CN106114247B - Charging unit, charging method and vehicle - Google Patents
Charging unit, charging method and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN106114247B CN106114247B CN201610267133.4A CN201610267133A CN106114247B CN 106114247 B CN106114247 B CN 106114247B CN 201610267133 A CN201610267133 A CN 201610267133A CN 106114247 B CN106114247 B CN 106114247B
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
This disclosure relates to charging unit, charging method and vehicle.According to a kind of charging unit of the disclosure, comprising: the battery electric coupling of battery interface, the battery interface and vehicle；Charging interface, the power supply interface electric coupling of the charging interface and DC charging station；And the output voltage to obtain output voltage, and via the battery interface is supplied to the battery for the input voltage at the DC charging station inputted via the charging interface to be reduced by DC/DC converter.
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to charging unit, charging method and vehicle, and in particular to for the power battery to vehicle etc. into
Charging unit, charging method and the vehicle using this charging unit of row charging.
Background technique
Conventional truck uses oil product (such as oil and gasoline etc.) as power.But petroleum resources be it is a kind of not
Renewable resource, and its supply and restriction of the price by various unstable factors.In recent years, continuous with battery technology
Progress, people tend to provide electric power using battery more and more to drive vehicle, that is, so-called electric vehicle.Electric vehicle
Generally include hybrid vehicle and pure electric vehicle etc..Hybrid vehicle is often referred to that oil product can either be used,
It is able to use the vehicle being driven by electricity.Pure electric vehicle is often referred to be only capable of the vehicle using being driven by electricity.
It is also more and more for the charging station to electric vehicle charging with gradually popularizing for electric vehicle.Work as electric vehicle
Battery when requiring supplementation with electric power, charging station can be connected to by the charging interface on vehicle, to charge the battery.
A kind of common charging station is DC charging station.DC charging station can directly provide to the battery of electric vehicle straight
Current charge electric current, to quickly supplement electric power for battery.
Summary of the invention
But, on the one hand, consider for safety etc., often there is the upper limit in the current value that DC charging station can provide,
Such as 250A etc..And on the other hand, as many oversize vehicles of the progress of battery technology, such as pure electric bus etc. use
The very battery of large capacity.In this case, due to DC charging station provide electric current limitation, need to grow very much when
Between charge the battery.
The purpose of the disclosure be to solve the problems, such as it is in the prior art at least one.
According to one aspect of the disclosure, a kind of charging unit is provided, which may include: battery interface,
The battery interface can be with the battery electric coupling of vehicle；Charging interface, the charging interface can connect with the power supply at DC charging station
Mouth electric coupling；And DC/DC converter, the DC/DC converter can be the defeated of the DC charging station inputted via charging interface
Enter voltage reduction, to obtain output voltage, and the output voltage can be supplied to via battery interface the battery of vehicle.
A kind of charging method another aspect of the present disclosure provides, the charging method may comprise steps of:
The input voltage from DC charging station is reduced using DC/DC converter, to obtain output voltage；And output voltage is mentioned
The battery of supply vehicle.
According to the another aspect of the disclosure, a kind of vehicle is provided, which may include battery and charging unit.Its
Middle charging unit may include: battery interface, which can be with battery electric coupling；Charging interface, which can
With the power supply interface electric coupling with DC charging station；And DC/DC converter, which can be via charging
The input voltage at the DC charging station of mouth input reduces, to obtain output voltage, and can be via battery interface the output
Voltage is supplied to battery.
According to the another aspect of the disclosure, a kind of charging unit is provided.The charging unit may include: that battery connects
Mouthful, the battery interface can be with the battery electric coupling of vehicle；Charging interface, the charging interface can be with DC charging stations
Power supply interface electric coupling, and receive the input current from DC charging station；And DC/DC converter, which can
With increasing via the received input current of the charging interface, to obtain output electric current, also, the DC/DC converter may be used also
The output electric current is supplied to the battery via the battery interface, to charge to the battery.
According to the another aspect of the disclosure, a kind of charging method is provided.The charging method may comprise steps of:
The input current from DC charging station is increased using DC/DC converter, to obtain output electric current；And use the output
Electric current charges to the battery of vehicle.
According to the another aspect of the disclosure, a kind of vehicle is provided.The vehicle may include battery and charging unit.Its
Described in charging unit may include: battery interface, the battery interface can be with the battery electric coupling of vehicle；Charging interface,
The charging interface can with the power supply interface electric coupling at DC charging station, and receive the input current from DC charging station；
And DC/DC converter, the DC/DC converter can be increasing, to obtain via the received input current of the charging interface
Export electric current, and the output electric current can be supplied to the battery via the battery interface, with to the battery into
Row charging.
Detailed description of the invention
The details of the disclosure, including some specific implementations are presented in the detailed description carried out below in reference to attached drawing
Example.
