CN106166214A - 一种治疗扁桃体炎的中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗扁桃体炎的中药组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗扁桃体炎的中药组合物,其包括:扁竹兰、藤黄连、白兰花、穿心莲、黑面叶、凤尾草、华南铁角蕨、山甘草、板蓝根、鸭舌草、黄芪,本发明还公开了上述中药组合物的制备方法。此种中药组合物均采用天然的中药原料,无毒副作用,具有清热解毒、活血通经、凉血散瘀、消炎止痛的功效,能够快速有效地治疗扁桃体炎。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种医用配制品,尤其涉及一种用于治疗扁桃体炎的中药组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
扁桃体炎为腭扁桃体的非特异性炎症,是咽部扁桃体发生急性或慢性炎症的一种病症。常见于青少年。本病多发于春秋季节,为耳鼻咽喉科的常见病。急性扁桃体炎的症状表现为恶寒及高热,扁桃体充血,有假膜。慢性扁桃体炎的症状表现为时有咽干、异物感、发痒等,常有急性发作史。
急性扁桃体炎有传染性,应适当隔离。因本病多为链球菌感染,多服用抗菌素及磺胺类药物,疗效较好。但是抗生素等会对人体产生副作用,对肝脏和肾脏等器官造成伤害,不宜长期服用。而慢性扁桃体炎目前尚无肯定有效的保守疗法,严重者大多选择进行扁桃体切除术。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供一种无毒副作用,具有清热解毒、活血通经、凉血散瘀、消炎止痛的功效,能够快速有效地治疗扁桃体炎的中药组合物。
本发明采用的技术方案是:一种治疗扁桃体炎的中药组合物,所述中药组合物的各组份为扁竹兰、藤黄连、白兰花、穿心莲、黑面叶、凤尾草、华南铁角蕨、山甘草、板蓝根、鸭舌草、黄芪。
优选的,各种组份的重量份数比为扁竹兰25-35份、藤黄连15-25份、白兰花15-25份、穿心莲10-20份、黑面叶10-20份、凤尾草5-15份、华南铁角蕨5-15份、山甘草5-15份、板蓝根5-15份、鸭舌草5-15份、黄芪5-15份。
更优选的,各种组份的重量份数比为扁竹兰30-35份、藤黄连20-25份、白兰花20-25份、穿心莲10-15份、黑面叶10-15份、凤尾草5-10份、华南铁角蕨5-10份、山甘草5-10份、板蓝根5-10份、鸭舌草5-10份、黄芪5-10份。
其中,所述中药组合物的剂型为:薄膜衣片剂、丹剂、硬膏剂、糖浆剂、口服液、口含剂、颗粒剂、散剂、注射剂、糖衣片剂、胶囊剂。
本发明还提供了上述中药组合物的制备方法,当所述中药的剂型为胶囊剂时,包括:
第一步,藤黄连、白兰花按比例混合,用相当于混合物质量2-3倍的醇浓度为70-80%的正丙醇回流提取2-4次,合并滤液,减压浓缩、干燥并粉碎成粉末,随后用乙醇提纯1-2次,合并提取液,减压回收乙醇并浓缩至60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体,干燥并粉碎成粉末;
第二步,将穿心莲、黑面叶、凤尾草、华南铁角蕨用醇浓度为80-90%的正丙醇提取2-3次,合并提取液,减压浓缩并进行干燥、粉碎成粉末,将粉碎后的粉末加入相对于其质量为2-4倍量的水溶解,静止1-3小时,过滤,滤液减压浓缩为60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末;
第三步,将余下组份研成粉末按比例混合,加水煎煮2次,每次2-3小时,分别过滤,合并滤液,滤液浓缩成膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末,所加入的水的质量为第三步的混合物质量的2-4倍;
