CN106227562A - Method for automatically upgrading BIOS (basic input output System) of complete machine cabinet of Smart Rack in batch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for automatically upgrading the BIOS of a Smart Rack whole cabinet in batches, and relates to the field of Smart Rack. The invention uses mutual trust between nodes to complete the BIOS refresh of all servers in a batch operation under the system. First, all servers are automatically obtained through DHCP. IP, and complete the PXE boot and OS system filling of the whole cabinet, and then complete the configuration of the refresh environment through interconnection copying and configuration. Finally, refresh the BIOS of the entire cabinet through an automated script. Compared with traditional DOS or offline BIOS upgrade, the use of automated batch operations can greatly improve the efficiency of BIOS and reduce the rate of manual operations.

Description

A method for batch automatic upgrade of Smart Rack whole cabinet BIOS

technical field

The invention relates to the field of Smart Rack, in particular to a method for automatically upgrading the BIOS of a Smart Rack whole cabinet in batches.

Background technique

BIOS is the abbreviation of "Basic Input Output System" in English. It is a set of programs solidified on a ROM chip on the motherboard of the computer. It stores the most important basic input and output programs of the computer, self-test programs and system Self-starting program, which can read and write specific information about system settings from CMOS. Its main function is to provide the computer with the lowest and most direct hardware setting and control, which has three parts:

1. It is used to detect the hardware part when the computer is just powered on. It is also called Power On Self Test (POST for short). The function is to check whether the computer is in good condition. Usually a complete POST self-test will include the CPU, Memory, ROM, motherboard, CMOS memory, serial and parallel port, display card and keyboard are tested. Once any problem is found in the self-test, the system will give a prompt message or whistle a warning. If an error is found during the self-test, it will be handled according to two situations: for serious faults (fatal faults), stop the machine, and at this time, because various initialization operations have not been completed, no prompts or signals can be given; for non-serious faults, the machine will stop Give a prompt or sound alarm signal, waiting for the user to deal with.

2. Initialization, including creating interrupt vectors, setting registers, initializing and detecting some external devices, etc., a very important part of which is BIOS settings, mainly setting some parameters for the hardware, which will be read when the computer starts, And compare it with the actual hardware setting, if it does not match, it will affect the startup of the system.

3. Boot program, the function is to guide DOS or other operating systems. The BIOS first reads the boot record from the beginning sector of the floppy disk or hard disk. If it does not find it, it will display on the display that there is no boot device. If it finds the boot record, it will transfer the control of the computer to the boot record, and the boot record will transfer the operating system to the boot record. Load it into the computer, and after the computer starts successfully, this part of the BIOS task is completed.

Usually in the traditional mode, the BIOS refresh can only be done through the DOS system, all you need to do is to have the FreeDOS kernel and related boot floppy disk image files. Its operation is roughly as follows:

1 Make a DOS refresh disk

2 Import the BIOS and refresh tool into the DOS disk

3 Set the server to start in DOS and boot into the system from the DOS U disk

4 Refresh the BIOS

5 Power off and restart the installation system

The refresh rate of the above-mentioned operations is 2 person-times and 2 hours for a whole cabinet, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also inefficient, and when faced with 40 server nodes in the whole cabinet, it is extremely easy to miss the refresh, causing hidden dangers.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a method for automatically upgrading the BIOS of a Smart Rack whole cabinet in batches. Today, with the continuous improvement of automation, the use of batch flow operation is an effective means to ensure product consistency and high efficiency. Its friendly features such as reproducibility and transplantation can be popularized on a large scale, which provides a guarantee for the quality of the entire cabinet Smart Rack.

The present invention completes the configuration of the refreshing environment through the automatic PXE filling OS system and node interconnection copying and configuration, and then completes the refreshing of the BIOS of the whole cabinet through the automatic script. The whole process includes PXE server configuration, IP automatic allocation, node mutual trust, automatic refresh and other technologies.