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram using DC charging station to electric vehicle charging.
Fig. 2 shows the organigrams of electric vehicle in the prior art.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the charging unit of one embodiment according to the disclosure.
Fig. 4 shows the flow chart of the charging method of one embodiment according to the disclosure.
Fig. 5 shows the signal of the vehicle comprising charging unit and charging station according to one embodiment of the disclosure
Figure.
Fig. 6 show be according to one embodiment of the disclosure power battery charging flow chart.
Fig. 7 shows the schematic diagram of the charging unit of one embodiment according to the disclosure.
Fig. 8 shows the schematic diagram of the charging unit of one embodiment according to the disclosure.
Fig. 9 shows the schematic diagram of the charging unit of one embodiment according to the disclosure.
Figure 10 shows the flow chart of the charging method of one embodiment according to the disclosure.
Specific embodiment
Attached drawing and following description are only related to the various exemplary embodiments of the disclosure by way of illustration.It should infuse
Meaning, the alternate embodiment of structures and methods disclosed herein will be easily recognizable as being not depart from the claimed disclosure
Principle in the case where adoptable available options.Referring to many embodiments of the disclosure, these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings
Example.In feasible place, similar or like function is indicated using similar or like reference label.Only for illustration
Purpose, attached drawing depicts embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram using DC charging station to electric vehicle charging.As shown in Figure 1, working as electric vehicle 100
When needing to charge, people can stop vehicle near DC charging station 101.DC charging station 101 usually has one or more
Charging plug 102, the charging plug 102 may be coupled to the charging interface 104 being set on electric vehicle 100.In order to look after
The charging interface 104 of the use habit of conventional petroleum vehicle, electric vehicle can be set in right lateral side, thus with petroleum vehicle
Oil filler is consistent.Certainly, charging interface 104 also can be set in other positions, for example, the left side of electric vehicle, headstock,
The tailstock, roof or vehicle bottom etc..
In the disclosure, electric vehicle 100 can be electronic minibus, electric truck, electrobus etc..It should manage
Solution, the technology of the disclosure can be used for above-mentioned any type vehicle, and be not limited to a certain specific type.
Fig. 2 shows the organigrams of electric vehicle in the prior art.As shown in Fig. 2, electric vehicle includes that battery fills
The components such as electrical interface 201, power battery 202, electric machine controller 203 and motor 204.When to electric vehicle charging, charging
Electric current provides electric power from such as DC charging station (not shown) to power battery 202 by battery charging interface 201, thus dynamic
Chemical energy is converted electrical current into power battery 202 to store.After power battery 202 is fully charged, battery charging interface 201 with
DC charging station disconnects.In electric vehicle driving process, the chemical energy of storage is converted into electric energy by power battery 202,
And motor 204 is provided power to, for driving electric vehicle to travel.In the illustrated example shown in fig. 2, in 202 He of power battery
Electric machine controller 203 is also provided between motor 204, electric machine controller 203 can control operation and the handle of motor 204
The electric power of power battery 202 is supplied to motor 204.
Power battery in the disclosure refers to that, for the power supply to powered tools source, Duo Zhiwei electric vehicle etc. mentions
For the battery of power, in the starting battery for common petroleum car engine start, (such as voltage is 12V left to the main distinction
Right lead-acid accumulator).For electric vehicle, both power battery can be used to provide whole electric power for vehicle, it can also be with
It is powered respectively to different components using multiple batteries.Such as power battery can only be used to that electric vehicle is driven to travel, and adopt
With individual battery (such as lead-acid battery) come for lighting apparatus (such as car light) and electronic equipment (such as radio and sound
Ring) etc. power supply.
In electric vehicle field, the charging modes of power battery can be using constant voltage mode, current constant mode, stage charging
Mode and pulse charging manner etc..Detailed explanation is carried out to the charging unit of the disclosure by taking current constant mode as an example below and is said
It is bright.But those skilled in the art under the introduction and enlightenment of the disclosure it should be appreciated that the charging unit can also be used in it is other
In charging modes.
In current constant mode, DC charging station provides the electric current of substantially constant size to power battery to charge.It is logical
Often, the voltage of power battery and internal resistance all change with the size of remaining capacity in power battery.In order to guarantee to power electric
Pond carries out constant-current charge, and the charging voltage at DC charging station can constantly be adjusted according to the electric quantity change of power battery.But
For the power battery of large capacity, since the output electric current at DC charging station has upper limit value (such as 250A), even if according to most
High current charges, it is still desirable to battery is lot more time to be full of.And with the development of battery technology, battery completely may be used
To be designed to receive higher charging current (it is greater than 250A perhaps 300A-700A or more high current, is greater than
800A).In consideration of it, some embodiments of the present disclosure give a kind of allow using existing DC charging station to be more than on defined
Limit value is the charging unit of electric vehicle charging.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the charging unit 300 according to one embodiment of the disclosure.As shown in figure 3, charging dress
Setting 300 includes charging interface 301, DC/DC converter 302 and battery interface 303.Wherein, battery interface 303 can be with vehicle
202 electric coupling of power battery, charging interface 301 can be with the power supply interface (or charging plug) of DC charging station (not shown)
Electric coupling, DC/DC converter 302 can drop input voltage input via charging interface 301, from DC charging station
It is low, to obtain output voltage.In addition, DC/DC converter 302 output voltage can also be supplied to via battery interface 303 it is dynamic
Power battery 202, to charge for power battery 202.
