CN106089545A - Outer nozzle mouth device and application process are changed in the increasing of impulse turbine Optimum Hydraulic Design - Google Patents
Outer nozzle mouth device and application process are changed in the increasing of impulse turbine Optimum Hydraulic Design Download PDFInfo
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- CN106089545A CN106089545A CN201610705907.7A CN201610705907A CN106089545A CN 106089545 A CN106089545 A CN 106089545A CN 201610705907 A CN201610705907 A CN 201610705907A CN 106089545 A CN106089545 A CN 106089545A
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- outer nozzle
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000000476 body water Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B1/00—Engines of impulse type, i.e. turbines with jets of high-velocity liquid impinging on blades or like rotors, e.g. Pelton wheels; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B1/04—Nozzles; Nozzle-carrying members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2230/00—Manufacture
- F05B2230/80—Repairing, retrofitting or upgrading methods
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
Outer nozzle mouth device and application process are changed in impulse turbine Optimum Hydraulic Design, increasing, are characterized in combining with technology and management, Energy Conservation benefit.Feature is pioneering two interior cone angles of jet hole, two (inside and outside) jet holes.Solving intrinsic two jet area VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION uneven, average speed declines, inefficient problem.1. fluid accelerates substantially there is local head loss at reducing pipe.Convection cell collides cone angle in nozzle needle and jet hole and joins district, and it is to reduce the main cause of water machine efficiency that the rapidly avried flow of formation does not changes into slowly variable flow.2. nozzle needle subtracts flow to the displacement of Guan Shui direction, and convection cell increases resistance, makes the minimizing of jet area mainstream speed bundle, the uneven state of VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of secondary Flow Velocity Shu Zengjia, causes the loss of flood peak.Reduce resistance to displacement, water machine efficiency can be increased.Overall efficiency about 16% is improved by two schemes.1. after water guide component optimizes, improve about 10%.2. run the generating of operation different inner diameters outer nozzle mouth and improve about 6% again.
Description
Technical field
This technology, with hydraulic, hydrodynamics Professional knowledge, is applied on impulse turbine waterpower core position.
Two, background technology
Hydroelectric generation is that the position with certain mass water, potential energy are transformed into kinetic energy, acts on and is changed into machinery on rotary wheel of water turbine
Can, runner output mechanical energy to electromotor is changed into the energy conversion process form of electric energy.
Impulse turbine (impact, tiltedly hit, double-click three kinds of types) is with the fluid in waterpower core nozzle body, after acceleration
Jet is kinetic energy, and impact runner translating rotation is mechanical energy.A cone nozzle needle and an only one of which is had in one nozzle body
The water guide component of interior angle inner cone jet hole composition, nozzle needle is joined in being arranged on jet hole, forms a conical ring.Fluid is in nozzle
Speed-raising, rushes at jet hole conical ring process and continues to accelerate backlash to runner work done.Needle position increases to nozzle intrinsic displacement flow
Opening, be reduced to close to jet hole outer displacement flow, nozzle needle contact nozzle prostomum surface current amount is zero, and the hydraulic turbine stops doing power.
The velocity variations that jet exports at jet hole, the instantaneous steady flow of concentrated expression moving under corresponding working head speed
Can mass change.Jet declines because local head loss affects speed, and the quality of kinetic energy also declines, and causes efficiency to decline.Different
Working head, effluxvelocity is significantly different, square being directly proportional of the kinetic energy of jet and flow velocity.
Three, the common trait of original design two defect performances is: the jet area VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of delivery nozzle mouth is non-homogeneous penetrating
Going out, average speed is to decline, and causes local head loss.Waterpower core design and operation operational design are not optimum.
Accelerate in terms of form from fluid through water distributor, the design of tapered tubular type, fluid collides jet hole, nozzle needle joins district,
Exist for local head loss.Jet collides cone angle in upstream face jet hole, nozzle needle joins district, is at a square resistance area, penetrates
The energy conversion loss of stream is directly proportional to velocity squared.Jet is rapidly avried flow at acceleration region, its cross section VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION be non-all
Even state, ineffective to rapidly avried flow conversion, make energy conversion have loss, efficiency to decline.
It is by fall effluxvelocity that load down subtracts flow operation nozzle needle, reaches to subtract rear flow with former metered flow by same cross section
Jet hole internal diameter, balance method identical within the unit interval.Nozzle needle, to closing direction displacement, is the nozzle needle manufacture resistance to jet
Power, stop portions position, potential energy transmit in jet body, make mainstream speed area minimizing in jet area, and secondary Flow Velocity area increases
Adding, cross section VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION is heterogeneous state, and nozzle needle causes the loss of flood peak to the displacement of Guan Shui direction.
Four, the concrete scheme invented and content:
One) concrete scheme: former impact type waterpower core component is existed and affects efficiency and two defect solutions of operation minimizing generated energy
Policy certainly is: Optimum Hydraulic core component designs；Reduce nozzle needle to Guan Shui direction shift length.Reach to keep working head to penetrate
Flow Velocity is evenly distributed, and recovers to answer effective percentage.Detail scheme is:
1. the most in advance jet body is accelerated, reduce the energy conversion loss of region of quadratic resistance law.Reply is nozzle water side interior angle
Reduce, suitably shorten nozzle length (changing outer nozzle mouth machinery for technological transformation).
