CN106236234A - Fixing system for femoral fracture - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a fixing system for femoral fracture, which comprises an intramedullary nail, a bone fixing component and a connecting component, wherein the intramedullary nail further comprises: an upper portion, a lower portion, a hollow conduit, an oblique passageway; the bone fixing component can penetrate through the oblique channel and comprises an anterior part and a posterior part, wherein the anterior part and the posterior part are integrally formed; the connecting component is arranged in the upper part of the intramedullary nail and comprises a locking unit and a fixing unit, wherein the locking unit can be embedded on the fixing unit and pushes the fixing unit to enable the fixing unit to be jointed with the rear part of the bone fixing component.

Description

A fixation system for femur fractures

technical field

The invention relates to a fixation system, in particular to a fixation system for femur fractures.

Background technique

The bones of different parts of the human body have different shapes and complex structures. In the event of fractures and other injuries, the medical treatment and rehabilitation methods usually need to be given appropriate treatment based on the bone structure of the injured part. When the fractured part is close to the joint When it is not suitable to use plaster fixation, devices and bone nails are usually used as fixation for fracture treatment.

Taking hip fracture as an example, when the patient is subjected to high-energy trauma, such as a car accident, strong collision or falling from a height; or low-energy trauma, such as slipping or falling, the proximal femur may be injured. Fractures caused by twists and turns (for example, femoral head fracture, femoral neck fracture, and intertrochanteric fracture or other comminuted fractures) require intramedullary nails or plates to Immobilization of the damaged hip.

Generally speaking, the advantage of intramedullary nailing in the treatment of hip fractures is that it can control the rotation of the fracture site to achieve the effect of fixing the fracture site and protect the soft tissue and blood delivery of the fracture site; currently, intramedullary nail devices of different brands can only The corresponding screwdrivers or lag screws are used for fixation alone, so the selection of screwdrivers or lag screws will be limited by intramedullary nail devices of different brands. For older patients, because their bones are relatively loose, lag screws are needed to fix the fracture site; but for young patients, their bones are relatively tight, so they need to use a screwdriver Immobilize the fracture site.

On the other hand, the design of the screwdriver or lag screw is often related to the structure of the intramedullary nail, so the use of the screwdriver or lag screw must be matched with the corresponding intramedullary nail; screw, the corresponding intramedullary nail should also be replaced, and vice versa. We can know from the above that a screwdriver or a lag screw cannot be used for the same intramedullary nail.

Furthermore, because the screwdriver or lag screw fell off in the intramedullary nail device used in the past, after the patient was implanted with the above-mentioned fixing device, the femoral fracture site was affected by the screwdriver or lag screw falling off, resulting in postoperative Malunion, failure to heal, or other complications at the fracture site.

In summary, in order to prevent the screwdriver or lag screw from loosening from the intramedullary nail after surgery and to allow the screwdriver or lag screw to be used with the same intramedullary nail, it is urgent to develop a fixation tool for femoral fractures. System, so that the screwdriver or lag screw can be stably fixed on the intramedullary nail and the femoral fracture site can have a good postoperative recovery.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fixation system for femoral fractures, and the fixation system of the present invention can enable screwdrivers or lag screws to be used on the same intramedullary nail, allowing medical personnel to use intramedullary nails Afterwards, it is only necessary to consider the choice of screwdriver or lag screw according to the tightness of the patient's bone, and it is not necessary to consider whether a specific intramedullary nail is suitable for a specific screwdriver or lag screw.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a better fixing method. The fixing method of the present invention allows the screwdriver or lag screw to be stably fixed on the oblique channel of the intramedullary nail, so that the screwdriver or lag screw can be prevented from falling off from the intramedullary nail, so that the fracture site of the femur can be safely fixed after operation. good recovery.

In the first viewpoint of the present invention, a fixation system for femoral fractures of the present invention includes an intramedullary nail, a bone fixation component and a connecting component, wherein the above-mentioned intramedullary nail further comprises: an upper part , a lower part, a hollow pipe, and an oblique passage. The upper part of the intramedullary nail has a first longitudinal axis, and the lower part of the intramedullary nail has at least one transverse perforation and a second longitudinal axis, wherein the second longitudinal axis intersects with the first longitudinal axis to form an angle. The aforementioned hollow channel runs through the upper part and the lower part of the intramedullary nail, and the oblique channel is located at the upper part and runs through the upper part. The above-mentioned bone fixation component can pass through the above-mentioned oblique channel, and it also includes a front part and a rear part, wherein the front part and the rear part of the bone fixation component are integrally formed; in addition, the rear part has a first tooth-shaped concave groove. The above-mentioned connecting assembly is arranged in the upper part of the intramedullary nail, and itself includes a locking unit and a fixing unit, wherein the above-mentioned locking unit can be fitted on the fixing unit and push the fixing unit, and the fixing unit can be There is a second toothed groove, so when the locking unit pushes the fixing unit, the second toothed groove will engage with the first toothed groove at the rear of the bone fixation component.