The present invention uses mutual trust between nodes to complete the BIOS refresh of all servers under the system in a batch operation manner. First, all servers automatically obtain IP through DHCP, and complete PXE boot and OS system filling of the whole cabinet, and then complete it through interconnection copying and configuration. Refresh the environment's configuration. Finally, refresh the BIOS of the entire cabinet through an automated script. Compared with traditional DOS or offline BIOS upgrade, the use of automated batch operations can greatly improve the efficiency of BIOS and reduce the rate of manual operations.

1. Through the PXE batch filling system to the Smart Rack server of the whole cabinet and automatically assign IP to each server:

1.1). Configure DHCP server: used to provide IP address and other information to clients.

After the client is turned on, the PXE BootROM (self-starting chip) performs a self-test before gaining control, and then sends a request FIND frame in the form of broadcast. After receiving the request from the client, the server will send back a DHCP response, including the IP address of the client, the default communication channel, and the boot image file; otherwise, the server will ignore the request. After the client receives the response from the server, it will respond with a frame to request the transmission of the required files for startup, and write its own MAC address to the Netnames.db file on the server.

1.2). Configure the TFTP server: files required for client PXE boot

1.3). The configuration of the web server and the modification of the ks file

1.4). PXE boot configuration, the PXE boot image file is provided by syslinux. After installing syslinux, a pxelinux.0 file will be generated and copied to the /tftpboot directory.

The BootROM downloads the boot image file from the server through the TFTP communication protocol. After the client uses the TFTP protocol to receive the boot file, it transfers the control right to the boot block to boot the operating system and complete the remote boot.

After the two nodes trust each other, copy the relevant tools to the Smart Rack server in the entire cabinet:

2.1). Determine whether the hostfile exists. If it exists, delete it. The hostfile needs to be reconstructed.

if [ -f hostfile ] ; then

/bin/rm -f hostfile

Fi

2.2). Refactor the hostfile.

#t=`echo $nodeall |awk '{print NF}'`

for i in $nodeall

do

echo m$i |tee -a hostfile

Done

2.3). Complete the mutual trust of the whole cabinet node

for i in `cat hostfile`;do ping $i -c 1;done

./step1.exp

./step2.exp

./step3.exp

2.4).Complete the copy of the firmware and tool cabinet

source /opt/scripts/peizhi.txt

for i in $nodeall

do

echo m$i;

scp bios.sh m$i:/root/.bashrc

ssh m$i reboot

done

3 Complete the BIOS refresh in batches through the automated script and restart the machine to complete the parameter setting.

3.1). Complete the firmware refresh

/usr/bin/ipmitool chassis identify 20 >/dev/null 2>&1

/sbin/insmod amifldrv_mod.o >/dev/null 2>&1

./afulnx_64 $bios /B /P /N /x >/tmp/bios.stat 2>&1

./afulnx_26_64 $bios /B /P /N /x >/tmp/bios.stat 2>&1

3.2). Judging the firmware refresh status

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo $location Flash BIOS Failed

else

echo $location Flash BIOS OK

3.3). Power off and restart the whole cabinet through RMC to complete the BIOS default settings.

Press and hold RMC for 5 seconds to complete the power-off operation of the entire cabinet. After about one minute, press and hold RMC again for 10 seconds to complete the restart of the entire cabinet. At this point, the batch refresh operation of the BIOS of all nodes in the entire cabinet is completed.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is

Compared with traditional DOS or offline BIOS upgrade, the use of automated batch operations can greatly improve the efficiency of BIOS and reduce the rate of manual operations. In the whole operation process, there are few human intervention factors, and the firmware refresh can be completed automatically and efficiently. The ideas and methods can also be applied to the refresh of other firmware such as BMC under the OS. Increase the refresh rate from one complete cabinet in 2 hours per person-time to 3 complete cabinets in one hour per person-time. Greatly reduce labor costs. The automation level of the entire Smart Rack cabinet has been improved.

detailed description

The content of the present invention is described in more detail below:

The batch automatic upgrade method of the Smart Rack whole cabinet BIOS is mainly completed through three steps:

First, through the PXE batch filling system to the Smart Rack server in the entire cabinet and automatically assign IP to each server.