To nozzle needle dilated diameter, increase guide flow cross section, reduce the conical surface that jet hole is met water and collide.
Jet hole changes two interior cone angles into: increases little interior cone angle rapidly avried flow after accelerating and is transformed into slowly variable flow district
Territory, in two differences, cone angle disjunctor is fixed on nozzle use；Or it is divided into two inner and outer nozzles mouths uses.
Jet hole is divided into two: contacts internal diameter with nozzle needle and stays in nozzle, or is fixed on outside nozzle outlet end face as interior spray
Mouthpiece；Another outer nozzle mouth (being combined by multiple different inner diameters) is connected and replaceable with inner nozzle mouth.Inner and outer nozzles screw thread is even
Connecing and change for manual, the combination of multiple outer nozzles is changed for machinery in being fixed on rotating disk.Outer nozzle mouth internal diameter determines according to required inflow-rate of water turbine.
Change different inner diameters outer nozzle mouth and can change single at machine upper cover perforate hands；Or multiple different inner diameters outer nozzle mouth installs
In rotating disk, changed by machinery.Device completes in terrestrial operation for 10 minutes, can manually, electrically, be automatically brought into operation.
Two), particular content: 1. optimization water guide component specific design requirement (because water acc power and producer manufacture not of uniform size,
For this, design parameter is proposed), it is mainly reflected in jet acceleration, water conservancy diversion, increase slowly variable flow provincial characteristics: at jet hole with two
In different, cone angles reflect two regions, and design with inside and outside two jet holes, operate changing different inner diameters outer nozzle mouth mode,
Keep the working head speed (have adjustment to original design, but do not conflict with specification) of jet.
Water guide component optimization design scope and explanation (table one)
2. pair multiinjector mouth type and inadaptable change the old machine of outer nozzle mouth, with cone angle one in two, fixes a jet hole and uses.
Old machine technological transformation or jet hole external water machine can be made up of 2 jet holes, single with the fastest quick change, or with whole
Set different inner diameters outer nozzle mouth device changes outer nozzle mouth.
(1) hands changes outer nozzle mouth: technological transformation old water machine can (this device be pressed by " particular content the 1st point " design at water machine support
Coordinate, installation needs to be divided into two.One contacts in internal diameter is fixed on nozzle body with nozzle needle is inner nozzle mouth, another outer nozzle
Mouthful optional required single more changing device of jet diameter) upper cover reinforce after perforate or install replacing in machine hole.(2) outer nozzle mouth
With inner nozzle mouth with threadeding, sealing and locking device is had to design.(3) drawing number 3 is shown in by concrete cooperation profile drawing, numbering
34-36.Former jet deflector (removal of load flow diverter) should suitably change size, it is impossible to jet is had stop.
Change outer nozzle mouth machinery and using method length after size after the optimization of inner nozzle mouth to be needed by cooperation, installation
Wanting, be fixed in nozzle body, the machinery that the combination of multiple optional jet different inner diameters outer nozzle mouths is fixed in rotating disk is more
Change.Removal of load flow diverter needs to change position, specifically sees Fig. 4 numbering 42.
Five. totally describe,
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
Outer nozzle mouth device is changed in impulse turbine Optimum Hydraulic Design, increasing, it is characterized in that, leads in Optimum Hydraulic core nozzle body
Water scantling, meets jet speed-raising, water conservancy diversion, acceleration, it is ensured that jet area is uniform with the cross section VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION subtracting rear flow, protects
Hold the kinetic energy efficiency in former working head speed.Pioneering with one jet hole of cone angle composition in two differences, or be divided in two,
Outward (interchangeable different inner diameters) jet hole combination, solve former 2 fall effluxvelocities, inefficient problem, including:
One), main member is installed and is described:
Water guide scantling to nozzle body assembly optimizes, forms the single-nozzle mouth of two interior angles；Or fixing inner nozzle mouth, outward
Side is changed single with multiple different inner diameters outer nozzle mouths are manual, or is combined into mechanical system device and changes.
