CN106071446B - A kind of Granny Smith low in calories and the compound pulp drinks of Hayward Kiwi berry and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Granny Smith low in calories and the compound pulp drinks of Hayward Kiwi berry and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106071446B CN106071446B CN201610429952.4A CN201610429952A CN106071446B CN 106071446 B CN106071446 B CN 106071446B CN 201610429952 A CN201610429952 A CN 201610429952A CN 106071446 B CN106071446 B CN 106071446B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L2/02—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof containing fruit or vegetable juices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
- A23L2/60—Sweeteners
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于食品加工技术领域,具体涉及一种低热量澳洲青苹与海沃德猕猴桃复合果肉功能饮料及其制备方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and in particular relates to a low-calorie Granny Smith apple and Hayward kiwi fruit composite pulp functional beverage and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
目前市场销售的传统果汁饮料普遍存在营养素较低、糖分高、热量高的问题,长期饮用不利用健康,容易引发肥胖、高血压、冠心病等慢性代谢性疾病,使其生活质量下降。At present, traditional fruit juice drinks on the market generally have the problems of low nutrients, high sugar content and high calorie content. Long-term drinking without using health can easily lead to obesity, hypertension, coronary heart disease and other chronic metabolic diseases, which reduce the quality of life.
随着人们生活水平的提高,肥胖症、糖尿病等慢性代谢性疾病日益增多,这些世界性健康问题的发生与其摄入的脂肪、糖类等高热量物质过多有关,所以低脂低糖低热量的营养健康食品已成为消费者的首选,其中富含营养物质的纯天然果肉饮料和保健功能饮料日益受到消费者的青睐。功能饮料是一类以调节人体生理机能或补充营养素为目的,对适宜人群和使用量均做出明确规定的非传统饮料,但目前果肉功能饮料产品的市场份额还很少。With the improvement of people's living standards, chronic metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes are increasing day by day. The occurrence of these worldwide health problems is related to the excessive intake of high-calorie substances such as fat and sugar. Therefore, low-fat, low-sugar and low-calorie Nutritious and healthy food has become the first choice of consumers, among which pure natural pulp beverages rich in nutrients and health functional beverages are increasingly favored by consumers. Functional beverages are a kind of non-traditional beverages for the purpose of regulating human physiological functions or supplementing nutrients, with clear regulations for suitable groups and dosages. However, the market share of fruit pulp functional beverages is still very small.
CN102626242A公开了一种鲜枣苹果汁的制备方法,CN102475328A公开了一种低热量沙棘饮料,CN103211254A公开了一种山茱萸果肉饮料的加工方法, CN103371387A公开了一种发酵型核桃猕猴桃饮料的生产方法,未见有关澳洲青苹果肉与猕猴桃果肉复配的低热低糖功能饮料。CN102626242A discloses a preparation method of fresh jujube apple juice, CN102475328A discloses a low-calorie sea buckthorn beverage, CN103211254A discloses a processing method of dogwood pulp beverage, CN103371387A discloses a production method of fermented walnut kiwi beverage, and the See about a low-calorie, low-sugar energy drink with green apple pulp and kiwi fruit pulp.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种热量低、口感香浓、膳食纤维和Vc 含量高且具有减肥功效的低热量澳洲青苹与海沃德猕猴桃复合果肉功能饮料,并为该饮料提供一种制备方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a low-calorie Granny Smith and Hayward kiwi fruit composite pulp functional beverage with low calorie, fragrant taste, high dietary fiber and Vc content and weight loss effect, and provide a functional beverage for the beverage. a preparation method.
解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是该功能饮料由下述质量份配比的原料制成:The technical solution adopted to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is that the functional beverage is made from the following raw materials in the proportion of parts by mass:
上述低热量澳洲青苹与海沃德猕猴桃复合果肉功能饮料优选由下述质量份配比的原料制成:The above-mentioned low-calorie Granny Smith apple and Hayward kiwi fruit complex pulp functional drink is preferably made from the following raw materials in the proportion of parts by mass:
上述的果肉原浆是澳洲青苹果肉原浆与海沃德猕猴桃果肉原浆质量比为 1:1.5~2的混合物,优选澳洲青苹果肉原浆与海沃德猕猴桃果肉原浆质量比为1:2 的混合物。The above-mentioned pulp puree is a mixture with a mass ratio of green apple pulp puree and Hayward kiwifruit pulp puree of 1:1.5 to 2, preferably, the mass ratio of green apple pulp puree to Hayward kiwifruit puree is 1. :2 mixture.
上述的香精优选IFF SC526009天然苹果香精、芬豪天然苹果香精、上海百润 XAH-528猕猴桃香精、COMAX FLAVORS CM100437猕猴桃香精的质量比为 1:1:1:1的混合物。The above-mentioned essence is preferably a mixture in which the mass ratio of IFF SC526009 natural apple essence, Fenhao natural apple essence, Shanghai Bairun XAH-528 kiwi essence, and COMAX FLAVORS CM100437 kiwi essence is 1:1:1:1.
