CN106192449A - A kind of production method of full water-based environment-friendly microfiber leather - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing full-aqueous environment-friendly superfine fiber leather, which comprises the following steps: 1) preparing non-woven fabric: water-soluble PVA is used as sea, PET or PA6 is used as island to prepare sea island superfine fiber; 2) impregnation treatment of the aqueous polyurethane resin: adopting aqueous polyurethane slurry to carry out forced four-dipping four-rolling dipping; 3) and (3) water-based fiber opening and PVA removing decrement treatment, namely passing the water-based fabric after shaping through a continuous washing machine to totally eight washing tanks, wherein the water temperature is sequentially controlled as follows: one groove at 40-50 ℃, two grooves at 60-70 ℃, two grooves at 80-95 ℃ and 3 grooves at normal temperature; repeatedly washing and cleaning PVA to ensure that the fibers are thoroughly superfine to achieve fiber opening, and then shaping and drying the base fabric after fiber opening to obtain the water-based sea-island superfine bass; 4) and (5) dry dough making treatment. The whole preparation process of the invention does not use organic solvent, and the prepared pure water environment-friendly sea-island fiber leather achieves the absolute green environment protection and exceeds the super-real leather performance of natural leather, and has the advantages of reducing the production cost, protecting animals and ecological environment and the like.

Description

A kind of production method of full water-based environment-friendly microfiber leather

technical field

The invention relates to the field of making microfiber leather, in particular to a method for making all-water-based environment-friendly superfine fiber leather.

Background technique

As the fourth generation of synthetic leather, sea island microfiber leather has completely surpassed genuine leather in terms of physical and chemical properties. At present, it has gradually replaced genuine leather in the fields of footwear, sofa furniture, car interiors, luggage gloves, etc., and its consumption has already accounted for half of the genuine leather. I believe that In the future, as the environmental performance of microfiber leather improves, the amount of microfiber leather will increase. The continuous improvement of people's living standards has led to higher and higher requirements for the quality of life, especially under the strong national energy-saving and emission-reduction policies, higher requirements are placed on the environmental protection of microfiber leather products that replace genuine leather, especially the development of materials The environmental protection and environmental protection of the process, the whole production and processing process does not use organic solvents, this water-based technology is the key direction of future leather product development, and it is also the main research topic of various scientific research institutes.

At present, domestic microfiber leather has been produced, but they are all non-environmental protection products. Due to the technical characteristics of ordinary sea island microfiber leather, it cannot solve the environmental protection of the material itself and the environmental protection of the process, especially DMF in leather. Technical problems such as the volatilization of toluene, odor, VOC and other harmful substances have not been solved. The above-mentioned products cannot meet the requirements of green environmental protection, and also cannot meet the environmental protection index requirements of high-end furniture, footwear and leather for automobiles.

Therefore, at present, a large amount of chemical treatment agents are used in the processing and production of natural leather and regenerated leather from animals, which has caused huge environmental pollution. At the same time, the smell and physical properties of the leather itself cannot meet the air quality standards for high-end furniture and car interiors. .

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for making fully water-based environmentally friendly superfine fiber leather. The whole production process does not use organic solvents, and the prepared pure water-based environmentally friendly sea-island fiber leather is absolutely green and environmentally friendly and exceeds the performance of natural leather. It has the advantages of reducing production cost, protecting animals and ecological environment, and the like.

In order to achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention is:

A kind of production method of full water-based environment-friendly microfiber leather, its production steps are as follows:

1) Preparation of nonwoven fabric:

Water-soluble PVA is used as the sea, PET or PA6 is used as the island to make Dingdao sea-island superfine fiber, and the Dingdao sea-island superfine fiber is made into a non-woven fabric by carding and acupuncture, and the non-woven fabric is used as a superfine fiber leather. Skeleton material;

2) Waterborne polyurethane resin impregnation treatment:

