CN106218422A - A kind of control system of retarder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a retarder control system, which belongs to the technical field of electric eddy current retarder, and comprises a storage battery, a main power switch, a retarder control box, an electric eddy current retarder assembly, an air pressure switch, a low speed device and a signal Indicator light; the assembly of the eddy current retarder is divided into two gears and three gears. In two gears, the first gear of the air pressure switch is connected to the first and second gears of the retarder control box, and the second gear The gears are connected to the third and fourth gears of the retarder control box. In the third gear, the first gear of the air pressure switch is connected to the first and second gears of the retarder control box, and the second gear The bit is connected with the third gear of the retarder control box, and the third gear is connected with the fourth gear of the retarder control box. The eddy current retarder assembly includes connecting bracket, rotor assembly, stator assembly and stator grounding. The invention has the advantages of saving cost, improving production and work efficiency, and reducing failure rate.

Description

A retarder control system

technical field

The invention relates to a control system of a retarder, in particular to a control system of an eddy current retarder, and belongs to the technical field of the eddy current retarder.

Background technique

The automobile retarder is to energize the excitation coil of the stator assembly through the control circuit to generate a magnetic field. The rotor assembly rotates at high speed with the transmission part of the vehicle, cuts the magnetic force line, generates a reverse torque, and decelerates the vehicle. At present, the bus below 10 meters in my country , pure electric vehicles, and medium and minibus vehicles generally have problems such as insufficient braking force, wheel hub heating, and tire blowouts, especially in high temperature or rainy and snowy weather, which is more likely to cause braking degradation, which brings great harm to the operation of the vehicle. Potential safety hazards, although most of the current automobile engines have exhaust brake functions, and brake automatic adjustment arms are also installed on the wheels to increase the braking force of the vehicle, but these can only be slightly improved and cannot greatly relieve the load on the vehicle braking system. And the economic benefits are not obvious. In order to solve the above problems, a set of vehicle braking auxiliary devices, namely electric eddy current retarder or hydraulic retarder, is installed on the vehicle to completely solve the problem of insufficient braking force of the vehicle.

Eddy current, that is, eddy current, is also called Foucault current. The induced current caused by the rapidly changing magnetic field in the conductor (including semiconductor) has a vortex shape, so it is called eddy current. The faster the magnetic field changes, the greater the induced electromotive force. Because the resistivity of the conductor is small, the eddy current is also The stronger it is, the eddy current will generate Joule heat like ordinary current, and it is generated inside the conductor, so it can heat the conductor, that is to say, it will consume extra energy, which is the so-called eddy current loss, which has disadvantages , but there are also exploitable aspects.

The eddy current retarder for automobiles, that is, automobile retarders or retarders, is a set of no mechanical friction, installed in the vehicle transmission system before the braking system works, and within the effective braking distance, to slow down the vehicle first. The speed safety auxiliary assembly device improves the configuration level of the vehicle. It can be installed on the gearbox of the vehicle, it can also be installed on the rear axle, and it can also be installed between the main drive shaft and the slave drive shaft. The speed reducer is mainly composed of two parts: electrical control part and mechanical part. It is mainly composed of connecting bracket, stator assembly and rotor assembly.

At present, the control system of the automotive retarder in the prior art also has the following problems:

1) High production cost: the control system of the automotive retarder in the prior art has more gears in structure, which makes the control system more complicated, thus having a higher cost in the use of wiring harnesses and accessories;

2), low production efficiency: because the control system of the automobile retarder in the prior art is relatively complex in structure, the production efficiency of the control system of the automobile retarder is reduced in the production process;

3) High failure rate: Due to the large number of wiring harnesses and related accessories, the structure is relatively complex, which increases the number of failure points in the control system of the retarder during use, and increases the failure rate of the control system of the retarder;

4), low work efficiency: because the control system of the automobile retarder in the prior art is relatively complex in structure, and there are many gears, the work efficiency of the control system of the retarder is reduced.