本发明低热量澳洲青苹与海沃德猕猴桃复合果肉功能饮料的制备方法由下述步骤组成:The preparation method of the low-calorie Granny Smith apple and Hayward kiwi fruit composite pulp functional beverage of the present invention consists of the following steps:
1、将澳洲青苹和海沃德猕猴桃分别进行冷破碎打浆,得到澳洲青苹果肉原浆和海沃德猕猴桃果肉原浆。1. The granny smith apples and Hayward kiwi fruit are respectively subjected to cold crushing and beating to obtain the puree of the green apple pulp and the puree of the Hayward kiwi fruit pulp.
2、按照权利要求1所述的质量百分比组成,将澳洲青苹果肉原浆、海沃德猕猴桃果肉原浆、甜菊糖苷、赤藓糖醇、低聚木糖、亚麻籽胶、香精加入纯净水中,混合均匀后加热至70~80℃,保温3~5分钟,冷却至常温,用均质机对混合物料进行均质。2. According to the mass percentage composition described in claim 1, the puree of green apple pulp, puree of Hayward kiwi fruit pulp, steviol glycosides, erythritol, xylo-oligosaccharide, flaxseed gum and essence are added into purified water , after mixing evenly, heat to 70-80 ℃, keep warm for 3-5 minutes, cool to normal temperature, and homogenize the mixed material with a homogenizer.
3、将均质好的果汁趁热灌装后用真空脱气机脱气,然后置于沸水浴中,杀菌5~10分钟,即得低热量澳洲青苹与海沃德猕猴桃复合果肉功能饮料。3. Degas the homogenized fruit juice while it is still hot with a vacuum degasser, then place it in a boiling water bath and sterilize it for 5-10 minutes to obtain a low-calorie Granny Smith and Hayward kiwi fruit complex pulp functional drink .
澳洲青苹是一个世界知名的加工、鲜食兼用的绿色苹果品种,其风味独特营养丰富,果肉为淡绿白色,肉质粗脆而多汁,极耐储藏,富含有机酸、多酚、果胶、 Vc、膳食纤维等营养成分;海沃德猕猴桃是陕西猕猴桃主栽品种之一,其果肉翠绿,维生素C含量极高,还含有大量的氨基酸、果胶、矿物成分等。本发明利用冷破碎专利技术设备加工澳洲青苹和海沃德猕猴桃果浆,与传统意义的全果打浆完全不同,最大程度保留了原果的营养成分和风味物质,并将全果打浆可能存在的危害完全消除,安全绿色。将这两种果肉原浆进行复配,不仅能使该复合果肉功能饮料呈现出怡人的淡绿色和苹果清香,更能使产品同时含有澳洲青苹和猕猴桃两种水果中的Vc、果胶、氨基酸、膳食纤维等营养物质,达到营养加倍保健功能协调增效的作用。而且果浆本身的高酸度还非常有利于营养素Vc的保存。Granny Smith is a world-renowned green apple variety for both processing and fresh consumption. It has a unique flavor and is rich in nutrients. The pulp is light green and white. The flesh is crisp and juicy. Gum, Vc, dietary fiber and other nutrients; Hayward kiwifruit is one of the main varieties of kiwifruit in Shaanxi. Its pulp is green, the content of vitamin C is extremely high, and it also contains a large amount of amino acids, pectin, and minerals. The invention uses the patented cold crushing technology equipment to process Granny Smith apple and Hayward kiwi fruit pulp, which is completely different from the traditional whole fruit beating, and retains the nutrients and flavor substances of the original fruit to the greatest extent, and the whole fruit beating may exist. The harm is completely eliminated, safe and green. The compounding of these two pulp purees can not only make the composite pulp functional drink present a pleasant light green and apple fragrance, but also make the product contain Vc, pectin in Granny Smith apple and kiwi fruit at the same time. , amino acids, dietary fiber and other nutrients, to achieve the effect of doubling nutrition and health care function coordination and synergy. Moreover, the high acidity of the pulp itself is also very beneficial to the preservation of the nutrient Vc.
亚麻籽胶是以亚麻的种子或籽皮为原料,经提取、浓缩精制及干燥等加工工艺制成的天然食品添加剂,它是一种溶解性能良好的亲水胶体,含有丰富的膳食纤维,广泛应用于食品工业。本发明添加亚麻籽胶作为复合果肉功能饮料的稳定剂,亚麻籽胶具有非常好的乳化性和胶凝性,它能够与澳洲青苹和海沃德猕猴桃果肉原浆中的果胶物质(即水溶性膳食纤维)相互作用形成一种稳定的混浊体系,使该复合果肉功能饮料在储藏期间很好地保持色泽和稳定性,并能与两种果肉原浆互相融合调配出一种和谐的口感和风味,使本发明饮料优于其他以阿拉伯胶、海藻胶、黄原胶、明胶、CMC为乳化稳定增稠剂的果肉饮料。Flaxseed gum is a natural food additive made from flax seeds or seed skins through extraction, concentration, refining and drying. It is a hydrophilic colloid with good solubility and rich in dietary fiber. Used in the food industry. The present invention adds flaxseed gum as a stabilizer for the composite pulp functional beverage. The flaxseed gum has very good emulsifying and gelling properties, and can be combined with the pectin substances in the puree of Granny Smith apple and Hayward kiwi fruit pulp (ie Water-soluble dietary fiber) interacts to form a stable turbid system, so that the composite pulp functional drink can maintain its color and stability well during storage, and can be blended with the two pulps to create a harmonious taste. and flavor, the beverage of the present invention is superior to other pulp beverages using gum arabic, algin gum, xanthan gum, gelatin and CMC as emulsification and stable thickeners.