DC/DC converter is a kind of DC voltage of transformation input effectively to export the electric pressure converter of DC voltage.Often
The DC/DC converter seen can be broadly divided into three classes: step-up DC/DC converter, voltage-dropping type DC/DC converter and buck
Type DC/DC converter.In above-described embodiment of the disclosure, DC/DC converter 302 can be a kind of voltage-dropping type DC/DC conversion
Device.In another embodiment of the disclosure, DC/DC converter 302 can also be buck-boost type DC/DC converter.
In the case where ignoring the power loss of DC/DC converter 302, it is believed that the function of input DC/DC converter 302
Rate is substantially equal to the power exported from DC/DC converter 302.Therefore, when the output voltage of DC/DC converter 302 is lower than input
In the case where voltage, the electric current exported from DC/DC converter 302 is typically larger than the electric current for inputting DC/DC converter 302.
It, can by increasing the charging unit 300 between the power battery 202 of vehicle and DC charging station (not shown)
DC current from DC charging station is amplified, to provide bigger charging current to power battery 202.
Fig. 4 shows the flow chart of the charging method of one embodiment according to the disclosure.
As shown in figure 4, firstly, using DC/DC converter from DC charging station input voltage reduce, it is defeated to obtain
Voltage (step 401) out.For example, can be exported from DC charging station when needing to charge to power battery using 400V
The direct current of 800V.By the conversion of DC-DC converter, become the output voltage of 400V.
Then, using the output voltage to the battery charging (step 402) of vehicle.In this way, even if DC charging station energy
There are the upper limits for the electric current of offer, can also break through the limitation, to charge by the battery of vehicle of bigger electric current.
Figure 10 also shows the flow chart of charging method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in Figure 10, firstly, the input current from DC charging station is increased using DC/DC converter, to obtain
Export electric current (step 1001).For example, can be filled from direct current when needing the electric current using 500A to charge power battery
The DC current of power station output 250A.By the conversion of DC-DC converter, become the output electric current of 500A.
Then, the battery charging (step 1002) for exporting electric current to vehicle for the use of size being 500A.In this way, even if direct current
There are the upper limits for the electric current that charging station can provide, and can also break through the limitation, to charge by the battery of vehicle of bigger electric current.
To the disclosure be explained in more detail and be illustrated in conjunction with specific embodiments further below.
Fig. 5 shows the vehicle comprising charging unit of one embodiment and showing for DC charging station according to the disclosure
It is intended to.As shown in figure 5, DC charging station 510 includes DC output devices 511 and charging station control 512.Wherein, direct current is defeated
Device 511 receives alternating current from AC power supplies 541 out, and direct current electricity output to electric vehicle 500.Electricity as charging station
Source, AC power supplies 541 are, for example, three-phase alternating current.In China, three-phase alternating current is capable of providing frequency according to the difference of the mode of connection
For 50Hz, the exchange that voltage is 220V or 380V is inputted.In other countries, can also provide frequency is 60Hz, voltage 110V
Exchange input etc..
Electric vehicle 500 includes charging unit 520 and electrokinetic cell system 530.Charging unit 520 may include charging
Interface 521, DC/DC converter 522, battery interface 523 and charging unit controller 524.Electrokinetic cell system 530 includes dynamic
Power battery 531 and battery controller 532.Power battery 531 usually may include multiple rechargeable batteries.In one embodiment
In, these rechargeable batteries are segmented into multiple battery packs, and it uses and is connected in series between each battery pack, and inside each group
Each rechargeable battery is by the way of being connected in parallel.Certainly, the chargeable electricity according to the actual needs used, in power battery
Pond can use any suitable connection type.
The so-called rechargeable battery of the disclosure can be lithium iron battery, safer because the electric power of lithium iron battery is more sufficient,
It is lighter, so using lithium iron battery on current many electric cars.But the rechargeable battery of the disclosure is not limited to iron lithium
Battery can also be such as nickel-cadmium cell, nickel-metal hydride battery, lithium ion battery or lead-acid accumulator.