第四步,将上述粉末和淀粉混合,随后进行制粒处理并干燥,得到混合物颗粒,再向混合物颗粒中加入硬脂酸镁,所述硬脂酸镁和所述混合物颗粒质量之比为0.25-100:0.5-100,获得胶囊内容物,将所述的胶囊内容物装入胶囊壳体中即得胶囊剂。
本发明还提供了上述中药组合物的制备方法,当所述中药的剂型为注射剂时,包括:
第一步,藤黄连、白兰花按比例混合,用相当于混合物质量2-3倍的醇浓度为70-80%的正丙醇回流提取2-4次,合并滤液,减压浓缩、干燥并粉碎成粉末,随后用乙醇提纯1-2次,合并提取液,减压回收乙醇并浓缩至60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体,干燥并粉碎成粉末;
第二步,将穿心莲、黑面叶、凤尾草、华南铁角蕨用醇浓度为80-90%的正丙醇提取2-3次,合并提取液,减压浓缩并进行干燥、粉碎成粉末,将粉碎后的粉末加入相对于其质量为2-4倍量的水溶解,静止1-3小时,过滤,滤液减压浓缩为60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末;
第三步,将余下组份研成粉末按比例混合,加水煎煮2次,每次2-3小时,分别过滤,合并滤液,滤液浓缩成膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末,所加入的水的质量为第三步的混合物质量的2-4倍;
第四步,将上述粉末混合,随后将其溶于质量为混合物2-4倍的水,搅拌下加入相对于粉末质量5%-15%的氢氧化钠助溶,过滤,加浓度为1mol/L的盐酸调节pH值为5-6,过滤,沉淀备用,滤液通过聚酰胺柱,先用水洗去杂质,随后用醇浓度为80-90%的正丙醇洗脱,收集正丙醇洗脱液,沉淀用醇浓度为80-90%的正丙醇提取2次,过滤,滤液与上述洗脱液合并,回收正丙醇,减压浓缩至膏体并喷雾干燥成粉末,将获得的粉末加相对于其质量1-2倍的氯化钠及注射用水适量,溶解后再进一步加注射用水至需要的体积,过滤,灌封,灭菌,获得需要的注射液。
扁竹兰,味苦、性寒,凉血消炎,主治急性扁桃体炎、急性咽喉炎、急性支气管炎。
藤黄连,味苦、性寒,有小毒,清热利湿,解毒。用于预防流行性脑脊髓膜炎,发热头痛,急性扁桃体炎,咽喉炎,眼结膜炎,急性胃肠炎,痢疾,黄疸;根:外用治疮疖,烧烫伤。
白兰花,味苦、辛,性微温,芳香化湿,利尿,止咳化痰。根:泌尿系感染,小便不利,痈肿。叶:支气管炎,泌尿系感染,小便不利。花:支气管炎,百日咳,胸闷,口渴,扁桃体炎,白带。
穿心莲,味性寒,味苦,有小毒,归心、肺、大肠、膀胱经,清热解毒,凉血,消肿。用于感冒发热,咽喉肿痛,口舌生疮,顿咳劳嗽,泄泻痢疾,热淋涩痛,痈肿疮疡,毒蛇咬伤。
凤尾草,味淡、微苦,性凉,清热利湿,解毒止痢,凉血止血。用于痢疾、胃肠炎、肝炎、泌尿系感染、感冒发烧、咽喉肿痛、白带、崩漏、农药中毒;外用治外伤出血,烧烫伤。
黑面叶,味微苦,性凉,有小毒,清热解毒,散瘀,止痛,止痒。根:急性胃肠炎,扁桃体炎,支气管炎,尿路结石,产后子宫收缩疼痛,风湿性关节炎。叶:外用治烧烫伤,湿疹,过敏性皮炎,皮肤搔痒,阴道炎。
华南铁角蕨,味甘、微苦,性平,利湿化浊;止血。主白浊;扁桃体炎;肾炎;刀伤出血。
山甘草,味甘、微苦,性凉,解表,消暑,利湿,解毒,活血。治感冒,中暑,发热,咳嗽,咽喉肿痛,暑湿泄泻,痢疾,疮疡脓肿,跌打,蛇伤。
板蓝根,味苦,大寒,入心、胃经,能清热解毒、凉血。
鸭舌草,味甘,性凉,清热解毒。用于肠炎,痢疾,咽喉肿痛,牙龈脓肿;外用治虫蛇咬伤,疮疖。
黄芪,味甘、性温,归肺、脾经,补气固表,利尿托毒,排脓,敛疮生肌。用于气虚乏力,食少便溏,中气下陷,久泻脱肛,便血崩漏,表虚自汗,气虚水肿,痈疽难溃,久溃不敛,血虚痿黄,内热消渴;慢性肾炎蛋白尿,糖尿病。
本发明的有益效果:
相对于现有技术中的治疗扁桃体炎的药物,此种中药组合物均采用天然的中药原料,无毒副作用,具有清热解毒、活血通经、凉血散瘀、消炎止痛的功效,能够快速有效地治疗扁桃体炎。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