甜菊糖苷是一种从菊科草本植物甜菊叶中精提的新型天然甜味剂,最大的特点是高甜度、低热量;等量甜菊糖苷的甜度是蔗糖的200~300倍,而热值仅为蔗糖的1/300。赤藓糖醇是一种天然的糖醇类填充型甜味剂,在机体内不能被任何酶系统消化降解,且几乎不对血糖有任何影响,广泛存在于多种水果和发酵食品中。低聚木糖是一种从玉米芯里提出来的功能性糖,有减肥功效,还可以促进钙的吸收。本发明添加的天然甜味剂——赤藓糖醇、甜菊糖苷、低聚木糖,人体不吸收几乎不产生热量,最重要的是这三者按一定比例复配可以模拟出和蔗糖一样的口感,使得产品的甜味给人愉悦感,克服了单一使用甜菊糖苷存在的后苦味。三者的复配相互协同,发挥甜、酸互相依附的作用,不仅使复合果肉饮料口感具有愉悦甜味,其低糖度可极大降低产品热量,更具备促进钙质吸收的功能。Steviol glycoside is a new type of natural sweetener extracted from the leaves of the Compositae herb, Stevia. Its biggest feature is high sweetness and low calorie; The value is only 1/300 of that of sucrose. Erythritol is a natural sugar alcohol filling sweetener, which cannot be digested and degraded by any enzyme system in the body, and has almost no effect on blood sugar. It is widely present in a variety of fruits and fermented foods. Xylo-oligosaccharide is a functional sugar extracted from corncob, which has the effect of weight loss and can also promote the absorption of calcium. The natural sweeteners added in the present invention - erythritol, stevioside, xylo-oligosaccharide, are not absorbed by the human body and hardly generate heat. The taste makes the sweetness of the product pleasant, and overcomes the bitterness after the single use of steviol glycosides. The combination of the three is synergistic with each other, and plays the role of sweet and sour interdependence, which not only makes the composite pulp beverage taste pleasant and sweet, but its low sugar content can greatly reduce the calorie of the product, and it also has the function of promoting calcium absorption.
膳食纤维是一类不能被人类的胃肠道中消化酶所消化的且不被人体吸收利用的非淀粉多糖,有着预防心血管疾病、癌症、糖尿病等重要的生理功能,被称为人类的“第七大营养素”。膳食纤维具有极强的持水性,摄入膳食纤维可使人具有饱腹感,从而减少进食量达到减肥功效。Dietary fiber is a kind of non-starch polysaccharide that cannot be digested by digestive enzymes in the human gastrointestinal tract and cannot be absorbed and utilized by the human body. It has important physiological functions such as preventing cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes. Seven Nutrients". Dietary fiber has a very strong water holding capacity, and intake of dietary fiber can make people feel full, thereby reducing food intake and achieving weight loss effect.
本发明所用原料均为低热量的材料,其中冷破碎澳洲青苹原浆和亚麻籽胶均可提供大量的膳食纤维,海沃德猕猴桃提供大量的Vc,以发挥其保持消化系统健康、降低胆固醇和高血压等多种重要功能。此外,果浆中本身的草酸、奎尼酸、苹果酸、莽草酸等协调作用,能克服某些加工中可能产生的异味,以达到提升口感的良好作用。The raw materials used in the present invention are all low-calorie materials, wherein the cold crushed Granny Smith apple pulp and flaxseed gum can provide a large amount of dietary fiber, and the Hayward kiwi fruit provides a large amount of Vc, so as to maintain the health of the digestive system and reduce cholesterol. and high blood pressure. In addition, the coordinating effects of oxalic acid, quinic acid, malic acid, shikimic acid, etc. in the pulp can overcome the peculiar smell that may occur in some processing, so as to achieve a good effect of improving the taste.
本发明复合果肉功能饮料克服了普通果肉饮料含糖量高、热量高和果肉含量低、营养素含量低的缺点,该饮品低糖无脂热量低,色泽淡绿怡人,口感香浓愉悦,膳食纤维和Vc含量高,具有显著的保健功能和食疗作用,是肥胖症及三高人群解渴及补充膳食纤维和Vc的最佳选择;且产品几乎不含脂类物质,更是一种在当今快节奏工作环境中既能饱腹又能增加膳食纤维的低热量保健饮料。本发明产品更是低热、低糖、低脂的健康食品。The composite pulp functional beverage of the invention overcomes the disadvantages of high sugar content, high calorie content, low pulp content and low nutrient content of ordinary pulp beverages. With high content of and Vc, it has significant health care function and therapeutic effect. It is the best choice for obese and three high people to quench their thirst and supplement dietary fiber and Vc; and the product contains almost no lipids, which is a kind of fast-paced food in today's fast-paced. A low-calorie health drink that can both satiate and increase dietary fiber in the work environment. The product of the invention is a low-calorie, low-sugar and low-fat healthy food.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步详细说明,但本发明的保护范围不仅限于这些实施例。The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the examples, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.