Change outer nozzle mouth single assembly with hands and optimizing outside the nozzle outlet end face after nozzle, nozzle needle, and fix
Inner nozzle mouth connects；Change multiple different inner diameters outer nozzle mouth machinery, in the nozzle body both ends of the surface of support side, have three axles
Having for fixing and transmission and combine the rotating disk that multiple outer nozzle mouths are fixing, wherein an axle has turntable rotation indexing function concurrently.Three
Axle is connected with rotating disk, and extended support outer end has screw thread solid for loosening, tighten, and wherein an axle is used for rotary index equipped with gear；
Available manual and connection motor electrically operates；
Nozzle: water end face has three engaging lugs, changes outer nozzle mouth rotating disk for three axles linear motion, fixing, transmission；Water outlet
Mouth end face is installed and is connected fixed plate, accepts the disk operation equipped with multiple outer nozzle mouths；
Nozzle, nozzle needle, jet hole, fixed connecting plate, rotating disk, be articulated in support, outside the acting transmission of jet impulse runner
Electrical power generators；
Nozzle body assembly, is water guide component, and this water guide component is positioned at the side of hydraulic turbine water, and with the runner water in the hydraulic turbine
Bucket radial direction or 22 ° of 30 ' correspondence；
Two), component optimized dimensions and different assembly describe:
Nozzle has three engaging lugs carrying out water end (W.E.), is the basal plane of operation outside three axles connect；The former interior cone angle ratio of nozzle water outlet end
The former 3-8 degree that subtracts is accelerated for speed-raising；Length subtracts 3-5 centimetre with fixed connecting plate；
Nozzle needle, increases water conservancy diversion area, and its cone angle is than original design increasing 10-15 degree, and jet diameter is bigger than maximum spout mouthpiece internal diameter cone
0.5-1 jet diameter；
Jet hole: optimizing design size and three kinds of usings method, purpose guarantees the working head speed of jet.Optimize and design: two
Individual interior cone angle forms, many slowly variable flow regions.Inner cone diameter at butt end, than designing little 5-15%, is joined nozzle interior angle and is changed little；Big inner cone
Within 0.5-15 bigger than the nozzle needle degree of angle；Little interior cone angle, with needs jet diameter, constitutes cone angle 0.5-10 degree to inflow direction；Auger
Angle and small-angle length ratio are 1:0.5-2.2；
Three kinds of jet holes combine, usings method: 1. the method that type is multiinjector mouth or a jet hole is fixed in use, with two
Cone angle disjunctor uses.2. disjunctor jet hole is divided into inner and outer nozzles mouth.It is interior contacting with nozzle needle in internal diameter is placed on auger interior angle
Jet hole, and be arranged in nozzle.Outer nozzle mouth has female thread to connect inner nozzle mouth and locking device, in water machine upper cover perforate position
Outer nozzle mouth is changed with hands.3. inner nozzle mouth is fixed in nozzle, multiple different inner diameters outer nozzle mouths is fixed in rotating disk, outer spray
Mouthpiece internal diameter docks with the external diameter of inner nozzle mouth, is changed the outer nozzle mouth of needs by operation device.
After jet hole optimized dimensions, because of increase slowly variable flow region, whole jet hole lengthens, need to adjust watershed size or
Change installation site.
Rotating disk, is articulated on the fixed connecting plate of support and nozzle face by three axles, and rotating disk is built with multiple different mouths
The outer nozzle mouth in footpath, one of them is solid after butting up against inner nozzle mouth center respectively to select different inner diameters outer nozzle mouth during work
Fixed, it is used to keep jet should have working head speed；
Three), change outer nozzle mouth machinery using method to describe:
Axially displacement adjusting part, is used for driving turntable shaft to linear reciprocating motion, does inner and outer nozzles mouth and separate, combine, fix
Work, including the first adjusting means, the second adjusting means, the 3rd adjusting means；
Electric rotating machine, provides for rotating disk and changes different bore outer nozzle mouth, and rinse the rotation of fixed connecting plate and rotating disk veneer water
Rotatory force and indexing work；
Lock assembly, for fixing the anglec of rotation that rotating disk adjustment is good, facilitates axial displacement, adjusting part driving rotating disk to do and overlap
Connect or leave the linear reciprocating motion of inner nozzle mouth.
Preferably, two-stage difference interior angle jet hole is installed in this nozzle assembly, than cone angle gradual in former increase one-level
Stream region；And it is single to can use hands to change in multiple different inner diameters outer nozzle mouths, or select with being fixed on multiple outer nozzle mouths on rotating disk
Good machinery changes.The multiple different inner diameters of outer mouthpiece forms, and can single manual replacing or machinery replacing.
Preferably, described inside and outside two nozzle body assembly lists set is installed.Or multiple outer nozzle mouth is fixed on rotating disk by one
Fixed connecting plate, outside the nozzle body water outlet end face being installed in support.
Preferably, the first adjusting means, the second adjusting means, the 3rd adjusting means all include motor, leading screw, leading screw spiral shell
Female, pressing plate, can be used for manual operation, it is also possible to electrically operate.Described motor is used for providing power, described feed screw nut to be connected to
On the clutch end of motor, described feed screw nut is installed on pressing plate, and this pressing plate is used for axial reciprocating linear drives rotating disk.
Preferably, this lock assembly includes that the first locking system and the second locking system can be with manual and electric operatings.
Preferably, this impulse water turbine changes outer nozzle mouth water-saving and synergistic device and is additionally provided with electric control gear, this electric control gear
Equal with electric rotating machine, the first adjusting means, the second adjusting means, the 3rd adjusting means, the first locking system, the second locking system
Both can be manual, it is possible to be electrically connected with.