When needing to charge for electric vehicle 500, the charging interface 521 of charging unit 520 can be connected to charging station
510, so that charging interface 521 connect (DC+, DC-) with DC output devices 511 and charging station control 512.Charging interface
521 receive the direct current from DC output devices 511, and the direct current is sent to DC/DC converter 522.Institute as above
It states, DC/DC converter 522 can reduce the voltage of the direct current and increase electric current.The electric current of increase passes through battery interface 523
It is provided to the power battery 531 of electrokinetic cell system, to charge to power battery 531.
In addition, in one example, charging unit controller 524 and charging station control 512 can also pass through charging
Mouth 521 transmits data, and charging unit controller 524 and battery controller 532 can pass through battery interface 523 and transmit data.?
In the embodiment, this data transmission can be carried out using such as CAN bus (CANH, CANL) according to CAN protocol.But this
Field is it will be appreciated by the skilled person that data transmission can also use other any agreements or mode, however it is not limited to CAN protocol.
Battery controller 532 can obtain the battery information of battery from power battery 531, for example, the voltage of battery, temperature,
The information such as charged state.In addition, battery controller can generate battery charge requirement according to these battery informations, such as need to mention
Supply power charging voltage and the charging current etc. of battery.Battery charge requirement can be provided to by battery interface 523 to be filled
Electric installation controller 524.
Charging unit controller 524 can receive the battery charging from battery controller 532 by battery interface 523 and need
It asks.According to the battery charge requirement, charging unit controller 524 can control DC/DC converter 522, so that DC/DC converter
522 provide voltage and current appropriate to battery interface 523, thus for the rechargeable battery charging in power battery 531.
On the other hand, charging unit controller 524 can also pass through according to the battery charge requirement from battery controller
Charging interface 521 sends information to charging station control 512, informs the voltage that charging station 510 needs to provide to charging interface 521
And size of current.In this way, charging station control 512 can control DC output devices 511, according to carrying out self charger controller
524 information provides voltage and current appropriate to charging interface 521.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, charging unit controller 524 and battery controller 532 are two discrete devices.
According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, all or part of function of charging unit controller 524 can be by battery controller
532 execute.The disclosure is not restricted to this.
In addition, according to the controller of disclosure exemplary embodiment, (such as the charging station control 512 in Fig. 5, charging are filled
Set controller 524, battery controller 532) for example including computer based system, micro- place can be based on using many forms
Manage system, microcontroller, electronic control module (ECM), electronic control unit (ECU) or any other suitable control of device
Type circuit or system.Controller can also include one or more specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate array
(FPGA) and logic circuit, it is configured as the function for making controller that the various exemplary embodiments according to the disclosure may be implemented
Energy.
In a kind of exemplary embodiment, each controller may include with one or more in lower component (not shown)
It is a: memory；The processing component coupled with storage operation, such as microcontroller or microprocessor；Store equipment；It inputs defeated
(I/O) interface out；And communication component.
Processing component can be configured as the signal of electronic device within the interior or exterior of the vehicle of the reception from electric vehicle 100 simultaneously
The signal is handled, to generate control signal.Processing component can be configured to send the control for example, by I/O interface
Signal processed, to control the operation of electric vehicle or charging station.In operation, processing component can execute memory and/or deposit
The computer instruction stored in storage equipment.
Memory and storage device may include the storage medium of any suitable type respectively.Memory for example can wrap
Nonvolatile computer readable storage medium is included, it includes can be by the instruction for the application or method that processing component executes.Memory is also
It can store the data for charging to electric vehicle, it is all as follows to mention battery information, battery charge requirement, charging
Maximum output of standing ability etc..For example, the nonvolatile computer readable storage medium can be read-only memory (ROM), deposit at random
Access to memory (RAM), flash memories, storage chip (or integrated circuit) etc..Storage equipment may include volatibility or it is non-easily
The property lost, magnetic, semiconductor, light, removable, non-removable or other kinds of storage equipment or computer-readable medium, with to control
Device processed provides additional memory space.
I/O interface may include the one or more number for allowing controller to communicate with other systems and equipment and/or mould
Quasi- communication equipment.For example, I/O interface can receive the signal from charging station, charging unit or battery controller and by signal
Processing component is sent to be further processed.I/O interface may also receive from one or more control letters of processing component
Number, and transmit control signals to other devices or equipment.
Communication component can be configured as wired between pilot controller and other equipment (such as other controllers) or
Wireless communication.Communication component can access nothing by communication standard (such as WiFi, LTE, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G etc.) based on one or more
Gauze network.In one exemplary embodiment, communication component may include near-field communication (NFC) module with pilot controller and its
Short haul connection between his equipment.In a further exemplary embodiment, communication component may be implemented as based on radio frequency identification
(RFID) technology, Infrared Data Association (IrDA) technology, ultra wide band (UWB) technology, bluetooth (BT) technology or other technologies.
Fig. 6 shows the flow chart using charging unit shown in fig. 5 for power battery charging.