The nonwoven fabric in step 1) is sent to the wet production line for impregnation with water-based PU resin, and the water-based polyurethane slurry is used for forced four-dipping and four-rolling impregnation; after that, pre-setting treatment and drying and setting treatment are carried out sequentially to obtain the water-based base after setting. cloth;

3) Water-based fiber opening to remove PVA weight reduction treatment:

After the finalized water-based base fabric is passed through the continuous washing machine, there are a total of eight washing tanks. The water temperature is sequentially controlled as follows: one tank at 40-50°C, two tanks at 60-70°C, two tanks at 80-95°C, and three tanks at room temperature; Repeated washing and cleaning of PVA makes the fibers thoroughly ultra-fine to achieve fiber opening, and the base fabric after fiber opening is then shaped and dried to form a water-based island ultra-fine bass;

4) Dry dough processing:

Fully water-based microfiber leather can be obtained by applying the water-based sea-island ultra-fine bass dry method obtained in step 3) to a solvent-free veneer or using a water-based PU veneer.

In the step 2), the formula of water-based polyurethane slurry: 20-30% of water-based PU resin, 2-3% of anti-swimming agent, 3-5% of ammonium sulfate, and the balance of water.

In the step 2), the pre-setting treatment process is that the impregnated water-based base cloth is pretreated by a 25-meter oven setting machine to prevent water-based polyurethane from swimming, the production speed is 11m/min, and the temperature is 110-130°C; The shaping treatment process is to pass the pre-shaped water-based base fabric through a 22.5-meter oven at a speed of 22m/min and a temperature of 160°C for drying and shaping.

Dyeing treatment is also carried out before the step 4) treatment, and the water-based sea-island ultra-fine bass obtained in step 3) is dyed with a dye after the sanding process to obtain a dyed bass; the dyed bass after the dyeing and drying is then subjected to a dermabrasion treatment. Suede water-based microfiber leather.

The manufacturing method also includes step 5) surface treatment: using water-based PU material for surface treatment, so as to fuse with all water-based microfibers to form the surface structure of water-based microfiber leather.

After adopting the above scheme, the present invention has a kind of all-water-based environment-friendly microfiber leather manufacturing method. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect is that the present invention fills the gap in the domestic production and research of all-water-based Dingdao sea-island microfiber leather, and adopts water-soluble PVA/PET (PA6) microfiber is processed by water-based fiber opening method to manufacture sea-island microfiber leather, and no organic solvent is used in the whole production process. The present invention is committed to developing a pure water-based environmentally friendly sea-island fiber leather that can be used for fabrics such as sofa furniture, shoes, and automotive interiors, so that its performance can reach and exceed that of natural leather, and can reduce production costs to protect For the purpose of animals and the ecological environment, to achieve a low-carbon economy and reduce the killing of animals, that is, to reduce the carbon emissions of animals in breeding.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, this case is described in further detail.

This case involves a production method of all-water-based environmentally friendly microfiber leather, and the production steps are as follows:

1) Preparation of nonwoven fabric:

Water-soluble PVA is used as the sea, PET or PA6 is used as the island to make Dingdao sea-island superfine fiber, and the Dingdao sea-island superfine fiber is made into a non-woven fabric by carding and acupuncture, and the non-woven fabric is used as a superfine fiber leather. Skeleton material;

The nonwoven fabric made has the nonwoven fabric of certain strength, density and thickness, concrete one embodiment, bulk density reaches 0.24-0.25g/cm3, nonwoven fabric gram weight is determined to be 300 grams/square meter (also can make 500 grams/square meter). More than gram or even higher gram weight), for the needs of the next process.

2) Waterborne polyurethane resin impregnation treatment:

The nonwoven fabric in step 1) is sent to the wet production line for impregnation with water-based PU resin, and the water-based polyurethane slurry is used for forced four-dipping and four-rolling impregnation; after that, pre-setting treatment and drying and setting treatment are carried out sequentially to obtain the water-based base after setting. cloth;

The water-based PU resin impregnation does not contain DMF, an organic solvent, and is ecological and environmentally friendly. The formula of water-based polyurethane slurry: 20-30% of water-based PU resin (HA-107C), 2-3% of anti-swimming agent (CL-02), 3-5% of ammonium sulfate, and the balance of water. A specific example, 25% of water-based PU resin, 1% of anti-swimming agent, 4% of ammonium sulfate, and 70% of water _H2O .

