CN106209692A - The method of industrial control network switch crash rate in reduction intelligent grid transformer station - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for reducing the failure rate of an industrial control network switch in a smart grid substation, including optimizing product design and manufacturing links, optimizing engineering installation and construction links, and optimizing use operation and maintenance links. The invention adopts 1+1 redundant backup, stacking mode to expand ports and expand switching capabilities, six types of shielded twisted-pair cables are used as network cables, indoor and outdoor optical cables are non-metallic flame-retardant optical cables, optical fibers and pigtails adopt G.657 bending insensitive single Mode fiber or G.651 multi-mode fiber, electro-optical interface can be shut down and sleep by software, Gigabit/10 Gigabit Ethernet interface adopts SFP/SFP+ technology, which reduces the failure rate of industrial control network switches and their networks in smart grid substations and increases Continuous mean time between failures for increased availability. Support the normal work of the intelligent substation, and better realize the safe, reliable, economical and efficient operation of the power grid.

Description

A method to reduce the failure rate of industrial control network switches in smart grid substations

technical field

The invention relates to the field of power systems, in particular to a method for reducing the failure rate of an industrial control network switch in a smart grid substation.

Background technique

Smart grid is a new generation of power system formed on the basis of traditional power system by integrating new energy, new materials, new equipment and advanced sensor technology, information communication technology, control technology, energy storage technology and other new technologies. Features such as automation, automation, and interaction can better realize safe, reliable, economical, and efficient operation of the power grid. The development of smart grid is not only an important means to realize the revolution of energy production, consumption, technology and system in our country, but also an important basis for the development of energy Internet. The development of smart grid is conducive to further improving the ability of the grid to accept and optimize the allocation of various energy sources, and to realize the comprehensive deployment of energy production and consumption; it is conducive to promoting the scientific utilization of clean energy and distributed energy, so as to comprehensively build a safe, efficient and clean energy system. Modern energy security system; it is conducive to supporting the construction of new industrialization and new urbanization, improving the level of people's livelihood services; it is conducive to driving the transformation and upgrading of upstream and downstream industries, and realizing the overall improvement of my country's energy technology and equipment level

Substation is one of the important core links of smart grid. In order to meet the needs of intelligent substations, future substation equipment will gradually move towards functional integration and structural integration, the integration of primary and secondary equipment will be closer, and the boundaries will be more blurred. The realization of comprehensive analysis and automatic cooperative control is the key to the intelligentization of substations, and the digitalization of equipment information, functional integration, compact structure, and maintenance automation are the development directions. The industrial control network in the substation is a dedicated data communication network used to carry functional services such as protection, measurement and control, metering, PMU, and fault recording. It is mainly composed of industrial control network switches and cables. The industrial control network switch in the smart grid substation is the basic equipment of the smart substation automation system. In the data link layer, MAC address addressing is used to complete the Ethernet data frame forwarding and frame filtering functions, and realize the SV, GOOSE, MMS, and time synchronization in the smart substation. Information interacts in real time among devices at the process layer, bay layer, and station control layer.

The failure of the industrial control network switch in the smart grid substation will directly affect the normal operation of the smart substation, affect its basic functions such as information collection, measurement, control, protection, metering and monitoring, and support real-time automatic control of the power grid, intelligent regulation, online analysis and decision-making , collaborative interaction and other advanced application functions.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a method for reducing the failure rate of industrial control network switches in smart grid substations.

The solution adopted to achieve the above purpose is:

A method for reducing the failure rate of an industrial control network switch in a smart grid substation, the method comprising:

(1) Optimizing product design and manufacturing links;

(2) Optimizing project installation and construction links;

(3) Optimizing the use of operation and maintenance links.

Preferably, said step (1) includes:

(1-1) Adopt industrial-grade components and printed circuit boards;

(1-2) All components support hot swapping;

(1-3) Use a metal case with electromagnetic shielding and anti-static functions;

(1-4) The power supply adopts 1+1 redundant design and supports dual power supply;

(1-5) The electrical interface and the optical interface have the functions of shutting down and sleeping by software.

Preferably, said step (2) includes:

(2-1) The metal cabinet is well grounded so that the grounding resistance of the chassis is not greater than 10Ω, and the installation is fixed;

(2-2) Non-metallic flame-retardant optical cable is used. The single-mode fiber adopts the bend-insensitive single-mode fiber of ITU-T G.657 standard, and the multi-mode fiber adopts the multi-mode fiber of ITU-T G.651 standard;

(2-3) The network cable adopts the shielded twisted pair cable of six types of wires;

(2-4) The optical cable path adopts redundant backup connection mode.

