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CN106083426A - 一种双孢菇培养料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种双孢菇培养料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106083426A
CN106083426A CN201610404984.9A CN201610404984A CN106083426A CN 106083426 A CN106083426 A CN 106083426A CN 201610404984 A CN201610404984 A CN 201610404984A CN 106083426 A CN106083426 A CN 106083426A
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张国前
郑阳
张健
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种双孢菇培养料的制备方法，涉及蔬菜种植技术领域，由如下重量份数原料制成：牛排菇菌渣40‑50份、泥炭土15‑20份、甜菜渣15‑20份、干鸡粪10‑15份、胡萝卜渣10‑15份、花生壳10‑15份、花生饼10‑15份、麦穗6‑10份、山楂叶6‑10份、椰糠5‑8份、虫害防治剂4‑7份、酸奶3‑5份、聚丙烯酰胺2‑3份、无患子粉2‑3份、天花粉2‑3份、熟地黄2‑3份、红曲2‑3份、荜茇1‑2份、聚合氯化铝1‑2份、骨炭1‑2份、粉煤灰3‑5份。本发明培养料含有丰富的养分，能充分供给双孢菇生长所需的营养物质，并且制备成本低、安全环保，不会对土壤造成污染，同时有效增加双孢菇产量和保证食用品质。

Description

一种双孢菇培养料的制备方法
技术领域：
本发明涉及蔬菜种植技术领域，具体涉及一种双孢菇培养料的制备方法。
背景技术：
目前我国栽培的双孢菇都是白色变种，主要适用于卖鲜品，或加工成罐头。双孢菇的菌肉肥嫩，并含有较多的甘露糖、海藻糖及各种氨基酸类物质，所以味道鲜美，营养丰富。据测定每100g干菇中含蛋白质36-40g、脂肪3.6g、碳水化合物31.2g、磷718mg、铁188.5mg、钙131mg、灰分14.2mg、粗纤维6g，此外还含有维生素B1、B2、Vc，尼克酸等，由于它的营养比一般蔬菜高，所以有“植物肉”之称。培养料是双孢菇菌丝生长的重要营养源，需要供给菌丝生长所需的全部营养元素，直接决定双孢菇的产量和品质。但目前所使用的培养料只注重营养成分，而没有添加虫害和细菌防治成分，因此存在虫害和细菌掠取营养物质或直接破坏双孢菇菌丝的问题，减缓菌丝的生长速度，降低产量。
发明内容：
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种不仅能充分供给营养，还具有虫害和细菌防治作用的双孢菇培养料的制备方法。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案来实现：
一种双孢菇培养料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将15-20份甜菜渣、10-15份胡萝卜渣和6-10份麦穗加入磨浆机中，经充分磨浆后再加入2-3份聚丙烯酰胺、2-3份无患子粉和1-2份聚合氯化铝，充分混合后送入冷冻干燥机中，充分冷冻干燥后经粉碎机制成粉末，即得粉料I；
(2)将10-15份花生壳、10-15份花生饼、6-10份山楂叶、2-3份熟地黄和1-2份荜茇粉碎成粉末，再加入15-20份泥炭土、5-8份椰糠、2-3份天花粉和1-2份骨炭，然后加热至70-80℃保温混合15min，即得粉料II；
(3)向40-50份牛排菇菌渣中加入上述制得的粉料I、4-7份虫害防治剂、3-5份酸奶和2-3份红曲，充分混合后加入发酵缸中并用薄膜密封，控制发酵室温度在35-40℃，7-10天后即得发酵料；
(4)向发酵料中加入粉料II、10-15份干鸡粪和3-5份粉煤灰，充分混合均匀即可使用。
所述虫害防治剂由如下重量份数的原料制成：苦瓜叶15-20份、茶枯粉10-15份、马齿苋10-15份、臭椿叶6-9份、苦菊4-7份、荨麻草4-7份、皂角粉3-6份、荠菜3-6份、海泡石粉3-6份、竹醋2-4份、木荷叶2-4份、葛根粉1-2份、决明子粉1-2份、炉甘石粉1-2份、纳米钛白粉0.5-1份，其制备方法为：将马齿苋、臭椿叶、苦菊和荠菜加入5倍重量水中，浸泡30min后经功率750W磨浆机磨浆，过滤，向滤液中加入切碎的苦瓜叶、荨麻草和木荷叶，于超声频率40kHz、功率100W下超声处理30min，然后将混合物送入冷冻干燥机中，经充分冷冻干燥后粉碎成粉末，最后加入茶枯粉、皂角粉、海泡石粉、竹醋、葛根粉、决明子粉、炉甘石粉和纳米钛白粉，充分混合均匀。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明以牛排菇菌渣为主要原料，辅以多种辅料，并通过再次发酵制得培养料，该培养料含有丰富的养分，能充分供给双孢菇生长所需的营养物质，并且制备成本低、安全环保，不会对土壤造成污染，同时有效增加双孢菇产量和保证食用品质。另外，通过其中部分辅料和虫害防治剂的添加，使培养料具有防治破坏性细菌和虫害的作用，避免养分流失，提高培养料的利用率。
具体实施方式：
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
(1)将15份甜菜渣、10份胡萝卜渣和6份麦穗加入磨浆机中，经充分磨浆后再加入2份聚丙烯酰胺、2份无患子粉和1份聚合氯化铝，充分混合后送入冷冻干燥机中，充分冷冻干燥后经粉碎机制成粉末，即得粉料I
(2)将10份花生壳、10份花生饼、6份山楂叶、2份熟地黄和2份荜茇粉碎成粉末，再加入15份泥炭土、8份椰糠、2份天花粉和1份骨炭，然后加热至70-80℃保温混合15min，即得粉料II；
(3)向50份牛排菇菌渣中加入上述制得的粉料I、4份虫害防治剂、3份酸奶和3份红曲，充分混合后加入发酵缸中并用薄膜密封，控制发酵室温度在35-40℃，7天后即得发酵料；
(4)向发酵料中加入粉料II、10份干鸡粪和4份粉煤灰，充分混合均匀即可使用。
虫害防治剂的制备：将15份马齿苋、6份臭椿叶、4份苦菊和5份荠菜加入5倍重量水中，浸泡30min后经功率750W磨浆机磨浆，过滤，向滤液中加入切碎的15份苦瓜叶、5份荨麻草和3份木荷叶，于超声频率40kHz、功率100W下超声处理30min，然后将混合物送入冷冻干燥机中，经充分冷冻干燥后粉碎成粉末，最后加入10份茶枯粉、5份皂角粉、4份海泡石粉、3份竹醋、2份葛根粉、1份决明子粉、2份炉甘石粉和0.5份纳米钛白粉，充分混合均匀。
实施例2
(1)将20份甜菜渣、10份胡萝卜渣和6份麦穗加入磨浆机中，经充分磨浆后再加入2份聚丙烯酰胺、2份无患子粉和1份聚合氯化铝，充分混合后送入冷冻干燥机中，充分冷冻干燥后经粉碎机制成粉末，即得粉料I
(2)将10份花生壳、15份花生饼、6份山楂叶、2份熟地黄和2份荜茇粉碎成粉末，再加入20份泥炭土、6份椰糠、2份天花粉和1份骨炭，然后加热至70-80℃保温混合15min，即得粉料II；
(3)向50份牛排菇菌渣中加入上述制得的粉料I、6份虫害防治剂、5份酸奶和2份红曲，充分混合后加入发酵缸中并用薄膜密封，控制发酵室温度在35-40℃，7天后即得发酵料；
(4)向发酵料中加入粉料II、10-15份干鸡粪和5-3份粉煤灰，充分混合均匀即可使用。
虫害防治剂的制备：将10份马齿苋、6份臭椿叶、5份苦菊和3份荠菜加入5倍重量水中，浸泡30min后经功率750W磨浆机磨浆，过滤，向滤液中加入切碎的15份苦瓜叶、5份荨麻草和4份木荷叶，于超声频率40kHz、功率100W下超声处理30min，然后将混合物送入冷冻干燥机中，经充分冷冻干燥后粉碎成粉末，最后加入15份茶枯粉、4份皂角粉、3份海泡石粉、2份竹醋、2份葛根粉、2份决明子粉、1份炉甘石粉和0.5份纳米钛白粉，充分混合均匀。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (2)