As shown in fig. 6, after charging station is physically connected to electric vehicle, into the charging preparation stage.At this stage, it charges
Charging station maximum output ability (for example, maximum output voltage, maximum output current, peak power output etc.) can be provided by standing
Give charging unit (step 601).
Then, the charging unit controller 524 of charging unit 520 is according to the parameter and charging station of DC/DC converter 522
510 maximum output ability obtain charging unit 520 maximum output ability (such as maximum output voltage, maximum output current,
Peak power output etc.), and the maximum output ability of charging unit 520 is supplied to electrokinetic cell system (step 602).
In addition, electrokinetic cell system can be supplied to battery charging parameter 520 (step 603) of charging unit.Here, electric
Pond charge parameter can be one or more in for example following parameter: monomer power accumulator highest allows charging voltage, most
Height allows charging current, the nominal gross energy of power accumulator, highest to allow charge total voltage, maximum permissible temperature, vehicle power
Storage battery charge state and vehicle power accumulator current battery level etc..
Charging unit 520 can also be transmitted to battery charging parameter 510 (step 604) of charging station.
So far, the charging preparation stage of power battery terminates, into the charging stage.
In the charging stage, electrokinetic cell system 530 sends battery charge requirement (step 605) to charging unit 520.Here
Charge requirement may include such as voltage requirements, current needs and charge mode (such as constant-voltage charge or constant-current charge
Deng).Since in charging process, the voltage of battery and internal resistance are all constantly changing, therefore voltage requirements and current needs can also
It can real-time change.In some embodiments, charge requirement can be sent to charging unit in real time, such as can be according to certain week
Phase (such as 50ms, 100ms, 200ms, 250ms etc.) is sent.
Charging unit controller 524 in charging unit 520 can be maximum defeated according to battery charge requirement, charging station 510
Output capacity, charging unit 520 the parameter of DC/DC converter 522 determine: output voltage and electric current, the DC/ of charging station 510
Input voltage (i.e. the output voltage of charging station 510) and the ratio (i.e. transformation ratio) of output voltage of DC converter 522 etc..
In addition, charging unit controller 524 can be using the output voltage of identified charging station 510 and electric current etc. as filling
Electric installation demand is sent to 510 (step 606) of charging station.
Charging station 510 provides specified electricity to charging unit 520 according to the charging unit demand for carrying out self charger 520
Pressure and electric current (step 607).For example, in the example depicted in fig. 5, specified voltage and current is mentioned via charging interface 521
Supply the DC/DC converter 522 in charging unit 520.
Then, DC/DC converter 522 turns the voltage of input according to the ratio that charging unit controller 524 is specified
It changes, to obtain the required voltage and current that charges to power battery 531.Then, DC/DC converter 522 is for example, by battery
Voltage and current by conversion is supplied to 530 (step 608) of electrokinetic cell system by interface 523.To power battery 531
It is gradually charged.
After power battery 531 is full of, charging completion signal (step 609) will be sent to charging unit 520.Charging unit
After controller 524 receives the charging completion signal, the instruction (step 610) for stopping power supply being sent to charging station 510, so that filling
Power station 510 stops output voltage and electric current.
In a more specific example, power battery 531 for example needs under about 300V voltage with about 500A's
Constant current charges, in this way, charge power is about 150KW.Although DC charging station is capable of providing up to such as 210KW
Charge power, but the considerations of for such as secure context (such as fever of charging interface), the maximum at DC charging station is defeated
Electric current is limited in such as 250A out.It is connected in the electrokinetic cell system offer electric power of electric vehicle if stood erectly by DC charging,
It is not able to satisfy the current needs of 500A then, can only charge according to the largest of about electric current of 250A, the charging time is caused to be extended.
In above-described embodiment of the disclosure, charging dress is increased between DC charging station 510 and electrokinetic cell system 530
Set 520.Since the DC/DC converter 522 of charging unit 520 is the buck converter that for example can reduce voltage, when
Such as electrokinetic cell system 530 is when providing the battery charge requirement of 300V, 500A, the controller of charging unit 520 can be to filling
Power station 510 sends charging unit demand, which can be such as request charging station 510 and provide 600V, 250A
Electric power.The 600V voltage from charging station is depressured by the DC/DC converter in charging unit, obtains the output electricity of 300V
Pressure, to charge according to 500A to power battery 531.In this way, needing to provide electric power according to 250A electric current at charging station 510
In the case of, it can satisfy the charge requirement of the 500A charging current of power battery.
The upper limit value of the setting output electric current of charging station 510 is based on many factors.One reason for this is that preventing from charging
Interface overheat is burnt.The fever of charging interface generally depends on size of current and contact resistance.For the charging plug of charging station
For, charging plug needs often plug.The reasons such as abrasion and oxidation with charging plug, contact resistance can gradually increase.