Preferably, said step (3) includes:

(3-1) The electrical interface and optical interface that are not used for a long time shall be shut down by software;

(3-2) Temporarily unused electrical and optical interfaces are dormant by software;

(3-3) Expansion of ports and switching capabilities through stacking.

Further, the shutting down and the dormancy include:

a. Determine whether the electrical interface has not been used for more than 1 year, if so, use software to shut it down, if not, execute b;

b. Determine whether the electrical interface has not been used for more than 1 month, and if so, use software to sleep;

c. Determine whether the optical interface has not been used for more than 1 year, if so, use software to shut it down, if not, execute d;

d. Determine whether the optical interface has not been used for more than 1 month, and if so, use software to sleep.

Further, the stack includes:

a. Use SFP modules and optical fibers or stacking cables to connect each stacking unit;

b. The normal stacking connection between the stacking units is a staggered sequential connection of the uplink ports of adjacent stacking units, and the backup stack loopback connection is a staggered connection of the uplink ports of the uppermost and lowermost stacking units;

c. The formed stack is uplinked with two Gigabit or 10 Gigabit optical interfaces, and one uplink interface is provided from the uppermost and lowermost stacking units respectively;

d. The 10 Gigabit optical interface is designed in SFP+ mode, and the signal is transmitted by single-mode optical fiber.

Further, the redundant backup includes:

a. Each access switch and center switch are enabled in DLA mode, and the number of access switches does not exceed 24;

b. The two uplink optical interfaces of each access switch are respectively connected to the optical interfaces of two central switches through different optical cables;

c. There are no more than 24 optical interfaces on the access side of the central switch, four electrical or optical interfaces for redundant backup interconnection between the central switches, and one SFP+ 10G optical interface on the uplink side;

d. The 2 central switches are interconnected through 4 Category 6 network cables or 4 pairs of optical fiber redundant backup.

Compared with the closest prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. In the stage of product design and manufacturing, the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of poor environmental adaptability of commercial switch equipment, can adapt to the severe requirements of temperature, humidity, anti-interference, electromagnetic compatibility, mechanical strength, etc. in the substation, and can work normally in harsh environments. in an industrial environment. The product casing adopts a fully sealed fanless structure, and uses heat conduction and heat dissipation to guide the heat of key chips with high heat generation (such as: switching chips, CPU chips, PHY chips, etc.) to the casing, device heat source layout and heat conduction devices. The selection meets the design principles of minimum thermal resistance and thermal balance, realizes fanless design, overcomes the problem of affecting the normal service life of commercial switch equipment due to fan cooling failure, and prolongs the normal service life of industrial control network switch equipment in smart grid substations.

2. The present invention realizes anti-static, fire-proof and explosion-proof in engineering installation and construction stages, and eliminates hidden troubles of industrial control network switch equipment in smart grid substations. As a network cable, the Category 6 shielded twisted-pair cable has superior performance in terms of crosstalk and return loss, and is also superior in shielding electromagnetic interference. Optical cable routing redundant backup connection mode, each interconnection switch is turned on DLA (Distributed Link Aggregation) mode, complete 1+1 redundant backup of optical fiber links and 1+1 redundant backup and load balancing of dual-center switches, which can meet the power requirements The N-1 rule of the system, in the event of N-1 faults, can still guarantee normal operation.

3. In the stage of operation and maintenance of the present invention, through the stacking mode of the industrial control network switch in the smart grid substation, a stack body with a single management address can be regarded as one industrial control network switch in the smart grid substation to realize its expansion port and The function of expanding the switching capacity can meet the increasing demand for the number of ports and switching capacity of industrial control network switches in the process of substation intelligence, solve the problem of difficult expansion of existing switch ports and switching capabilities, and avoid problems caused by existing switch ports and switching capabilities Insufficient equipment update saves investment and facilitates unified operation and maintenance.

4. The electrical interface and optical interface of the present invention have the function of shutting down and dormant by software, the electrical interface and optical interface that are not used for a long time are shut down by software, and the electrical interface and optical interface that are not used temporarily are dormant by software, which can reduce interference noise , can reduce the overall power consumption, reduce the heat dissipation load, prolong the life of the interface, thereby prolonging the normal service life of the industrial control network switch equipment in the smart grid substation, and improving the availability of the industrial control network switch and its network in the smart grid substation.

