CN106195040A - A kind of long flexible universal drive shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a long telescopic cardan shaft. The long telescopic cardan shaft includes a spline set, splines arranged inside the spline set and outside the spline shaft, and balance grooves arranged on the spline set and the spline shaft, and the spline set includes splines. The key sleeve, and the fork head, hole-making bolts and nuts connected with the spline sleeve through seam positioning. Under the cooperation of the spline sleeve and the spline shaft through the spline, the present invention realizes the torque transmission of the long expansion and contraction amount of the universal joint SWP type, and under the adjustment of the balance weight, the universal joint shaft is realized The dynamic balance can also be ensured when the torque is transmitted by the long stretching amount.

Description

A long telescopic cardan shaft

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of universal joints, and in particular relates to a long telescopic universal joint shaft.

Background technique

The cross-shaft universal joint is a general-purpose transmission base. Its main feature is that it can connect two transmission shafts that are not on the same axis, and can reliably transmit torque and motion. It has high load-bearing capacity and long service life. , stable operation, no noise, large amount of axial compensation, easy maintenance and so on.

There are four types of cross shaft cardan shaft couplings according to their bearing fixing methods: SWP type (split bearing seat), SWZ type (integral bearing seat), SWC type (integral fork head) and SWB type (half fork). In our country, SWP type, SWC type and SWZ type have formulated industry standards, formed specialized production, and achieved good economic and social benefits.

However, the expansion and contraction of the existing SWP type cross-shaft universal joint can no longer meet the growing industrial requirements. Even when the expansion and contraction are satisfied, it is difficult to achieve dynamic balance when transmitting torque, and a large amount of power will be wasted and lost. , low torque transmission efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a long telescopic cardan shaft to solve the problems of insufficient telescopic amount of the existing SWP type cardan shaft and poor dynamic balance when the telescopic amount is long.

For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

A long telescopic cardan shaft, comprising a spline set, a spline shaft arranged in the spline set, and a balance groove arranged on the spline set and the spline shaft, the spline set includes a spline sleeve , and the fork that is connected with the spline through the seam positioning.

Preferably, both the splined shaft and the splined sleeve are connected with the cross head.

Preferably, the cross wrap is also connected with the flange.

Preferably, the spline set also includes a nut for positioning the spline and the fork, a loose washer and a bolt for making holes.

Preferably, several balance weights are arranged in the balance tank.

Preferably, the balance weight includes a left balance weight and a right balance weight fixedly connected by screws.

Preferably, the balance groove is 0.4mm-0.6mm larger than the width of the balance weight.

Preferably, the spline shaft and the spline sleeve are made of alloy steel.

The long telescopic cardan shaft provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) Long expansion and contraction: the spline set includes the spline set and the fork head which is connected with the spline set through the seam positioning. The spline set adopts a combined structure, and the diameter of the spline set is larger than the spline outer diameter, which increases the space for the spline to expand and contract in the spline sleeve. The expansion and contraction L part of the spline sleeve is the length of the inner cavity. There is no spline on the L length, and the expansion and contraction L is SWP type (JB3241 -2005) in the large telescopic long type -F telescopic amount 2-3 times.

(2) Stable transmission strength: the fork head and the spline sleeve in the spline sleeve set are positioned with notches, and are positioned and pressed with reaming hole bolts, so that the transmission strength can also be guaranteed when the spline sleeve is lengthened, and the positioning accuracy and accuracy can be improved. The reliability of torque transmission has the advantages of convenient disassembly and maintenance.

(3) High balance precision: the spline shaft and spline sleeve are mounted on the balance groove made by the machine, and the balance weight is installed on the balance groove instead of welding to adjust the balance accuracy. By selecting balance weights of different weights and quantities, it can be The requirements for balance accuracy are adjusted accurately at any time, avoiding the extensive balance method of welded balance blocks, the dynamic balance accuracy is high, the grade can reach G2.5, and the quality hidden dangers caused by welding stress and welding cracks can be avoided.

(4) The spline sleeve of the cardan shaft has been quenched and tempered, and the overall mechanical properties are good. The spline shaft has been subjected to high-frequency quenching treatment to ensure high hardness and strength.

