CN106069923B - A kind of application method for Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for using a benthic bait biological culture medium for river crab cultivation, which comprises pulverizing decomposed cow dung, pond mud, fruit peel, rice bran, sweet potato leaves, fluorspar powder, traditional Chinese medicine dregs, soybean meal and wine tank, and then mixing them with water Evenly, ferment after coating, then add EM bacteria, continue to ferment, add sodium humate, edible fungus residue, urea, vinegar, saccharin and pineapple flavor after cooling to room temperature, mix evenly, and steam dry to get the benthic bait for river crab culture Biological culture medium; dig a ring-shaped ditch around the pond, then add the benthic bait biological culture medium for river crab culture into the ring-shaped ditch, then fill the pond with water, and put in aquatic plants for planting, and then put in water worm seedlings and snails for breeding , 15-20d after throwing river crab seedlings. The prepared benthic bait biological medium for cultivating river crabs is used for cultivating benthic baits and aquatic plants, and then for cultivating river crabs, effectively reducing the cost of cultivating river crabs and improving the output and quality of river crabs.

Description

A kind of use method of the benthic bait biological culture medium for river crab culture

technical field

The invention relates to the field of aquaculture, in particular to a method for using a benthic bait biological culture medium for river crab cultivation.

Background technique

River crab culture usually adopts methods such as pond culture, paddy field culture, river ditch culture, lake culture and reservoir culture. These culture methods all need to be fed with a large amount of artificial feed to obtain better returns. Since the price of feed has risen sharply in recent years, the cost of breeding has increased significantly, and the loss of breeding has continued to expand. Therefore, it is very urgent to find a new method that can replace artificial feed for river crab farming.

Therefore urgently need to develop a kind of method that can effectively reduce river crab culture cost, and can improve river crab yield and quality to solve the problem existing in the existing actual culture process.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology, the present invention proposes a method for using a benthic bait biological culture medium for river crab cultivation, which can effectively reduce the cultivation cost of crabs and improve the yield and quality of crabs.

A kind of use method of the benthic bait biological culture medium that the present invention proposes is used for river crab cultivation, comprises the following steps: its formula ratio is counted by weight:

S1. Preparation of benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture: crush decomposed cow dung, pond mud, fruit peel, rice bran, sweet potato leaves, fluorspar powder, traditional Chinese medicine residue, soybean meal and wine tank into 50-150 mesh, then add water and mix evenly , control the water content to 40-50%, then pile it into a trapezoidal shape, 1-2m high, cover the surface with a film, ferment at 40-45°C for 15-20d, turn the pile 2-4 times during the fermentation process, and then add EM Mix the bacteria evenly, ferment at 38-42°C for 5-10 days, add sodium humate, edible mushroom residue, urea, vinegar, saccharin and pineapple flavor after cooling to room temperature ℃ steam drying to obtain a benthic bait biological culture medium for river crab culture with a water content of 15-20%;

S2: Use of benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture:

a. Dig a circular ditch at 2.5-3.5m away from the ridge foot around the pond, with a ditch width of 6-8m and a depth of 0.8-1m; the middle ditch is 1-1.5m wide and 0.5-0.6m deep; the ditch area accounts for 30-30% of the total pond area 40%, the entire ditch system is connected to each other, in the shape of a "well", with a slope ratio of 1:3-4;

b. Add the benthic bait biological culture medium of the river crab culture into the annular ditch, the amount of the benthic bait biological culture medium of the river crab culture is 500-800kg/667m ² , and then pour water into the pond, the water depth is 30-60cm , and put in aquatic plants for the planting of aquatic plants, the coverage rate of aquatic plants is 30-50%, then put in water earthworm seedlings and snails for breeding, and put in river crab seedlings after 15-20 days, and the amount of river crab seedlings is 480-520/667m ² .