5. The Gigabit or 10 Gigabit Ethernet electrical interface and optical interface of the present invention adopt a Small Form-factor Pluggable (SFP) design, which further compresses the size and reduces power consumption; at the same time, the Gigabit or 10 Gigabit interface is adopted As an uplink interface, it can reduce the network load, reduce the collision probability of Ethernet signals, and improve the real-time and time certainty of the network.

6. The single-mode optical fiber of the present invention adopts the bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber of the ITU-T G.657 standard, which can reduce the loss caused by the macro-bending and micro-bending of the optical fiber cable, facilitate the flexible deployment of the optical cable in the substation, and extend the length of the optical cable in the substation. At the same time, compared with multimode optical fiber, the overall power consumption of the corresponding optical fiber communication transmission system of single-mode optical fiber is lower, which is more suitable for the concept of green energy saving.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for reducing the failure rate of an industrial Ethernet switch and its network in a smart substation;

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of shutting down and dormancy in the software mode of the electrical interface and the optical interface;

Figure 3 is a connection flowchart for expanding ports and switching capabilities through stacking;

Fig. 4 is a diagram of redundant backup connection mode of optical cable routing;

Figure 5 is a connection diagram for expanding ports and switching capabilities by stacking 8 switches;

Figure 6: 110kV #1 interval optical cable routing and central switch 1+1 redundant backup connection diagram of a new intelligent substation;

Fig. 7 The connection application diagram of the industrial control network switch of the A network of the 500kV station control layer center in a new intelligent substation.

detailed description

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The industrial control network switch and its network in the smart grid substation are the basis for the interactive transmission of information in the smart substation. The technology used must meet the requirements of the substation business system for information transmission time, bandwidth, safety and reliability, and at the same time adapt to the depth of primary and secondary equipment. Integration and other technological development trends.

The invention adopts 1+1 redundant backup, stacking mode to expand ports and expand switching capabilities, six types of shielded twisted-pair cables are used as network cables, indoor and outdoor optical cables are non-metallic flame-retardant optical cables, optical fibers and pigtails adopt G.657 bending insensitive single Mode fiber or G.651 multimode fiber, electro-optical interface can be shut down and sleep by software, Gigabit/10 Gigabit Ethernet interface adopts SFP/SFP+ technology, which solves the high failure rate of industrial control network switches and their networks in smart grid substations Rate problems, increase continuous mean time between failures, and improve availability. Support the normal work of intelligent substations, provide a solid foundation for the automation system of intelligent substations, meet the needs of automation and intelligence in the operation and management of intelligent substations, and better realize the safe, reliable, economical and efficient operation of the power grid.

1. The difference between the industrial control network switch equipment and commercial switch equipment in the smart grid substation is shown in the table below.

The difference between industrial control network switch equipment and commercial switch equipment in a smart grid substation

2. In the stage of product design and manufacture, the present invention adopts specific measures of heat dissipation technology: the product casing adopts a fully sealed fanless structure, and the key chips with high heat generation (such as: exchange chips, CPU chips, PHY chip, etc.) heat into the chassis, device heat source layout and heat conduction device selection meet the design principles of minimum thermal resistance and thermal balance, realize fanless design, and overcome the problem of affecting the normal service life of commercial switch equipment due to fan cooling failure. The normal service life of the industrial control network switch equipment in the smart grid substation is extended.

3. In the stage of engineering installation and construction, the present invention adopts specific measures: the installation method adopts good grounding and fixed installation in the metal cabinet, the grounding resistance of the chassis is not greater than 10Ω, uses non-metallic flame-retardant optical cables, and adopts flame-retardant and rodent-proof sheaths The Category 6 shielded twisted pair is a network cable, which realizes anti-static, fireproof and explosion-proof, and eliminates the hidden danger of failure of industrial control network switch equipment in smart grid substations. As a network cable, the Category 6 shielded twisted-pair cable has superior performance in terms of crosstalk and return loss, and is also superior in shielding electromagnetic interference.

Three specific implementation cases are as follows.