1. Configure DHCP server: used to provide IP address and other information to clients

2. Configure TFTP server: files required for client PXE boot

3. Configuration of web server and modification of ks file

4. PXE boot configuration.

Secondly, copy the relevant tools to the Smart Rack server of the whole cabinet after passing the node mutual trust

1. Determine whether the hostfile exists, if it exists, delete it, and the hostfile needs to be reconstructed;

2. Refactor the hostfile;

3. Complete the mutual trust of the whole cabinet node;

4. Complete the copy of the firmware and tools for the whole cabinet

Finally, the BIOS is refreshed in batches through the automated script and the machine is restarted to complete the parameter setting.

1. Complete the firmware refresh

2. Determine the firmware update status

3. Power off and restart the entire cabinet through RMC to complete the BIOS default settings.

Claims (4)

1. the method for a Smart Rack whole machine cabinet BIOS batch upgrading automatically, it is characterised in that

By node mutual trust, the BIOS using the mode of batch operation to complete whole server under system refreshes, and first passes through The whole server of DHCP obtains IP automatically, and completes PXE and guide and the system fill of whole machine cabinet OS, secondly by interconnection copy and Configure the configuration refreshing environment；The refreshing of whole machine cabinet BIOS is completed finally by automatized script.

Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that

To whole machine cabinet Smart Rack server and IP is automatically distributed to each server by PXE bulk filling system:

1), configuration DHCP server: be used for providing clients with IP address and out of Memory；

After client start, PXE BootROM performs selftest before obtaining control, then sends one with the forms of broadcasting Request FIND frame；Server receives the requirement that client is sent, will send back to DHCP respond, including user side IP address, Preset communication port, and start image file；Otherwise server can ignore this requirement；Client receives what server was beamed back Then can respond a frame after response, transmit with request and start required file, and the MAC Address of oneself is write server end In Netnames.db file；

2). configuration tftp server: for the file required for the guiding of client PXE；

3) configuration of .web server and the amendment of ks file；

4) .PXE boot configuration, PXE Boot Image File is provided by syslinux, after installing syslinux, can generate one The file of individual pxelinux.0, copy to/tftpboot catalogue under；

BootROM is downloaded start reflection document by TFTP communication protocol from server；Client uses TFTP agreement to receive startup After file, control is delivered startup block to guide operating system, complete remote activation.

Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that

After node mutual trust, related tool is copied into whole machine cabinet Smart Rack server:

1). judging whether hostfile exists, being deleted if existing, hostfile file needs reconstruct；

if [ -f hostfile ] ;then

/bin/rm -f hostfile

Fi

2). reconstruct hostfile file；

#t=`echo $nodeall |awk '{print NF}'`

for i in $nodeall

do

echo m$i |tee -a hostfile

Done

3). complete whole machine cabinet node mutual trust

for i in `cat hostfile`;do ping $i -c 1;done

./step1.exp

./step2.exp

./step3.exp

4). complete firmware and instrument whole machine cabinet copy

source /opt/scripts/peizhi.txt

for i in $nodeall

do

echo m$i;

scp bios.sh m$i:/root/.bashrc

ssh m$i reboot

done。

Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that

By automatized script batch complete BIOS refreshing and restart machine complete parameter arrange:

1). complete firmware and refresh

/usr/bin/ipmitool chassis identify 20 >/dev/null 2>&1

/sbin/insmod amifldrv_mod.o >/dev/null 2>&1

./afulnx_64 $bios /B /P /N /x >/tmp/bios.stat 2>&1

./afulnx_26_64 $bios /B /P /N /x >/tmp/bios.stat 2>&1

2). judge firmware Flushing status

if [ $? != 0 ];then

echo $location Flash BIOS Failed

else

echo $location Flash BIOS OK

3). operate whole machine cabinet power-off restarting by RMC, complete BIOS default setting；

By the long power operation completing whole machine cabinet by RMC for 5 seconds, after continuing about one minute, then vice-minister to press RMC 10 seconds complete Become whole machine cabinet start to restart action, so far complete the operation of whole machine cabinet whole node BIOS batch refresh.