(一)一种治疗扁桃体炎的中药,由以下原料药按重量份配比而成:
扁竹兰30份、藤黄连25份、白兰花20份、穿心莲15份、黑面叶15份、凤尾草10份、华南铁角蕨10份、山甘草10份、板蓝根10份、鸭舌草5份、黄芪5份。
(二)制备方法:
第一步,藤黄连、白兰花按比例混合,用相当于混合物质量2倍的醇浓度为70%的正丙醇回流提取2次,合并滤液,减压浓缩、干燥并粉碎成粉末,随后用乙醇提纯1-2次,合并提取液,减压回收乙醇并浓缩至60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体,干燥并粉碎成粉末;
第二步,将穿心莲、黑面叶、凤尾草、华南铁角蕨用醇浓度为80-90%的正丙醇提取2-3次,合并提取液,减压浓缩并进行干燥、粉碎成粉末,将粉碎后的粉末加入相对于其质量为2倍量的水溶解,静止1小时,过滤,滤液减压浓缩为60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末;
第三步,将余下组份研成粉末按比例混合,加水煎煮2次,每次2小时,分别过滤,合并滤液,滤液浓缩成膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末,所加入的水的质量为第三步的混合物质量的2倍;
第四步,将上述粉末和淀粉混合,随后进行制粒处理并干燥,得到混合物颗粒,再向混合物颗粒中加入硬脂酸镁,所述硬脂酸镁和所述混合物颗粒质量之比为0.25:0.5,获得胶囊内容物,将所述的胶囊内容物装入胶囊壳体中即得胶囊剂。
实施例2:
(一)一种治疗扁桃体炎的中药,由以下原料药按重量份配比而成:同实施例1。
(二)制备方法:
第一步,藤黄连、白兰花按比例混合,用相当于混合物质量2倍的醇浓度为70%的正丙醇回流提取2次,合并滤液,减压浓缩、干燥并粉碎成粉末,随后用乙醇提纯1次,合并提取液,减压回收乙醇并浓缩至60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体,干燥并粉碎成粉末;
第二步,将穿心莲、黑面叶、凤尾草、华南铁角蕨用醇浓度为80%的正丙醇提取2次,合并提取液,减压浓缩并进行干燥、粉碎成粉末,将粉碎后的粉末加入相对于其质量为2倍量的水溶解,静止1小时,过滤,滤液减压浓缩为60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末;
第三步,将余下组份研成粉末按比例混合,加水煎煮2次,每次2小时,分别过滤,合并滤液,滤液浓缩成膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末,所加入的水的质量为第三步的混合物质量的2倍;
第四步,将上述粉末混合,随后将其溶于质量为混合物2倍的水,搅拌下加入相对于粉末质量5%的氢氧化钠助溶,过滤,加浓度为1mol/L的盐酸调节pH值为5-6,过滤,沉淀备用,滤液通过聚酰胺柱,先用水洗去杂质,随后用醇浓度为80的正丙醇洗脱,收集正丙醇洗脱液,沉淀用醇浓度为80的正丙醇提取2次,过滤,滤液与上述洗脱液合并,回收正丙醇,减压浓缩至膏体并喷雾干燥成粉末,将获得的粉末加相对于其质量2倍的氯化钠及注射用水适量,溶解后再进一步加注射用水至需要的体积,过滤,灌封,灭菌,获得需要的注射液。
实施例3:
1、长期毒性试验过程:
应用Wistar大鼠(北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司提供)将实验药物设定为高、中、低三个剂量,分别为实施例1配方的胶囊剂8g/kg、4g/kg、2g/kg。按人用剂量0.1g/kg/天片计算,分别为人用有效剂量的80倍、40倍和20倍;另设一对照组,连续灌胃给药90天、180天和部分动物停药10天后,观察对大鼠各项生理、生化指标的影响。实验结果表明:用不同剂量给大鼠连续口服180天,对大鼠的进食量和体重增长均无影响。对肝肾功能均未发现明显毒性作用。对血常规、血生化、尿液生化及骨髓片等均未见明显影响,各组间与对照组比较无明显差异。