Impulse turbine Optimum Hydraulic Design increases the application process changing outer nozzle mouth device, it is characterised in that outside difference
Jet hole is replaceable, comprises the following steps successively:
Flow is delivered to nozzle body assembly through aqueduct by S1: working head, and the nozzle of this nozzle body assembly is positioned at the side of the hydraulic turbine
Side, on the bucket of the flow directive hydraulic turbine, promotes the hydraulic turbine to rotate；When needing load down, now handle original electric control gear and send out
Go out and instruct P1, or manual actuation nozzle needle closes water retention machine；
S2: electric control gear sends instruction P21, after rotating disk outer nozzle mouth leaves former inner nozzle mouth, releases lock assembly to rotating disk
Limit, send instruction P22 the most again and drive rotating disk to rotate, according to load shedding needs, select wherein outer nozzle mouth and an inner nozzle
Mouthful end correspondence connects, owing to the plurality of outer nozzle mouth bore is different, therefore electric control gear can instruct be best suitable for currently dropping negative
The outer nozzle mouth of lotus uses；
S3: when rotating disk turns to the position of inner and outer nozzles mouth center superposition, electric control gear sends instruction P31, stops driving and turns
Dish；Electric control gear sends instruction P32, recovers lock assembly and limits the spline of rotating disk；Last electric control gear sends instruction P33,
Rotating disk is driven to be adjacent on fixed connecting plate face so that outer nozzle muzzle, pressure inner nozzle mouth external diameter and end face；
S4: use another outer nozzle mouth to use if needing to adjust, then perform S2, S3.
Preferably, step S1 also includes sub-step S11: when needing load down, is sending the former electric control gear before P1 instruction
First send instruction P11 and close water shutdown voluntarily.
Preferably, step S2 also includes sub-step S21: sends instruction P21 at electric control gear and sends electricity between instruction P22
Control unit sends instruction P211, drives rotating disk to leave inner nozzle mouth.
Compared with the prior art, its efficiency seems higher to the present invention.The feature of the present invention combines to joint with technology and management
Benefit can be wanted.The feature of invention is: pioneering Optimum Hydraulic core design: 1. join jet hole together with cone angle in jet hole two；
2. a jet hole being divided into two grades, one-level inner nozzle mouth is stayed or is fixed in nozzle.The second level is to change by hands；Or it is multiple
The device that different inner diameters outer nozzle mouth is fixed in rotating disk, changes with mechanical type.The purpose of the present invention solves former waterpower core
Design and operation imperfection cause the non-homogeneous form of jet area VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION, cause jet average speed to decline, water machine efficiency
The highest problem.Two schemes can improve aggregate efficiency about 16% through practice: reaching about 95% with 1 scheme water machine efficiency, ratio is existing
About 85% water machine efficiency is high by about 10%；Generating efficiency 6-8% can be improved again by the 2nd scheme.Visible present configuration is simple, from
In theory and practice feasible, nearly 3.5 ten thousand impulse turbines being currently in use the whole nation are transformed and new during 13, five
Machine is designed with positive effect.
Reference
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the cross section view at Fig. 1 P-P；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that one hand changes jet hole assembly；
Fig. 4 is the matching relationship schematic diagram of two locking bar assemblies and rotating disk；
Wherein, 10, support；11, electric cabinet；20, rotating shaft；22, the first adjusting means；23, the second adjusting means；24, the 3rd adjust
Joint device；25, rotating disk；26, band gear electric rotating machine；27, driven gear；28, nozzle needle；30, fixed connecting plate；31, dress is rinsed
Put；33, nozzle；34, inner nozzle mouth；35, outer spout；36, check bolt；40, the first positioner；41, the second location dress
Put；42, flow diverter.
Six, detailed description of the invention
As Figure 1-Figure 4, outer nozzle mouth device is changed in impulse turbine Optimum Hydraulic Design, increasing, it is characterized in that, Optimum Hydraulic
Water guide scantling in core nozzle body, meets jet speed-raising, water conservancy diversion, acceleration, it is ensured that jet area and the cross section subtracting rear flow
Velocity flow profile is uniform, and the kinetic energy efficiency in former working head speed.Pioneering with one jet hole of cone angle composition in two differences；
Or it is divided into two inside and outside (interchangeable different inner diameters) jet hole combinations, solve former 2 fall inefficient problems of effluxvelocity, including:
One), main member is installed and is described:
Water guide scantling to nozzle body assembly optimizes, forms the single-nozzle mouth of two interior angles；Or fixing inner nozzle mouth, outward
Side is changed single with multiple different inner diameters outer nozzle mouths are manual, or is combined into mechanical system device and changes.
Change outer nozzle mouth single assembly with hands and optimizing outside the nozzle outlet end face after nozzle, nozzle needle, and fix
Inner nozzle mouth connects；Change multiple different inner diameters outer nozzle mouth machinery, in the nozzle body both ends of the surface of support side, have three axles
Having for fixing and transmission and combine the rotating disk that multiple outer nozzle mouths are fixing, wherein an axle has turntable rotation indexing function concurrently.Three
Axle is connected with rotating disk, and stretches out support outer end and have screw thread solid for loosening, tighten, wherein an axle equipped with gear for rotary index；Can
With manually electrically operating with connection motor；
Nozzle: water end face has three engaging lugs, changes outer nozzle mouth rotating disk for three axles linear motion, fixing, transmission；Water outlet
Mouth end face is installed and is connected fixed plate, accepts the disk operation equipped with multiple outer nozzle mouths；
Nozzle, nozzle needle, jet hole, fixed connecting plate, rotating disk, be articulated in support, outside the acting transmission of jet impulse runner
Electrical power generators；
Nozzle body assembly, is water guide component, and this water guide component is positioned at the side of hydraulic turbine water, and with the runner water in the hydraulic turbine
Bucket radial direction or 22 ° of 30 ' correspondence；
Two), component optimized dimensions and different assembly describe:
Nozzle has three engaging lugs carrying out water end (W.E.), is the basal plane of operation outside three axles connect；The former interior cone angle ratio of nozzle water outlet end
The former 3-8 degree that subtracts is accelerated for speed-raising；Length subtracts 3-5 centimetre with fixed connecting plate；
Nozzle needle, increases water conservancy diversion area, and its cone angle is than original design increasing 10-15 degree, and jet diameter is bigger than maximum spout mouthpiece internal diameter
0.5-1 jet diameter；
Jet hole: optimizing design size and three kinds of usings method, purpose guarantees the working head speed of jet.Optimize and design: two
Individual interior cone angle forms, many slowly variable flow regions.Inner cone diameter at butt end, than designing little 5-15%, is joined nozzle interior angle and is changed little；Big inner cone
Within 0.5-15 bigger than the nozzle needle degree of angle；Little interior cone angle, with needs jet diameter, constitutes cone angle 0.5-10 degree to inflow direction；Auger
Angle and small-angle length ratio are 1:0.5-2.2.
