A kind of combine harvester for garlic
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural machinery technological fields, and in particular to it is a kind of with cut root, cut seedling, garlic seedling crushing function it is big
Garlic combine harvester.
Background technique
China is that most important garlic producing country and exported country, cultivated area account for 60% or more of world's gross area in the world,
Annual output accounts for 70% of Gross World Product or more.However, the harvest process of China garlic substantially still traditional artificial plane dig,
Artificial to pick up, large labor intensity, efficiency of crop is low, high production cost, and damages, loses seriously.Artificial harvest has been unable to satisfy
The requirement of large-scale planting, the peasant in vast plantation garlic area and agriculture authorities, an urgent demand solve garlic production process
In mechanized harvest problem.
The states such as America and Europe are achieved that garlic harvesting early in late 1960s, and harvest machinery is with combined harvester
It is in the majority, combined harvester again based on towed, it is in the majority with wheel tractor chassis, based on hydraulic-driven.Than more typical
There are France, Hispanic bundling formula and cuts seedling formula combined harvester, the U.S., Canadian segmented combined harvester.The U.S. and
Canadian segmented combined harvester, which generallys use, cuts the harvest technologies such as seedling, excavation, laying, pickup, cut seedling, excavate laying and
It picks up and is usually completed by different equipment.Typical garlic digging harvester has: French RL1 type, RL2 type garlic bundling cropper and
RE1 type, RE3 type, RE4 type, RE5 type garlic cut seedling cropper;The GW4400 type garlic in the U.S. excavates swathmaker and GL2400 type
Garlic collecting machine.Because there is very big difference in operating environment and harvesting approach and China, and it is at high price, it is difficult to adapt to domestic
Actual demand.
Some researchs have also been made in the country, but generally existing harvest effect is poor, hurts the disadvantages of garlic rate is high, really promotes and applies
Seldom, the expansion of planting garlic area and the enthusiasm at planting garlic family are seriously constrained.
In terms of the document inquired both at home and abroad, the typical structure of garlic digging harvester at present are as follows: containing be located at front end of rack a left side,
Right digger blade, and it is located at the left and right nearside divider of digger blade two sides;It is to extend to above left and right digger blade from the front to the back
The left and right clamping carrier chain of rear end of rack;Left and right carrier chain is respectively formed winding, and neighbouring side is clamping of the joint;Under the middle part of rack
Seedlings device is cut equipped with alignment chain in side;The rear end of rack is equipped with rice seedlings transplanter.In operation, when harvester row into when, the excavation of front end
Shovel excavates garlic, and clamping carrier chain clamping garlic seedling conveys backward, and alignment chain is passed through for garlic in lower section in the middle part of carrier chain
Alignment is cut, and the continuation of garlic seedling is transported to conveying chain end backward, garlic seedling of dishing out.Also before thering is part document to propose using rack is located at
The digger blade of section, cuts root while excavating garlic fruit, but due to Garlic Growth depth and not of uniform size, it is difficult to ensure that root
Accurately cut off.
According to the applicant understood, existing garlic digging harvester has two: first is that the resistance that moves ahead in mining process is excessive;Two
It is that garlic root cannot must effectively remove after harvesting.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is there are the feelings of garlic root palpus poor removal effect for current garlic digging harvester
Condition, to solve the above problems, providing a kind of combine harvester for garlic.
The object of the present invention is achieved in the following manner:
A kind of combine harvester for garlic, including rack are equipped at least one set of clamping conveying device, clamping conveying in rack
Device is equipped with nearside divider, and digger blade is located at below the middle part of clamping conveying device, is also equipped with root cutting device in rack, cuts root
Device is located at below the middle part of every group of clamping conveying device, and root cutting device is equipped on one end of clamping conveying device and cuts seedling
Blade.
Clear native hairbrush is also equipped in the rack, hairbrush is located at the two sides of every group of longitudinal direction clamping conveyer belts.
The skin including two longitudinal clamping conveyer belts relatively rotated, interlaced arrangement of every group of clamping conveying device
Band wheel and roll-setting gear, one is long and the other is short for two clamping conveyer belts.
The root cutting device includes horizontal clamping conveyer belts and clamping equal division device, clamping equal division device control garlic fruit folder
Device is held, garlic fruit clamping device lower end, which is equipped with, cuts root pallet and root cutter piece.
