CN106151645A - The full-automatic manual/electric switching device of electric device for valve - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fully automatic manual/electric switching device of a valve electric device. The valve electric device includes a main transmission mechanism equipped with a worm shaft and a manual mechanism equipped with a manual shaft. The fully automatic manual/electric switching device It includes a normally open electromagnetic clutch and a normally closed electromagnetic clutch. The normally open electromagnetic clutch is installed on the worm shaft close to the motor. The connecting plate of the normally open electromagnetic clutch is fixed with the worm shaft gear and is empty on the worm shaft. Above, the yoke of the normally open electromagnetic clutch is connected with the worm shaft through a flat key, forming a gap between the moving armature of the normally open electromagnetic clutch and the yoke; one end of the normally closed electromagnetic clutch is fixed on the worm shaft, The other end is installed on the manual shaft and can move axially for a short distance. When the handle of the manual mechanism is driven, the worm shaft rotates accordingly; after electrification, the worm shaft and the manual shaft are independent of each other. The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, safety and reliability.

Description

Fully automatic manual/electric switching device for valve electric device

technical field

The invention relates to the field of valve electric devices, in particular to a fully automatic manual/electric switching device for valve electric devices.

Background technique

Valve is an important part in the pipeline system, which is used to cut off or adjust the medium flow in the pipeline system, and valve products are used in various industrial sectors. The electric valve is composed of the valve electric device and the valve body. The valve electric device is not only a part of the electric valve, but also a very important basic device in the industrial automation system.

Since the 1950s, valve electric devices have been widely used in various industrial sectors of our country, but its main function is to replace manpower to operate those large-caliber valves, so its technical requirements are relatively simple. Most also need manpower to carry out auxiliary operation. From the early 1960s, various industrial sectors in our country began to apply automatic control technology. The application of program control technology and electronic computer technology puts forward requirements for electric valves to adapt to automatic control operations, but the original electric valves cannot meet this requirement at all. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a new type of valve electric device (hereinafter referred to as the electric device) that is suitable for various industrial sectors and can adapt to the automation requirements.

Various valve electric devices are different from each other in structure, but according to the function, each electric device generally includes the following components: (1) main transmission mechanism-reducer, (2) manual/electric switching mechanism-electromagnetic clutch, (3) travel control mechanism and (4) torque limiting mechanism.

At present, the prime movers of most electric devices use three-phase asynchronous motors, and a few use single-phase motors. Between the electric device and the motor, the speed reduction must be achieved through a reducer, which is the main transmission mechanism of the electric device. The electric device is operated by electric drive, but in the event of an accident and during equipment debugging, hand drive is still an essential mode of operation, so any electric device should be equipped with a manual operating mechanism. In order to adapt to changes in working conditions, the electric device should have a switching mechanism between the two operations, that is, a manual/electric switching mechanism. According to the function, the manual/electric switching mechanism can be divided into three types: full manual switching, semi-automatic switching and fully automatic switching.

The working principle diagram of the existing semi-automatic hand/electric switching mechanism is shown in Fig. 1 . Shown in the figure is the electric position of device, among the figure 24 is a motor gear, 30 is a worm spline shaft, 31 is a manual gear, 32 is a worm, 33 is a worm wheel, and 34 is an operating handwheel. When manual operation is required, move the switching handle 21 in the direction shown by the arrow in the figure. The shift fork 22 moves the intermediate clutch 27 to the right according to the direction shown by the arrow in the figure, and meshes with the teeth on the manual half clutch gear 28 on the right side. At this time, the two release levers 26 are in the position shown in FIG. In the position showing the manual state, the protruding part of the shift fork 22 is blocked, so that the manual state is maintained, and the manual operation can be performed by operating the handwheel 34. When electric operation is needed, the starter motor 23 rotates the worm shaft gear 25, and the separation pin 36 positioned on the worm shaft gear 25 opens the two separation levers 26 respectively. Thus, the protruding part of the shift fork 22 moves up under the action of the return spring 29, so that the intermediate clutch 27 moves to the left and meshes with the teeth on the left worm shaft gear 25, and the release lever 26 is in the position shown in Figure 1a. in the electric state position, so that electric operation is maintained.

2a-2d are structural schematic diagrams of the existing fully automatic manual/electric switching mechanism. Its transmission path is: motor 3→cylindrical gear transmission→electric half clutch 2→intermediate clutch 1→spline shaft 10 (ie worm shaft)→worm gear transmission→output shaft.

