CN106251247A - A kind of aggregate quality evaluating method based on sandstone - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009666 routine test Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种以砂岩为主的混凝土骨料质量评价方法，包括以下步骤：1）在人工骨料普查‑详查地质勘察基础上，根据地层柱状实测资料与钻孔揭露特征，计算砂岩及无用夹层含量：2）根据步骤1）中结果及剥离层厚度、地层相对完整、开采条件相对较优，从而确定质量分区；3）根据现场划分的分区，对有用区中骨料开展常规试验、碱活性分析、混凝土性能试验；4）在上述工作的基础上，通过评价料场材料层质量、储量，确定骨料场是否满足工程设计要求。本发明方法可以在短时间内确定质量、储量均完全满足工程设计要求的人工骨料场料源，为后期工程建设节约工期，创造了较高的工程和经济效益，避免了在工程建设中骨料量少或质量不合格而停窝工。
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the quality of concrete aggregate mainly composed of sandstone, which includes the following steps: 1) On the basis of general survey-detailed geological survey of artificial aggregate, according to the columnar measured data of the stratum and the characteristics of the borehole exposure, calculate the sandstone and useless interlayer content: 2) According to the results in step 1) and the thickness of the stripped layer, the formation is relatively complete, and the mining conditions are relatively good, so as to determine the quality division; 3) According to the division of the site, carry out routine tests on the aggregate in the useful area , Alkali activity analysis, concrete performance test; 4) On the basis of the above work, determine whether the aggregate yard meets the engineering design requirements by evaluating the material layer quality and reserves of the stockyard. The method of the invention can determine in a short time the source of the artificial aggregate field whose quality and reserves fully meet the requirements of the engineering design, saves the construction period for the later engineering construction, creates higher engineering and economic benefits, and avoids the need for aggregates in the engineering construction. If the amount of material is small or the quality is unqualified, the work will be stopped.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及工程建设技术，尤其涉及一种以砂岩为主的混凝土骨料质量评价方法。The invention relates to engineering construction technology, in particular to a method for evaluating the quality of concrete aggregate mainly composed of sandstone.
背景技术Background technique
骨料是混凝土中起骨架或填充作用的粒状松散材料，是混凝土的主要原料；料场是混凝土建（构）筑物的“粮仓”，一旦出现“粮荒”往往将给工程建设带来重大影响。近年来，在我国水电工程建设中，因质量、储量、安全、环保、征地等方面不落实，致使工程开工时“缺粮”、施工中“断粮”等现象屡见不鲜，向家坝、锦屏、官地等大型水电站出现过，中小型水电工程更是举不胜举，因而骨料质量问题一直是混凝土骨料料源勘察研究的重中之重。Aggregate is a granular loose material that acts as a skeleton or filling in concrete, and is the main raw material for concrete; the stockyard is the "granary" of concrete buildings (structures), once a "grain shortage" occurs, it will often have a major impact on engineering construction . In recent years, in the construction of hydropower projects in my country, due to the failure to implement quality, reserves, safety, environmental protection, land acquisition, etc., it is not uncommon to see "food shortage" when the project starts, and "food shortage" during construction. Xiangjiaba, Jinping, Large-scale hydropower stations such as Guandi have appeared, and small and medium-sized hydropower projects are too numerous to mention. Therefore, the quality of aggregates has always been the top priority in the investigation and research of concrete aggregate sources.