The horizontal component velocity of the clamping conveying device is identical as the speed of horizontal clamping conveyer belts.
The garlic fruit clamping device includes the Oscillating lever bearing seat coaxial with horizontal clamping conveyer belts belt pulley, Oscillating lever bearing
It is consolidated with swing rod I on seat, swing rod II is sleeved in swing rod I, and swing rod I and swing rod II are bolted, and is equipped on swing rod II
Clamp equal division device, II other end of swing rod be equipped with folder garlic wheel, folder garlic wheel be cone type, folder garlic wheel side on be machined with to
A few groove matched with garlic fruit shape shape.
The clamping equal division device includes bracket, and guide rail II is equipped on bracket, is set with spring and cunning on guide rail II
Block, bracket include the fixed bracket of the fixed bracket of guide rail end and guide rail front end, and spring is located at the fixed bracket of guide rail end and sliding block
Between, hinged there are two divided device connecting rod on sliding block, the other end and swing rod II of two divided device connecting rods are hinged.
The described root supporting plate front end of cutting is set as bell mouth shape, and upper surface is arranged to and tangent flat of garlic fruit bottom ellipsoid
Sliding rectilinear orbit, and in the intermediate opening guide groove that a width is arranged and is greater than the entire root diameter of garlic fruit;Cut root splint upper surface
It is close to folder garlic wheel lower surface, cuts root supporting plate lower surface and be close to root cutter disk upper surface.
The rear end of rack is equipped with riser guide I, and clamping is equipped with garlic seedling conveying device below conveying device rear end,
Garlic fruit conveying device is installed below root cutting device.
Compared with the existing technology, the present invention can install on the rack and cut seedling root cutting device, ensure that the seedling and root of garlic
The removal of palpus, and removal efficiency is high, and the present invention can install appropriate number of seedling of cutting on the rack according to the actual situation and cut
Root device reduces the power output of device, simplifies the structure of device, and structure of the invention is rationally easily fabricated.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is one of schematic structural view of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the two of schematic structural view of the invention.
Fig. 3 is clamping conveying device structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is root cutting device structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is to cut seedling root cutting device structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is one group of clamping conveying device and cuts seedling root cutting device structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is equal part clamping device structural schematic diagram.
Wherein, 1 is digger blade;2 be nearside divider;3 be relieving tool post;4 be square steel I;5 be hairbrush;6 be support frame I;7 be to connect
Extension bar I;8 be roll adjustment bracket II;9 be roll adjustment bracket I;10 be bolt;11 be follower shaft support;12 be horizontal clamping conveying
Band;13 be connector II;14 be two-groove belt pulley II;15 be seedling-cutting knife piece;16 be swing rod I;18 be swing rod II;19 be folder garlic
Wheel;20 be root cutter disk;21 be to cut root supporting plate;22 be horizontal bracket;23 be bracket;24 be garlic fruit clamper bearing block;25 are
Guide rail end fixes bracket;26 be divided device connecting rod;27 be spring;28 be guide rail II;29 be sliding block.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 7, a kind of combine harvester for garlic, including rack is equipped with nearside divider 2 and digger blade in rack
1, at least one set of clamping conveying device is installed in the rack and cuts seedling root cutting device, rear end of rack is equipped with the conveying of garlic seedling
Device and garlic fruit conveying device, are also equipped with total output device in rack, total output device respectively with clamping conveying device, clear soil
Device, cut seedling root cutting device, garlic seedling conveying device is connected with garlic fruit conveying device.
The rack includes mounting rack, two support frames I 6 and relieving tool post 3, and mounting rack rear end is provided with solid with tractor
The port connect;Mounting rack front end is provided with two guide rails I, and guide rail I is vertically fixed on mounting rack, installs on each guide rail I
There are two linear bearing of usheing to seat, linear bearing of each usheing to seat is affixed by bolt and connecting plate, and connecting plate passes through bolt and two
Support frame I 6 is affixed, and two support frames I 6 are one on the other;Mounting rack lower end is machined with through-hole, and pin shaft, perching knife are equipped in through-hole
Frame 3 is connect with mounting rack by pin shaft, and 3 front end of relieving tool post is equipped with digger blade 1, and digger blade 1 is located at clamping conveying device front end
Underface.