Three kinds of jet holes combine, usings method: 1. the method that type is multiinjector mouth or a jet hole is fixed in use, with
Two cone angle disjunctors use.2. disjunctor jet hole is divided into inner and outer nozzles mouth.It is placed in auger interior angle contacting internal diameter with nozzle needle
For inner nozzle mouth, and it is arranged in nozzle.Outer nozzle mouth has female thread to connect inner nozzle mouth and locking device, opens at water machine upper cover
Kong Weiyong hands changes outer nozzle mouth.3. inner nozzle mouth is fixed in nozzle, and multiple different inner diameters outer nozzle mouths are fixed in rotating disk,
Outer nozzle mouth internal diameter docks with the external diameter of inner nozzle mouth, is changed the outer nozzle mouth of needs by operation device.
After jet hole optimized dimensions, because of increase slowly variable flow region, whole jet hole lengthens, need to adjust watershed size or
Change installation site.
Rotating disk, is articulated on the fixed connecting plate of support and nozzle face by three axles, and rotating disk is built with multiple different mouths
The outer nozzle mouth in footpath, one of them is solid after butting up against inner nozzle mouth center respectively to select different inner diameters outer nozzle mouth during work
Fixed, it is used to keep jet should have working head speed；
Three), change outer nozzle mouth machinery using method to describe:
Axially displacement adjusting part, is used for driving turntable shaft to linear reciprocating motion, does inner and outer nozzles mouth and separate, combine, fix
Work, including the first adjusting means, the second adjusting means, the 3rd adjusting means；
Electric rotating machine, provides for rotating disk and changes different bore outer nozzle mouth, and rinse the rotation of fixed connecting plate and rotating disk veneer water
Rotatory force and indexing work；
Lock assembly, for fixing the anglec of rotation that rotating disk adjustment is good, facilitates axial displacement, adjusting part driving rotating disk to do and overlap
Connect or leave the linear reciprocating motion of inner nozzle mouth.
Preferably, two-stage difference interior angle jet hole is installed in this nozzle assembly, than cone angle gradual in former increase one-level
Stream region；And it is single to can use hands to change in multiple different inner diameters outer nozzle mouths, select with the multiple outer nozzle mouths being fixed on rotating disk
Good machinery changes.The multiple different inner diameters of outer mouthpiece forms, and can single manual replacing or machinery replacing.
Preferably, described inside and outside two nozzle body assembly lists set is installed.Or multiple outer nozzle mouth is fixed on rotating disk by one
Fixed connecting plate, on the nozzle body water outlet end face being installed in support.
Preferably, the first adjusting means, the second adjusting means, the 3rd adjusting means all include motor, leading screw, leading screw spiral shell
Female, pressing plate, can be used for manual operation, it is also possible to electrically operate.Described motor is used for providing power, described feed screw nut to be connected to
On the clutch end of motor, described feed screw nut is installed on pressing plate, and this pressing plate drives rotating disk for axial reciprocating.
Preferably, this lock assembly includes that the first locking system and the second locking system can be with manual and electric operatings.
Preferably, this impulse water turbine changes outer nozzle mouth water-saving and synergistic device and is additionally provided with electric control gear, this electric control gear
Equal with electric rotating machine, the first adjusting means, the second adjusting means, the 3rd adjusting means, the first locking system, the second locking system
Both can be manual, it is possible to be electrically connected with.
Impulse turbine Optimum Hydraulic Design increases the application process changing outer nozzle mouth device, it is characterised in that outside difference
Jet hole is replaceable, comprises the following steps successively:
Flow is delivered to nozzle body assembly through aqueduct by S1: working head, and the nozzle of this nozzle body assembly is positioned at the side of the hydraulic turbine
Side, on the bucket of the flow directive hydraulic turbine, promotes the hydraulic turbine to rotate；When needing load down, now handle original electric control gear and send out
Go out and instruct P1, or manual actuation nozzle needle closes water retention machine；
S2: electric control gear sends instruction P21, after rotating disk outer nozzle mouth leaves former inner nozzle mouth, releases lock assembly to rotating disk
Limit, send instruction P22 the most again and drive rotating disk to rotate, according to load shedding needs, select wherein outer nozzle mouth and an inner nozzle
Mouthful end correspondence connects, owing to the plurality of outer nozzle mouth bore is different, therefore electric control gear can instruct be best suitable for currently dropping negative
The outer nozzle mouth of lotus uses；
S3: when rotating disk turns to the position of inner and outer nozzles mouth center superposition, electric control gear sends instruction P31, stops driving and turns
Dish；Electric control gear sends instruction P32, recovers lock assembly and limits the spline of rotating disk；Last electric control gear sends instruction P33,
Rotating disk is driven to be adjacent on fixed connecting plate face so that outer nozzle muzzle, pressure inner nozzle mouth external diameter and end face；
S4: use another outer nozzle mouth to use if needing to adjust, then perform S2, S3.