Preferably, in S1, the raw materials of the benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture include by weight: 80-90 parts of decomposed cow dung, 28-32 parts of pond mud, 4-8 parts of fruit peel, 2-5 parts of rice bran, sweet potato 1-4 parts of leaves, 2-8 parts of fluorspar powder, 1-6 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue, 3-6 parts of soybean meal, 1-4 parts of wine tank, 3-6 parts of sodium humate, 2-5 parts of edible fungus residue, EM 1-5 parts of bacteria, 1-3 parts of urea, 1-3 parts of vinegar, 2-4 parts of saccharin, 1-4 parts of pineapple essence.

Preferably, in S1, among the raw materials of the benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture, the weight ratio of decomposed cow dung, pond mud, fruit peel, rice bran, sweet potato leaves, fluorspar powder, traditional Chinese medicine dregs, soybean meal and wine tank is 82-88 :29-31:5-7:3-4:2-3:3-7:2-5:4-5:2-3.

Preferably, in S1, among the raw materials of the benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture, the weight ratio of decomposed cow dung, pond mud, sodium humate, edible fungus residue and urea is 82-88:29-31:4-5 :3-4: 1.5-2.5.

Preferably, in S1, the raw materials of the benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture include by weight: 82-88 parts of decomposed cow dung, 29-31 parts of pond mud, 5-7 parts of fruit peel, 3-4 parts of rice bran, sweet potato 2-3 parts of leaves, 3-7 parts of fluorspar powder, 2-5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue, 4-5 parts of soybean meal, 2-3 parts of wine tank, 4-5 parts of sodium humate, 3-4 parts of edible fungus residue, EM 2-4 parts of bacteria, 1.5-2.5 parts of urea, 1.5-2.5 parts of vinegar, 2.5-3.5 parts of saccharin, 2-3 parts of pineapple essence.

Preferably, in S1, the raw materials of the benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture include by weight: 85 parts of decomposed cow dung, 30 parts of pond mud, 6 parts of fruit peel, 3.5 parts of rice bran, 2.5 parts of sweet potato leaves, and 5 parts of fluorspar powder , 3.5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue, 4.5 parts of soybean meal, 2.5 parts of wine tank, 4.5 parts of sodium humate, 3.5 parts of edible fungus residue, 3 parts of EM bacteria, 2 parts of urea, 2 parts of vinegar, 3 parts of saccharin, and 2.5 parts of pineapple essence.

Preferably, in S2, the species of the aquatic plants is Elodea or Hydrilla verticillium.

The present invention prepares the culture medium at the bottom of the pond for river crab cultivation. The raw materials of the culture medium include: decomposed cow dung, pond mud, fruit peel, rice bran, sweet potato leaves, fluorite powder, traditional Chinese medicine residue, soybean meal, wine tank, sodium humate, edible fungus Slag, EM bacteria, urea, vinegar, saccharin and pineapple essence are obtained through two fermentations, and then water earthworm seedlings and snails are cultivated in the culture medium, and aquatic plants are planted at the same time. Among them, the raw materials of the culture medium are decomposed cow dung and pond mud , fruit peel, rice bran, sweet potato leaves, fluorspar powder, traditional Chinese medicine dregs, soybean meal and wine tank provide rich organic nutrients and mineral elements for water earthworms and snails, edible fungus residues provide rich probiotics for water earthworms and snails, and after Fermented by EM bacteria, it is easier to grow aquatic plants after fermentation. Urea supplements rich nitrogen elements for the medium, which promotes the growth of aquatic plants. Larger particles, so it has colloidal properties and adsorption capacity, forms a good ion exchange and catalysis, and promotes the activation and absorption of feed ingredients; on the other hand, humic acid molecules are rich in nitrogen elements and have a strong absorption effect on amino groups , it makes full use of the non-protein ammonia in the feed, and the feed protein can be converted into muscle protein to a maximum extent. Ammonia gas is added to increase the fertilizer efficiency, effectively improve the fertilizer efficiency of the medium, and promote the growth of aquatic plants. The water earthworms, snails and aquatic plants produced in the medium are used for crab breeding, which greatly reduces the breeding cost of river crabs and improves the growth rate of aquatic plants. The yield and quality of river crabs, the water earthworms and snails grown in the culture medium can consume organic traces in the water, and the aquatic plants grown at the same time can greatly optimize the breeding environment of river crabs and improve the quality of river crabs.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. within the scope of protection of the invention.