Therefore, at present, how to improve the production efficiency of the retarder control system, reduce the production cost of the retarder control system, improve the work efficiency of the retarder control system, and reduce the failure rate of the retarder control system has increasingly become a research topic. focus.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of high production cost, low production efficiency, high failure rate and low work efficiency in the control system of the automobile retarder in the prior art, and to provide a vehicle suitable for buses below 10 meters. , pure electric vehicles and small and medium-sized vehicle retarder control systems for medium and minibus models.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

A control system for a retarder, comprising a storage battery, a main power switch, a retarder control box, an eddy current retarder assembly, an air pressure switch, a low speed device and a signal indicator light; the battery is electrically connected to the main power switch connected, the main power switch is electrically connected to the retarder control box, the retarder control box is connected to the eddy current retarder assembly, the retarder control box is connected to the air pressure switch, The low speed device and the signal indicator light are electrically connected, and the battery supplies power to the retarder control box; a drive control wiring harness is provided between the retarder control box and the eddy current retarder assembly , the drive control wiring harness is provided with a plurality of drive lines, the retarder control box is electrically connected to the power interface, the brake interface, and the signal interface, and the signal indicator is electrically connected to the air pressure switch and the low speed device , the retarder control box is also electrically connected to the vehicle condition signal connector, the vehicle condition signal connector is electrically connected to the low speed device, and the signal indicator light is electrically connected to the temperature alarm switch annunciator; The assembly of the eddy current retarder is divided into a two-gear working state and a third-gear working state; when the eddy current retarder is in a two-gear working state, there are four gears in the retarder control box, and the There are two gear positions inside the air pressure switch, the first gear position of the air pressure switch is connected with the first and second gear positions of the retarder control box, the second gear position of the air pressure switch is connected with the The third and fourth gears of the retarder control box are connected; when the eddy current retarder assembly is in the third gear working state, there are four gears in the retarder control box, so There are three gear positions in the air pressure switch, the first gear position of the air pressure switch is connected with the first and second gear positions of the retarder control box, and the second gear position of the air pressure switch is connected with the second gear position of the retarder control box. The third gear of the retarder control box is connected, and the third gear of the air pressure switch is connected with the fourth gear of the retarder control box.

Further, the battery is electrically connected to the main power switch through a power cord, and a power harness assembly is provided between the battery and the main power switch, and the power cord is stored in the power harness assembly. Into.

Further, a control box positive wiring harness is provided between the main power switch and the retarder control box, and a first fuse and a circuit ground are arranged in the retarder control box, and the first fuse is A Fuse, the retarder control box is grounded through the control box negative wire harness.

Further, four drive lines are arranged in the drive control harness, and the two ends of the four drive lines are respectively connected to the four gear positions of the retarder control box and the eddy current retarder assembly.

Further, the signal interface is electrically connected to the retarder control box through the instrument indicator signal line, the brake interface is electrically connected to the retarder control box through the brake light line, and the power interface is electrically connected to the retarder control box through the The control box power line is electrically connected to the retarder control box, and the power interface is electrically connected to the low-speed device through a second fuse, the second fuse is A fuse, and the low-speed device is also connected to the static vehicle test interface electrical connection.

Further, the eddy current retarder assembly includes a connecting bracket, a rotor assembly, a stator assembly and a stator ground, the connecting bracket is used to install and fix the stator assembly on the gearbox, and the stator The assembly is composed of a fixed support, a magnetic core, a magnetic pole and a coil for generating deceleration torque, the rotor assembly is composed of a turntable and a transition flange, and the stator ground is used to insulate the stator assembly from the ground .

Further, the vehicle condition signal connector is electrically connected to the low speed device through the vehicle condition signal line, and the low speed device is electrically connected to the air pressure switch. The bits are respectively connected between the retarder control box and the signal indicator light, and a temperature alarm line is also connected between the retarder control box and the signal indicator light.

Further, the vehicle condition signal connector is electrically connected to the vehicle condition sensor assembly, and the vehicle condition sensor assembly is used to ensure that the retarder control box and the eddy current retarder assembly stop working when the vehicle stops .

Further, the air pressure switch is connected to the front wheel brake air pipe of the automobile, the air pressure switch collects the air pressure in the front wheel brake air pipe, and transmits a signal to the retarder control box to control the eddy current retarder assembly The magnitude of the current, the air pressure switch is provided with a stainless steel diaphragm inside, and the stainless steel diaphragm is used to sense the air pressure to prevent moisture or air from entering the air pressure switch.