In the second aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a component of a fixation system for femoral fractures with an anti-oxidation layer, that is, the surface of the component of the above-mentioned system further has an anti-oxidation layer, and its manufacturing method First, the surface layer of the device is removed by sandblasting and pickling, and then the holes in the above device after sandblasting and pickling are partially repaired by laser, and then the surface of the above component is ground to reduce the surface roughness of the above component, and then The surface is polished, and finally the surface is modified, so that the surface of the component of the fixation system for femur fracture has a wear-resistant and anti-oxidation layer. In one embodiment, the above-mentioned components can be made of titanium metal or titanium 6 aluminum 4 vanadium (Ti6Al4V). In an embodiment, the material of the aforementioned components can be steel.

In one embodiment, the angle θ1 presented by the interlacing of the first longitudinal axis and the second longitudinal axis may be between ₁ ° and 10°; Screwdriver or lag screw for the second toothed groove.

In one embodiment, the fixing system of the present invention further includes a stopper, the wall of the above-mentioned stopper has a third thread corresponding to the first thread and is locked on the upper side of the connecting component; the above-mentioned stopper The function of the stopper is to enhance the engagement of the connection component and the bone fixation component.

Description of drawings

Embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by examples in the drawings, not intended to limit the present invention. Like reference numerals refer to like components in the drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a fixation system for femur fracture according to an embodiment.

Fig. 2 is an exploded view showing a bone fixation assembly and a connection assembly of the present invention according to an embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the bone fixation component and the connection component according to one embodiment.

Fig. 4 shows a fixation system for femur fracture according to another embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view showing the locking groove of the head of the locking unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of main component symbols:

100 Femoral Fracture Fixation Systems 102 Intramedullary Nails 104 Bone Fixation Components

106 Connection assembly 108 Upper part 110 Lower part 112 Hollow pipe

114 Diagonal channel 116 First longitudinal axis 118 Second longitudinal axis 202 Front

204 Rear 206 First toothed groove 208 Locking unit 210 Fixing unit

212 Second toothed groove 214 Head 216 Pivot 218 Junction

220 Fixed part 402 Stopper 502 Locking groove

detailed description

The implementation of the present invention is described below through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand the effectiveness and advantages of the present invention through the content disclosed in this specification. Moreover, the present invention can also be used and implemented through other specific embodiments, and various details described in this specification can also be applied based on different needs, and various modifications or changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

The present invention will be described with preferred embodiments and viewpoints. Such descriptions explain the structure of the present invention in detail, and are only used for illustration and not for limiting the scope of the claims of the present invention. Therefore, in addition to the preferred embodiment in the description, the present invention can also be widely implemented in other embodiments.

Fig. 1 shows a fixation system 100 for femur fracture according to an embodiment, and the above-mentioned fixation system includes an intramedullary nail 102, a bone fixation component 104 and a connecting component 106, wherein the above-mentioned intramedullary nail It further includes: an upper part 108 , a lower part 110 , a hollow pipe 112 , and an oblique channel 114 . The upper part 108 of the above-mentioned intramedullary nail 102 has a first longitudinal axis 116, while the lower part 110 of the intramedullary nail 102 has at least one transverse perforation 120 and a second longitudinal axis 118, wherein the second longitudinal axis 118 and the first longitudinal axis 116 intersect to present an angle. The aforementioned hollow channel 112 runs through the upper part 108 and the lower part 110 of the intramedullary nail 102, and the oblique channel 114 is located at the upper part and runs through the upper part; the aforementioned bone fixation component 104 can pass through the oblique channel of the intramedullary nail. In one embodiment, the angle θ ₁ formed by the intersection of the first longitudinal axis and the second longitudinal axis may be between 1° and 10°, so that the above-mentioned intramedullary nail can be smoothly inserted into the bone marrow cavity. In one embodiment, the upper portion of the intramedullary nail has a larger outer diameter than the lower portion.

In one embodiment, the above-mentioned component material can be titanium metal or titanium 6 aluminum 4 vanadium (Ti6Al4V) material. In an embodiment, the material of the aforementioned components can be steel.

2 is an exploded view showing the bone fixation assembly 104 and the connection assembly 106 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned bone fixation assembly 104 further includes a front portion 202 and a rear portion 204, wherein the front portion 202 of the bone fixation assembly It is integrally formed with the rear part 204 , and the rear part of the bone fixation assembly further has a first tooth-shaped groove 206 .