The clamping conveying device includes support frame II, follower shaft support 11, follower shaft, driven wheel, driving wheel
Axis support, drive sprocket axle, driving wheel, belt etc.;Support frame II includes square steel I 4, side rigid II, and follower shaft support 11 is inserted into
Square steel I 4, rigid II front tube in side are intracavitary, can be moved forward and backward along tube wall;Through-hole II, driven wheel are machined in follower shaft support 11
Axis passes through through-hole II and is mounted in follower shaft support 11;Roll adjustment dress is provided between square steel I 4, side rigid II and follower shaft
It sets;Roll-setting gear includes the roll adjustment bracket I 9 on square steel and the roll adjustment bracket II 8 in follower shaft support 11, roll adjustment
It is machined with through-hole I on bracket I 9, bolt 10 is installed in through-hole I, the end of bolt 10 is contacted with roll adjustment bracket II 8, passes through rotation
Turn the distance between the adjustable roll adjustment bracket I 9 of bolt and roll adjustment bracket II 8, and then adjusts between driven wheel and driving wheel
Center away from;Square steel I 4 and square steel II are arranged in parallel, and one is long and the other is short for square steel I 4 and square steel II, and drive sprocket axle support is mounted on square steel I 1
With the rear end of square steel II, drive sprocket axle is mounted in drive sprocket axle support by rolling bearing units, and the installation of drive sprocket axle lower end is actively
Two-groove belt pulley I is installed in wheel, upper end;Drive pulley drives rotation by the two-groove belt pulley I of drive sprocket axle upper end;Every group driven
Belt is installed on wheel and driving wheel, two belts close on side and are clamping of the joint, and reversely rotate;Follower shaft supports the installation of 11 front ends
There is nearside divider 2;The tension pulley of several interlaced arrangements is installed in clamping conveying device I.
The seedling root cutting device of cutting includes connector I 7, horizontal bracket, garlic fruit clamping equal division device and conveying device II;
Connector I is connected to conveying device II on square steel I and square steel II, and connector I is inserted into 22 lumen of horizontal bracket, connector
I 7 is affixed by bolt with horizontal bracket 22, and horizontal bracket 22 is the square steel III of two parallel side-by-sides;Before two horizontal brackets 22
End is equipped with driven pulley II, and rear end is connected with cutting drive sprocket axle bracket, and cutting drive sprocket axle passes through bearing and bearing block
It is mounted on cutting drive sprocket axle bracket;Horizontal clamping conveyer belts 12, horizontal clamping conveyer belts are installed on the driven wheel of front and back
12, which close on the winding that side is clamping of the joint by two relative rotations, forms;It is provided with above horizontal clamping conveyer belts 12 and cuts seedlings device,
Seedlings device is cut between two horizontal brackets 22, the cutting bearing block supporting plate including connecting two horizontal brackets 22, cutting axis
It holds and is machined with through-hole on a supporting plate, bearing block is installed in through-hole, bearing is installed in bearing block, bearing holder (housing, cover) is mounted in cutting axis
On, cutting axis upper end is equipped with two-groove belt pulley II 14, and cutting axis lower end is equipped with seedling-cutting knife piece 15, and seedling-cutting knife piece 15 passes through spiral shell
Mother is fixed on cutting axis, and seedling-cutting knife piece 15 is circular ring type;Garlic fruit clamping device includes the swing rod coaxial with cutting drive sprocket axle
Bearing block is connected with swing rod I 16 on Oscillating lever bearing seat, and swing rod II 18 is sleeved in swing rod I 16, and swing rod I 16 and swing rod II 18 are logical
It crosses and is bolted, garlic fruit clamping equal division device is installed on swing rod II 18;II 18 other end of swing rod is flange, is equipped on flange
Garlic fruit clamper bearing block, garlic fruit retainer shaft are mounted on garlic fruit clamper bearing block by bearing;In garlic fruit retainer shaft
Portion is equipped with driven synchronous pulley, and active synchronization belt wheel is equipped with below cutting drive sprocket axle upper pendulum bar bearing block, driving and driven same
It walks between belt wheel with synchronous band connection;Garlic fruit retainer shaft lower end is equipped with folder garlic wheel 19, and folder garlic wheel 19 is cone type, presss from both sides garlic
At least one groove matched with garlic fruit shape shape is machined on the side of wheel 19;It includes two folder garlics that every group, which is cut seedling root cutting device,