Further, the signal indicator light is used to display the working conditions of the retarder control box, the eddy current retarder assembly, the air pressure switch and the low speed device, including low speed device signal lights, power signal lights, Alarm signal light, air pressure switch gear signal light, air pressure switch gear signal light, the low-speed device signal light is electrically connected to the low-speed device, the power signal light is electrically connected to the electric control box power line, and the alarm signal light is connected to the temperature alarm The first gear position signal light of the air pressure switch is electrically connected to the first gear position of the air pressure switch, and the second gear position signal light of the air pressure switch is electrically connected to the second gear position of the air pressure switch.

Beneficial technical effects of the present invention: the control system of a retarder provided by the present invention solves the problems of high production cost, low production efficiency, high failure rate, work Low efficiency and other issues have the following advantages:

1) Save production cost: structurally reduce the gear position of the eddy current retarder, optimize the control system, thereby reducing the use of wiring harness and accessories, and reducing the production cost in terms of the use of wiring harness and accessories;

2) Improved production efficiency: structurally reduced the gears of the eddy current retarder, optimized the control system, thereby reducing the use of wiring harnesses and accessories, and optimized the structure of the retarder's control system. Therefore, in the production process Improve the production efficiency of the control system of the retarder;

3) Reduce the failure rate: because the use of wiring harnesses and accessories is reduced, the failure points are reduced during the use of the retarder control system, and the failure rate of the retarder control system is reduced;

4) Improved work efficiency: The two gears of the control system of the retarder work: the first gear of the air pressure switch corresponds to the first and second gears of the retarder controller (50% power usage), and the air pressure switch The second gear corresponds to the third and fourth gears of the retarder controller (100% use power); the third gear of the retarder control system is in the working state: the first gear of the air pressure switch corresponds to the retarder The first and second gears of the controller (50% power usage), the second gear position of the air pressure switch corresponds to the third gear position of the retarder controller (75% power usage), the third gear position of the air pressure switch corresponds to the retarder The fourth gear of the controller (100% power usage).

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the control system schematic diagram of retarder of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the eddy current retarder assembly of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the signal indicator light of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the retarder control box of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-battery, 2-power harness assembly, 3-power cord, 4-main power switch, 5-control box positive harness, 6-retarder control box, 7-first fuse, 8-control box Negative wire harness, 9-circuit ground, 10-drive wire, 11-drive control wire harness, 12-eddy current retarder assembly, 13-vehicle condition signal connector, 14-temperature alarm switch annunciator, 15-instrument indicator light Signal line, 16-brake light line, 17-electric control box power line, 18-low speed device connection harness, 19-vehicle condition signal line, 20-ground line, 21-temperature alarm line, 22-the second gear of the air pressure switch , 23-the first gear of air pressure switch, 24-air pressure switch, 25-low speed device, 26-second fuse, 27-static vehicle test interface, 28-power interface, 29-brake interface, 30-signal interface, 31- Signal indicator light, 121-rotor assembly, 122-stator assembly, 123-stator ground, 311-low speed signal light, 312-power signal light, 313-alarm signal light, 314-air pressure switch first gear signal light, 315 -The second gear signal light of the air pressure switch.

detailed description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention clearer and clearer to those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