Implementation case 1: Intelligent transformation of an existing substation 220kV #1 interval industrial control network process layer A network #1 switch port is seriously insufficient

In an existing substation, industrial control network switches are referred to as switches, and the ports of the existing #1 switches in the process layer A network of the 220kV #1 interval industrial control network have all been used. To carry out intelligent transformation, it is necessary to greatly expand the ports of the existing #1 switches. And it is required to expand its exchange capacity at the same time. If a new switch is replaced, the original switch cannot be reused, and new switch types will be added for operation and maintenance. Applying the method of the present invention, through the stacking mode of the industrial control network switches in the smart grid substation, a stack body with a single management address can be regarded as one industrial control network switch in the smart grid substation, and realize its functions of expanding ports and expanding switching capabilities , to meet the increasing demand for the number of ports and switching capacity of industrial control network switches in the process of substation intelligence, solve the problem of difficult expansion of existing switch ports and switching capabilities, and avoid equipment updates due to insufficient existing switch ports and switching capabilities, Save investment and facilitate unified operation and maintenance.

In an existing substation, the 220kV #1 interval industrial control network process layer A network has #1 switch ports: 24 100M electrical interfaces on the access side, 4 Gigabit optical interfaces on the uplink side, and 24 ports on the access side All the 100M electrical ports have been used. If 152 more 100M electrical ports need to be expanded, then 7 more switches of the same model are added. The formed stack has a single management address, such as an industrial control network switch in a smart grid substation, with ports: 8×24=192 100M electrical interfaces on the access side, and 4 Gigabit optical interfaces on the uplink side , using non-metallic flame-retardant optical cables and multimode optical fibers that meet the ITU-T G.651 standard as the connection of the four gigabit optical interfaces on the uplink side.

Ordinary stack connection is 7 segments: 1# Gigabit optical interface of 1# access switch uses 2 single-mode optical fibers with 1.31μm window of SFP module to connect 2# Gigabit optical interface and 2# connection of 2# access switch The 1# Gigabit optical interface of the input switch uses two single-mode optical fibers with a 1.31μm window of the SFP module to connect to the 2# Gigabit optical interface of the 3# access switch and the 1# Gigabit optical interface of the 3# access switch Use 2 single-mode optical fibers with a 1.31μm window of the SFP module to connect to the 2# Gigabit optical interface of the 4# access switch, and the 1# Gigabit optical interface of the 4# access switch uses 2 single-mode fibers with a 1.31μm window of the SFP module The mode fiber is connected to the 2# Gigabit optical interface of the 5# access switch, and the 1# Gigabit optical interface of the 5# access switch uses two single-mode fibers with a 1.31μm window of the SFP module to connect to the 6# access switch. The 2# Gigabit optical interface and the 1# Gigabit optical interface of the 6# access switch use two single-mode optical fibers with a 1.31μm window of the SFP module to connect to the 2# Gigabit optical interface and the 7# access switch of the 7# access end switch. The 1# Gigabit optical interface of the ingress switch uses two single-mode optical fibers with a 1.31μm window of the SFP module to connect to the 2# Gigabit optical interface of the 8# ingress switch; the loopback connection of the backup stack is 1 stage: 1# access The 2# Gigabit optical interface of the end switch uses two single-mode optical fibers with a 1.31μm window of the SFP module to connect to the 1# Gigabit optical interface of the 8# access end switch.

The formed stack is uplinked with 4 Gigabit optical interfaces, and 2 uplink interfaces are respectively provided from the uppermost and lowermost stacking units, that is, the 3# and 4# Gigabit optical interfaces of the 1# access switch and the 8 #The 3# and 4# gigabit optical interfaces of the access switch are used as the four uplink gigabit optical interfaces of the stack. The 4 uplink Gigabit optical interfaces on the uplink side are respectively connected to the Gigabit optical interfaces of the 2 central switches through 2 different routing optical cables, that is, the 3# and 4# Gigabit optical interfaces of the 1# access switch are routed through optical cables. 1. Connect the 3# and 4# gigabit optical interfaces of the central switch 1 and the 8# access switch to the central switch 2 through optical cable routing 2. The 1+1 redundant backup of two optical cables with different routes is formed, which can meet the N-1 criterion of the power system. In the case of an N-1 fault in the optical cable, the station control layer network can still guarantee normal operation. The 3# and 4# gigabit optical interfaces of the 2# to 7# access switches (6 units in total) are not used, and the SFP module is taken out of the optical interface, and the optical interface is shut down by software.