Preferably, step S1 also includes sub-step S11: when needing load down, is sending the electric control gear before P1 instruction first
Send instruction P11 and close water shutdown voluntarily.
Preferably, step S2 also includes sub-step S21: sends instruction P21 at electric control gear and sends electricity between instruction P22
Control unit sends instruction P211, drives rotating disk to leave inner nozzle mouth.
Seven, the benefit comparison after scheme is implemented:
This impulse turbine optimization designs, and sets up and changes outer nozzle mouth device and application process efficiency compared with prior art carries
High situation:
This technology is impulse turbine technological break-through and progress.It it is the solution to original design two defect problems.This technology also falls
On the tangible hydraulic turbine, water machine aggregate efficiency improves about 16%.Wherein Optimum Hydraulic core design behind efficiency can compare mesh about 95%
Front product efficiency level universal less than 85%, improves about 10%；Change outer nozzle mouth by installation and run operation, generated energy is improved
More than 6% (completely send out in 1 year or account for about the 40% of total electricity close to full generated energy, just maximum negative to there being the non-overflow of storage capacity to use
Lotus generating is also to have pipe to damage, and at this moment selects less than peak load 0.5-1 jet diameter outer nozzle mouth generating optimum).
One) waterpower core optimization behind efficiency lifts 2 examples.Because worry technology is tampered, only implement in two power stations, can arrive existing at any time
Field is identified.1. having 4 Ganzhou and produce XJA-501*13 to 12.5 turbine-generator units power station, wherein 3 sets join 630kw, rotating speed
1000 electromotors, change rear nozzle mouth outlet diameter 154 ± 0.2；500kw rotating speed 1000 electromotor joined by 1 set.142 meters of water when stopping paying out
Head, changes rear nozzle mouth outlet diameter 146.5 ± 0.2.740kw sent out by bill machine, and 4 machines are the most completely sent out, and working head is 130 meters
(0.25 precision pressure table is surveyed), generating in 24 hours, high pressure measurement (not adding minimum 2% electricity of transformer loss) reflection generated energy
It it is about 60500 degree.Measuring on June 12nd, 2016 and have 2 units at control panel power electric meter, reflection real-time power is 680Kw
(current level of efficiency is below 600kw).2. have 3 set Shaoyang and produce CJA237-W-70/1*7 generating set power station, join
500kw rotating speed 1000 electromotor, changes rear nozzle mouth water outlet internal diameter 86.5 ± 0.2, and shutdown is 270 meters of heads, and 640 kw sent out by unit,
Working head 250 meters (0.25 precision pressure table) the most completely sent out by three machines, the reflection of each machine control panel power electric meter is 540,550,
The current level of efficiency of 570kw(is below 500kw).
Illustrate: two power stations have been run more than 12 years, do not change runner.Wherein shock machine runner is because more than water channel digging ore deposit, sand
On the high side, runner has the most worn out point of water sword of blade, and locals welded and do not polishes.After two power station technological transformation, former water channel is not increased, and flow is not
Increase.
Two) outer nozzle mouth device is changed in two kinds of increases: hands changing device has been carried out, and its efficiency comparative is often by maximum spout mouthpiece
Fall 100Kw, can generate electricity 6-8% with changing little one-level outer nozzle mouth more；The whole series change outer nozzle mouth machinery, principle, structure, transmission
Out of question.
Three) 4.7 ten thousand rural small hydropower are reflected with Ministry of Water Resources and Power Industry in 2014 in the whole nation, and technological transformation impulse turbine has closely
3.5 ten thousand, minimum after changing increase income 1,000,000,000 yuan, be used on machine and cover perforate to change outer nozzle mouth method 1.5 years recoverable
Investment.Calculating formula is 47000(seat) * 0.333(impact type accounting example) * 2.2 (average number of units) * 250kw (mean power) *
3000(utilizes hour) * 0.16(amplification) * 0.25 yuan of (rate for incorporation into the power network)=10.33 hundred million yuan.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that can technical scheme as described above and design, make other various
Corresponding change and deformation, and all these change and deformation all should belong to the protection domain of the claims in the present invention
Within.