As shown in Figures 1 and 4, a retarder control system includes a battery 1, a main power switch 4, a retarder control box 6, an eddy current retarder assembly 12, an air pressure switch 24, and a low speed device 25 and signal indicator light 31; the battery 1 is electrically connected to the main power switch 4, the main power switch 4 is electrically connected to the retarder control box 6, and the retarder control box 6 is electrically connected to the electric The eddy current retarder assembly 12 is connected, the retarder control box 6 is electrically connected with the air pressure switch 24, the low speed device 25, and the signal indicator light 31, and the battery 1 is used for the retarder control Box 6 supplies power; a drive control harness 11 is provided between the retarder control box 6 and the eddy current retarder assembly 12, and a plurality of drive lines 10 are arranged in the drive control harness 11, and the retarder The retarder control box 6 is electrically connected with the power interface 28, the brake interface 29, and the signal interface 30, and the signal indicator light 31 is electrically connected with the air pressure switch 24 and the low speed device 25, and the retarder control box 6 is also It is electrically connected with the vehicle condition signal connector 13, the vehicle condition signal connector 13 is electrically connected with the low speed device 25, the signal indicator light 31 is electrically connected with the temperature alarm switch annunciator 14; the eddy current retarder The assembly 12 is divided into a two-gear working state and a third-gear working state; when the eddy current retarder assembly 12 is in a two-gear working state, the retarder control box 6 is provided with four gears, so The air pressure switch 24 is provided with two gear positions, the first gear position of the air pressure switch 24 is connected with the first and second gear positions of the retarder control box 6, and the first gear position of the air pressure switch 24 is The two gears are connected with the third and fourth gears of the retarder control box 6; when the eddy current retarder assembly 12 is in the third gear working state, the retarder control box 6 There are four gear positions inside, and the air pressure switch 24 is provided with three gear positions, and the first gear position of the air pressure switch 24 is connected with the first and second gear positions of the retarder control box 6 , the second gear of the air pressure switch 24 is connected to the third gear of the retarder control box 6, and the third gear of the air pressure switch 24 is connected to the retarder control box 6 The fourth gear is connected.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the battery 1 is electrically connected to the main power switch 4 through a power line 3, and a power harness is provided between the battery 1 and the main power switch 4. Assembly 2, the power cord 3 is accommodated in the power harness assembly 2, a control box positive wire harness 5 is provided between the main power switch 4 and the retarder control box 6, and the retarder The control box 6 is provided with a first fuse 7 and a circuit ground 9, the first fuse 7 is a 5A fuse, the retarder control box 6 is grounded through the negative wire harness 8 of the control box, and the drive control wire harness 11 is provided with There are four driving lines 10, and the two ends of the four driving lines 10 are respectively connected to the four gear positions of the retarder control box 6 and the eddy current retarder assembly 12; the retarder control box 6 It is the central signal processor of the eddy current retarder assembly 12, which can make the eddy current retarder assembly 12 in the correct use state, and its functions mainly include: 1) when the vehicle stops or accelerates ( Stepping on the accelerator) when the eddy current retarder assembly 12 will not work; 2) can automatically adjust the current intensity of the inner coil of the eddy current retarder assembly 12 along with the size of the air pressure in the brake air pipe, and The eddy current retarder assembly 12 can work when the air pressure is very small (about 0.2 bar), and the eddy current retarder assembly 12 reaches the maximum working state at 1 bar; 3) it has overvoltage protection, Overcurrent protection, overheating protection, functions such as being able to control the inner coil of the eddy current retarder assembly 12 to self-generate and self-power when the eddy current retarder assembly 12 is working; 4) have synchronous work with brake lights function.

In this embodiment, the signal interface 30 is electrically connected to the retarder control box 6 through the instrument indicator signal line 15, and the brake interface 29 is connected to the retarder control box 6 through the brake light line 16. Electrical connection, the power interface 28 is electrically connected to the retarder control box 6 through the electric control box power cord 17, the power interface 28 is electrically connected to the low speed device 25 through the second fuse 26, and the second The fuse 26 is a 5A fuse, and the low-speed device 25 is also electrically connected to the static car test interface 27. In order to distinguish each interface well, different colors are used to distinguish. The static car test interface 27 adopts orange, and the power supply interface 28 adopts red. , the brake interface 29 adopts white, and the signal interface 30 adopts yellow. In this embodiment, the power line 3 adopts red, and the drive line 10 adopts four different colors, which are respectively yellow, green, blue and white. 15 is yellow, the brake light wire 16 is white, the electric control box power wire 17 is red, the vehicle condition signal wire 19 is blue, the ground wire 20 is black, the temperature alarm wire 21 is gray, and the second gear 22 of the air pressure switch is gray. Purple, the first gear 23 of the air pressure switch adopts green.