The 178 100M electrical interface signals of the equipment in this interval are connected to the stack, and the stack has 8 access switches. The existing switch is used as the #1 switch in the stack, and the 24 100M electrical interfaces on the access side maintain the existing connection status; 7 new switches of the same model are added, and each switch has 24 100M electrical interfaces The first 22 of them are connected to the 100M electrical interface signals of 22 bay layer equipment, 7 sets × 22 / set = 154, that is: the 100M electrical interface signals 1# to 24# of the bay equipment are connected to 1# The 1#~24# 100M electrical interface of the end switch, the 100M electrical interface signal 25#~46# of the interval device is connected to the 1#~22# 100M electrical interface of the 2# access switch, and the 100M electrical interface of the interval device Electrical interface signals 47#~68# are connected to 1#~22# 100M electrical interfaces of the 3# access switch, and 100M electrical interface signals 69#~90# of the interval equipment are connected to 1 of the 4# access switch #～22# 100M electrical interface, the 100M electrical interface signal 91#～112# of the interval equipment is connected to the 1#～22# 100M electrical interface of the 5# access switch, the 100M electrical interface signal of the interval equipment 113 #～134# is connected to 1#～22# 100M electrical interface of the 6# access switch, and 135#～156# of the interval equipment 100M electrical interface signal is connected to 1#～22# of the 7# access switch The 100M electrical interface, the 100M electrical interface signal 157#~178# of the interval equipment is connected to the 1#~22# 100M electrical interface of the 8# access switch. If the 23#~24# 100M electrical interfaces of each of the 7 newly added access switches are not used, these electrical interfaces shall be shut down by software, and the specific quantity is: 7 x 2 /set = 14.

Simultaneously, applying the present invention, electrical interface and optical interface software mode shutdown and dormancy process are shown in Fig. The electrical interface and optical interface are shut down by software, and the electrical interface and optical interface that are not used temporarily (that is, more than 1 month but not more than 1 year) are dormant by software, which can reduce interference noise, reduce overall power consumption, and reduce heat dissipation load. Extend the life of the interface, thereby prolonging the normal service life of the industrial control network switch equipment in the smart grid substation, and improving the availability of the industrial control network switch and its network in the smart grid substation.

Implementation case 2: 1+1 redundant backup of optical fiber links and 1+1 redundant backup of dual-center switches are required for a newly-built intelligent substation with 110kV#1 interval industrial control network process layer network has only one network

There is only one network in the process layer network of a 110kV#1-interval industrial control network in a newly-built intelligent substation. The industrial control network switch is referred to as a switch. Because it is responsible for the important high-speed rail power supply, the 1+1 redundancy of the uplink optical fiber link connected to the switch is required. Additional backup and central switch 1+1 redundant backup. Applying the present invention, the optical cable routing and the 1+1 redundant backup connection mode of the central switch are shown in FIG. 6 . In this 110kV#1 interval, there are 24 access switches and 2 central switches. The two 100M optical interfaces on the uplink side of each access switch are connected to two optical cables with different routes and respectively connected to the interfaces of the two central switches. The optical interface on the input side, the redundant backup interconnection between the two central switches is connected through four Gigabit electrical ports and four Category 6 network cables, each switch is powered by a dual-channel DC100V power supply, and each switch is enabled in DLA (Distributed LinkAggregation) mode , to complete the 1+1 redundant backup of the optical fiber link and the 1+1 redundant backup and load balancing of the dual-center switch, which can meet the N-1 criterion of the power system, and can still guarantee normal operation in the event of an N-1 failure . Because the single-point failure of the industrial control network switch and its network in the smart grid substation will directly affect the normal operation of the smart substation, affect its basic functions such as information collection, measurement, control, protection, metering and monitoring, and support real-time automatic control of the power grid. , intelligent adjustment, online analysis and decision-making, collaborative interaction and other advanced application functions.

Among them, non-metallic flame-retardant optical cables are used, and single-mode optical fibers adopt ITU-T G.657.A2 standard bend-insensitive single-mode optical fibers, which can reduce the loss caused by macro-bending and micro-bending of optical fiber cables, and facilitate the flexibility of optical cables in substations. Deployment can extend the normal service life of optical cables in substations; at the same time, compared with multimode optical fibers, the overall power consumption of the corresponding optical fiber communication transmission system for single-mode optical fibers is lower, which is more suitable for the concept of green energy saving.