In addition, being inserted into charging plug every time, due to factors such as insertion dynamics, angles, the contact resistance of formation all may be different.Therefore,
In order to ensure safety, extra high charging current cannot be provided by avoiding charging interface from accidents, the charging station such as burning.
In the disclosure, in the car due to charging unit installation, so the battery interface of charging unit can be with vehicle
Electrokinetic cell system using being fixedly connected, such as by the modes such as welding, screw be fixed, the output electric current of charging unit is led to
It crosses conducting wire and is supplied to electrokinetic cell system.It is this to be fixedly connected with that be capable of providing lower contact resistance, connection stronger reliable.
Therefore, in the case where avoiding overheat, it is able to bear bigger electric current.
Fig. 7 shows the schematic diagram of the charging unit of one embodiment according to the disclosure.As shown in fig. 7, the embodiment
It is with embodiment shown in fig. 5 difference: is provided with temperature sensor 725, Yi Ji in the charging interface 521 of charging unit
Temperature sensor 726 is provided in battery interface 523.
By temperature sensor 725 and 726, charging unit controller 524 can for example monitor 521 He of charging interface in real time
The temperature of battery interface 523.It is super when sensing such as temperature of charging interface 521 or the temperature of battery interface in charging process
When crossing predetermined temperature value, charging unit controller 524 can make DC/DC converter stop working.For example, charging unit controller
524 can send instruction to charging station, so that being reduced to zero from the voltage and current that charging station exports or making a reservation for lower than one
Value.
In alternative dispensing means, when the temperature for sensing charging interface 521 in charging process is more than predetermined temperature value
When, charging unit controller 524 can send to charging station 510 and instruct, so that the voltage that charging station 510 exports further rises
It is high.Meanwhile charging unit controller 524 also orders DC/DC converter 522 to change transformation ratio, so that input voltage and output electricity
The ratio of pressure further increases.In this way, for power battery 531, although the output voltage of charging station increases, due to
The transformation ratio of DC/DC converter 522 changes correspondingly, so that the charging voltage and charging current of power battery 531 are basically unchanged.It is right
For the charging interface 521 of charging unit 520, since the charging voltage and charging current of power battery 531 are basically unchanged (i.e.
The charge power of power battery 531 does not change substantially), as the voltage from charging station 510 increases, come from charging station 510
Electric current reduce, to reduce the calorific value of charging interface.In this way, the temperature that temperature sensor 725 senses can be dropped
It is low.The advantages of this mode is can persistently to charge to power battery in the case where guaranteeing safety, is filled without interrupting
Electric process.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 7, it is all provided in the charging interface 521 of charging unit 520 and battery interface 523
Temperature sensor.As the example of replacement, temperature can be only set in one of charging interface 521 or battery interface 523 and passed
Sensor.Alternatively, temperature sensor can be set near charging interface or near battery interface, connect without being arranged
Mouth is internal.
Fig. 8 shows the schematic diagram of the charging unit of one embodiment according to the disclosure.As shown in figure 8, in charging station
Accessory power supply 813 is also provided in 510, which can be by charging interface 521 to charging unit controller
524 power supplies (A+, A-).In this way, charging unit controller 524 does not need the electric power of consumption power battery 531, so as to faster
Ground keeps power battery fully charged.Since accessory power supply 813 does not need as power battery charging, accessory power supply 813 be can be
Low-voltage dc power supply, such as the voltage of accessory power supply 813 can be 5V, 12V or 20V etc..
In one embodiment according to the disclosure, charging unit can also include connecting detection device, for determining that this is filled
Electric installation will be disconnected with DC charging station.Fig. 9 is shown according to one embodiment of the disclosure comprising this connection inspection
Survey the schematic diagram of the charging unit of device.
As shown in figure 9, being additionally provided with connecting detection device 928 in charging unit 520.In one embodiment, which examines
Surveying device can be such as voltage detector, for detecting to the voltage at test point 2.In the example of figure 9, in route
Resistance R3 and R5 are in series on CC2, resistance R3 is located in charging station 510, and resistance R5 is located in charging unit 520, route CC2's
One end is connected to ground wire GND in charging station 510, and the other end is applied constant voltage U2 in charging unit 520.As schemed
Show, test point 2 is arranged in charging unit, between resistance R3 and resistance R5.
According to arrangement shown in Fig. 9, when the charging unit 520 of charging station 510 and vehicle disconnects, route
CC2 is interrupted.Connecting detection device 928 detects that the voltage at test point 2 changes, and charging unit controller 524 is according to inspection
Voltage change at measuring point 2 determines that charging station 510 and the charging unit 520 of vehicle disconnect.