2、急性毒性试验过程:
应用ICR小鼠(北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司提供)40只,体重在25-30克,进行急性毒性实验。小鼠随机分为两组,即对照组、给药组,实验前禁食12小时,然后给予如实施例1制备得到的本发明的中药胶囊剂混悬液(将胶囊剂溶解在水中获得混悬液)灌胃,对给药的半数致死量(LD50)进行了试验测定,但未测到LD50,因此进行了最大耐受量试验。结果:以最大浓度(60%),最大给药量(120ml/kg,一日内份四次给完)100g/kg灌胃,相当于生药量60g/kg,相当于成人临床拟日用剂量的300倍(按75kg),七日内小鼠无一死亡,处死小鼠解剖观察各脏器未发现毒性反应,给药组与对照组小鼠无任何差异。
实施例4:
本发明的临床治疗观察如下:
(一)患者300例,150例为男性,150例为女性。
(二)诊断标准:
诊断标准:参照《中药病证诊断疗效标准》中的诊断依据进行临床诊断:
以咽痛、吞咽困难为主要症状,发病较急、病程较短,伴有发热;咽部检查扁桃体呈鲜红或深红、肿大,表面有脓点,严重者有小脓肿;血白细胞总数及中性粒细胞增高。扁桃体无明显肿大,但多有较明显的慢性充血,色暗红,稍肿,咽干不适或干涩微痛,晨轻暮重,手足心热,低热盗汗,舌质红,少苔少津,脉细数。
(三)治疗方法:1组:采用如实施例1制备方法制得的胶囊剂100g,分成10份,每天早晨空腹服用一份5天为一个疗程,连续服用两个疗程;2组:采用如实施例2制备方法制得的注射剂100g,分成10份,每天早晨空腹注射一份,5天为一个疗程,连续注射两个疗程;另设一对照组。
(四)疗效评定标准:
疗效标准:
整体疗效评定参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则》相关标准:
治愈:发烧、咽痛、扁桃体充血、恶寒、高热、咽痛明显等症状消失,恢复正常生活;
有效:发烧、咽痛、扁桃体充血、恶寒、高热、咽痛明显等症状基本消失,基本恢复正
常生活,痛苦减轻;
无效:治疗前后检查对比,功能、症状、体征好转不明显。
(五)治疗结果见表1:
表1治疗结果
组别 | 痊愈 | 有效 | 无效 |
对照组 | 0 | 45 | 55 |
1组 | 99 | 1 | 0 |
2组 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
上述实施例只是为了说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的是在于让本领域内的普通技术人员能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡是根据本发明内容的实质所作出的等效的变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种治疗扁桃体炎的中药组合物,其特征在于:所述中药组合物的各组份为扁竹兰、藤黄连、白兰花、穿心莲、黑面叶、凤尾草、华南铁角蕨、山甘草、板蓝根、鸭舌草、黄芪。
2.如权利要求1所述的中药组合物,其特征在于:各种组份的重量份数比为扁竹兰25-35份、藤黄连15-25份、白兰花15-25份、穿心莲10-20份、黑面叶10-20份、凤尾草5-15份、华南铁角蕨5-15份、山甘草5-15份、板蓝根5-15份、鸭舌草5-15份、黄芪5-15份。
3.如权利要求1所述的中药组合物,其特征在于:各种组份的重量份数比为扁竹兰30-35份、藤黄连20-25份、白兰花20-25份、穿心莲10-15份、黑面叶10-15份、凤尾草5-10份、华南铁角蕨5-10份、山甘草5-10份、板蓝根5-10份、鸭舌草5-10份、黄芪5-10份。