Claims (9)
1. outer nozzle mouth device is changed in impulse turbine Optimum Hydraulic Design, increasing, it is characterized in that, in Optimum Hydraulic core nozzle body
Water guide scantling, meets jet speed-raising, water conservancy diversion, acceleration, it is ensured that jet area and the cross sectional flow rate subtracting rear flow are evenly distributed,
With the kinetic energy efficiency in former working head speed；Pioneering with one jet hole of cone angle composition in two differences, increase slowly variable flow district
Territory；Or it is divided into two inside and outside (interchangeable different inner diameters) jet hole combinations, solve former 2 falls effluxvelocity, inefficient problems,
Including:
One, main member is installed and is described:
Water guide component design optimization, the single-nozzle mouth of two interior angles of composition to nozzle body assembly；Or fixing inner nozzle mouth, outward
Side is changed single with multiple different inner diameters outer nozzle mouths are manual, or is combined into mechanical system device and changes；
Change outside outer nozzle mouth single assembly nozzle outlet end face after optimizing nozzle, nozzle needle with hands, with the interior spray fixed
Mouthpiece connects；Change multiple different inner diameters outer nozzle mouth machinery, in the nozzle body both ends of the surface of support side, have three axles for
Fixing and transmission has combines the rotating disk that multiple outer nozzle mouths are fixing, and wherein an axle has turntable rotation indexing function concurrently；Three axles with
Rotating disk connects, and extended support outer end has screw thread solid for loosening, tighten, and wherein an axle is used for rotary index equipped with gear；Available
Manually electrically operate with connection motor；
Nozzle: water end face has three engaging lugs, changes the operation of outer nozzle mouth rotating disk for three axles linear motion, fixing, transmission
Basal plane；Outlet end face is installed and is connected fixed plate, accepts the disk operation equipped with multiple outer nozzle mouths；
Nozzle, nozzle needle, jet hole, fixed connecting plate, rotating disk, be articulated in support, outside the acting transmission of jet impulse runner
Electrical power generators；
Nozzle body assembly is water guide component, and this water guide component is positioned at the side of hydraulic turbine water, and with the runner water in the hydraulic turbine
Bucket radial direction or 22 ° of 30 ' correspondence；
Two, component optimized dimensions and different assembly describe:
Nozzle has three engaging lugs carrying out water end (W.E.), is the basal plane of operation outside three axles connect；The former interior cone angle ratio of nozzle water outlet end
The former 3-8 degree that subtracts is accelerated for speed-raising；Length subtracts 3-5 centimetre with fixed connecting plate；
Nozzle needle, increases water conservancy diversion area, and its cone angle is than original design increasing 10-15 degree, and jet diameter is bigger than maximum spout mouthpiece internal diameter
0.5-1 jet diameter；
Jet hole: optimizing design size and three kinds of usings method, purpose guarantees the working head speed of jet；Optimize and design: two
Individual interior cone angle forms, many slowly variable flow regions；Inner cone diameter at butt end, than designing little 5-15%, is joined nozzle interior angle and is changed little；Big inner cone
Angle 0.5-15 bigger than nozzle needle degree；Little interior cone angle, with needs jet diameter, constitutes cone angle 0.5-15 degree to inflow direction；Big cone angle with
Small-angle length ratio is 1:0.5-2.2；
Three kinds of jet holes combine, usings method: 1. the method that type is multiinjector mouth or a jet hole is fixed in use, with two
Cone angle disjunctor uses；2. disjunctor jet hole is divided into inner and outer nozzles mouth；It is interior contacting with nozzle needle in internal diameter is placed on auger interior angle
Jet hole, and be arranged in nozzle；Outer nozzle mouth has female thread to connect inner nozzle mouth and locking device；In water machine upper cover perforate position
Outer nozzle mouth is changed with hands；3. inner nozzle mouth is fixed in nozzle, multiple different inner diameters outer nozzle mouths is fixed in rotating disk, outer spray
Mouthpiece internal diameter docks with the external diameter of inner nozzle mouth, is changed the outer nozzle mouth of needs by operation device；
After jet hole optimized dimensions, because increasing slowly variable flow region, whole jet hole lengthens, need to adjust watershed size or change peace
Holding position；
Rotating disk, is articulated on the fixed connecting plate of support and nozzle face by three axles, and rotating disk is built with multiple different bores
Outer nozzle mouth, one of them is fixing after butting up against inner nozzle mouth center respectively to select different inner diameters outer nozzle mouth during work,
It is used to keep jet should have working head speed；
Three, change outer nozzle mouth machinery using method to describe:
Axially displacement adjusting part, is used for driving turntable shaft to linear reciprocating motion, does inner and outer nozzles mouth and separate, combine, fix
Work, including the first adjusting means, the second adjusting means, the 3rd adjusting means；
Electric rotating machine, provides for rotating disk and changes different bore outer nozzle mouth, and rinse the rotation of fixed connecting plate and rotating disk veneer water
Rotatory force and indexing work；
Lock assembly, for fixing the anglec of rotation that rotating disk adjustment is good, facilitates axial displacement, adjusting part driving rotating disk to do and overlap
Connect or leave the linear reciprocating motion of inner nozzle mouth.
2. outer nozzle mouth device is changed in impulse turbine Optimum Hydraulic Design increasing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this spray
Two-stage difference interior angle jet hole is installed, than the slowly variable flow region of cone angle in former increase one-level in nozzle assembly；And by multiple differences
It is single that internal diameter outer nozzle mouth can use hands to change；Choose machinery change with being fixed on multiple outer nozzle mouths on rotating disk；Outer mouthpiece is multiple not
Form with internal diameter, and can single manual replacing or machinery replacing.