In addition, connecting again with resistance R1 after resistance R2 and R4 are in parallel, resistance R1 and R2 are located at charging station on route CC1
In 510, resistance R4 is located in charging unit 520.Test point 1 on route CC1 is arranged in charging station 510.In addition, resistance R2
And R4 is connected in parallel between ground wire GND and test point 1, applies voltage U1 to one end of route CC1.In addition, resistance R2 is also in series with
Switch K1.
Using these devices on route CC1, the energy before being connect with 520 actual switch-off of charging unit of charging station 510
It is enough to know that the two disconnect in advance.For example, in one example, charging station 520 has permanently connected with charging station 520
Charging cable and charging plug (not shown) together.It is connect in charging plug with the charging interface 521 of charging unit 520
When, due to safety concerns, the connection is usually locked using locking device (not shown), prevents in charging process charging plug and fill
Electrical interface 521 is unexpected to be disconnected.
Unblock button can be set on charging plug.It needs to pull up charging plug when in charging end or charging process
When, it needs first to press unblock button.After pressing unblock button, switch K1 as shown in Figure 9 will be disconnected.In this way, route CC1
Become only resistance R1 and R4 series connection, the voltage of test point 1 is caused to change.Charging station control 512 is able to detect that
This voltage change, and can determine that unblock button has been pressed according to the voltage change.This means that the charging of charging station
Plug will be disconnected with the charging interface of vehicle.In one alternate embodiment, charging station control 512 can also be into one
Step sends message to charging unit controller 524 for example, by CAN bus (CANH and CANL), to inform that charging plug will be with
Charging interface 521 disconnects.
In addition, in the example depicted in fig. 9, charging station 510 can also detect that charging plug and charging interface are practical
Through disconnecting.For example, resistance R4 is also disconnected from route CC1 after charging plug is extracted from charging interface.In this way, at test point 1
Voltage it will happen again variation.Charging station control 512 according to the voltage change can determine charging plug with charging
Mouth 521 disconnects.In one embodiment, charging station control 512 can also send to charging unit controller 524 and disappear
Breath informs charging plug and the already off connection of charging interface 521.
In the example of figure 9, voltage U1 can be the DC voltage such as 12V, 20V, and can be by for example charging
Accessory power supply stood in 510 etc. provides.Voltage U2 may be the DC voltage such as 12V, 20V, and can be by for example
Vehicle-mounted 12V battery provides.Certainly, voltage U2 can also be provided by other power supplys.For example, voltage U2 can also pass through
Accessory power supply in charging station is powered.In some embodiments, pressure stabilizing can also be set in charging station and/or charging unit
Device, to keep the stabilization of voltage U1 and U2.
It should be appreciated that Fig. 9 illustrates only a kind of example of connection for detecting charging station and charging unit.Art technology
Personnel can also detect the connection of charging station and charging unit using other way according to the introduction and enlightenment of Fig. 9.
For example, in another embodiment of the disclosure, charging station can have charging socket, and electric vehicle have with
The plug that vehicle is permanently connected together.It In yet another embodiment, can be using with vehicle plug and charging station plug
Independent movable cable.
The charging unit and charging method according to the disclosure is described in detail above in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 9.Although in Fig. 1-figure
In 9 example, always using electric vehicle as example.It is understood that the charging unit of the disclosure may be adapted to any shape
Electric of formula, such as electric wheelchair, electric vehicle, electric ship, Electric aircraft etc..In addition, the charging of the disclosure
Device can be applicable to any equipment for needing to charge to battery using high current, and be not limited to electric.
According to above teaching, those skilled in the art will recognize that, it without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure, can
Implement the device and method of the disclosure with many different modes other than described mode.Therefore, it should according to accompanying
Claims and its legal equivalents judge the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of charging unit, comprising:
The battery electric coupling of battery interface, the battery interface and vehicle；
Charging interface, the power supply interface electric coupling of the charging interface and DC charging station；
DC/DC converter, for the input voltage at the DC charging station inputted via the charging interface to be reduced, with
The output voltage is supplied to the battery to output voltage, and via the battery interface；
Controller, for controlling the DC/DC converter according to the first signal from the battery, to adjust the output electricity
Pressure；And
At least one temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor of at least one of described temperature sensor be arranged to it is described
Charging interface is adjacent,
Wherein the controller is additionally configured to send second signal to the DC charging station, to adjust the input voltage,
The controller is also configured to when the temperature that first temperature sensor senses is more than predetermined temperature, described
Controller improves the input voltage by the second signal,
The controller is also utilised by are as follows: orders the DC/DC converter to change transformation ratio, so that the input voltage and output
The ratio of voltage increases and makes the charging voltage of the battery and charging current constant.
2. charging unit according to claim 1, wherein the DC/DC converter has input current and output electric current,
The input current is less than the output electric current.
3. charging unit according to claim 1, wherein the controller is additionally configured to produce based on first signal
The raw second signal.