(5) The connecting bolts of the cardan shaft are all high-strength standard bolts above grade 10, which is safe.

(6) The main parts of the cardan shaft, such as nuts, loose washers and bolts for making holes, are all made of die forgings, which are small in size, light in weight and high in strength.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a long telescopic cardan shaft.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the spline sleeve of the structure diagram of the long telescopic cardan shaft.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic amount of the long telescopic cardan shaft.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spline set of the long telescopic cardan shaft.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dynamic balance frame of the long telescopic cardan shaft.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the balance weight of the long telescopic cardan shaft.

Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged view of the balance weight A-A of the long telescopic cardan shaft.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the balance weight of the long telescopic cardan shaft.

Among them, 1. Spline set; 2. Balance block; 3. Spline shaft; 4. Cross bag; 5. Flange; 6. Balance groove; 7. Spline sleeve; 8. Spline; 9. End cover ;10, fork head; 11, nut; 12, anti-loosening gasket; 13, dumpling bolt; 14, support point; 15, dynamic balancing machine input shaft; 16, dynamic balance frame; 17, left balance weight; Right balance weight; 19, screw.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiment of technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail:

According to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1, the long telescopic cardan shaft provided by this solution includes a spline set 1, a spline shaft 3 and a spline 8 sleeved in the spline set 1, And the balance groove 6 arranged on the spline set 1 and the spline shaft 3; the spline 8 is also sleeved outside the spline shaft 3; the spline set 1 includes the spline set 7, and the spline The key cover 7 is positioned and connected to the provided fork 10 through the seam.

Both the spline shaft 3 and the spline sleeve 7 are connected with the upper cross shaft of the cross pack 4, and the upper cross shaft of the cross pack 4 is also connected with the flange 5 to play the role of connection and fixation.

As shown in Figure 4, the spline sleeve 7 and the fork head 10 in the spline sleeve group 1 are positioned by the notch, and under the action of the bolt 13 for the dumpling hole, the nut 11 and the loosening washer 12, the fork head 10 and the fork head 10 are fixed together. The key sleeve 7 is positioned and pressed tightly, so that the strength can be transmitted even when the spline sleeve 7 is lengthened, and while ensuring positioning accuracy and torque transmission, it also has the characteristics of convenient disassembly and maintenance.

Both the spline shaft and the spline sleeve are made of alloy steel.

A plurality of balance weights 2 are arranged in the balance tank 6 , as shown in FIG. 6 , the balance weight 2 includes a left balance weight 17 and a right balance weight 18 fixedly connected by screws 19 .

As shown in Figure 6, the left balance weight 17 and the right balance weight 18 are composed of two rings, and the inner diameter R1 matches the outer circle of the root of the balance tank 6. After being cut, different θ angles have different weights. The left balance weight 17 and the right balance weight 18 are grouped together, and the two joint surfaces are drilled and tapped. The balance groove 6 is 0.4-0.6 mm wider than the balance weight 2, and preferably the balance groove 6 is 0.5 mm wider than the balance weight 2. mm.

As shown in Figure 7, when the balance weight 2 is assembled, first put a left balance weight 17 into the balance groove 6 to make the two slopes stick together, then put the other right balance weight 18, and screw the screw after the threaded holes are aligned. 19 is screwed in, when the screw 19 withstands the root of the balance groove 6, the left balance weight 17 and the right balance weight 18 are turned outward as a whole, so that the left and right slopes are close to the two slopes of the balance groove, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly, and at the same time, the balance can be adjusted during maintenance The number of blocks composed of 2 to achieve the balance requirements of the coupling.

As shown in Figure 8, when dismantling the balance weight 2, the screw 19 is unscrewed and taken out first, then the left balance weight 17 is pushed out to the left, and the right balance weight 18 is pushed out to the right direction, and the balance weight can be taken out after being staggered.

As shown in Figure 2, the cross-sectional structure is a spline pair, the outer layer of which is a spline sleeve 7, and the inner layer is a spline shaft 3. The side gap spacing is 0.03mm-0.08mm, and the top gap spacing is 0.05mm-0.08mm.