Wheel 19, two folder garlic wheels 19 are driven by synchronous belt, are rotated synchronously with horizontal clamping conveyer belts 12, during rotation two folders
Groove on garlic wheel 19 is corresponding always;Root cutting device is installed, root cutting device is after cutting seedlings device below folder garlic wheel 19
End;The root cutting device includes cutting root axis, cutting root bearing block, support frame, cutterhead, cut root supporting plate 21 and driving pulley;Cut root
Axis is mounted on by bearing to be cut on root bearing block, is cut root bearing block and is fixed by bolts in support plate, is cut root axis lower end and is equipped with
Drive pulley, upper end are equipped with root cutter disk 20, are equipped with above root cutter disk 20 and cut root supporting plate 21, cut 21 front end of root supporting plate
It is set as bell mouth shape, upper surface is arranged to the smooth linear track tangent with garlic fruit bottom ellipsoid, and in centre setting one
Width is greater than the opening guide groove of the entire root diameter of garlic fruit;It cuts root splint upper surface and is close to folder 19 lower surface of garlic wheel, Qie Gentuo
It is close to 20 upper surface of root cutter disk in 21 lower surface of plate;Every group of two cutting drive sprocket axle upper ends are separately installed with bevel gear I, with
It is mounted on the bevel gear II above cutting bearing block supporting plate on horizontal axis to engage, horizontal axis is mounted on driving wheel by rolling bearing units
It is main power shaft on bracing strut;Every two adjacent seedling root cutting device horizontal axis of cutting is connected by shaft coupling, the horizontal axis of the extreme side by
The driving of total output device.
The clear native device includes connecting plate and hairbrush 5, and hairbrush 5 is mounted on brush axle, and brush axle lower end is equipped with
Two-groove belt pulley II 14, clear soil device are located at below the middle front end of clamping conveying device, and hairbrush 5 is set as front two rows, staggeredly
Arrangement.
The clamping equal division device includes bracket 23, and guide rail II 28 is equipped on bracket 23, is set on guide rail II 28
Spring 27 and sliding block 29, bracket 23 include the fixed bracket of the fixed bracket 25 of guide rail end and guide rail front end, and spring 27 is located at guide rail
Between the fixed bracket 25 in end and sliding block 29, hinged on sliding block 29 there are two divided device connecting rod 26, two divided device connecting rods
26 other end and swing rod II 18 is hinged.
The mounting rack is mounted on tractor.
The garlic seedling conveying device is located at below clamping delivery device tip, cuts above seedling root cutting device, the conveying of garlic seedling
The conveyer belt lateral arrangement of device, power drum are driven by total output device;The garlic fruit conveying device is located at root cutting device
Lower section, lateral arrangement, power drum are driven by total output device.
The garlic digging harvester can disposably complete excavation, extraction conveying, clear soil, alignment to garlic and cut with cutting seedling, garlic fruit
The work such as collect with garlic seedling, when work, nearside divider separates the garlic seedling of the garlic seedling of left and right adjacent rows and harvesting row, meanwhile, digging
Pick shovel carries out operation of loosening the soil to garlic, and longitudinal conveying device clamps garlic seedling, whole garlic uprooped, and conveys backward, defeated
During sending, clear soil device completes the clear native operation of garlic, during being delivered up, when close to cross conveyor, greatly
Garlic is conveyed by cross conveyor, and in transmission process, garlic seedling is cut to conjunction by the seedlings device of cutting of cross conveyor upper end installation
Suitable length, garlic seedling are continued to move up with longitudinal conveying device, are finally fallen in garlic seedling conveying device, are conveyed by garlic seedling
Device is sent out, and garlic is cut off by garlic fruit gripper, garlic root by root cutting device later, and the seedling of cutting of garlic cuts root work completion,
It when being transported to the tail end of cross conveyor, falls in garlic fruit conveying device, garlic fruit is transported to by garlic fruit conveying device and is collected
In device.The collection work of garlic is completed in this way.
In use, cutting seedling root cutting device and can install corresponding quantity according to the actual situation in rack, not only makes in this way
With conveniently, the output of power is also reduced.