When it is necessary to switch to manual operation, turn the hand wheel 5, and the eccentric shaft sleeve 4 coaxial with the hand wheel moves the ball sleeve 6, which is set on the ball 7, so the middle clutch 1 is shifted to the right, Engages with manual half clutch 11. At the same time, the intermediate clutch 1 compresses the spring 9, and the shift fork 8 swings to the right with the shaft as the center of a circle driven by the intermediate clutch, and the oblique projection on its top slides downwards and falls into the gap of the release device 12. Due to the action of the tension spring 13, the tripper 12 is closed, on the one hand, the axis of the motor 3 is clamped, and on the other hand, the gap of the tripper 12 blocks the oblique projection on the upper part of the shift fork 8, preventing the shift fork 8 from resetting (towards Left), therefore also just stopped intermediate clutch 1 from slipping to the left, realized manual operation. The transmission path at this time is: hand wheel 5 → bevel gear transmission → cylindrical gear transmission → manual half clutch 1 → spline shaft 10 (ie worm shaft) → worm gear → output shaft.

During electric operation, as long as the motor 3 rotates, the tripping pin 15 on the motor shaft 14 will push away the two arms of the tripping device, so that the gap of the tripping device 12 is opened. At this time, the oblique projection on the top of the shift fork 8 has a tendency to slide upwards, so that there is a possibility of passing through the release gap, and the spring 9 is always pressing the middle clutch to the left, as long as the oblique projection on the top of the shift fork 8 has May move up, then the middle clutch 1 will be pushed to the left easily under the effect of spring 9, and meshes with electric half clutch 2, realizes electric operation. As long as the motor shaft rotates all the time, the release device 12 cannot be closed, and the spring 9 always pushes the intermediate clutch 1 to ensure that the motor is engaged.

This full-automatic hand-electric switching mechanism has a major shortcoming, is exactly that both of eccentric shaft sleeve 4 and ball sleeve 6 are cylinders, and the two cylinders are tangent to a line, and this line is easy to slide over. However, due to factors such as materials and heat treatment processes, the line at the tangent of the two circles becomes a plane, and the distance and parallelism between the centerlines of the two cylinders inevitably have errors during the design, manufacture or assembly process. Due to these two reasons, It is possible that when switching from manual operation to electric operation, the eccentric shaft sleeve 4 prevents the ball sleeve 6 from moving to the left, so that the clutch cannot be engaged when electric. Of course, if the hand wheel 5 is artificially turned at this time to change the position of the eccentric bushing 4, the ball bushing 6 and the intermediate clutch 1 will slide to the left without hindrance to realize electric engagement. area" or switching "dead spots", which are very harmful in centralized control. Therefore, at present, domestic manufacturers of valve electric devices basically produce valve electric device products in the form of semi-automatic switching.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a fully automatic manual/electric switching device of a valve electric device with flexible action, safety and reliability.

For this reason, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A fully automatic manual/electric switching device of a valve electric device, the valve electric device includes a main transmission mechanism equipped with a worm shaft and a manual mechanism equipped with a manual shaft.

The fully automatic manual/electric switching device includes a normally open electromagnetic clutch and a normally closed electromagnetic clutch, the normally open electromagnetic clutch is installed on the worm shaft close to the motor, the connecting plate of the normally open electromagnetic clutch Fixed together with the worm shaft gear and empty on the worm shaft, the yoke of the normally open electromagnetic clutch is connected with the worm shaft through a flat key, between the moving armature and the yoke of the normally open electromagnetic clutch A gap is formed.

One end of the normally closed electromagnetic clutch is fixed on the worm shaft, and the other end is installed on the manual shaft and can move axially for a short distance. When the handle of the manual mechanism is driven, the worm shaft rotates accordingly; , the worm shaft and the manual shaft are independent of each other.

The normally closed electromagnetic clutch includes a fixed armature, a moving armature and a yoke, the fixed armature is fixed on the worm shaft, the moving armature is installed on the manual shaft through a spline, and the upper edge of the yoke A plurality of holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the installation hole, and a push pin is installed in each hole near the side of the movable armature, and a return spring and a set screw are installed behind the push pin, and the fixed armature and the movable armature are placed Under the action of the ejector pin, they engage with each other to form a gap between the moving armature and the yoke.

Preferably, the worm shaft gear is hollowly supported on the worm shaft through a pair of deep groove ball bearings.

Preferably, the gap between the moving armature and the yoke of the normally open electromagnetic clutch is 0.3mm.

