CN106162201B - A kind of image data compression method and device based on sign bit grouping - Google Patents
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of image data compression methods and device based on sign bit grouping, are related to technical field of video coding, and the absolute value for solving the residual error data that existing compress mode obtains is excessive, and then influence the defect of image data compression rate.Image data compression method based on sign bit grouping of the invention includes: that the corresponding residual error data of image data is decomposed into multiple 2 × 2 data blocks；According to the composite type of the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block, the data of 2 × 2 data block are carried out with the squeeze operation of different modes, obtains compressed 2 × 2 data block；Obtained multiple compressed 2 × 2 data blocks are synthesized, compressed residual error data is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of video coding more particularly to a kind of Image Data Compression sides based on sign bit grouping
Method and device.
Background technique
In the prior art, it needs continually to read the image data in memory in video encoding-decoding process, this process
It needs to occupy a large amount of system bandwidth and resource, in order to save system bandwidth and resource, usually first treats the picture number of storage
According to being compressed, and by the storage of compressed image data into memory, in order to subsequent use.
For example, can use DPCM(Differential Pulse Code Modulation, differential pulse coding tune
System) technology compresses image data, specifically: for the pixel data blocks of image data, first according to the space of image
Correlation predicts that the pixel value of current location, wherein the pixel value of peripheral position claims by the pixel value of peripheral position
For predicted value, the difference between the actual pixel value and predicted value of current location is known as residual values, then, using variable-length encoding side
Formula encodes obtained residual error data, to realize the compression to image data.Variable-length encoding mode refer to by data into
Row grouping, and select the bit of specific length to indicate information according to the size of data in grouping, wherein variable-length encoding mode packet
Symbol variable-length encoding is included and without symbol variable-length encoding, i.e., for [- 2N,2N- 1] data between can be with N+1 bit come table
Show, for [0,2N- 1] data between can be indicated with N bit.
In the implementation of the present invention, inventor's discovery at least has the following technical problems in the prior art:
The compress mode of above-mentioned image data is to be predicted using fixed default template the pixel value of current location
(such as, it is specified that using the pixel value on the left side as the predicted value of current pixel location value), but since data are random, so
Any default template is all difficult to be well matched with all situations, and the mean value that will lead to residual error data in this way deviates or generates exhausted
The residual error data excessive to value to get to residual error data still have certain correlation, to limit Image Data Compression
The raising of rate.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of image data compression method and device based on sign bit grouping, can reduce existing pressure
The absolute value peak of the residual error data of contracting mode, and realize using less bit and indicate image data, to further mention
The high compression ratio of image data.
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of image data compression method based on sign bit grouping, which comprises
The corresponding residual error data of image data is decomposed into multiple 2 × 2 data blocks；
According to the composite type of the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block, not Tongfang is carried out to the data of 2 × 2 data block
The squeeze operation of formula obtains compressed 2 × 2 data block；
Obtained multiple compressed 2 × 2 data blocks are synthesized, compressed residual error data is obtained.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of image data compressing apparatus based on sign bit grouping, and described device includes
Decomposing module, compression module and synthesis module, wherein
The decomposing module, for the corresponding residual error data of image data to be decomposed into multiple 2 × 2 data blocks；
The compression module is used for the composite type of the sign bit according to 2 × 2 data block, to 2 × 2 data
The data of block carry out the squeeze operation of different modes, obtain compressed 2 × 2 data block；
The synthesis module obtains compressed for synthesizing obtained multiple compressed 2 × 2 data blocks
Residual error data.
Image data compression method and device provided by the invention based on sign bit grouping, image data is corresponding residual
Difference data is decomposed into multiple 2 × 2 data blocks；According to the composite type of the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block, to 2 × 2 number
The squeeze operation that different modes are carried out according to the data of block, obtains compressed 2 × 2 data block；Multiple compressed 2 will obtained
× 2 data blocks are synthesized, and compressed residual error data is obtained.Compared with prior art, existing compress mode can be reduced
Residual error data absolute value, with realize indicate image data using less bit, to further increase image data
Compression ratio.
Detailed description of the invention
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram for one embodiment of image data compression method being grouped the present invention is based on sign bit；
Fig. 2 is the idiographic flow schematic diagram of step S12 in above-described embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram for one embodiment of image data compressing apparatus being grouped the present invention is based on sign bit；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the compression module in above-described embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of image data compression method based on sign bit grouping, the side
Method includes:
S11, the corresponding residual error data of image data is decomposed into multiple 2 × 2 data blocks.
S12, the composite type according to the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block carry out not the data of 2 × 2 data block
With the squeeze operation of mode, compressed 2 × 2 data block is obtained.
S13, obtained multiple compressed 2 × 2 data blocks are synthesized, obtains compressed residual error data.
