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CN106103203A - 具有加强外皮的i形梁 - Google Patents

具有加强外皮的i形梁 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106103203A
CN106103203A CN201480072810.6A CN201480072810A CN106103203A CN 106103203 A CN106103203 A CN 106103203A CN 201480072810 A CN201480072810 A CN 201480072810A CN 106103203 A CN106103203 A CN 106103203A
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assembly
fiber
crust
flange
top flange
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C·约翰斯顿
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Teijin Automotive Technologies Inc
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Continental Structural Plastics Inc
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Priority to CN201710485556.8A priority Critical patent/CN107264457A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/18—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
    • B60R19/26—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means
    • B60R19/34—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means destroyed upon impact, e.g. one-shot type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/38—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising epoxy resins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/15—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
    • B62D29/04—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of synthetic material
    • B62D29/041—Understructures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
    • B32B2323/10—Polypropylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/18—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact
    • B60R2019/1806—Structural beams therefor, e.g. shock-absorbing
    • B60R2019/1833—Structural beams therefor, e.g. shock-absorbing made of plastic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/18—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact
    • B60R2019/186—Additional energy absorbing means supported on bumber beams, e.g. cellular structures or material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种I形梁组件，包括通过垂直腹板接合的顶部凸缘和底部凸缘。加强外皮包覆成型在所述的顶部凸缘和底部凸缘上。顶部凸缘和底部凸缘以及腹板都是由相同的热塑性聚合物材料或热固性聚合物材料制成。本申请可用的聚合物材料包括聚丙烯、尼龙、环氧树脂、聚酯或乙烯基酯材料。

Description

具有加强外皮的I形梁
相关申请
本申请要求2013年12月10日申请的美国临时申请第61/914,113号的优先权，其内容通过引用并入本申请中。
技术领域
本发明大体上涉及一种复合材料，尤其涉及一种复合的I形梁结构，具有在I形梁的拉伸和压缩侧上的连续纤维外皮和包覆成型在连续纤维外皮上的短纤维材料。
背景技术
在以汽车、交通和物流为基础的行业，为了生产出对于陆运和空运都更节能的交通工具，重量减轻已经成为主要焦点。为了实现这些重量碱轻，已引入轻质复合材料，代替金属结构和表面体部件和面板。复合材料是由两种或多种具有显著不同的物理和化学性能的组成材料制成的材料，当各组成材料结合时，生产出一种具有不同于各个组分的特性的材料。各个组分在最终的结构中保持独立和不同。可以优选复合材料原因有很多：常见的例子包括当与传统的材料相比，复合材料更坚固、更轻或更便宜。
结构汽车部件设计成通过吸收和耗散动能，以在高速事故中保护车内乘员。结构部件，如车门防侧撞横梁，在碰撞中保护乘员。结构汽车部件还设计成通过暂时变形或偏转吸收动能，以尽量减少车辆在低速碰撞中的损坏。I形梁(又称H形梁)是在汽车结构应用中常见的结构部件。I形梁或H形梁的名称源于其截面形状是“I”形或“H”形。I形梁的水平元件被称为凸缘，而连接凸缘的垂直或者中心元件称为腹板。所述的腹板对抗剪切力，而凸缘抵抗横梁承受的大部分弯曲力矩。I形截面是承载腹板平面上的弯曲和剪切载荷的非常有效的形式。然而，截面在横断方向上的承受力低，并且也不能充分承载扭转。为了提高I形梁的扭转性能，可以在腹板和凸缘之间添加肋状物。
而复合材料已用于生产结构化汽车组件和应用中的I形梁，这些I形梁在高速碰撞过程中出现了梁分离。此外，现有梁的缺点是完全依赖于短纤维复合材料，短纤维复合材料在这样碰撞过程中会断成两半。因此，需要一种改进的复合材料I形梁，其在高速车辆事故过程中保持完整。
发明内容
提供了一种I形梁组件，包括通过垂直腹板接合的顶部凸缘和底部凸缘。在所述的顶部凸缘和底部凸缘上有包覆成型的加强外皮。顶部凸缘和底部凸缘以及腹板都是由相同的热塑性聚合物材料或热固性聚合物材料制成。本文可用的聚合物材料包括聚丙烯、尼龙、环氧树脂、聚酯或乙烯基酯材料。
附图说明
图1A是根据本发明实施例的I形梁复合结构的侧透视图，该I形梁复合结构具有在I形梁拉伸和压缩侧的连续纤维外皮和应用在连续纤维外皮上包覆成型上的包覆成型的短纤维材料；
图1B是根据本发明实施例的沿着图1A的线A-A的截面图；
图2是根据本发明实施例的设计为碰撞时偏转和吸收动能的弧形I形梁的侧视图。
具体实施方式
本发明具有作为改进的复合I形梁结构的实用性，所述的复合I形梁结构具有在I形梁拉伸和压缩侧的连续的纤维加强外皮和应用在连续纤维外皮上的包覆成型的短纤维材料，用于改善I形梁的结构完整性。本发明I形梁复合结构的实施例由热塑性聚合物组成，包括聚丙烯、尼龙等；由热固性聚合物组成，例如环氧树脂、聚酯或乙烯基酯材料；也可以由热固性树脂组成。本发明I形梁的实施例的凸缘、腹板、肋状物都充满了短切纤维，例如玻璃纤维、碳纤维或其他合成纤维，也可以是天然纤维。天然纤维可以包括椰子纤维、竹纤维、甘蔗纤维或香蕉皮纤维等。在本发明I形梁的这些实施例中，腹板也可以由连续纤维制成。本发明I形梁的实施例的肋状物连接腹板和凸缘，并且可以以各种形式存在，例如交叉。本发明I形梁的实施例利用注射成型制成；然而，可以预料的是也可以采用压缩成型、树脂传递成型或者其他工艺。本发明I形梁的应用的非限制性示例包括保险杠系统和侧面碰撞入侵梁。
应用在凸缘上的连续纤维加强外皮可以具有单向纤维、双轴纤维和编织纤维，或由纤维类型的不同组合组成的层压材料组成。在某些实施例中，加强的I形梁凸缘是具有预浸料复合材料。预浸料，当应用于热塑性树脂格式时也称为有机片材，定义为预浸渍有热塑性或热固性树脂的连续的带式单向纤维或双轴纤维或者编织纤维。热塑性版本可以加热至软化，然后放置模具中，在模具中成型并在选定的区域利用附加的树脂包覆成型以添加肋状物、附着点等。预浸料通常形成在板或卷中充分浸渍热塑性或热固性树脂的单独层。压层材料通常是多层纤维基材，例如利用热塑性或热固性树脂接合在一起的预浸料或有机片材。在一些实施例中，预浸料包括加强纤维，加强纤维包括碳纤维或玻璃纤维。示例性的热塑性预浸料的基质包括聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚醚酮酮(PEKK)、聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚酰胺(尼龙)、聚丙烯(PP)，它们的组合和它们的共聚物。示例性的热固性预浸料的基质包括环氧树脂、聚酯(PE)和乙烯基酯(VE)。
现在参照各附图，图1A是根据本发明的一个实施例的I形梁10复合结构的侧面透视图，该I形梁10复合结构具有腹板12和应用在I形梁10的凸缘的拉伸侧14和压缩侧16上的连续纤维外皮20和22，并且具有应用在连续纤维外皮上的短纤维包覆成型24。不同类型的肋状物18，包括所示的交叉样式，提供抵抗扭转负荷。图1B是图1A沿线A-A的横截面。
图2显示了一个本发明I形梁30的实施例，I形梁30具有朝腹板12’和凸缘14’和16’的微小弯曲，设计用于通过暂时变形或偏转吸收动能以减小车辆在低速碰撞中的损坏。
上述描述是本发明的具体实施方案的解释，但并不意味着对其实践的限制。权利要求，包括所有的它们的等效物，用于限定本发明的范围。