砂岩是工程建设中常见的天然建筑材料，其作为混凝土骨料往往存在加工性能、潜在碱活性反应等问题，目前以砂岩为主的混凝土骨料质量评价并不系统，从而导致在工程建设中骨料量少或质量不合格而停工、窝工。Sandstone is a common natural building material in engineering construction. As a concrete aggregate, it often has problems such as processing performance and potential alkali activity reaction. At present, the quality evaluation of concrete aggregate mainly composed of sandstone is not systematic, which leads to the construction of concrete aggregates. Due to the small amount of material or the unqualified quality, the work is suspended or suspended.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题在于针对现有技术中的缺陷，提供一种以砂岩为主的混凝土骨料质量评价方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the quality of concrete aggregates mainly based on sandstone in view of the defects in the prior art.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种以砂岩为主的混凝土骨料质量评价方法，包括以下步骤：The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a method for evaluating the quality of concrete aggregate based on sandstone, comprising the following steps:
1）在人工骨料普查-详查地质勘察基础上，根据地层柱状实测资料与钻孔揭露特征，计算砂岩及无用夹层含量：1) On the basis of artificial aggregate general survey-detailed geological survey, according to the columnar measured data of the stratum and the characteristics of drill hole exposure, the content of sandstone and useless interlayers is calculated:
具体如下：details as follows:
1.1）对目标骨料场开展1:100~1:50地层柱状测绘，地层柱状测绘依照以下原则：地层柱状根据岩层走向和基岩露头布置，选择基岩露头较好的部位尽量垂直于岩层走向；1.1) Carry out 1:100~1:50 stratum columnar surveying and mapping on the target aggregate field. The stratum columnar surveying and mapping follows the following principles: the stratum columnar layout is based on the stratum direction and bedrock outcrop, and the part with better bedrock outcrop is selected as perpendicular to the stratum direction as possible. ;
1.2）通过地层柱状测绘，可根据骨料场范围内岩性组合特征，将料场储量范围内含砂岩地层细分为几个亚段，以方便砂岩储量计算；1.2) Through stratum columnar surveying and mapping, according to the characteristics of lithological combination within the scope of the aggregate yard, the sandstone-bearing strata within the scope of the stockyard reserves can be subdivided into several subsections to facilitate the calculation of sandstone reserves;
1.3）根据料场储量范围内含砂岩地层细分，在骨料场勘探钻孔揭露特征揭露骨料场材料层全部岩性，并参考钻孔数字彩色摄像成果统计获得料场岩性占比剖面表，计算砂岩储量；1.3) According to the subdivision of the sandstone-bearing strata within the reserve range of the stockyard, the characteristics of the drilling holes in the aggregate field are revealed to reveal the entire lithology of the material layer in the aggregate field, and the lithology proportion section of the stockyard is obtained by referring to the statistics of the drilling digital color camera results table to calculate sandstone reserves;
2）根据步骤1）中结果及剥离层厚度、地层相对完整、开采条件相对较优，从而确定质量分区；2) According to the results in step 1) and the thickness of the stripped layer, the formation is relatively complete, and the mining conditions are relatively good, so as to determine the quality division;
3）根据现场划分的分区，对有用区中骨料开展常规试验、碱活性分析、混凝土性能试验；3) Carry out routine tests, alkali activity analysis, and concrete performance tests on the aggregates in the useful area according to the division of the site;
3.1）原岩常规试验：根据现场地质情况，按部位、深度、层位、岩性、风化程度选取代表性岩石试样开展矿化分析：包括密度（天然密度、饱和密度、干密度）、单轴抗压强度（饱和单轴抗压强度、干燥单轴抗压强度），并计算软化系数，以检验原岩物理力学性质是否符合工程混凝土用骨料质量技术要求，若干密度＞2.4g/cm3，饱和单轴抗压强度＞40MPa，软化系数＞0.75，硫酸盐级硫化物含量（换算成SO3）＜1%，即认为满足混凝土用人工骨料的质量技术要求；3.1) Routine rock test: According to the geological conditions on site, representative rock samples are selected according to location, depth, layer, lithology, and weathering degree for mineralization analysis: including density (natural density, saturated density, dry density), single Axial compressive strength (saturated uniaxial compressive strength, dry uniaxial compressive strength), and calculate the softening coefficient to test whether the physical and mechanical properties of the original rock meet the technical requirements for aggregate quality for engineering concrete, and some densities > 2.4g/cm 3. Saturated uniaxial compressive strength > 40MPa, softening coefficient > 0.75, sulfate grade sulfide content (converted into SO 3 ) < 1%, it is considered to meet the quality and technical requirements of artificial aggregate for concrete;
3.2）碱活性分析；3.2) Alkali activity analysis;