实施例1Example 1
以制备澳洲青苹与海沃德猕猴桃复合果肉功能饮料1000g为例,其原料组成为:Taking the preparation of Granny Smith apple and Hayward kiwi fruit composite pulp functional drink 1000g as an example, the raw material composition is as follows:
其制备方法如下:Its preparation method is as follows:
1、将澳洲青苹和海沃德猕猴桃分别用冷破碎打浆机进行冷破碎打浆,得到澳洲青苹果肉原浆和海沃德猕猴桃果肉原浆。1. The granny smith apples and Hayward kiwifruit are respectively subjected to cold crushing and beating with a cold crushing and beating machine to obtain the puree of the green apple pulp and the puree of the Hayward kiwi fruit pulp.
2、将100g澳洲青苹果肉原浆、200g海沃德猕猴桃果肉原浆、0.15g甜菊糖苷、 45g赤藓糖醇、7g低聚木糖、0.75g亚麻籽胶、0.25g IFF SC526009天然苹果香精、0.25g 芬豪天然苹果香精、0.25g上海百润XAH-528猕猴桃香精、0.25g COMAX FLAVORS CM100437猕猴桃香精加入646.1g纯净水中,混合均匀后加热至70~80℃,保温5分钟,然后冷却至常温,用均质机对混合物料进行均质,压力为400bar,均质3~4次。2. Mix 100g of green apple pulp, 200g of Hayward kiwi pulp, 0.15g of steviol glycosides, 45g of erythritol, 7g of xylo-oligosaccharides, 0.75g of flaxseed gum, 0.25g of IFF SC526009 natural apple essence , 0.25g Fenhao Natural Apple Flavor, 0.25g Shanghai Bairun XAH-528 Kiwi Fruit Flavor, 0.25g COMAX FLAVORS CM100437 Kiwi Fruit Flavor, add 646.1g pure water, mix well, heat to 70-80℃, keep warm for 5 minutes, and then cool to At normal temperature, homogenize the mixed material with a homogenizer, the pressure is 400 bar, and the homogenization is performed 3 to 4 times.
3、将均质好的果汁趁热灌装后用真空脱气机脱气,然后置于沸水浴中,杀菌5~10分钟,即得低热量澳洲青苹与海沃德猕猴桃复合果肉功能饮料。3. Degas the homogenized fruit juice while it is still hot with a vacuum degasser, then place it in a boiling water bath and sterilize it for 5-10 minutes to obtain a low-calorie Granny Smith and Hayward kiwi fruit complex pulp functional drink .
实施例2Example 2
以制备澳洲青苹与海沃德猕猴桃复合果肉功能饮料1000g为例,其原料组成为:Taking the preparation of Granny Smith apple and Hayward kiwi fruit composite pulp functional drink 1000g as an example, the raw material composition is as follows:
其制备方法与实施例1相同。The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.
实施例3Example 3
以制备澳洲青苹与海沃德猕猴桃复合果肉功能饮料1000g为例,其原料组成为:Taking the preparation of Granny Smith apple and Hayward kiwi fruit composite pulp functional drink 1000g as an example, the raw material composition is as follows:
其制备方法与实施例1相同。The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.
为了确定本发明的最佳配比以及最佳工艺步骤,发明人进行了大量的试验,各种试验情况如下:In order to determine the best ratio of the present invention and the best process steps, the inventor has carried out a large number of tests, and various test conditions are as follows:
试验原料:冷破碎澳洲青苹果肉原浆、冷破碎海沃德猕猴桃果肉原浆、甜菊糖苷、赤藓糖醇、低聚木糖、亚麻籽胶、香精均为食品级。Test materials: cold-crushed green apple pulp, cold-crushed Hayward kiwi pulp, steviol glycosides, erythritol, xylo-oligosaccharides, flaxseed gum, and flavors are all food grade.
1、单因素试验1. Single factor test
(1)果浆含量及比例对饮料口感的影响(1) Effects of pulp content and proportion on beverage taste
GB/T 31121-2014《果蔬汁类及其饮料》规定果肉(浆)饮料的原果浆质量分数不少于20%。综合考虑成品口感及商业利润,进行了如下几组对比试验:GB/T 31121-2014 "Fruit and Vegetable Juices and Beverages" stipulates that the original pulp mass fraction of pulp (pulp) beverages shall not be less than 20%. Considering the taste and commercial profit of the finished product, the following sets of comparative experiments were carried out:
分别称取20g、25g、30g、35g、40g的混合果浆(澳洲青苹果肉原浆与海沃德猕猴桃果肉原浆的质量比为1:1),放入5个烧杯中。然后向每个烧杯中添加纯净水使总质量达到100g,搅拌均匀。在室温下放置并进行感官评价,感官评价标准见表1,感官评价结果见表2。Weigh 20g, 25g, 30g, 35g and 40g of mixed pulp (the mass ratio of the puree of green apple pulp and puree of Hayward kiwi fruit is 1:1) and put them into 5 beakers. Then add purified water to each beaker to make the total mass reach 100g, and stir well. Place at room temperature and conduct sensory evaluation. The sensory evaluation standards are shown in Table 1, and the sensory evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
进一步对两种果浆的添加比例进行优化实验,分别选取澳洲青苹果肉原浆与海沃德猕猴桃果肉原浆质量比为1:1、1:1.5、1:2、1:2.5、1.5:1、2:1、2.5:1进行对比试验。调配好后,在室温下放置并进行感官评价,感官评价标准见表1,感官评价结果见表3。Further optimization experiments were carried out on the addition ratio of the two pulps, and the mass ratios of green apple pulp and Hayward kiwifruit pulp were selected as 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, and 1.5: 1, 2:1, 2.5:1 for comparison test. After the preparation, they were placed at room temperature and subjected to sensory evaluation. The sensory evaluation criteria were shown in Table 1, and the sensory evaluation results were shown in Table 3.