Image data compression method provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on sign bit grouping, image data is corresponding residual
Difference data is decomposed into multiple 2 × 2 data blocks；According to the composite type of the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block, to the 2x2 data
The data of block carry out the squeeze operation of different modes, obtain compressed 2 × 2 data block；By obtain multiple compressed 2 ×
2 data blocks are synthesized, and compressed residual error data is obtained.Compared with prior art, existing compress mode can be reduced
The absolute value of residual error data indicates image data using less bit to realize, to further increase image data
Compression ratio.
Further, as shown in Fig. 2, the embodiment of the invention provides the detailed process of step S12 in above-described embodiment,
In, all combined situations of the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block are as shown in table 1, here, it is specified that the sign bit of data zero is positive.
As shown in Table 1, the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block shares 16 kinds of combined situations, and 16 kinds of combined situations are in
Reveal 3 kinds of composite types, 3 kinds of composite types are as follows: three positive one is negative or three negative ones just,
It just or entirely bears entirely and two just two is negative.
S21, the sign bit composite type for determining current 2 × 2 data blocks to be compressed.
Sign bit composite type if it is current 2 × 2 data blocks to be compressed be that three positive one is negative or three negative ones just,
Then follow the steps S22 and S23；
If the sign bit composite type of current 2 × 2 data blocks to be compressed is just or entirely to bear entirely, then follow the steps
S24 and S25；
If the sign bit composite type of current 2 × 2 data blocks to be compressed is two just two negative, then follow the steps
S26 and S27.
Table 1
S22, indicated using 1 bit 2 × 2 data block sign bit composite type, indicated only using 2 bits
One different the location of sign bit indicates that unique different sign bit is minus symbol position or just using 1 bit
Sign bit.
S23, it takes absolute value to each data in 2 × 2 data block, obtains the first data being made of four positive numbers
Block, and 2 bits of use indicate the position of the minimum positive number in first data block；It will be in first data block
The positive number of his position obtains corresponding three differences as difference with the minimum positive number, and then obtains by the minimum positive number and described
The second data block that three differences are constituted；Data in second data block compressed without symbol variable-length encoding
2 × 2 data blocks afterwards.
S24, indicated using 2 bits 2 × 2 data block sign bit composite type, institute is indicated using 1 bit
The specific combined situation for stating the sign bit of 2 × 2 data blocks is just or entirely to bear entirely.
S25, it takes absolute value to each data in 2 × 2 data block, obtains the first data being made of four positive numbers
Block, and 2 bits of use indicate the position of the minimum positive number in first data block；It will be in first data block
The positive number of his position obtains corresponding three differences as difference with the minimum positive number, and then obtains by the minimum positive number and described
The second data block that three differences are constituted；Data in second data block compressed without symbol variable-length encoding
2 × 2 data blocks afterwards.
S26, indicated using 2 bits 2 × 2 data block sign bit composite type.
S27, the column data in 2 × 2 data block is subtracted or obtains a new column data plus another column data,
And then obtain the third data block being made of a new column data and another column data；Using 1 bit expression pair
I-th column are operated, and indicate that data progress add operation or subtraction of the data of i-th column with jth column are grasped using 1 bit
Make, wherein the value of i is 0 or 1, and correspondingly, the value of j is 1 or 0；Symbol has been carried out to the data in the third data block
Variable-length encoding obtains compressed 2 × 2 data block.
The compression method of 2 × 2 data block provided in an embodiment of the present invention, according to 3 kinds of symbols of 2 × 2 data block
The composite type of position carries out the squeeze operation of different modes to the data of 2 × 2 data block, obtains compressed 2 × 2 number
According to block.Compared with prior art, the absolute value of the residual error data of existing compress mode can be reduced, to realize using less
Bit indicates image data, to further increase the compression ratio of image data.
As shown in figure 3, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of image data compressing apparatus based on sign bit grouping, the dress
It sets including decomposing module 31, compression module 32, synthesis module 33, wherein
The decomposing module 31, for the corresponding residual error data of image data to be decomposed into multiple 2 × 2 data blocks；
The compression module 32 is used for the composite type of the sign bit according to 2 × 2 data block, to 2 × 2 number
The squeeze operation that different modes are carried out according to the data of block, obtains compressed 2 × 2 data block；
The synthesis module 33, for synthesizing obtained multiple compressed 2 × 2 data blocks, after obtaining compression
Residual error data.
Image data compressing apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on sign bit grouping, image data is corresponding residual
Difference data is decomposed into multiple 2 × 2 data blocks；According to the composite type of the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block, to 2 × 2 number
The squeeze operation that different modes are carried out according to the data of block, obtains compressed 2 × 2 data block；Multiple compressed 2 will obtained
× 2 data blocks are synthesized, and compressed residual error data is obtained.Compared with prior art, existing compress mode can be reduced
Residual error data absolute value, with realize indicate image data using less bit, to further increase image data
Compression ratio.