The water-based resin impregnated formula of the present invention is completely different from the traditional organic solvent formula, and the water-based resin has introduced hydrophilic groups and can be miscible with water. Four impregnations and four rollings are used in the treatment. The purpose is to make the resin fully penetrate into the middle of the base fabric. Four times is the optimized process conclusion. If the number of times is small, the resin cannot penetrate completely, and the effect will be weakened if the number of times is too high.

In addition, in the treatment process, controlling the excess rate and process speed is also the key point, so that the resin can completely enter the base fabric and can leave the impregnation tank without swimming. The pre-setting treatment process can use vertical far-infrared technology for shaping to prevent swimming, and an oven setting machine can also be used. Specifically, the impregnated water-based base fabric is pretreated by a 20-30-meter oven setting machine to prevent water-based polyurethane swimming. , the production speed is 10-13m/min, and the temperature is 110-130℃. A specific example of the drying and shaping treatment process is that the pre-shaped water-based base fabric is then passed through a 20-25 meter oven at a speed of 20-25m/min and a temperature of 150-170°C for drying and shaping. In a specific embodiment, the impregnated water-based base cloth is pretreated by a 25-meter oven setting machine to prevent water-based polyurethane from swimming. The production speed is 11 m/min, and the temperature is 110-130° C. A specific example of the drying and shaping treatment process is that the pre-shaped water-based base fabric is then passed through a 22.5-meter oven at a speed of 22 m/min and a temperature of 160°C for drying and shaping.

3) Water-based fiber opening to remove PVA weight reduction treatment:

After the finalized water-based base fabric is passed through the continuous washing machine, there are a total of eight washing tanks. The water temperature is sequentially controlled as follows: one tank at 40-50°C, two tanks at 60-70°C, two tanks at 80-95°C, and three tanks at room temperature; A specific example is one tank at 40°C, two tanks at 60°C, two tanks at 95°C, and three tanks at room temperature; repeated washing and cleaning of PVA makes the fibers thoroughly ultra-fine to achieve fiber opening, and the base fabric after fiber opening is shaped and dried. The water-based island ultra-fine bass is used for the next process; the washed out PVA can be recycled and sold as paint.

Because PVA is polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl alcohol is a water-soluble fiber, it can be dissolved in any proportion in 80-90 degree water generally. What the present invention adopts is also polyvinyl alcohol material as "sea component". This polyvinyl alcohol is After modification, it can be miscible with water in any proportion at a temperature of 40-50 degrees, so that it can be separated from the sea-island fiber. The "island components" of PET fibers are completely separated to form ultrafine fibers; while water can still be recycled after filtration, polyvinyl alcohol can still be recycled to make coating materials, so as to achieve the traditional method that does not need toluene (dissolved PE) or The new process of removing "sea components" by using sodium hydroxide (dissolved COPET) high temperature method, this process has excellent environmental protection performance, will not cause any pollution to the environment, and does not produce sewage. It is the most environmentally friendly process technology in the world today.

4) Dry dough processing:

The water-based sea-island ultra-fine bass obtained in step 3) is directly subjected to dry surface-making treatment, that is, solvent-free veneer or water-based PU veneer can be used to obtain fully water-based microfiber leather.

This step 4) can also be dyed before the treatment. The water-based sea-island ultra-fine bass obtained in step 3) is dyed with a dye after the sanding process to obtain a dyed bass; Suede water-based microfiber leather.

Said dyeing, if the island fiber is polyester, it needs to be dyed with disperse dyes, and if the island fiber is nylon, it needs to be dyed with acid dye.