表1果浆含量感官评价标准Table 1 Sensory evaluation criteria for pulp content
注:感官评价总分为10分,评价人员为不同年龄段、不同性别的专业评审员15~20人。Note: The total score of sensory evaluation is 10 points, and the evaluation personnel are 15 to 20 professional reviewers of different ages and genders.
表2果浆含量对果汁口感的影响Table 2 Effect of pulp content on fruit juice taste
由表2的试验结果可见,果浆含量在30%与35%时感官评价评分均较高,为减少企业生产过程中的生产成本。因此,本发明优选复合果肉功能饮料中果肉原浆的含量为30%。It can be seen from the test results in Table 2 that the sensory evaluation scores are higher when the pulp content is 30% and 35%, in order to reduce the production cost in the production process of the enterprise. Therefore, in the present invention, the content of pulp puree in the composite pulp functional beverage is preferably 30%.
表3果浆比例对果汁口感的影响Table 3 Effect of pulp ratio on fruit juice taste
由表3的试验结果可见,当澳洲青苹果肉原浆与海沃德猕猴桃果肉原浆的质量比为1:2时,感观评价得分最高。因此,本发明选择复合果肉功能饮料中澳洲青苹果肉原浆与海沃德猕猴桃果肉原浆的质量比为1:2。It can be seen from the test results in Table 3 that when the mass ratio of the puree of green apple pulp and puree of Hayward kiwifruit pulp is 1:2, the sensory evaluation score is the highest. Therefore, the present invention selects the mass ratio of the puree of the green apple pulp to the puree of the Hayward kiwi fruit pulp in the composite pulp functional beverage to be 1:2.
(2)糖酸比及甜味剂添加量的确定(2) Determination of sugar-acid ratio and sweetener addition amount
糖、酸的配比将最终影响到饮料的口感,一般用来加工用的澳洲青苹果肉原浆其总固形物均在8°Brix以上,可滴定酸在0.5%以上。海沃德猕猴桃果肉原浆的总固形物均在10°Brix以上,可滴定酸在1%以上。因此,经加工而不调配的风味过于平淡,只有相应调整糖、酸的配比,发挥糖、酸互相依附的作用,加入适量的辅料才能达到改善饮料风味的目的。调配使用的甜味剂是甜菊糖苷、赤藓糖醇、低聚木糖。首先根据预试验结果和对市场销售同类产品的分析后确定用蔗糖确定最佳糖酸比为22:1,再依据低热量的原则选择用甜度为蔗糖甜度240倍的甜菊糖苷与甜度为蔗糖甜度0.6倍的赤藓糖醇、甜度为蔗糖甜度0.4倍的低聚木糖混合复配代替蔗糖,使饮料糖酸比达到22:1。根据反复试验所得的初步结果,确定了甜味剂和酸味剂的最佳用量配比,试验结果见表4。The ratio of sugar and acid will ultimately affect the taste of the beverage. Generally, the total solids of the green apple pulp used for processing are above 8°Brix, and the titratable acid is above 0.5%. The total solid content of Hayward kiwifruit pulp puree is above 10°Brix, and the titratable acid is above 1%. Therefore, the flavor that has been processed and not prepared is too bland. Only by adjusting the ratio of sugar and acid correspondingly, to play the role of mutual dependence between sugar and acid, and adding appropriate amount of auxiliary materials, can the purpose of improving the flavor of the beverage be achieved. The sweeteners used in the formulation are steviol glycosides, erythritol, and xylo-oligosaccharides. First, according to the pre-test results and the analysis of similar products on the market, it is determined that the optimal sugar-to-acid ratio is 22:1 with sucrose, and then according to the principle of low calorie, steviol glycosides with a sweetness that is 240 times as sweet as sucrose are selected. It is erythritol whose sweetness is 0.6 times that of sucrose and xylo-oligosaccharides whose sweetness is 0.4 times that of sucrose. According to the preliminary results obtained by repeated tests, the optimal dosage ratio of sweetener and sour agent was determined, and the test results are shown in Table 4.
表4添加剂用量配比Table 4 Additive dosage ratio
甜味剂与酸味剂是赋予食品甜味和酸味的食品添加剂,可以使食品具有适口的感觉,有助于良好风味的形成,并且和许多食品本身的风味是相互补充的。试验结果表明,当果肉原浆浓度为30%时,甜菊糖苷、赤藓糖醇、低聚木糖的添加量分别 0.015%、4.5%、0.7%时,饮料的风味酸甜适宜,口感浓郁。赤藓糖醇的加入不仅使果汁的口感更好,回味无穷,也掩盖了甜菊糖苷的甘草后苦味,三者的复配成功模拟出了蔗糖的愉悦甜味。Sweeteners and acidulants are food additives that impart sweetness and sourness to food, which can make food have a palatable feeling, contribute to the formation of good flavor, and complement each other with the flavors of many foods themselves. The test results show that when the concentration of pulp puree is 30% and the additions of stevioside, erythritol and xylo-oligosaccharide are 0.015%, 4.5% and 0.7%, respectively, the beverage has a suitable sweet and sour flavor and rich taste. The addition of erythritol not only makes the juice taste better and has an endless aftertaste, but also masks the bitterness after licorice of steviol glycosides. The combination of the three successfully simulates the pleasant sweetness of sucrose.