In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the eddy current retarder assembly 12 includes a connecting bracket, a rotor assembly 121, a stator assembly 122 and a stator ground 123, and the connecting bracket is used to connect the The stator assembly 122 is installed and fixed on the gearbox. The stator assembly 122 is composed of a fixed support, a magnetic core, a magnetic pole and a coil for generating deceleration torque. The rotor assembly 121 is composed of a turntable and a transition flange. The stator ground 123 is used to insulate the stator assembly 122 from the ground; in this embodiment, the connecting bracket shown is an intermediate transition piece for installing and fixing the stator assembly 122 on the gearbox. The stator assembly is connected and fixed on its inner ring. Relatively speaking, the design is simpler, the manufacturing process is convenient, the strength and hardness are easier to meet the requirements, the weight is only about 15kg, and the appearance is beautiful; the stator assembly is composed of a fixed support, a magnetic core, magnetic poles, coils and other parts, so that the eddy current retarder assembly 12 generates deceleration torque, which is fixed on the box of the gearbox or directly on the bearing seat of the rear axle through the connecting bracket, and is light in weight. Small size, more convenient and safer to install.

In this embodiment, the rotor assembly is composed of a turntable and a transition flange, the transition flange is fixed on the output flange of the gearbox or the input flange of the rear axle, and can rotate freely with the transmission shaft, and the turntable is circular. Fixed on the transition flange, there is a very small uniform air gap between the inner ring surface of the turntable and the outer surface of the magnetic pole in the stator assembly. Relatively speaking, the stator assembly is fixed, while the rotor assembly can Rotating together with the transmission shaft, the turntable is in the shape of a ring, and the outer layer is a diversion groove, which is in direct contact with the air in a large area, which is more convenient for heat dissipation; there are fan blades at the front end of the turntable, which can introduce air into the stator assembly when rotating. The heat dissipation of the coil is accelerated, and the heat dissipation of the inner wall of the turntable is also greatly promoted; it is light in weight, and the maximum deceleration torque is 1300N·m. The turntable used in m weighs about 25kg, the thickness is only 130mm, and the outer diameter is only Φ435mm. It is more convenient to install, and the matching is more extensive and simpler.

When working, the magnetic force generated by the stator is radial, and the working surface is changed from the traditional axial end surface to radially encircling the end surface, so there is no need to worry about the eddy current retarder assembly due to changes in the axial clearance of other parts of the vehicle. The rotor assembly and stator assembly of 12 are damaged due to friction, and the gap between the rotor assembly and the stator assembly is fixed. There is no need to adjust the gap during installation, which saves time, and the force on each part is more uniform and never rubs, which is harmful to the vehicle. The transmission system will not be affected, the total mass of the rotor assembly is about 30kg lighter than the traditional eddy current retarder, and the total mass of the stator assembly is about 80kg lighter than the traditional eddy current retarder, which has less impact on the various systems of the original vehicle ;Installation and disassembly are more convenient and safe; the economic benefits are particularly evident in transport vehicles with high specific work intensity (transit vehicles with frequent starting and parking, and high operating frequency of the braking system).

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle condition signal connector 13 is electrically connected to the low speed device 25 through the vehicle condition signal line 19, and the low speed device 25 is electrically connected to the air pressure switch 24. The second gear position 22 of the air pressure switch and the first gear position 23 of the air pressure switch of the switch 24 are respectively connected between the retarder control box 6 and the signal indicator light 31, and the retarder control box 6 is connected to the retarder control box 6. A temperature alarm line 21 is also connected between the signal indicator lamps 31, and the vehicle condition signal connector 13 is electrically connected to the vehicle condition sensor assembly, which is used to ensure that the retarder control box when the vehicle stops 6. The eddy current retarder assembly 12 stops working.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the air pressure switch 24 is connected to the front wheel brake air pipe of the automobile, and the air pressure switch 24 collects the air pressure in the front wheel brake air pipe, and transmits a signal to the retarder control box 6 , to control the magnitude of the current of the eddy current retarder assembly 12, the air pressure switch 24 is provided with a stainless steel diaphragm inside, and the stainless steel diaphragm is used to sense the air pressure to prevent moisture or air from entering the Air pressure switch 24. The air pressure switch 24 senses the air pressure by its internal stainless steel diaphragm, and moisture or air will not enter its interior. It solves the problem that in the prior art, a plurality of ordinary air pressure switches are used to collect the gas pressure of the automobile front wheel brake air pipe pipe, and after several switches are closed to work, there is no linear change value of the brake pipe gas pressure, and it is impossible to let the coil The current in the brake pipe changes with the change of the gas pressure.