The production method also includes step 5) surface treatment: using water-based PU material for surface treatment, so as to fuse with all-water-based ultrafine fibers to form a special structure, truly achieve the surface structure of water-based ultra-fiber skin, and realize various surface physical properties. performance.

The processed product can also go through continuous kneading to become the all-water-based sea-island microfiber leather of the present invention.

To sum up, in this case, a kind of all-water-based environmentally friendly microfiber leather production method, how to technically do not use organic solvents in the entire manufacturing process, to achieve microfiber leather with process materials that are environmentally friendly and green and can achieve the structural characteristics of imitation leather is the subject of the present invention. The key, in terms of structure, the present invention imitates the three-dimensional structure and chemical composition of natural leather, and develops a fully water-based green and environmentally friendly sea-island microfiber leather. 5um) and PVA/PET (or PA6) sea-island microfibers with similar properties (skeleton material); needle-punched non-woven technology with a three-dimensional network structure; water-based PU resin processing with excellent refillability and porous high physical properties It is processed to achieve the characteristics of natural leather by meeting the three requirements.

The design idea and the advantages and effects of the present invention are further explained below:

1. The present invention mainly adopts water-soluble PVA to make the sea, uses PET (PA6) as the fixed island sea-island fiber made of the island, and makes the sea-island fiber to make the skeleton material of imitation leather by carding and acupuncture, after being impregnated with water-based polyurethane, and then Washing off the PVA during the washing process makes the material have a stable breathable porous structure, and at the same time completely dissolves the PVA sea component in the polyester sea-island superfiber, and the fiber realizes fiber opening and ultra-fineness. This fiber opening process does not use toluene reduction extraction or alkali reduction process in the traditional process, which reduces the serious pollution of environmental products caused by the use of toluene or the environmental pollution and resources caused by sodium hydroxide minus alkaline polyester. Waste (because alkaline polyester can't be recycled after being processed so far, it can only be processed after sedimentation). Finally, through special processes such as dry method and post-treatment kneading, the performance of super genuine leather surpassing that of natural leather can be achieved;

2. The invention solves the technical problems such as environmental protection, air permeability and odor of automobile interior leather and sofa furniture leather, adopts unique green technology, realizes low-carbon economy, completely makes it stand out from medium and high-grade microfiber leather, and makes it The products are widely used in automotive interiors, furniture sofas and other fields, improving product performance while reducing production costs, achieving the development goals of automobile lightweight and environmental protection, and greatly solving the current shortage and quality of high-end car interior leather and high-end furniture sofa leather. Related issues, the market prospect is quite broad;

3. The product of the present invention is fully water-based sea-island fiber leather, which belongs to a newly developed high-tech material in artificial synthetic leather. Because of its advantages of environmental protection, odorless, flame retardant, wear-resistant, cold-resistant, folding-resistant, breathable, aging-resistant, soft texture and beautiful appearance, it has become an ideal choice to replace natural leather. Compared with natural leather, fully water-based sea-island fiber leather has the following characteristics:

(1), Dimensional stability, skin feel, kneading toughness, and good elastic recovery.

(2) The air permeability is very good, which can reach more than twice that of genuine leather.

(3) High tear strength and peel strength (high abrasion resistance, tear strength, high tensile strength).

(4) The folding fastness is comparable to that of natural leather.

(5) The weather resistance of the product is excellent, no cracks can be bent up to 200,000 times at room temperature, and 50,000 times at low temperature (-30°C) (good temperature resistance and mechanical properties).

(6) There is no organic solvent from production to use. All water-based materials are used, completely pollution-free, odorless, VOC testing is fully qualified, does not contain harmful substances to the human body, and has excellent environmental protection performance.

4. The all-water-based sea-island fiber leather of the present invention can replace all natural leather products, can effectively reduce animal hunting, maintain the balance of the ecosystem, truly protect the environment, and reduce carbon emissions from animal breeding manure and exhaust. The product can be widely used in Domestic and foreign automobiles, ships, aircraft interiors, furniture sofas, shoe materials, luggage water jackets and environmental purification and other fields. The product has reasonable formula, advanced and feasible technology, environmental protection and stable quality, and is suitable for replacing natural leather products.