Further, as shown in figure 4, the compression module 32 in above-described embodiment includes the first compression unit 321, the
Two compression units 322, third compression unit 323.
Wherein, first compression unit 321, the composite type for the sign bit when 2 × 2 data block are three just
One negative or three negative one timings indicate the composite type of the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block using 1 bit, using 2 bits
It indicates unique different the location of sign bit, indicates that unique different sign bit is minus symbol position using 1 bit
Or plus sign position, wherein the sign bit of data zero is positive；
And for taking absolute value to each data in 2 × 2 data block, obtain the be made of four positive numbers first number
According to block, and 2 bits of use indicate the position of the minimum positive number in first data block；It will be in first data block
The positive number of other positions obtains corresponding three differences as difference with the minimum positive number, and then obtains by the minimum positive number and institute
State the second data block of three differences composition；Data in second data block pressed without symbol variable-length encoding
2 × 2 data blocks after contracting.
Second compression unit 322, the composite type for the sign bit when 2 × 2 data block be it is complete just or entirely
When negative, the composite type of the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block is indicated using 2 bits, indicates described 2 × 2 using 1 bit
The specific combined situation of the sign bit of data block is just or entirely to bear entirely, wherein the sign bit of data zero is positive；
And for taking absolute value to each data in 2 × 2 data block, obtain the be made of four positive numbers first number
According to block, and 2 bits of use indicate the position of the minimum positive number in first data block；It will be in first data block
The positive number of other positions obtains corresponding three differences as difference with the minimum positive number, and then obtains by the minimum positive number and institute
State the second data block of three differences composition；Data in second data block pressed without symbol variable-length encoding
2 × 2 data blocks after contracting.
The third compression unit 323, the composite type for the sign bit when 2 × 2 data block are two just two negative
When, the composite type of the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block is indicated using 2 bits, wherein the sign bit of data zero is positive；
And for the column data in 2 × 2 data block to be subtracted or obtains a new column plus another column data
Data, and then obtain the third data block being made of a new column data and another column data；Using 1 bit table
Show and the i-th column are operated, the data progress add operation or subtract that the data of i-th column are arranged with jth are indicated using 1 bit
Method operation, wherein the value of i is 0 or 1, and correspondingly, the value of j is 1 or 0；Have to the data in the third data block
Symbol variable-length encoding obtains compressed 2 × 2 data block.
Compression module provided in an embodiment of the present invention, it is right according to the composite type of 3 kinds of sign bits of 2 × 2 data block
The data of 2 × 2 data block carry out the squeeze operation of different modes, obtain compressed 2 × 2 data block.With the prior art
It compares, the absolute value of the residual error data of existing compress mode can be reduced, indicate image using less bit to realize
Data, to further increase the compression ratio of image data.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that realizing all or part of the process in above-described embodiment method, being can be with
Relevant hardware is instructed to complete by computer program, the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium
In, the program is when being executed, it may include such as the process of the embodiment of above-mentioned each method.Wherein, the storage medium can be magnetic
Dish, CD, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM) or random access memory (Random Access
Memory, RAM) etc..
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those familiar with the art, all answers
It is included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of image data compression method based on sign bit grouping, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
The corresponding residual error data of image data is decomposed into multiple 2 × 2 data blocks；
According to the composite type of the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block, different modes are carried out to the data of 2 × 2 data block
Squeeze operation obtains compressed 2 × 2 data block；
Obtained multiple compressed 2 × 2 data blocks are synthesized, compressed residual error data is obtained；
Wherein, the composite type of the sign bit according to 2 × 2 data block carries out the data of 2 × 2 data block
The squeeze operation of different modes, obtaining compressed 2 × 2 data block includes:
When the composite type of the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block is three positive one negative or three negative one timings, using 1 bit expression
The composite type of the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block indicates unique different the location of sign bit using 2 bits, adopts
Indicate that unique different sign bit is minus symbol position or plus sign position with 1 bit, wherein the sign bit of data zero is
Just；
It takes absolute value to each data in 2 × 2 data block, obtains the first data block being made of four positive numbers, and use 2
A bit indicates the position of the minimum positive number in first data block；Other positions will be in just in first data block
It is several to obtain corresponding three differences as difference with the minimum positive number, and then obtain by the minimum positive number and three difference structures
At the second data block；Data in second data block are carried out to obtain compressed 2 × 2 number without symbol variable-length encoding
According to block；
Alternatively, when the composite type of the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block is complete just or entirely negative, using described in 2 bits expressions
The composite type of the sign bit of 2 × 2 data blocks indicates the specific combination of the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block using 1 bit
Situation is just or entirely to bear entirely, wherein the sign bit of data zero is positive；
It takes absolute value to each data in 2 × 2 data block, obtains the first data block being made of four positive numbers, and use 2
A bit indicates the position of the minimum positive number in first data block；Other positions will be in just in first data block
It is several to obtain corresponding three differences as difference with the minimum positive number, and then obtain by the minimum positive number and three difference structures
At the second data block；Data in second data block are carried out to obtain compressed 2 × 2 number without symbol variable-length encoding
According to block；
Alternatively, indicating described 2 using 2 bits when the composite type of the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block is two just two negative
The composite type of the sign bit of × 2 data blocks, wherein the sign bit of data zero is positive；
A column data in 2 × 2 data block is subtracted or obtains a new column data plus another column data, and then is obtained
The third data block being made of a new column data and another column data；It indicates to carry out the i-th column using 1 bit
Operation indicates that data progress add operation or subtraction of the data of i-th column with jth column operate using 1 bit, wherein i
Value be 0 or 1, correspondingly, the value of j is 1 or 0；Symbol variable-length encoding has been carried out to the data in the third data block,
Obtain compressed 2 × 2 data block.