In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, the signal indicator light 31 is used to display the retarder control box 6, the eddy current retarder assembly 12, the air pressure switch 24, the low speed The working condition of device 25 includes low speed device signal lamp 311, power signal lamp 312, alarm signal lamp 313, air pressure switch 1 gear signal lamp 314, air pressure switch 2 gear signal lamp 315, and described low speed device signal lamp 311 is electrically connected with described low speed device 25, The power signal light 312 is electrically connected to the electric control box power line 17, the alarm signal light 313 is electrically connected to the temperature alarm line 21, and the first gear position signal light 314 of the air pressure switch is connected to the first gear position of the air pressure switch. 23, and the second gear position signal light 315 of the air pressure switch is electrically connected to the second gear position 22 of the air pressure switch.

In summary, the present invention provides a retarder control system that solves the problems of high production cost, low production efficiency, high failure rate and low work efficiency in the use process of the retarder control system in the prior art. etc., has the following advantages:

1) Save production cost: structurally reduce the gear position of the eddy current retarder, optimize the control system, thereby reducing the use of wiring harness and accessories, and reducing the production cost in terms of the use of wiring harness and accessories;

2) Improved production efficiency: structurally reduced the gears of the eddy current retarder, optimized the control system, thereby reducing the use of wiring harnesses and accessories, and optimized the structure of the retarder's control system. Therefore, in the production process Improve the production efficiency of the control system of the retarder;

3) Reduce the failure rate: because the use of wiring harnesses and accessories is reduced, the failure points are reduced during the use of the retarder control system, and the failure rate of the retarder control system is reduced;

4) Improved work efficiency: The two gears of the control system of the retarder work: the first gear of the air pressure switch corresponds to the first and second gears of the retarder controller (50% power usage), and the air pressure switch The second gear corresponds to the third and fourth gears of the retarder controller (100% use power); the third gear of the retarder control system is in the working state: the first gear of the air pressure switch corresponds to the retarder The first and second gears of the controller (50% power usage), the second gear position of the air pressure switch corresponds to the third gear position of the retarder controller (75% power usage), the third gear position of the air pressure switch corresponds to the retarder The fourth gear of the controller (100% power usage).