3.2.1）利用岩相法对骨料碱活性时行初步判断，若矿物成分中含微晶-隐晶质石英、应变石英，即视为具有潜在碱活性危害，转入下步；3.2.1) Use the petrographic method to make a preliminary judgment on the alkali activity of the aggregate. If the mineral composition contains microcrystalline-aphaphatic quartz and strained quartz, it is considered to have potential alkali activity hazards and go to the next step;
3.2.2）利用砂浆棒快速法鉴定骨料的碱-硅酸反应活性，即按DL/T5151－2014《水工混凝土砂石骨料试验规程》要求鉴定碱-硅酸反应类骨料的碱活性，若14天的膨胀率大于0.2%，判定为具有潜在危害性反应的碱活性骨料；若14天的膨胀率介于0.1%-0.2%之间，应延长观测时间至28天，如果膨胀率小于0.2%，判定为不具有潜在危害性反应的碱活性骨料，如果28天膨胀率大于0.2%，判定为具有潜在危害性反应的碱活性骨料；3.2.2) Identify the alkali-silicic acid reactivity of aggregates by using the mortar rod rapid method, that is, identify the alkali-silicic acid reactive aggregates according to the requirements of DL/T5151-2014 "Test Procedures for Sand and Gravel Aggregates in Hydraulic Concrete". Activity, if the 14-day expansion rate is greater than 0.2%, it is judged as an alkali-active aggregate with potentially harmful reactions; if the 14-day expansion rate is between 0.1%-0.2%, the observation time should be extended to 28 days, if If the expansion rate is less than 0.2%, it is judged as an alkali-active aggregate without potentially harmful reactions; if the expansion rate is greater than 0.2% in 28 days, it is judged as an alkali-active aggregate with potentially harmful reactions;
3.2.3）根据碱活性分析结果，开展掺入不同剂量（0%、10%、20％、30％）的粉煤灰抑制碱骨料反应试验，最终确定粉煤灰在混凝土胶凝材料中掺量，即该掺量下，可有效地抑制骨料潜在的混凝土碱-骨料反应；3.2.3) According to the results of the alkali activity analysis, carry out the experiment of inhibiting the alkali-aggregate reaction with fly ash mixed with different doses (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%), and finally determine that the fly ash in the concrete cementitious material Dosage, that is, at this dosage, the potential concrete alkali-aggregate reaction of aggregate can be effectively inhibited;
3.3）混凝土性能试验：对于有用区中砂岩中的无用夹层（即饱和抗压强度低于40MPa的岩石），开展砂岩骨料中掺不同比例无用夹层混凝土抗压强度试验，从而确定砂岩骨料中无用夹层掺入量，即该掺入量下，混凝土强度满足C30及以下标号要求；3.3) Concrete performance test: For the useless interlayer in the sandstone in the useful area (that is, the rock with a saturated compressive strength lower than 40MPa), carry out the compressive strength test of the sandstone aggregate mixed with different proportions of the useless interlayer concrete, so as to determine the sandstone aggregate. Addition amount of useless interlayer, that is, under this amount, the concrete strength meets the requirements of C30 and below;
4）在上述工作的基础上，通过评价料场材料层质量、储量，确定骨料场是否满足工程设计要求。4) On the basis of the above work, determine whether the aggregate yard meets the engineering design requirements by evaluating the material layer quality and reserves of the stockyard.
本发明产生的有益效果是：采用本发明的人工骨料的料场质量评价方法，用于指导水利工程的人工骨料场备用料源勘察，可以在短时间内确定质量、储量均完全满足工程设计要求的人工骨料场料源，为后期工程建设节约工期，创造了较高的工程和经济效益。避免了在工程建设中骨料量少或质量不合格而停工、窝工。The beneficial effect produced by the present invention is: adopting the artificial aggregate stockyard quality evaluation method of the present invention can be used to guide the investigation of artificial aggregate field spare material sources of water conservancy projects, and the quality and reserves can be determined in a short time to fully meet the requirements of the project. The material source of the artificial aggregate field required by the design saves the construction period for the later engineering construction and creates higher engineering and economic benefits. It avoids the stoppage and idle work caused by the small amount of aggregate or unqualified quality in the construction of the project.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, in the accompanying drawing:
图1是本发明实施例的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例的分段地层中不同砂岩含量统计表；Fig. 2 is the statistical table of different sandstone contents in the segmented formation of the embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例的钻孔剖面上岩芯示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the rock core on the drilling section of an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例的钻孔数字彩色摄像成果解析图；Fig. 4 is the analysis diagram of the drilling digital color imaging result of the embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明实施例的料场岩性占比剖面统计表。Fig. 5 is a statistics table of the lithology proportion profile of the stockyard according to the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.