The inner spline sleeve 7 and the spline shaft 3 of the spline pair are strengthened by heat treatment, and the hardness reaches 40-55HRC, and it is processed by wire cutting and grinding to ensure that the roughness of the mating surface is Ra0.8, so as to ensure that the spline 8 overlaps The degree is greater than 90%, which improves the bearing capacity and wear resistance of the spline 8.

The specific principle of the telescopic length is shown in Figure 3. The cardan shaft cooperates with the spline pair of the spline shaft 3 through the spline sleeve 7 to ensure the transmitted torque. The matching length of the spline pair is the effective length of the spline 8. Yes, because there is a gap in the spline pair, that is, the spline shaft 3 can slide freely in the spline sleeve 7, that is, it can expand and contract axially.

The spline shaft 3 at the right end is pressed to the left as a whole until it reaches the left end cover 9, which is the shortest length L1 of the universal joint shaft, and pulled out to the right until the maximum length L2 of the universal joint shaft, the expansion and contraction amount is L2-L1 , that is, the inner cavity length of the spline sleeve 7.

The main feature of the long telescopic cardan shaft is that the spline sleeve group 1 adopts a combined structure, and the diameter of the inner cavity of the spline sleeve 7 is larger than the outer diameter of the spline shaft 3, thus lengthening the space for the spline shaft 3 to expand and contract in the spline sleeve 7. The expansion and contraction L part in the spline sleeve composition is the length of the cavity of the spline sleeve set 1.

Its stretching amount L is 2-3 times that of the large telescopic long type-F in the universal coupling SWP type (JB3241-2005), and the maximum stretching amount of the SWP type (JB3241-2005) is 150-380mm, The maximum expansion and contraction of the long telescopic cardan shaft is 300-1000mm, which is far greater than the maximum expansion and contraction of the swivel coupling SWP type (JB3241-2005).

When reaching the maximum stretching amount, it is also necessary to ensure the dynamic balance when transmitting torque.

The principle of dynamic balance is specifically shown in Figure 5. Put the cardan shaft into the dynamic balance frame, and fix the cardan shaft in the dynamic balance frame 16 through the fitting of the flanges at both ends and the bolt connection of the flanges at both ends. The entire dynamic balance The frame 16 is placed on the dynamic balancing machine through the rolling support points 14 at both ends.

Input the distance between the balance tank and the fulcrum and the size of the outer circle of the installation position of the balance weight 2, the dynamic balancing machine drives the universal shaft to rotate through the rotation of the input shaft, and the corresponding electronic detection will display the size and orientation of the unbalance on the detector, and operate Those who choose the corresponding size of the balance block 2 can be assembled into the balance groove 6 at both ends, and then carry out the dynamic balance test until the unbalanced amount is within the allowable range.

Although the specific embodiment of the invention has been described in detail in conjunction with the drawings, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this patent. Within the scope described in the claims, various modifications and deformations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative efforts still belong to the protection scope of this patent.

Claims (9)

1. A long telescopic cardan shaft, characterized in that it includes a spline set (1), a spline shaft (3) and a spline (8) sleeved in the spline set (1), and a set The balance groove (6) on the spline set (1) and the spline shaft (3); The spline sleeve set (1) includes a spline sleeve (7) and a fork (10) connected with the spline sleeve (7) through a seam positioning connection. 2. The spline (8) is also sleeved on the outside of the spline shaft (3). 3. The long telescopic cardan shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: both the spline shaft (3) and the spline sleeve (7) are connected with the cross head (4). 4. The long telescopic cardan shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: the cross bag (4) is also connected to the flange (5). 5. The long telescopic cardan shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spline sleeve set (1) further includes a nut (11) for positioning the spline sleeve (7) and the fork (10) , Loosen the washer (12) and the bolts (13) for making holes. 6. The long telescopic cardan shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the balance groove (6) is provided with several balance weights (2). 7. The long telescopic cardan shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that: the balance weight (2) includes a left balance weight (17) and a right balance weight (18) fixedly connected by screws (19). 8. The long telescopic cardan shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that: the balance groove (6) is 0.4 mm-0.6 mm wider than the balance weight (2). 9. The long telescopic cardan shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material of the spline shaft (3) and the spline sleeve (7) is alloy steel.