At the same time, the Gigabit or 10 Gigabit Ethernet electrical interface and optical interface on the interconnection and uplink side of the dual-center switch adopt Small Form-factor Pluggable (SFP) design, and the 10 Gigabit optical interface adopts SFP+ mode, which further reduces the size and reduce power consumption; at the same time, using the 10G interface as the uplink interface can reduce the network load, reduce the collision probability of Ethernet signals, and improve the real-time and time certainty of the network. The SFP+ 10 Gigabit optical interface on the uplink side of the central switch is 10GBase-LR/LX4, the connected optical fiber and pigtail use G.657.A2 bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber, the working wavelength uses a 1.31μm window, and the GYFTZY model is non-metallic Flame retardant fiber optic cable.

The newly-built intelligent substation 110kV#1 interval industrial control network process layer network access switch connects and merges intelligent units, intelligent terminals and intelligent primary equipment through network cables. and rat-proof.

Implementation case 3: Application of industrial control network switch connection of 500kV station control layer center A network in a new intelligent substation

In a newly built intelligent substation, for the 500kV station control layer, the connection application of the industrial control network switch of the center A network is shown in Figure 7. Industrial control network switches are referred to as switches for short. Each interconnected switch is enabled in DLA (Distributed Link Aggregation) mode, and each switch is powered by a dual power supply (DC100V and DC200V). This implementation case consists of 2 central switches at the station control layer, a stack consisting of 4 switches at the station control layer in the 500kV secondary equipment room, 3 sets of 220kV station control layer switches, GYFTZY non-metallic flame-retardant optical cables and network cables, and the switches The installation method adopts good grounding in the metal cabinet and fixed installation, and the grounding resistance of the chassis is not greater than 10Ω. The interfaces of the central switch are 8 100M electrical interfaces, 4 1000M optical interfaces, and 5 SFP+ 10G optical interfaces. The interface of the access switch is 24 100M electrical interfaces and 4 Gigabit optical interfaces. GYFTZY non-metallic flame-retardant optical cable adopts G.657.A2 bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber for connecting pigtail and optical fiber. The Category 6 shielded twisted-pair cable with flame-retardant and rodent-proof sheath is used as the network cable, and the connector has a metal shielding layer and is well grounded.

1) There are two situations at the access end of the A network of the 500kV station control layer. First, in the A network of the station control layer of the 500kV secondary equipment room, a stack composed of 4 access-end switches completes its extended ports and extended switching capabilities. Common stack connection is 3 sections:

The 1# Gigabit optical interface of the 1# access switch uses two single-mode optical fibers with a 1.31μm window of the SFP module to connect to the 2# Gigabit optical interface of the 2# access switch and the 1# Gigabit optical interface of the 2# access switch. The mega-optical interface uses two single-mode optical fibers with a 1.31μm window of the SFP module to connect to the 2# Gigabit optical interface of the 3# access switch, and the 1# Gigabit optical interface of the 3# access switch uses a SFP module with a 1.31μm window 2 single-mode optical fibers are connected to the 2# Gigabit optical interface of the 4# access switch; the loopback connection of the backup stack is 1 section: the 2# Gigabit optical interface of the 1# access switch uses the SFP module 1.31μm window 2 A single-mode optical fiber is connected to the 1# Gigabit optical interface of the 4# access switch. The formed stack is uplinked with 2 Gigabit optical interfaces, and one uplink interface is provided from the uppermost and lowermost stacking units respectively, that is, the 4# Gigabit optical interface of the 1# access switch and the 4# access The 4# Gigabit optical port of the end switch is used as the two uplink Gigabit optical ports of the stack. The 2 uplink gigabit optical interfaces on the uplink side are respectively connected to the gigabit optical interfaces of the two central switches through 2 different routing optical cables, that is, the 4# gigabit optical interface of the 1# access switch is connected to the center through optical cable routing 1 The 4# gigabit optical interface of the switch 1 and the 4# access switch are connected to the central switch 2 through the optical cable route 2. The 1+1 redundant backup of two optical cables with different routes is formed, which can meet the N-1 criterion of the power system. In the case of an N-1 fault in the optical cable, the station control layer network can still guarantee normal operation. The 3# Gigabit optical interfaces of the 4 access-end switches and the 4# Gigabit optical interfaces of the 2# and 3# access-end switches are not used, and the SFP module is removed from the optical interface, and the optical interface is shut down by software .