Preferably, the gap between the moving armature and the yoke of the normally closed electromagnetic clutch is 1.5mm.

The automatic manual/electric switching device of the valve electric device of the present invention realizes the automatic manual/electric switching function of the valve electric device through the synchronous action of two electromagnetic clutches, and has a simple structure, convenient operation, safety and reliability.

Description of drawings

Figure 1a is a schematic diagram of the existing semi-automatic hand/electric switching mechanism;

Figures 1b and 1c are the cross-sectional views of A-A in Figure 1a in the electric state and manual state respectively;

Figure 2a is a working principle diagram of an existing fully automatic manual/electric switching mechanism;

Fig. 2b is a schematic top view of the clutch part in Fig. 2a;

Figure 2c and Figure 2d are the cross-sectional views of A-A in Figure 2b in the electric state and manual state respectively;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an existing normally open electromagnetic clutch;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the normally open electromagnetic clutch and the worm shaft at the motor connection in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a normally closed electromagnetic clutch in the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the normally closed electromagnetic clutch at the manual position in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fully automatic manual/electric switching device of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a partial sectional view of the fully automatic manual/electric switching device of the present invention.

detailed description

The structure of the fully automatic manual/electric switching device of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Electromagnetic clutch is an electrical component commonly used in machine tool equipment. It not only moves flexibly, but also is safe and reliable. In the design process of the valve electric device, the present invention successfully introduces the electromagnetic clutch into the valve electric device, and realizes the manual/electric fully automatic switching function of the valve electric device safely and reliably through the synchronous action of the two electromagnetic clutches. Among the two electromagnetic clutches, one is a normally open electromagnetic clutch installed on the worm shaft close to the motor, and the other is a normally closed electromagnetic clutch installed on the manual shaft. The structures and installation positions of these two clutches are described in detail below.

(1) Electromagnetic clutch at the motor connection

A normally open electromagnetic clutch as shown in Figure 3 is installed near the motor on the worm shaft. This electromagnetic clutch is a commercially available product, and it is always opened when the power is off. In the schematic diagram of the installation structure shown in Figure 4, 44 is the contact ring of the brush, and 46 is the box body. The deep groove ball bearing is empty on the worm shaft 47, and the magnetic yoke 45 of the electromagnetic clutch is connected together with the worm shaft by a flat key. At this time, there is a gap of 0.3 mm between the movable armature 43 and the yoke 45 . When the worm shaft 47 rotates, it will not affect the rotation of the worm shaft gear 41, and vice versa. When the electromagnetic clutch is energized, the coil in the yoke 45 generates a magnetic force, and overcomes the elastic force of the return spring, attracts the moving armature 43 to the left, and fits together with the yoke 45 . At this time, when the worm shaft gear 41 rotates, the electromagnetic clutch will drive the worm shaft 47 to rotate together.

(2) Electromagnetic clutch at manual shaft

In order to realize the manual/electric fully automatic switching function of the electric device, it is not enough to rely on a normally open electromagnetic clutch, and a normally closed electromagnetic clutch needs to be installed at the manual position to complete the predetermined function. The so-called normally closed electromagnetic clutch means that the clutch is closed when the power is lost.

The normally closed electromagnetic clutch in the present invention is reformed on the basis of the normally open electromagnetic clutch. Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of several key components of the modified normally closed electromagnetic clutch. The main process of the reform is to grind off the inlays on the original clutch yoke, and process three holes on it, and thread at one end of the holes. In addition, process three jacking pins 53 and be contained in the described hole, the backside of jacking pin 53 loads back-moving spring 57 and set screw 58, the restoring force of back-moving spring 57 can be adjusted by set screw 58. The modified yoke part is shown as 54 in FIG. 5 . A pair of fixed armature 51 and movable armature 52 that engage with each other also need to be processed afterwards. The fixed armature 51 can be fixed on the worm shaft by a set screw 55, and the movable armature 52 can move axially in a short distance on the manual shaft 62 by splines. In the embodiment shown in the figures, a gap of 1.5 mm is formed between the armature 52 and the yoke 54 .

Referring to FIG. 6 , during assembly, the fixed armature 51 is fixed on the worm shaft 47 . The remanufactured yoke 54 is loaded from the right side of the manual shaft 62, and then the positioning sleeve 59 and the bearing 60 are packed into successively, and are pressed by the bearing end cover 61. The moving armature 52 is loaded from the left side of the manual shaft 62, and is axially positioned by a circular baffle plate and hexagon socket head cap screw 58. The distance between the movable armature 52 and the magnetic yoke 54 can be adjusted through the hexagon socket head cap screw 58 to ensure that the two parts are within the effective magnetic force range. Have observation window on the casing 46 above whole clutch, can observe the working situation of clutch, be convenient to adjust the distance everywhere in time.