2. a kind of image data compressing apparatus based on sign bit grouping, which is characterized in that described device includes decomposing module, pressure
Contracting module and synthesis module, wherein
The decomposing module, for the corresponding residual error data of image data to be decomposed into multiple 2 × 2 data blocks；
The compression module is used for the composite type of the sign bit according to 2 × 2 data block, to 2 × 2 data block
Data carry out the squeeze operation of different modes, obtain compressed 2 × 2 data block；
The synthesis module obtains compressed residual error for synthesizing obtained multiple compressed 2 × 2 data blocks
Data；
Wherein, the compression module includes the first compression unit, wherein first compression unit, for when 2 × 2 number
Composite type according to the sign bit of block is three positive one negative or three negative one timings, indicates 2 × 2 data block using 1 bit
The composite type of sign bit indicates unique different the location of sign bit using 2 bits, indicates institute using 1 bit
Stating unique different sign bit is minus symbol position or plus sign position, wherein the sign bit of data zero is positive；
And for taking absolute value to each data in 2 × 2 data block, obtain the first data being made of four positive numbers
Block, and 2 bits of use indicate the position of the minimum positive number in first data block；It will be in first data block
The positive number of his position obtains corresponding three differences as difference with the minimum positive number, and then obtains by the minimum positive number and described
The second data block that three differences are constituted；Data in second data block compressed without symbol variable-length encoding
2 × 2 data blocks afterwards；
Alternatively, the compression module further includes the second compression unit, wherein second compression unit, for working as described 2 × 2
When the composite type of the sign bit of data block is complete just or entirely negative, the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block is indicated using 2 bits
Composite type, use 1 bit indicate the specific combined situation of the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block just or entirely to bear entirely,
In, the sign bit of data zero is positive；
And for taking absolute value to each data in 2 × 2 data block, obtain the first data being made of four positive numbers
Block, and 2 bits of use indicate the position of the minimum positive number in first data block；It will be in first data block
The positive number of his position obtains corresponding three differences as difference with the minimum positive number, and then obtains by the minimum positive number and described
The second data block that three differences are constituted；Data in second data block compressed without symbol variable-length encoding
2 × 2 data blocks afterwards；
Alternatively, the compression module further includes third compression unit, wherein the third compression unit, for working as described 2 × 2
When the composite type of the sign bit of data block is two just two negative, the sign bit of 2 × 2 data block is indicated using 2 bits
Composite type, wherein the sign bit of data zero is positive；
And for the column data in 2 × 2 data block to be subtracted or obtains a new column data plus another column data,
And then obtain the third data block being made of a new column data and another column data；Using 1 bit expression pair
I-th column are operated, and indicate that data progress add operation or subtraction of the data of i-th column with jth column are grasped using 1 bit
Make, wherein the value of i is 0 or 1, and correspondingly, the value of j is 1 or 0；Symbol has been carried out to the data in the third data block
Variable-length encoding obtains compressed 2 × 2 data block.
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| CN101198054A (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2008-06-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | Variable length codec method and its codec |
| EP2618572A1 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2013-07-24 | Research In Motion Limited | Multiple sign bit hiding within a transform unit |
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| US7194137B2 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2007-03-20 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Variable length coding method and apparatus for video compression |
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| CN1980395A (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-06-13 | 联合信源数字音视频技术（北京）有限公司 | Entropy coding method and decoding method based on text |
| CN101198054A (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2008-06-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | Variable length codec method and its codec |
| EP2618572A1 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2013-07-24 | Research In Motion Limited | Multiple sign bit hiding within a transform unit |
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