如图1所示，一种以砂岩为主的混凝土骨料质量评价方法，包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 1, a sandstone-based concrete aggregate quality evaluation method includes the following steps:
1）在人工骨料普查-详查地质勘察基础上，根据地层柱状实测资料与钻孔揭露特征，计算砂岩及无用夹层含量：1) On the basis of artificial aggregate general survey-detailed geological survey, according to the columnar measured data of the stratum and the characteristics of drill hole exposure, the content of sandstone and useless interlayers is calculated:
具体如下：details as follows:
1.1）对目标骨料场开展1:100~1:50地层柱状测绘，地层柱状测绘依照以下原则：地层柱状根据岩层走向和基岩露头布置，选择基岩露头较好的部位尽量垂直于岩层走向；1.1) Carry out 1:100~1:50 stratum columnar surveying and mapping on the target aggregate field. The stratum columnar surveying and mapping follows the following principles: the stratum columnar layout is based on the stratum direction and bedrock outcrop, and the part with better bedrock outcrop is selected as perpendicular to the stratum direction as possible. ;
1.2）通过地层柱状测绘，可根据骨料场范围内岩性组合特征，将料场储量范围内含砂岩地层细分为几个亚段，以方便砂岩储量计算；1.2) Through stratum columnar surveying and mapping, according to the characteristics of lithological combination within the scope of the aggregate yard, the sandstone-bearing strata within the scope of the stockyard reserves can be subdivided into several subsections to facilitate the calculation of sandstone reserves;
分段表如图2所示；The segmentation table is shown in Figure 2;
1.3）根据骨料场勘探钻孔揭露特征揭露骨料场材料层全部岩性，并参考钻孔数字彩色摄像成果统计获得料场岩性占比剖面表，计算砂岩储量；1.3) According to the characteristics of aggregate field exploration drill hole disclosure, all lithology of the aggregate field material layer is revealed, and the lithology proportion profile table of the stock field is obtained by referring to the statistics of the drilling digital color camera results, and the sandstone reserves are calculated;
钻孔剖面上岩芯示意图和钻孔数字彩色摄像成果解析图如图3和图4所示；The schematic diagram of the core on the drilling profile and the analysis results of the digital color camera of the drilling are shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4;
料场岩性占比剖面统计表如图5所示；Figure 5 shows the statistical table of the lithology proportion section of the stockyard;
2）根据步骤1）中结果及剥离层厚度、地层相对完整、开采条件相对较优，从而确定质量分区；2) According to the results in step 1) and the thickness of the stripped layer, the formation is relatively complete, and the mining conditions are relatively good, so as to determine the quality division;
3）根据现场划分的分区，对有用区中骨料开展常规试验、碱活性分析、混凝土性能试验；3) Carry out routine tests, alkali activity analysis, and concrete performance tests on the aggregates in the useful area according to the division of the site;
3.1）原岩常规试验：根据现场地质情况，按部位、深度、层位、岩性、风化程度选取代表性岩石试样开展矿化分析：包括密度（天然密度、饱和密度、干密度）、单轴抗压强度（饱和单轴抗压强度、干燥单轴抗压强度），并计算软化系数，以检验原岩物理力学性质是否符合工程混凝土用骨料质量技术要求，若干密度＞2.4g/cm3，饱和单轴抗压强度＞40MPa，软化系数＞0.75，硫酸盐级硫化物含量（换算成SO3）＜1%，即认为满足混凝土用人工骨料的质量技术要求；3.1) Routine rock test: According to the geological conditions on site, representative rock samples are selected according to location, depth, layer, lithology, and weathering degree for mineralization analysis: including density (natural density, saturated density, dry density), single Axial compressive strength (saturated uniaxial compressive strength, dry uniaxial compressive strength), and calculate the softening coefficient to test whether the physical and mechanical properties of the original rock meet the technical requirements for aggregate quality for engineering concrete, and some densities > 2.4g/cm 3. Saturated uniaxial compressive strength > 40MPa, softening coefficient > 0.75, sulfate grade sulfide content (converted into SO 3 ) < 1%, it is considered to meet the quality and technical requirements of artificial aggregate for concrete;