Claims (16)

1.一种I形梁组件，所述的组件包括：
由垂直腹板接合的顶部凸缘和底部凸缘；
包覆成型在所述的顶部凸缘和底部凸缘上的加强外皮；和
其中所述顶部凸缘、底部凸缘和所述腹板都是由相同的热塑性聚合物材料或热固性聚合物材料制成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组件，其中所述热塑性聚合物是聚丙烯或尼龙材料中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的组件，其中所述热固性聚合物材料是环氧树脂、聚酯、乙烯基酯材料中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的组件，其中所述聚合物进一步包括短切纤维。
5.根据权利要求3所述的组件，其中所述短切纤维是玻璃纤维、碳纤维或其他合成纤维中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求3所述的组件，其中所述短切纤维是天然纤维。
7.根据权利要求5所述的组件，其中所述天然纤维是椰子纤维、竹纤维、甘蔗纤维或香蕉皮纤维中的至少一种。
8.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的组件，其中所述加强外皮具有单向纤维。
9.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的组件，其中所述加强外皮具有双轴纤维。
10.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的组件，其中所述加强外皮具有编织纤维。
11.根据权利要求1所述的组件，其中所述加强外皮是层压材料。
12.根据权利要求11所述的组件，其中所述层压材料是单向纤维、双轴纤维和编织纤维的组合。
13.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的组件，进一步包括包覆成型的预浸复合材料或有机片材复合材料。
14.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的组件，加强外皮利用短纤维材料包覆成型。
15.根据权利要求1所述的组件，其中所述I形梁进一步包括不同形式的一系列肋状物，肋状物从所述腹板延伸到所述顶部凸缘和底部凸缘。
16.根据权利要求15所述的组件，其中所述一系列肋状物由浸渍有短切纤维的热塑性聚合物材料或者热固性树脂制成。
CN201480072810.6A 2013-12-10 2014-12-10 具有加强外皮的i形梁 Pending CN106103203A (zh)

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JP2019524546A (ja) * 2016-08-05 2019-09-05 サビック グローバル テクノロジーズ ビー．ブイ． 歩行者保護装置および関連する方法
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