The above-mentioned connecting assembly is arranged in the upper part of the intramedullary nail, and itself includes a locking unit 208 and a fixing unit 210, wherein the above-mentioned locking unit 208 can be fitted on the fixing unit 210 and push the fixing unit, and The fixing unit further has a second toothed groove 212; in one embodiment, the aforementioned upper inner wall has a first thread. In one embodiment, the above-mentioned locking unit 208 further includes a head 214 and a pivot body 216, wherein the wall of the above-mentioned head has a second thread, and the second thread can be connected with the above-mentioned first corresponding to the thread. In one embodiment, the above-mentioned fixing unit 210 includes a joint part 218 and a fixed part 220, wherein the above-mentioned joint part 218 can be used for fitting the pivot body 216 of the locking unit 208, and the second tooth-shaped groove 212 is located at the bottom of the fixed part. Therefore, when the locking unit pushes the fixing unit, the second toothed groove will be engaged with the first toothed groove at the rear of the bone fixation assembly. In one embodiment, since the first toothed groove and the second toothed groove are arranged in parallel and the above two kinds of grooves can be arranged alternately, the first toothed groove and the second toothed groove can be closely combined .

In one embodiment, the first toothed grooves are arranged annularly at the rear of the bone fixation component; No matter how deep the fixation component is implanted into the patient, the part of the first tooth-shaped groove in the rear section of the bone fixation component can be placed in the oblique channel, and then the connecting component can lock the position of the femoral fixation component again.

According to an embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , it can be known that the connection relationship between the bone fixation component 104 and the connecting component 106 is to use the second tooth-shaped groove at the bottom of the fixing part to completely fit tightly with the first tooth-shaped groove of the bone fixation component. on the groove, so that the bone fixation component will not rotate due to external force (for example: impact) after being fixed. In addition, due to the tight fit between the second toothed groove and the first toothed groove, the bone fixation component will not be easily loosened.

In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 4 , the fixing system of the present invention further includes a stopper 402 . The wall surface of the above-mentioned stopper further has a third thread, and the third thread can correspond to the first thread; when the connecting assembly is completely locked in the upper part of the intramedullary nail, the third thread can be connected to the first thread. The thread is screwed to fix the stopper on the upper side of the connection assembly, and the function of the stopper is to prevent soft tissue from entering the hollow channel.

In one embodiment, the number of threads of the first thread on the inner wall of the upper part of the intramedullary nail is greater than the number of threads of the second thread of the locking unit and/or the third thread of the stopper.

In one embodiment, a part of the guide wire is inserted into the medullary cavity of the bone, while the other part of the guide wire is outside the medullary cavity, and then a reamer is used to pass the guide wire outside the medullary cavity into the medullary cavity. Reaming: After the above-mentioned reaming is completed, the guide wire and the reamer can be removed, and the intramedullary nail of the present invention can be smoothly pushed into and fixed in the bone marrow cavity; the bone fixation component is then inserted into the bone and passed through The oblique channel of the intramedullary nail, and the part of the first tooth-shaped groove of the rear section of the femoral fixation component is placed in the oblique channel; and the above-mentioned locking unit can be fitted on the fixing unit and push the fixing unit , so when the locking unit pushes the fixing unit, in addition to making the second thread of the locking unit lock into the first thread of the inner wall of the upper part of the intramedullary nail, it will also make the second toothed groove fully engage with the bone fixation The first toothed groove on the rear of the assembly.

In one embodiment, the front part of the bone fixation component is a screwdriver or a lag screw, depending on the density of the patient's femoral bone, it is decided to use the screwdriver or lag screw to fix the fracture site. For older patients, because their bones are relatively loose, the fracture site needs to be fixed with a screwdriver; but for young patients, their bones are relatively tight, so they need to be fixed with lag screws The fracture site was fixed.

In one embodiment, in order to maintain the fixation system of the present invention, it can be fixed on the fractured part of the femur, wherein the upper part of the intramedullary nail has at least one transverse perforation through which common bone screws can pass and be fixed on the femur.

In one embodiment, the lower part of the intramedullary nail further has two transverse perforations; preferably, the upper part of the intramedullary nail has at least one transverse perforation. In one embodiment, the outer diameter of the joint part of the fixing unit is larger than the outer diameter of the fixing part.

5 is an enlarged schematic view showing the locking groove 502 of the head 214 of the locking unit 208 according to an embodiment of the present invention; the inside bottom of the head of the locking unit of the present invention is provided with a locking groove 502, and the above-mentioned The locking groove is a hexagonal structure, but the locking groove is not limited to the hexagonal shape, it can also be cross-shaped, straight or various polygonal structures, so that the operator can insert the corresponding tool into the head The locking groove and the locking unit 208 are locked on the inner side of the upper part of the intramedullary nail.