1.一种双孢菇培养料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
(1)将15-20份甜菜渣、10-15份胡萝卜渣和6-10份麦穗加入磨浆机中，经充分磨浆后再加入2-3份聚丙烯酰胺、2-3份无患子粉和1-2份聚合氯化铝，充分混合后送入冷冻干燥机中，充分冷冻干燥后经粉碎机制成粉末，即得粉料I；
(2)将10-15份花生壳、10-15份花生饼、6-10份山楂叶、2-3份熟地黄和1-2份荜茇粉碎成粉末，再加入15-20份泥炭土、5-8份椰糠、2-3份天花粉和1-2份骨炭，然后加热至70-80℃保温混合15min，即得粉料II；
(3)向40-50份牛排菇菌渣中加入上述制得的粉料I、4-7份虫害防治剂、3-5份酸奶和2-3份红曲，充分混合后加入发酵缸中并用薄膜密封，控制发酵室温度在35-40℃，7-10天后即得发酵料；
(4)向发酵料中加入粉料II、10-15份干鸡粪和3-5份粉煤灰，充分混合均匀即可使用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的双孢菇培养料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述虫害防治剂由如下重量份数的原料制成：苦瓜叶15-20份、茶枯粉10-15份、马齿苋10-15份、臭椿叶6-9份、苦菊4-7份、荨麻草4-7份、皂角粉3-6份、荠菜3-6份、海泡石粉3-6份、竹醋2-4份、木荷叶2-4份、葛根粉1-2份、决明子粉1-2份、炉甘石粉1-2份、纳米钛白粉0.5-1份，其制备方法为：将马齿苋、臭椿叶、苦菊和荠菜加入5倍重量水中，浸泡30min后经功率750W磨浆机磨浆，过滤，向滤液中加入切碎的苦瓜叶、荨麻草和木荷叶，于超声频率40kHz、功率100W下超声处理30min，然后将混合物送入冷冻干燥机中，经充分冷冻干燥后粉碎成粉末，最后加入茶枯粉、皂角粉、海泡石粉、竹醋、葛根粉、决明子粉、炉甘石粉和纳米钛白粉，充分混合均匀。
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