Example 1

A kind of use method of the benthic bait biological culture medium that the present invention proposes is used for river crab cultivation, comprises the following steps: its formula ratio is counted by weight:

S1, the preparation of the benthic bait biological culture medium of river crab culture: 85 parts of decomposed cow dung, 30 parts of pond mud, 6 parts of fruit peel, 3.5 parts of rice bran, 2.5 parts of sweet potato leaves, 5 parts of fluorspar powder, 3.5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine by weight Dregs, 4.5 parts of soybean meal and 2.5 parts of wine tank were crushed into 100 meshes, then mixed with water to control the water content to 45%, and then piled into a trapezoidal shape with a height of 1.5m, covered with a film, fermented at 42.5°C for 17.5 days, and Turn the pile 3 times during the process, then add 3 parts of EM bacteria and mix evenly, ferment at 40°C for 7.5 days, after cooling to room temperature, add 4.5 parts of sodium humate, 3.5 parts of edible fungus residue, 2 parts of urea, 2 parts of vinegar, 3 parts of saccharin and 2.5 parts of pineapple essence were evenly mixed, and then placed in a dryer and dried with steam at 145°C to obtain a benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture with a water content of 17.5%;

S2: Use of benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture:

a. A ring-shaped ditch is dug around the pond at 3m away from the foot of the ridge. The ditch is 7m wide and 0.9m deep; the secondary ditch in the middle is 1.25m wide and 0.55m deep; the ditch area accounts for 35% of the total area of the pond. " font, the slope ratio is 1:3.5;

b. Add the benthic bait biological culture medium of the river crab culture into the annular ditch, the amount of the benthic bait biological culture medium of the river crab culture is 650kg/667m ² , then pour water into the pond, the water depth is 45cm, and put in aquatic plants Elodea was planted, and the coverage rate of aquatic plants was 40%. Then water earthworm seedlings and snails were put in for breeding, and 17 days later, river crab seedlings were put in. The amount of river crab seedlings was 500/667m ² .

Example 2

A kind of use method of the benthic bait biological culture medium that the present invention proposes is used for river crab cultivation, comprises the following steps: its formula ratio is counted by weight:

S1, the preparation of the benthic bait biological medium of river crab culture: 80 parts of decomposed cow dung, 32 parts of pond mud, 4 parts of fruit peel, 5 parts of rice bran, 1 part of sweet potato leaf, 8 parts of fluorspar powder, and 1 part of Chinese medicine by weight The dregs, 6 parts of soybean meal and 1 part of wine tank were crushed into 150 mesh, then mixed with water to control the water content to 40%, and then piled into a trapezoidal shape with a height of 2m, covered with a film, and fermented at 40°C for 20 days. Turn the pile twice in the middle, then add 5 parts of EM bacteria and mix evenly, ferment at 38°C for 10 days, after cooling to room temperature, add 3 parts of sodium humate, 5 parts of edible fungus residue, 1 part of urea, 3 parts of vinegar, and 2 parts of saccharin Mix evenly with 4 parts of pineapple essence, then place in a dryer and dry with steam at 140°C to obtain a benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture with a water content of 20%;

S2: Use of benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture:

a. A circular ditch is dug around the pond at 2.5m away from the foot of the ridge. The ditch is 8m wide and 0.8m deep; the secondary ditch in the middle is 1.5m wide and 0.5m deep; the ditch area accounts for 40% of the total area of the pond, and the entire ditch system is interconnected, showing a " "Well" shape, the slope ratio is 1:3;

b. Add the benthic bait biological culture medium of the river crab culture into the annular ditch, the consumption of the benthic bait biological culture medium of the river crab culture is 800kg/667m ² , then pour water into the pond, the water depth is 30cm, and put in aquatic plants Hydrilla verticillium was planted, and the coverage rate of aquatic plants was 50%, and then water earthworm seedlings and snails were put in for breeding, and river crab seedlings were put in after ¹⁵ days.