The 80 100M electrical interface signals of the equipment in this interval are connected to the stack, and among the 4 access switches, the first 20 of the 24 100M electrical interfaces of each switch are connected to 20 100M electrical interfaces of the interval layer Electrical interface signals, 4 units × 20 units/unit = 80 units, that is, the 100M electrical interface signals 1# to 20# of the equipment on the bay layer are connected to the 1# to 20# 100M electrical interface of the 1# access switch, and the bay layer The equipment 100M electrical interface signal 21#～40# is connected to the 1#～20# 100M electrical interface of the 2# access terminal switch, and the equipment 100M electrical interface signal 41#～60# is connected to the 3# access terminal The 1#~20# 100M electrical interface of the switch and the 100M electrical interface signal 61#~80# of the bay layer equipment are connected to the 1#~20# 100M electrical interface of the 4# access switch. If the 21#-24# 100M electrical interfaces of each of the 4 access-end switches are not in use, these electrical interfaces are shut down by software, and the specific number is: 4 x 4 /set = 16.

Second, in the 220kV station control layer A network, for the three 220kV public secondary equipment room station control layer switches 1#, 2# and 3#, the access side is respectively connected to the local bay layer equipment through the 100M electrical interface (such as protection measurement and control, fault recording, electric energy metering and other intelligent equipment, etc.), the two uplink gigabit optical interfaces on the uplink side are respectively connected to the gigabit optical interfaces of two central switches through two different routing optical cables, that is, optical cables Route 1 is connected to central switch 1, and optical cable route 2 is connected to central switch 2. The 1+1 redundant backup of two optical cables with different routes is formed, which can meet the N-1 criterion of the power system. In the case of an N-1 fault in the optical cable, the station control layer network can still guarantee normal operation. At the same time, for the other two uplink Gigabit optical interfaces and the unused 100M electrical interface of each access switch, the software shutdown and sleep process is shown in Figure 2: "2.1 Factory default: electrical interface is enabled Normal; 2.2 Has the electrical interface not been used for more than 1 year? If so, execute 2.3; ;2.5 Is the electrical interface not in use for more than 1 month? If so, execute 2.6; if not, execute 2.8; 2.6 The electrical interface adopts software mode to sleep; Factory default: the optical interface is turned on normally; 2.9 Is the optical interface not used for more than one year?, if it is executed, 2.10, if not, execute 2.12; 2.10, the optical interface is shut down by software; 2.11 Is the optical interface enabled? 2.8, if no, execute 2.10; 2.12 Has the optical interface not been used for more than 1 month?, if it executes 2.13, if no, execute 2.15; 2.13 The optical interface uses software to sleep; 2.14 Is the optical interface enabled?, If it executes 2.8, If not, execute 2.13; 2.15 runs normally."

2) At the central end of the A network of the 500kV station control layer, in order to reduce the failure rate of the central switch, the method of the present invention is applied to configure the central switches of the A network in the two equipment rooms to increase the invulnerability of the network, and the 500kV and public secondary Equipment room 1 is equipped with station control layer center switch 1 (Network A), 500kV and public secondary equipment room 2 is equipped with station control layer center switch 2 (A network). The two station control layer center switches are connected by 4 SFP+ million G.657.A2 bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber is used for the mega-optical interface, connecting pigtail and optical fiber, and GYFTZY non-metallic flame-retardant optical cable is used for redundant backup interconnection. The uplink side of the two station control layer center switches each has a One SFP+ 10 Gigabit optical interface is uplinked through G.657.A1 pigtail and optical fiber. Then the two station control layer center switches can achieve load balancing and sharing, and have 1+1 redundancy backup capability, which can meet the N-1 criterion of the power system, and can still guarantee normal operation in the event of an N-1 failure . Because the single-point failure of the industrial control network switch and its network in the smart grid substation will directly affect the normal operation of the smart substation, affect its basic functions such as information collection, measurement, control, protection, metering and monitoring, and support real-time automatic control of the power grid. , intelligent adjustment, online analysis and decision-making, collaborative interaction and other advanced application functions. The access side of these two station control layer center switches is connected to the 500kV/220kV station control layer A network access switch, and the station control layer equipment in the 500kV and public secondary equipment room (such as PMU device, metering and power quality, message recording and fault recording, etc.).