3. outer nozzle mouth device is changed in impulse turbine Optimum Hydraulic Design increasing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described
Inside and outside two nozzle body assembly lists set is installed；Or multiple outer nozzle mouth is fixed on rotating disk by a fixed connecting plate, it is installed on machine
Outside nozzle body water outlet end face in Zuo.
4. outer nozzle mouth device is changed in impulse turbine Optimum Hydraulic Design increasing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, first
Adjusting means, the second adjusting means, the 3rd adjusting means all include motor, leading screw, feed screw nut, pressing plate, can be used for manually grasping
Make, it is also possible to electrically operate；Described motor is used for providing power, described feed screw nut to be connected on the clutch end of motor,
Described feed screw nut is installed on pressing plate, and this pressing plate drives rotating disk for axial reciprocating.
5. jet hole device is changed in impulse turbine Optimum Hydraulic Design increasing as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, this locking
Assembly includes that the first locking system and the second locking system can be with manual and electric operatings.
6. outer nozzle mouth device is changed in impulse turbine Optimum Hydraulic Design increasing as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, this punching
Turbine of striking waters changes outer nozzle mouth water-saving and synergistic device and is additionally provided with electric control gear, this electric control gear and electric rotating machine, the first regulation
Device, the second adjusting means, the 3rd adjusting means, the first locking system, the second locking system the most both can be manual, it is possible to electrically connect
Connect.
7. impulse turbine Optimum Hydraulic Design increases the application process changing outer nozzle mouth device, it is characterised in that different outer sprays
Mouthpiece is replaceable, comprises the following steps successively:
S1: working head is by flow in aqueduct delivers to nozzle body component, and the nozzle of this nozzle body assembly is positioned at the hydraulic turbine
Side, on the bucket of the flow directive hydraulic turbine, promotes the hydraulic turbine to rotate；When needing load down, now handle original electric control gear
Send instruction P1, or manual actuation nozzle needle closes water retention machine；
S2: electric control gear sends instruction P21, after the outer nozzle mouth of rotating disk leaves former inner nozzle mouth, releases lock assembly to rotating disk
Restriction, send instruction P22 the most again and drive rotating disk to rotate, according to load shedding needs, select wherein an outer nozzle mouth and interior spray
Mouthpiece end correspondence connects, and owing to the plurality of outer nozzle mouth bore is different, therefore electric control gear is best suitable for currently dropping by instruction
The outer nozzle mouth of load uses；
S3: when rotating disk turns to the position of inner and outer nozzles mouth center superposition, electric control gear sends instruction P31, stops driving and turns
Dish；Electric control gear sends instruction P32, recovers lock assembly and limits the spline of rotating disk；Last electric control gear sends instruction P33,
Rotating disk is driven to be adjacent on fixed connecting plate face so that outer nozzle muzzle, pressure inner nozzle mouth external diameter and end face are fixed；
S4: use another outer nozzle mouth to use if needing to adjust, then perform S2, S3.
8. impulse turbine Optimum Hydraulic Design as claimed in claim 7 increases the application process changing outer nozzle mouth device, its
Being characterised by: step S1 also includes sub-step S11: when needing load down, the electric control gear before sending P1 instruction first sends finger
P11 is made to close water shutdown voluntarily.
9. impulse turbine Optimum Hydraulic Design as claimed in claim 7 increases the application process changing outer nozzle mouth device, its
It is characterised by: step S2 also includes sub-step S21: sends instruction P21 at electric control gear and sends ECU between instruction P22
Send instruction P211, drive rotating disk to leave inner nozzle mouth.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610705907.7A CN106089545B (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2016-08-23 | Outer nozzle mouth device and application method are changed in nozzle of impulse water turbine mouth, increasing |
| PCT/CN2016/102971 WO2018035953A1 (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2016-10-22 | Device for adding or replacing impulse turbine outer nozzle opening designed for optimized hydraulic power and application method of same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610705907.7A CN106089545B (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2016-08-23 | Outer nozzle mouth device and application method are changed in nozzle of impulse water turbine mouth, increasing |
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| CN106089545A true CN106089545A (en) | 2016-11-09 |
| CN106089545B CN106089545B (en) | 2019-10-25 |
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| CN201610705907.7A Active CN106089545B (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2016-08-23 | Outer nozzle mouth device and application method are changed in nozzle of impulse water turbine mouth, increasing |
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| CN (1) | CN106089545B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018035953A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018035953A1 (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2018-03-01 | 苏永发 | Device for adding or replacing impulse turbine outer nozzle opening designed for optimized hydraulic power and application method of same |
| CN108372040A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-08-07 | 沈阳芯源微电子设备有限公司 | A kind of nozzle moisturizing switching mechanism |
| CN114654220A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-24 | 东方电气集团东方电机有限公司 | Nozzle assembly alignment method for impulse model water turbine |
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| CN106089545B (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2019-10-25 | 苏永发 | Outer nozzle mouth device and application method are changed in nozzle of impulse water turbine mouth, increasing |
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| WO2018035953A1 (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2018-03-01 | 苏永发 | Device for adding or replacing impulse turbine outer nozzle opening designed for optimized hydraulic power and application method of same |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2018035953A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 |
| CN106089545B (en) | 2019-10-25 |
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