(3)稳定剂的选择(3) Selection of stabilizer
果肉饮料含有果肉,加工储藏中若处理不当,果肉易沉淀,而导致饮料分层,影响感官质量和消费者的购买欲望。因此适量稳定剂的添加对于保持果肉饮料的体系均一、货架期内放置不分层具有重要的意义。试验选取羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、高酯果胶、亚麻籽胶为稳定剂,首先单独使用三种稳定剂,分别配制稳定剂含量为 0.025%、0.05%、0.075%的果肉饮料,其中果浆浓度35%,甜菊糖苷、赤藓糖醇、低聚木糖的添加量分别0.015%、4.5%、0.7%。将上述原料混合均匀,均质杀菌后制成果肉饮料。制备好的果肉饮料先进行感官评价,然后在室温下放置7天,观察其分层情况。试验结果见表5。Fruit pulp beverages contain fruit pulp. If improperly handled during processing and storage, the pulp will easily precipitate, which will lead to stratification of the beverage, affecting the sensory quality and consumers' desire to buy. Therefore, the addition of an appropriate amount of stabilizer is of great significance to maintain the uniformity of the pulp beverage system and to keep it from delamination during the shelf life. The test selected carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), high-ester pectin, and flaxseed gum as stabilizers. First, three kinds of stabilizers were used alone to prepare pulp beverages with stabilizer contents of 0.025%, 0.05%, and 0.075%, respectively. The pulp concentration was 35%, and the additions of stevioside, erythritol, and xylo-oligosaccharide were 0.015%, 4.5%, and 0.7%, respectively. The above-mentioned raw materials are mixed uniformly, homogenized and sterilized to prepare a pulp beverage. The prepared pulp drink was first subjected to sensory evaluation, and then placed at room temperature for 7 days to observe its stratification. The test results are shown in Table 5.
表5不同含量不同种类稳定剂对果肉饮料稳定性及口感的影响Table 5 Effects of different contents and different types of stabilizers on the stability and taste of pulp beverages
试验结果表明,0.075%的CMC和0.05%、0.075%的亚麻籽胶添加到果肉饮料中都可以达到预期的稳定性,果汁放置7天未出现分层现象。但添加0.075%的CMC 果肉饮料口感略带胶体加热后的异味,故选择亚麻籽胶为该果肉饮料的稳定剂。The test results show that 0.075% of CMC and 0.05% and 0.075% of flaxseed gum can achieve the expected stability when added to the pulp drink, and the juice does not appear delamination after 7 days of storage. However, adding 0.075% of CMC pulp drink has a slight peculiar smell after colloid heating, so flaxseed gum is selected as the stabilizer of the pulp drink.
(4)香精的选择(4) The choice of flavor
本发明选择IFF SC526009天然苹果香精、芬豪天然苹果香精、上海百润 XAH-528猕猴桃香精、COMAX FLAVORS CM100437猕猴桃香精为香精进行试验。香精的添加总量为0.1%,根据各香精香味及滋味的不同进行复配试验,各香精的添加比例分别为(IFF:芬豪:百润:COMAX FLAVORS):1:1:1:1、2:2:1:1、 3:3:1:1、1:1:2:2、1:1:3:3,调配均匀后进行感官评价,分别向已调配好的果肉饮料中按比例加入以上的四种香精进行复配,均质杀菌后对果肉饮料的口感进行感官评价,评价标准见表6,评价结果见表7。The present invention selects IFF SC526009 natural apple essence, Fenhao natural apple essence, Shanghai Bairun XAH-528 kiwi fruit essence, and COMAX FLAVORS CM100437 kiwi fruit essence for testing. The total amount of flavors added is 0.1%, and the compound test is carried out according to the different flavors and tastes of the flavors. 2:2:1:1, 3:3:1:1, 1:1:2:2, 1:1:3:3, and sensory evaluation is carried out after evenly blending them, and the proportions are added to the prepared pulp drink respectively. The above four kinds of essences were added for compounding, and after homogenization and sterilization, the mouthfeel of the pulp beverage was subjected to sensory evaluation. The evaluation criteria are shown in Table 6, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 7.
表6四种香精复配对果肉饮料口感影响的感官评价标准Table 6 Sensory evaluation criteria for the effect of four flavor combinations on the taste of pulp beverages
注:感官评价总分为10分,评价人员为不同年龄段、不同性别的专业评审人员15~20人。Note: The total score of sensory evaluation is 10 points, and the evaluators are 15-20 professional reviewers of different ages and genders.
表7四种香精复配对果肉饮料口感的影响Table 7 Effects of four kinds of flavor compound on the taste of pulp drink
根据表7的感官评价结果,本发明的香精选择IFF SC526009天然苹果香精、芬豪天然苹果香精、上海百润XAH-528猕猴桃香精、COMAX FLAVORS CM100437猕猴桃香精的质量比为1:1:1:1的混合物。According to the sensory evaluation results in Table 7, the mass ratio of IFF SC526009 natural apple essence, Fenhao natural apple essence, Shanghai Bairun XAH-528 kiwi fruit essence, and COMAX FLAVORS CM100437 kiwi fruit essence is 1:1:1:1 as the essence of the present invention. mixture.