3.2）碱活性分析；3.2) Alkali activity analysis;
3.2.1）利用岩相法对骨料碱活性时行初步判断，若矿物成分中含微晶-隐晶质石英、应变石英，即视为具有潜在碱活性危害，转入下步；3.2.1) Use the petrographic method to make a preliminary judgment on the alkali activity of the aggregate. If the mineral composition contains microcrystalline-aphaphatic quartz and strained quartz, it is considered to have potential alkali activity hazards and go to the next step;
3.2.2）利用砂浆棒快速法鉴定骨料的碱-硅酸反应活性，即按DL/T5151－2014《水工混凝土砂石骨料试验规程》要求鉴定碱-硅酸反应类骨料的碱活性，若14天的膨胀率大于0.2%，判定为具有潜在危害性反应的碱活性骨料；若14天的膨胀率介于0.1%-0.2%之间，应延长观测时间至28天，如果膨胀率小于0.2%，判定为不具有潜在危害性反应的碱活性骨料，如果28天膨胀率大于0.2%，判定为具有潜在危害性反应的碱活性骨料；3.2.2) Identify the alkali-silicic acid reactivity of aggregates by using the mortar rod rapid method, that is, identify the alkali-silicic acid reactive aggregates according to the requirements of DL/T5151-2014 "Test Procedures for Sand and Gravel Aggregates in Hydraulic Concrete". Activity, if the 14-day expansion rate is greater than 0.2%, it is judged as an alkali-active aggregate with potentially harmful reactions; if the 14-day expansion rate is between 0.1%-0.2%, the observation time should be extended to 28 days, if If the expansion rate is less than 0.2%, it is judged as an alkali-active aggregate without potentially harmful reactions; if the expansion rate is greater than 0.2% in 28 days, it is judged as an alkali-active aggregate with potentially harmful reactions;
3.2.3）根据碱活性分析结果，开展掺入不同剂量（0%、10%、20％、30％）的粉煤灰抑制碱骨料反应试验，最终确定粉煤灰在混凝土胶凝材料中掺量，即该掺量下，可有效地抑制骨料潜在的混凝土碱-骨料反应；3.2.3) According to the results of the alkali activity analysis, carry out the experiment of inhibiting the alkali-aggregate reaction with fly ash mixed with different doses (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%), and finally determine that the fly ash in the concrete cementitious material Dosage, that is, at this dosage, the potential concrete alkali-aggregate reaction of aggregate can be effectively inhibited;
3.3）混凝土性能试验：对于有用区中砂岩中的无用夹层（即饱和抗压强度低于40MPa的岩石），开展砂岩骨料中掺不同比例无用夹层混凝土抗压强度试验，从而确定砂岩骨料中无用夹层掺入量，即该掺入量下，混凝土强度满足C30及以下标号要求；3.3) Concrete performance test: For the useless interlayer in the sandstone in the useful area (that is, the rock with a saturated compressive strength lower than 40MPa), carry out the compressive strength test of the sandstone aggregate mixed with different proportions of the useless interlayer concrete, so as to determine the sandstone aggregate. Addition amount of useless interlayer, that is, under this amount, the concrete strength meets the requirements of C30 and below;
4）在上述工作的基础上，通过评价料场材料层质量、储量，确定骨料场是否满足工程设计要求。4) On the basis of the above work, determine whether the aggregate yard meets the engineering design requirements by evaluating the material layer quality and reserves of the stockyard.
应当理解的是，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all these improvements and changes should belong to the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.
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