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any person familiar with the technical field within the scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technical scheme of the present invention and its Any equivalent replacement or modification of the concept falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A control system for a retarder, characterized in that: comprising a storage battery (1), a main power switch (4), a retarder control box (6), an eddy current retarder assembly (12), an air pressure switch (24), low speed device (25) and signal indicator light (31); The battery (1) is electrically connected to the main power switch (4), the main power switch (4) is electrically connected to the retarder control box (6), and the retarder control box (6) It is connected with the eddy current retarder assembly (12), the retarder control box (6) is connected with the air pressure switch (24), the low speed device (25), the signal indicator light (31) Electrically connected, the storage battery (1) supplies power to the retarder control box (6); A driving control wiring harness (11) is provided between the retarder control box (6) and the eddy current retarder assembly (12), and a plurality of driving lines ( 10), the retarder control box (6) is electrically connected to the power interface (28), the brake interface (29), and the signal interface (30), and the signal indicator light (31) is connected to the air pressure switch (24) , the low speed device (25) is electrically connected, and the retarder control box (6) is also electrically connected to the vehicle condition signal connector (13), and the vehicle condition signal connector (13) is connected to the low speed device (25) Electrically connected, the signal indicator light (31) is electrically connected with the temperature alarm switch annunciator (14); The eddy current retarder assembly (12) is divided into a two-gear working state and a third-gear working state; when the eddy current retarder assembly (12) is in a two-gear working state, the retarder controls There are four gears in the box (6), and two gears in the air pressure switch (24), the first gear of the air pressure switch (24) is connected with the retarder control box (6 ), the second gear of the air pressure switch (24) is connected with the third and fourth gears of the retarder control box (6); when the When the eddy current retarder assembly (12) is in the third gear working state, the retarder control box (6) is provided with four gear positions, and the air pressure switch (24) is provided with three gear positions, so The first gear of the air pressure switch (24) is connected with the first and second gears of the retarder control box (6), and the second gear of the air pressure switch (24) is connected with the The third gear of the retarder control box (6) is connected, and the third gear of the air pressure switch (24) is connected with the fourth gear of the retarder control box (6). 2. A retarder control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: said storage battery (1) is electrically connected to said main power switch (4) through a power line (3), so A power harness assembly (2) is provided between the battery (1) and the main power switch (4), and the power cord (3) is accommodated in the power harness assembly (2). 3. A retarder control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a control box positive wire harness ( 5), the retarder control box (6) is provided with a first fuse (7) and a circuit ground (9), the first fuse (7) is a 5A fuse, and the retarder control box ( 6) Ground through the negative wire harness (8) of the control box. 4. A retarder control system according to claim 1, characterized in that four drive lines (10) are arranged in the drive control harness (11), and two of the four drive lines (10) The ends are respectively connected to the four gears of the retarder control box (6) and the eddy current retarder assembly (12). 5. A retarder control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the signal interface (30) is electrically connected to the retarder control box (6) through the indicator light signal line (15) connection, the brake interface (29) is electrically connected to the retarder control box (6) through the brake light line (16), and the power interface (28) is connected to the The retarder control box (6) is electrically connected, and the power interface (28) is electrically connected with the low speed device (25) through a second fuse (26), and the second fuse (26) is a 5A fuse, and the The low speed device (25) is also electrically connected with the static vehicle test interface (27). 6. A retarder control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the eddy current retarder assembly (12) includes a connecting bracket, a rotor assembly (121), a stator assembly (122 ) and stator ground (123), the connecting bracket is used to install and fix the stator assembly (122) on the gearbox, and the stator assembly (122) consists of a fixed support, a magnetic core, a magnetic pole and a coil The rotor assembly (121) is composed of a turntable and a transition flange, and the stator ground (123) is used to insulate the stator assembly (122) from the ground. 7. The control system of a retarder according to claim 5, characterized in that: the vehicle condition signal connector (13) is electrically connected to the low speed device (25) through a vehicle condition signal line (19), so The low speed device (25) is electrically connected with the air pressure switch (24), and the air pressure switch second gear (22) and the air pressure switch first gear (23) of the air pressure switch (24) are respectively connected to the slow A temperature alarm line (21) is also connected between the retarder control box (6) and the signal indicator light (31), and between the retarder control box (6) and the signal indicator light (31). 8. A retarder control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vehicle condition signal connector (13) is electrically connected to the vehicle condition sensor assembly, and the vehicle condition sensor assembly is used to ensure When the vehicle stops, the retarder control box (6) and the eddy current retarder assembly (12) stop working. 9. The control system of a retarder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air pressure switch (24) is connected to the front wheel brake air pipe of the automobile, and the air pressure switch (24) collects the air pressure in the front wheel brake air pipe size, and transmit signals to the retarder control box (6) to control the magnitude of the current of the eddy current retarder assembly (12), and the air pressure switch (24) is provided with a stainless steel film inside The stainless steel diaphragm is used to sense the air pressure to prevent moisture or air from entering the air pressure switch (24). 10. A retarder control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: the signal indicator light (31) is used to display the retarder control box (6), the eddy current retarder Working conditions of the device assembly (12), the air pressure switch (24), and the low speed device (25), including the low speed device signal light (311), the power signal light (312), the alarm signal light (313), the air pressure switch 1 gear signal light (314), air pressure switch 2-gear signal light (315), the low speed device signal light (311) is electrically connected with the low speed device (25), the power signal light (312) is connected to the electric control box power line ( 17) electrical connection, the alarm signal lamp (313) is electrically connected to the temperature alarm line (21), the first gear position signal lamp (314) of the air pressure switch is electrically connected to the first gear position (23) of the air pressure switch, The second gear position signal light (315) of the air pressure switch is electrically connected to the second gear position (22) of the air pressure switch.