nano silver composite inorganic powder preparation method, it is characterised in that: step (1) in, the attapulgite is the attapulgite by thermal activation and decentralized processing.
3. attapulgite as claimed in claim 2-nano silver composite inorganic powder preparation method, it is characterised in that: step (1) in, the thermal activation uses method of roasting, wherein maturing temperature is 200-450 DEG C, calcining time 5-60min.
4. attapulgite as described in claim 1-nano silver composite inorganic powder preparation method, it is characterised in that: described Heat treatment temperature is 50-90 DEG C.
5. attapulgite as described in claim 1-nano silver composite inorganic powder preparation method, it is characterised in that: described The temperature of spray drying is 150-250 DEG C.
6. attapulgite as described in claim 1-nano silver composite inorganic powder preparation method, it is characterised in that: described The calcining time of step (4) is 5-180min.
7. attapulgite made from the preparation method as described in any one of claim 1-6-nano silver composite inorganic powder.
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