The PVA/PET (or PA6) island-in-the-sea microfiber acupuncture technology adopted in the present invention is the first in China, and it is mainly made by carding and needling the PVA/PET (or PA6) island-in-the-sea ultrafine fiber with certain strength and density. Non-woven fabrics, forming a three-dimensional skin mesh structure, and then impregnated with water-based PU to form a cortical structure, and then washing to remove the PVA sea component to reduce the fiber weight, and the product is ultra-fine in fiber opening, using water-based fiber opening technology , water-based PU resin impregnation and coagulation technology, water-based resin dry surface making and post-treatment combined technology treatment, so as to achieve the product is truly green and environmentally friendly and surpasses the super leather performance of natural leather, so that the leather's air permeability and environmental protection can be completely solved, and it is environmentally friendly. , super genuine leather and other characteristics, meeting the environmental protection and tasteless, low VOC, breathable and moisture permeable, toughness and dimensional stability requirements for automotive interiors, furniture and sofa leather.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the claims of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a full aqueous, environmental protective superfine fiber leather manufacture method, it is characterised in that making step is as follows:

1) non-weaving cloth prepares:

Water-solubility PVA does sea, PET HuoPA6Zuo island is made and determined island island superfine fiber in employing, this is determined island island superfine fiber and leads to Cross teasing needle acupuncture manipulation and make non-weaving cloth, the framework material with this non-weaving cloth as superfine fiber leather；

2) waterborne polyurethane resin impregnation processes:

By 1) non-weaving cloth of step delivers to wet production line and carries out aqueous PU resin dipping, uses aqueous polyurethane slurry to carry out Four leachings four are forced to roll dipping；Carry out pre-setting process the most successively and drying and shaping processes, the aqueous base fabric after being shaped；

3) aqueous fibrillation goes PVA decrement treatment:

The aqueous base fabric after sizing again by continuous type water washing machine, altogether eight rinsing bowls, water temperature control successively be: 40-50 DEG C a groove, 60-70 DEG C of two grooves, 80-95 DEG C of two grooves, room temperature 3 groove；The clean PVA of washing makes the thorough super-refinement of fiber reach out repeatedly Fibre, the shaping and drying again of the base fabric after fibrillation aqueous superfine islands-in-sea bicomponent bass；

4) dry method make face process:

Step 3) the aqueous superfine islands-in-sea bicomponent bass dry method that obtains carries out solvent-free veneer or uses aqueous PU veneer the most available Full water-based microfiber leather.

2. a kind of full aqueous, environmental protective superfine fiber leather manufacture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 2) in, the formula of aqueous polyurethane slurry: aqueous PU resin 20-30%, antishifting agent 2-3%, ammonium sulphate 3-5%, excess water.

3. a kind of full aqueous, environmental protective superfine fiber leather manufacture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 2) in, pre-setting processes technique and is, the aqueous base fabric after dipping carries out pretreatment by 25 meters of baking oven forming machines and prevents aqueous from gathering Urethane migration, speed of production is 11m/min, and temperature is 110-130 DEG C；Drying and shaping processes technique Base fabric is again by 22.5 meters of baking ovens, and speed is 22m/min, and temperature is 160 DEG C, carries out drying and shaping.

4. a kind of full aqueous, environmental protective superfine fiber leather manufacture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 4) dyeing process is also carried out, step 3 before processing) the aqueous superfine islands-in-sea bicomponent bass that obtains carries out dyes by after sanding operation Color, obtains the bass that dyes；Dried for this dyeing dyeing bass again carry out grind skin process matte water-based microfiber leather.

5. a kind of full aqueous, environmental protective superfine fiber leather manufacture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described making Method also includes step 5) surface process: use aqueous PU material to carry out surface process, thus mutual with full aqueous ultrafine fiber Blend, form the surface texture of water-based microfiber leather.