In one embodiment, after the bone fixation component passes through the aforementioned oblique channel, the angle θ ₂ between the bone fixation component and the upper part of the intramedullary nail can be between 100° and 140°. In one embodiment, the angle θ ₂ between the bone fixation component and the upper part of the intramedullary nail is 125 degrees; in another embodiment, the angle θ ₂ between the bone fixation component and the upper part of the intramedullary nail can be 130 degrees.

In one embodiment, the above-mentioned connecting assembly is arranged in the upper part of the intramedullary nail, which itself includes a locking unit and a fixing unit, wherein the above-mentioned locking unit can be fitted on the fixing unit and pushed to fix unit. The inner bottom of the upper part of the intramedullary nail further has a first longitudinal tooth-shaped groove, and the side wall of the fixing unit further has a second longitudinal tooth-shaped groove, so when the locking unit pushes the fixing unit, The second longitudinal toothed groove will fit into the first longitudinal toothed groove of the inner bottom of the upper part of the intramedullary nail.

In one embodiment, since the first longitudinal toothed groove and the second longitudinal toothed groove are arranged in parallel and the above two kinds of grooves can be alternately arranged, the first longitudinal toothed groove and the second longitudinal toothed groove can be The grooves are tightly bound. It can be seen from the above that when the bone fixation component (including but not limited to screwdriver or lag screw) is fixed on the oblique channel of the intramedullary nail, it can pass through the gap between the first longitudinal toothed groove and the second longitudinal toothed groove. The tight combination, the close combination of the first toothed groove and the second toothed groove make the bone fixation component difficult to fall off from the oblique channel of the intramedullary nail.

In one embodiment, the fixation system of the present invention enables screwdrivers or lag screws to be used on the same intramedullary nail, so that after the medical staff uses the intramedullary nail, they only need to consider the degree of tightness of the patient's bone. Dental knife or lag screw, no need to select the corresponding intramedullary nail according to the specific type of screwdriver or lag screw.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be pointed out that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and, after reading the content of the present invention, those skilled in the art Personnel can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

Claims (11)

1. the fixed system for Fracture of femur, it is characterised in that comprising:

One intramedullary pin, comprises further:

One top, has one first longitudinal axis；

One bottom, has at least one cross-perforating and one second longitudinal axis, wherein this first longitudinal axis with should Second longitudinal axis is staggered and presents an angle；

One hollow pipeline, wherein this hollow pipeline runs through this top and this bottom；

One slanted channel, it is positioned at this top and runs through this top；

One bone fastening assembly, it comprises one anterior with a rear portion, and wherein this front portion is integrated with this rear portion Molding, this rear portion has again one first tooth-like recesses, and wherein can to run through again this oblique for this bone fastening assembly Passage；

One connects assembly, is arranged in this top, and it comprises again a locking unit and a fixed cell, Wherein this locking unit is fitted together to and promotes this fixed cell, and this fixed cell also has one second dentation Groove, makes the second tooth-like recesses of this fixed cell be engaged in first tooth at rear portion of this bone fastening assembly Shape groove.

2. the fixed system for Fracture of femur as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that on this The inwall in portion has one first screw thread；This locking unit further comprises a head and an inverted impulse body, Wall in wherein this head has one second screw thread corresponding with this first screw thread；This fixed cell Then comprising a joint portion and a fixed part, wherein this joint portion can be fitted together to the inverted impulse body of this locking unit, And the bottom of this fixed part has this second tooth-like recesses.

3. the fixed system for Fracture of femur as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that this bone Fixation kit can be again thread cutter or lag screw.

4. the fixed system for Fracture of femur as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that this is the years old One longitudinal axis intersects, with this second longitudinal axis, this angle, θ presented₁Between 1～10 degree.

5. the fixed system for Fracture of femur as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that this marrow This bottom of interior nail further has 2 cross-perforatings.

6. the fixed system for Fracture of femur as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that this is solid The joint portion external diameter of cell is bigger than this fixed part external diameter.

7. the fixed system for Fracture of femur as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that this is solid Determining system and further comprise a stop part, the wall of this stop part has corresponding with this first screw thread One the 3rd screw thread and be locked in the upside of this connection assembly.

8. the fixed system for Fracture of femur as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that this is the years old The screw thread quantity of one screw thread is more than the screw thread quantity of this second screw thread and the 3rd screw thread.

9. the fixed system for Fracture of femur as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that this marrow This bottom of interior nail has at least one cross-perforating.

10. the fixed system for Fracture of femur as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that when When this bone fastening assembly can run through this slanted channel again, this bone fastening assembly and this top of this intramedullary pin Between angle, θ₂Between 100～140 degree.

11. as claimed in claim 1 for the fixed system of Fracture of femur, it is characterised in that should The external diameter on this top of intramedullary pin is bigger than the external diameter of this bottom.