The working principle of the reformed normally closed electromagnetic clutch is: the fixed armature 51 is fixed together with the worm shaft 47 by the set screw 55 . At this time, the movable armature 52 is engaged with the fixed armature 51 under the action of the ejector pin 53 on the yoke 54 . Driving the handle 63 can drive the worm shaft 47 to rotate. When the normally closed electromagnetic clutch is energized, the coil in the yoke 54 generates magnetic force, and overcomes the thrust of the ejector pin 53 to attract the movable armature 52 to the right, so that the movable armature 52 and the fixed armature 51 are disengaged. At this time, the worm shaft 47 and the manual shaft 62 are independent of each other, and if the handle 63 is driven again, the worm shaft 47 will not rotate together.

The invention safely and reliably realizes the manual/electric fully automatic switching function of the electric device through the organic combination of normally open and normally closed electromagnetic clutches. Referring to Figure 7 and Figure 8, Figure 8 is the manual operation state of the electric device. Two electromagnetic clutches are not charged, the normally open electromagnetic clutch 73 at the motor 71 place is opened, and the normally closed electromagnetic clutch 77 at the manual mechanism 78 place is closed. Drive handle 63, worm shaft 47 and manual shaft 62 act synchronously, and can not drive motor gear to rotate. When electric power is needed, the two electromagnetic clutches 73, 77 are charged, the normally open electromagnetic clutch 73 at the motor is closed, and the worm shaft and the motor gear rotate together; and the normally closed electromagnetic clutch 77 at the manual is opened, so that the worm shaft and the manual The shaft is disengaged for electric operation. Reference numeral 72 not explained here is a helical gear, 74 is a stroke control mechanism, 75 is an output shaft of electric equipment, 46 is a box, and 76 is a clutch brush.

Claims (5)

1. null1. the full-automatic manual/electric switching device of an electric device for valve，Described electric device for valve include one equipped with the main drive gear of worm shaft (47) and equipped with the man-operated mechanism of manual shaft (62)，It is characterized in that: this full-automatic manual/electric switching device includes an electromagnetic clutch open in usual (73) and a normally closed type electromagnetic clutch (77)，Described electromagnetic clutch open in usual (73) is arranged on described worm shaft (47) near motor (71) place，The connection dish (42) of this electromagnetic clutch open in usual and worm shaft gear (41) are solidly installed and empty frame is on worm shaft (47)，The yoke (45) of this electromagnetic clutch open in usual (73) is linked together by the same worm shaft of flat key (47)，Form gap between the moving armature (43) and yoke (45) of this electromagnetic clutch open in usual (73)；One end of described normally closed type electromagnetic clutch (77) is fixed on worm shaft (47), and the other end is arranged on manual shaft (62) above and can make short-range moving axially, and when driving the handle of man-operated mechanism, described worm shaft (47) rotates with；It after energising, is mutually independent between described worm shaft (47) and manual shaft (62).
2. 2. the full-automatic manual/electric switching device of electric device for valve according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described normally closed type electromagnetic clutch (77) includes determining armature (51), moving armature (52) and yoke (54), described determine armature 51 and be packed on described worm shaft (47), described moving armature 52 is installed in described manual shaft 62 by spline, in described yoke 54, the circumferencial direction along its installing hole is formed with multiple hole, near moving armature (52) side equipped with ejector pin 53 in each hole, equipped with back-moving spring 57 and holding screw 58 after ejector pin 53, described determine armature (51) and moving armature (52) is mutually twisted under the effect of described ejector pin 53, form gap between described moving armature (52) and yoke (54).
3. 3. the full-automatic manual/electric switching device of electric device for valve according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described worm shaft gear (41) passes through a pair deep groove ball bearing sky frame on worm shaft (47).
4. 4. the full-automatic manual/electric switching device of electric device for valve according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: between the moving armature (43) of described electromagnetic clutch open in usual (73) and yoke (45), gap is 0.3mm.
5. 5. the full-automatic manual/electric switching device of electric device for valve according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: the gap between the moving armature (52) of described normally closed type electromagnetic clutch (77) and yoke (54) is 1.5mm.