3) The industrial control network switch is referred to as a switch. The method of the present invention is applied to the switch. In the product design and manufacturing stage: industrial-grade components and printed circuit boards are used, all components support hot swapping, and the electromagnetic compatibility meets EN50081-2 ( Industrial-grade EMC) and EN50082-2 (industrial-grade EMC) standards, using metal chassis with electromagnetic shielding and anti-static functions, power supply adopts 1+1 redundant design, dual power supply, electrical interface and optical interface have software mode In the engineering installation and construction stage: the installation method adopts good grounding and fixed installation in the metal cabinet, the grounding resistance of the chassis is not greater than 10Ω, non-metallic flame-retardant optical cable is used, and the single-mode optical fiber adopts ITU-T G.657 standard The bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber and multi-mode optical fiber adopt ITU-T G.651 standard multi-mode optical fiber, the network cable adopts the shielded twisted-pair cable of six types of wires, and the sheath is flame-retardant and rat-proof, and the optical cable routing is redundantly backed up The connection method completes the 1+1 redundant backup of the optical fiber link and the 1+1 redundant backup and load balancing of the dual-center switch. Shutdown by software, temporarily (more than 1 month but not more than 1 year) unused electrical and optical interfaces are dormant by software, and expand ports and switching capabilities through stacking.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application rather than to limit the scope of protection thereof. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: After reading this application, those skilled in the art can still make various changes, modifications or equivalent replacements to the specific implementation methods of the application, but these changes, modifications or equivalent replacements are all within the protection scope of the pending claims of the application.

Claims (7)

1. A method for reducing the failure rate of an industrial control network switch in a smart grid substation, characterized in that the method comprises: (1) optimize the design and manufacture link of described network switch; (2) optimize the installation and construction links of the network switch; (3) Optimizing the use, operation and maintenance of the network switch. 2. method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step (1) comprises: (1-1) Adopt industrial-grade components and printed circuit boards; (1-2) The components used for the network switch support hot swapping; (1-3) Use a metal case with electromagnetic shielding and anti-static functions; (1-4) The power supply adopts 1+1 redundant design and supports dual power supply; (1-5) The electrical interface and the optical interface have the functions of shutting down and sleeping by software. 3. method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step (2) comprises: (2-1) Metal cabinets with grounding resistance not greater than 10Ω and fixed installation are adopted; (2-2) Non-metallic flame-retardant optical cable is used. The single-mode fiber adopts the bend-insensitive single-mode fiber of ITU-T G.657 standard, and the multi-mode fiber adopts the multi-mode fiber of ITU-T G.651 standard; (2-3) The network cable adopts the shielded twisted pair cable of six types of wires; (2-4) The optical cable path adopts redundant backup connection mode. 4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described step (3) comprises: (3-1) The electrical interface and optical interface that are not used for a long time shall be shut down by software; (3-2) Temporarily unused electrical and optical interfaces are dormant by software; (3-3) Expansion of ports and switching capabilities through stacking. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein said shutting down and said hibernation comprise: a. Determine whether the electrical interface has not been used for more than 1 year, if so, use software to shut it down, if not, execute b; b. Determine whether the electrical interface has not been used for more than 1 month, and if so, use software to sleep; c. Determine whether the optical interface has not been used for more than 1 year, if so, use software to shut it down, if not, execute d; d. Determine whether the optical interface has not been used for more than 1 month, and if so, use software to sleep. 6. The method of claim 4, wherein said stacking comprises: a. Connect each stacking unit with SFP module, optical fiber or stacking cable; b. The normal stacking connection between the stacking units is a staggered sequential connection of the uplink ports of adjacent stacking units, and the backup stack loopback connection is a staggered connection of the uplink ports of the uppermost and lowermost stacking units; c. The formed stack is uplinked with two Gigabit or 10 Gigabit optical interfaces, and one uplink interface is provided from the uppermost and lowermost stacking units respectively; d. The 10 Gigabit optical interface is designed in SFP+ mode, and the signal is transmitted by single-mode optical fiber. 7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the redundant backup comprises: a. Each access switch and center switch are enabled in DLA mode, and the number of access switches does not exceed 24; b. The two uplink optical interfaces of each access switch are respectively connected to the optical interfaces of two central switches through different optical cables; c. There are no more than 24 optical interfaces on the access side of the central switch, four electrical or optical interfaces for redundant backup interconnection between the central switches, and one SFP+ 10G optical interface on the uplink side; d. The 2 central switches are interconnected through 4 Category 6 network cables or 4 pairs of optical fiber redundant backup.