2、澳洲青苹与海沃德猕猴桃复合果肉功能饮料配方的优化2. Optimization of the formulation of Granny Smith apple and Hayward kiwi fruit complex pulp energy drink
在前面单因素试验的基础上,为了考察多因素对果肉饮料稳定性和口感的影响,发明人选择果浆浓度(A)、糖酸比(B)、亚麻籽胶的添加量(C)进行3 因素3水平正交试验。试验方法是在每个试验中,甜菊糖苷的添加量0.015g、赤藓糖醇的添加量4.5g、低聚木糖的添加量0.7g、香精总添加量0.1g(IFF SC526009 天然苹果香精、芬豪天然苹果香精、上海百润XAH-528猕猴桃香精、COMAX FLAVORS CM100437猕猴桃香精的质量比为1:1:1:1的混合物)。然后按表8 调整果浆浓度、糖酸比、亚麻籽胶添加量,最后用纯净水补充为100g。将所有原辅料混合均匀,均质、杀菌、脱气后制成果肉饮料,对其外观、色泽、香气、质地、口感进行综合评分。评分标准见表8,试验结果见表9。On the basis of the previous single-factor test, in order to investigate the influence of multiple factors on the stability and taste of pulp beverages, the inventors selected pulp concentration (A), sugar-acid ratio (B), and the addition amount of flaxseed gum (C). 3-factor 3-level orthogonal test. The test method is that in each test, the addition amount of stevioside is 0.015g, the addition amount of erythritol is 4.5g, the addition amount of xylo-oligosaccharide is 0.7g, and the total addition amount of flavor is 0.1g (IFF SC526009 Natural Apple Flavor, A mixture of Fenhao natural apple flavor, Shanghai Bairun XAH-528 kiwi flavor, and COMAX FLAVORS CM100437 kiwi flavor in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1). Then adjust the pulp concentration, sugar-acid ratio, and the amount of flaxseed gum according to Table 8, and finally supplement it with purified water to 100g. All raw and auxiliary materials are mixed evenly, homogenized, sterilized and degassed to make a pulp drink, and the appearance, color, aroma, texture and taste are comprehensively scored. The scoring criteria are shown in Table 8, and the test results are shown in Table 9.
表8果肉饮料配方优化试验感官评分标准Table 8 The sensory scoring criteria of the fruit pulp beverage formulation optimization test
注:感官评价总分为10分,评价人员为不同年龄段、不同性别的专业评审人员15~20人。Note: The total score of sensory evaluation is 10 points, and the evaluators are 15-20 professional reviewers of different ages and genders.
表9果肉饮料配方的优化试验结果Table 9 Optimization test results of pulp beverage formula
由表9可以看出,果浆浓度、糖酸比、亚麻籽胶的添加量对产品质量有重要影响,其中果浆浓度的级差R最大为3,糖酸比R最小为0.8。说明在试验范围内,果浆浓度是影响产品质量的主要因素,而糖酸比、亚麻籽胶添加量对产品质量影响较小。其最佳组合为A2B2C3,即果浆浓度30%、糖酸比22:1、亚麻籽胶添加量 0.075%。As can be seen from Table 9, the concentration of fruit pulp, the ratio of sugar to acid, and the addition of linseed gum have an important impact on the product quality. It shows that within the test range, the pulp concentration is the main factor affecting the product quality, while the sugar-acid ratio and the addition amount of flaxseed gum have little effect on the product quality. The best combination is A 2 B 2 C 3 , that is, the concentration of pulp is 30%, the ratio of sugar to acid is 22:1, and the addition amount of flaxseed gum is 0.075%.
为了验证本发明的有益效果,发明人对本发明实施例1制备的澳洲青苹与海沃德猕猴桃复合果肉功能饮料的各项指标进行了分析(参照GB 19297-2003《果、蔬汁饮料卫生标准》NY 82.2-1988《果汁测定方法感官检验》),各种分析检验情况如下:In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, the inventors analyzed various indicators of the Granny Smith and Hayward kiwifruit composite pulp functional beverage prepared in Example 1 of the present invention (refer to GB 19297-2003 "Hygienic Standard for Fruit and Vegetable Juice Beverages"). "NY 82.2-1988 "Juice Determination Method Sensory Inspection"), various analysis and inspection conditions are as follows:
(1)感官检测(1) Sensory detection
检测方法:根据表10,在自然光下观察颜色、品尝评定风味。Detection method: According to Table 10, observe the color under natural light, taste and evaluate the flavor.
检测结果:产品淡绿色,有浓郁的香气,较粘稠、口感酸甜适中、整个体系均匀一致。Test results: The product is light green, has a strong aroma, is viscous, tastes moderately sweet and sour, and the whole system is uniform.