4. charging unit according to claim 1 further includes connecting detection device, for determining the charging unit and described straight
Current charge station disconnects.
5. charging unit according to claim 4, wherein the connecting detection device includes voltage detector, for detecting
The voltage of predetermined point in the charging unit.
6. a kind of charging method, comprising:
The input voltage from DC charging station is reduced using DC/DC converter, to obtain output voltage；
Battery using the output voltage to vehicle charges,
Receive the first signal from the battery；And
The DC/DC converter is controlled according to first signal, to adjust the output voltage；
Second signal is sent to the DC charging station, to adjust the input voltage；
Sense the temperature of charging interface；And
When the temperature of charging interface is more than predetermined temperature, the input voltage, and order are improved by the second signal
The DC/DC converter changes transformation ratio, so that the ratio of the input voltage and output voltage increases and makes the electricity
The charging voltage and charging current in pond are constant.
7. charging method according to claim 6, wherein the input current of the DC/DC converter is less than the DC/DC
The output electric current of converter.
8. charging method according to claim 6, wherein generate the second signal based on first signal.
9. charging method according to claim 7, further includes: determine that the vehicle is disconnected with DC charging station.
10. charging method according to claim 9, wherein the voltage by detecting predetermined point determines the vehicle and straight
Current charge station disconnects.
11. a kind of vehicle, comprising:
Battery；With
Charging unit, wherein the charging unit includes:
Battery interface, the battery interface and the battery electric coupling；
Charging interface, the power supply interface electric coupling of the charging interface and DC charging station；
DC/DC converter, for the input voltage at the DC charging station inputted via the charging interface to be reduced, with
The output voltage is supplied to the battery to output voltage, and via the battery interface；
Controller, for controlling the DC/DC converter according to the first signal from the battery, to adjust the output electricity
Pressure；And
At least one temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor of at least one of described temperature sensor be arranged to it is described
Charging interface is adjacent,
Wherein the controller is additionally configured to send second signal to the DC charging station, to adjust the input voltage,
The controller is also configured to when the temperature that first temperature sensor senses is more than predetermined temperature, described
Controller improves the input voltage by the second signal,
The controller is also utilised by are as follows: orders the DC/DC converter to change transformation ratio, so that the input voltage and output
The ratio of voltage increases and makes the charging voltage of the battery and charging current constant.
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| CN201610267133.4A CN106114247B (en) | 2016-04-27 | 2016-04-27 | Charging unit, charging method and vehicle |
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| KR102690678B1 (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2024-08-01 | 에이치엘만도 주식회사 | Apparatus For Providing Power Of vehicle |
| JP6819515B2 (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2021-01-27 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | vehicle |
| CN107719175B (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-12-24 | 江苏智蓝电源科技有限公司 | Detection method and charging and discharging system based on high-power DC/DC power supply for charging station |
| CN108001270B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2020-01-07 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Direct current charging circuit and direct current charging detection method |
| CN108649675A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-10-12 | 深圳驿普乐氏科技有限公司 | A kind of charging equipment and its distribution method |
| CN108899946A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-11-27 | 北京车和家信息技术有限公司 | Battery charger, control method, electric car and electronic charging vehicle |
| CN217197829U (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-08-16 | 长春捷翼汽车零部件有限公司 | Electric automobile charging source, charging management system, charging pile and electric automobile |
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| US7256516B2 (en) * | 2000-06-14 | 2007-08-14 | Aerovironment Inc. | Battery charging system and method |
| JP5724053B2 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2015-05-27 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Electric vehicle power supply system |
| JP5820972B2 (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2015-11-24 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Power converter |
| US9834102B2 (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2017-12-05 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | In-vehicle power supply device |
| CN204936849U (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-01-06 | 盐城利维线缆有限公司 | A kind of electric vehicle alternating-current charging interface protector |
| CN105186673A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2015-12-23 | 厦门大学 | Multi-energy-storage solar charging station based on slide average filter |
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Address after: 100026 8 floor 909, 105 building 3, Yao Yuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing. Applicant after: Lexus Automobile (Beijing) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100026 8 floor 909, 105 building 3, Yao Yuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing. Applicant before: FARADAY (BEIJING) NETWORK TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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Effective date of registration: 20180910 Address after: 511400 9, Nansha District Beach Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 9 Applicant after: Evergrande Faraday Future Smart Car (Guangdong) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100026 8 floor 909, 105 building 3, Yao Yuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing. Applicant before: Lexus Automobile (Beijing) Co.,Ltd. |
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Effective date of registration: 20190319 Address after: 100015 Building No. 7, 74, Jiuxianqiao North Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 001 Patentee after: FAFA Automobile (China) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 511400 9, Nansha District Beach Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 9 Patentee before: Evergrande Faraday Future Smart Car (Guangdong) Co.,Ltd. |