4.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述治疗扁桃体炎的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的剂型为:薄膜衣片剂、丹剂、硬膏剂、糖浆剂、口服液、口含剂、颗粒剂、散剂、注射剂、糖衣片剂、胶囊剂。
5.一种如权利要求1-3中任一项所述治疗扁桃体炎的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:当所述中药的剂型为胶囊剂时,包括:
第一步,藤黄连、白兰花按比例混合,用相当于混合物质量2-3倍的醇浓度为70-80%的正丙醇回流提取2-4次,合并滤液,减压浓缩、干燥并粉碎成粉末,随后用乙醇提纯1-2次,合并提取液,减压回收乙醇并浓缩至60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体,干燥并粉碎成粉末;
第二步,将穿心莲、黑面叶、凤尾草、华南铁角蕨用醇浓度为80-90%的正丙醇提取2-3次,合并提取液,减压浓缩并进行干燥、粉碎成粉末,将粉碎后的粉末加入相对于其质量为2-4倍量的水溶解,静止1-3小时,过滤,滤液减压浓缩为60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末;
第三步,将余下组份研成粉末按比例混合,加水煎煮2次,每次2-3小时,分别过滤,合并滤液,滤液浓缩成膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末,所加入的水的质量为第三步的混合物质量的2-4倍;
第四步,将上述粉末和淀粉混合,随后进行制粒处理并干燥,得到混合物 颗粒,再向混合物颗粒中加入硬脂酸镁,所述硬脂酸镁和所述混合物颗粒质量之比为0.25-100:0.5-100,获得胶囊内容物,将所述的胶囊内容物装入胶囊壳体中即得胶囊剂。
6.一种如权利要求1-3中任一项所述治疗扁桃体炎的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:当所述中药的剂型为注射剂时,包括:
第一步,藤黄连、白兰花按比例混合,用相当于混合物质量2-3倍的醇浓度为70-80%的正丙醇回流提取2-4次,合并滤液,减压浓缩、干燥并粉碎成粉末,随后用乙醇提纯1-2次,合并提取液,减压回收乙醇并浓缩至60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体,干燥并粉碎成粉末;
第二步,将穿心莲、黑面叶、凤尾草、华南铁角蕨用醇浓度为80-90%的正丙醇提取2-3次,合并提取液,减压浓缩并进行干燥、粉碎成粉末,将粉碎后的粉末加入相对于其质量为2-4倍量的水溶解,静止1-3小时,过滤,滤液减压浓缩为60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末;
第三步,将余下组份研成粉末按比例混合,加水煎煮2次,每次2-3小时,分别过滤,合并滤液,滤液浓缩成膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末,所加入的水的质量为第三步的混合物质量的2-4倍;
第四步,将上述粉末混合,随后将其溶于质量为混合物2-4倍的水,搅拌下加入相对于粉末质量5%-15%的氢氧化钠助溶,过滤,加浓度为1mol/L的盐酸调节pH值为5-6,过滤,沉淀备用,滤液通过聚酰胺柱,先用水洗去杂质,随后用醇浓度为80-90%的正丙醇洗脱,收集正丙醇洗脱液,沉淀用醇浓度为80-90%的正丙醇提取2次,过滤,滤液与上述洗脱液合并,回收正丙醇,减压浓缩至膏体并喷雾干燥成粉末,将获得的粉末加相对于其质量1-2倍的氯化钠及注射用水适量,溶解后再进一步加注射用水至需要的体积,过滤,灌封,灭菌,获得需要的注射液。
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