表10感官检测标准Table 10 Sensory testing standards
(2)营养及理化指标(2) Nutrition and physical and chemical indicators
Vc按照GB/T 6195-1986《水果、蔬菜维生素C含量测定法(2,6-二氯靛酚滴定法)》规定的方法测定,总糖按照GB/T 5009.8-2008《食品中蔗糖含量测定方法》规定的方法测定,可溶性固形物用折光计进行测定,脂肪的测定按照GB/T 14772-2008《食品中粗脂肪的测定》检测,试验结果如表11所示。Vc is determined according to the method specified in GB/T 6195-1986 "Determination of vitamin C content in fruits and vegetables (2,6-dichloroindophenol titration method)", and total sugar is determined according to GB/T 5009.8-2008 "Determination of sucrose content in food" The soluble solids were measured with a refractometer, and the fat was measured according to GB/T 14772-2008 "Determination of Crude Fat in Foods". The test results are shown in Table 11.
表11果肉饮料营养及理化指标检测结果Table 11 Test results of nutrition and physicochemical indexes of pulp beverage
(3)卫生指标检测(3) Hygiene index detection
检测方法:砷含量按GB 5009.11《食品中总砷的测定》规定的方法检测,铅含量按GB 5009.12《食品中总铅的测定》规定的方法检测,铜含量按GB 5009.13《食品中总铜的测定》规定的方法检测,汞含量按GB 5009.17《食品中总汞的测定》规定的方法检测,微生物检验按GB 4789.26《食品卫生微生物学检验罐头检验》规定的方法检测。检测结果见表12。Detection method: The arsenic content is detected according to the method specified in GB 5009.11 "Determination of total arsenic in food", the lead content is detected according to the method specified in GB 5009.12 "Determination of total lead in food", and the copper content is detected according to GB 5009.13 "Determination of total copper in food". The mercury content is tested according to the method specified in GB 5009.17 "Determination of Total Mercury in Food", and the microbiological test is tested according to the method specified in GB 4789.26 "Food Hygiene Microbiological Inspection Canned Food Inspection". The test results are shown in Table 12.
表12卫生指标检测结果Table 12 Test results of health indicators
(4)膳食纤维以及热量指标(4) Dietary fiber and calorie indicators
膳食纤维按NY/T 1594-2008《水果中总膳食纤维的测定非酶-重量法》规定的方法进行测定,能量使用MTZW-A4高精度两用全自动量热仪进行测定,结果见表 13。Dietary fiber was measured according to the method specified in NY/T 1594-2008 "Determination of Total Dietary Fiber in Fruits by Non-enzymatic-Gravimetric Method", and energy was measured by MTZW-A4 high-precision dual-purpose automatic calorimeter. The results are shown in Table 13 .
表13膳食纤维以及热量指标检测结果Table 13 Test results of dietary fiber and calorie indicators
膳食纤维主要是不能被人体所利用的多糖,即不能被人体胃肠道中消化酶所消化的且不被人体吸收利用的多糖。它是食物中具有保健功能的功效成分,提高膳食中膳食纤维的含量,可减少热量摄入,降低肠道内营养素的消化吸收,促使体内贮存的脂肪消耗,起到减肥的作用。可溶性的食物纤维可以减缓葡萄糖的吸收,改善糖尿病症状。水果、蔬菜等植物性食品是膳食纤维的主要来源之一,一般果蔬的膳食纤维含量在1%~2%,苹果去皮后的膳食纤维含量在1%~1.5%,且在加工过程中,膳食纤维会有一定损失,本发明果肉饮料的膳食纤维含量为1.23%,膳食纤维在加工中损失很小,其总量远远高于同类商品。而经测定得,本发明的热量为120 kJ/100mL,市售同类商品的热量在150kJ/100mL~250kJ/100mL,故本发明的复合果肉功能饮料热量低。Dietary fiber is mainly a polysaccharide that cannot be used by the human body, that is, a polysaccharide that cannot be digested by digestive enzymes in the human gastrointestinal tract and cannot be absorbed and utilized by the human body. It is a functional ingredient with health care functions in food. Increasing the content of dietary fiber in the diet can reduce calorie intake, reduce the digestion and absorption of nutrients in the intestine, promote the consumption of stored fat in the body, and play a role in weight loss. Soluble dietary fiber can slow glucose absorption and improve diabetes symptoms. Plant foods such as fruits and vegetables are one of the main sources of dietary fiber. Generally, the dietary fiber content of fruits and vegetables is 1% to 2%, and the dietary fiber content of apples after peeling is 1% to 1.5%. Dietary fiber will be lost to a certain extent. The dietary fiber content of the fruit pulp beverage of the present invention is 1.23%, the loss of dietary fiber in processing is very small, and the total amount is much higher than that of similar commodities. The calorie of the present invention is 120 kJ/100mL, and the calorie of similar commercial products is 150kJ/100mL~250kJ/100mL, so the compound pulp functional beverage of the present invention has low calorie.
综合上述检测结果可见,本发明低热量澳洲青苹与海沃德猕猴桃复合果肉功能饮料的感官检测、营养理化检测、卫生指标和微生物指标检测结果均符合GB 19297-2003《果、蔬汁饮料卫生标准》及NY 82.2-1988《果汁测定方法感官检验》各项指标的要求,且热量低膳食纤维含量高。Based on the above test results, it can be seen that the sensory test, nutritional physicochemical test, hygienic index and microbial index test results of the low-calorie Granny Smith apple and Hayward kiwi fruit composite pulp functional beverage of the present invention all conform to GB 19297-2003 "Fruit and Vegetable Juice Beverage Hygiene". Standard" and NY 82.2-1988 "Determination of Fruit Juice Sensory Test" and the requirements of various indicators, and low calorie dietary fiber content.
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