Example 3

A kind of use method of the benthic bait biological culture medium that the present invention proposes is used for river crab cultivation, comprises the following steps: its formula proportion is counted in parts by weight:

S1, the preparation of the benthic bait biological culture medium of river crab culture: 90 parts of decomposed cow dung, 28 parts of pond mud, 8 parts of fruit peel, 2 parts of rice bran, 4 parts of sweet potato leaves, 2 parts of fluorspar powder, 6 parts of traditional Chinese medicine by weight Dregs, 3 parts of soybean meal and 4 parts of wine tank were crushed into 50 mesh, then mixed with water to control the water content to 50%, and then piled into a trapezoidal shape with a height of 1m, covered with a film, and fermented at 45°C for 15 days. Turn the pile 4 times, then add 1 part of EM bacteria and mix evenly, ferment at 42°C for 5 days, after cooling to room temperature, add 6 parts of sodium humate, 2 parts of edible fungus residue, 3 parts of urea, 1 part of vinegar, 4 parts of saccharin Mix evenly with 1 part of pineapple essence, and then place it in a dryer and dry it with steam at 150°C to obtain a benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture with a water content of 15%;

S2: Use of benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture:

a. A circular ditch is dug around the pond at a distance of 3.5m from the foot of the ridge. The ditch is 6m wide and 1m deep; the secondary ditch in the middle is 1m wide and 0.6m deep; the ditch area accounts for 30% of the total area of the pond, and the entire ditch system is interconnected, forming a "well" font, slope ratio is 1:4;

b. Add the benthic bait biological culture medium of the river crab culture into the annular ditch, the amount of the benthic bait biological culture medium of the river crab culture is 500kg/667m ² , then pour water into the pond, the water depth is 60cm, and put in aquatic plants Elodea was planted, and the coverage rate of aquatic plants was 30%. Then water earthworm seedlings and snails were put in for breeding, and river crab seedlings were put in after ²⁰ days.

Example 4

A kind of use method of the benthic bait biological culture medium that the present invention proposes is used for river crab cultivation, comprises the following steps: its formula ratio is counted by weight:

S1, the preparation of the benthic bait biological medium of river crab culture: 82 parts of decomposed cow dung, 31 parts of pond mud, 5 parts of fruit peel, 4 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of sweet potato leaves, 7 parts of fluorspar powder, and 2 parts of traditional Chinese medicine by weight The dregs, 5 parts of soybean meal and 2 parts of wine tank were crushed into 120 mesh, then mixed with water to control the water content to 42%, and then piled into a trapezoidal shape with a height of 1.8m, covered with a film, and fermented at 41°C for 19 days. Turn the pile twice during the process, then add 2 parts of EM bacteria and mix evenly, ferment at 41°C for 6 days, after cooling to room temperature, add 5 parts of sodium humate, 3 parts of edible fungus residue, 2.5 parts of urea, 1.5 parts of vinegar, 3.5 parts The saccharin and 2 parts of pineapple essence are mixed evenly, and then placed in a dryer and dried with steam at 148°C to obtain a benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture with a water content of 16%;

S2: Use of benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture:

a. A circular ditch is dug around the pond at 2.8m away from the foot of the ridge. The ditch is 7.5m wide and 0.8m deep; the secondary ditch in the middle is 1.4m wide and 0.52m deep; the ditch area accounts for 38% of the total area of the pond, and the entire ditch system is interconnected, showing "Well" shape, the slope ratio is 1:3;

b. Add the benthic bait biological culture medium of the river crab culture into the annular ditch, the amount of the benthic bait biological culture medium of the river crab culture is 700kg/667m ² , then pour water into the pond, the water depth is 35cm, and put in aquatic plants Hydra verticillium was planted, and the coverage rate of aquatic plants was 45%, and then water earthworm seedlings and snails were put in for breeding, and 16 days later, river crab seedlings were put in, and the amount of river crab seedlings was 510/667m ² .

Example 5

A kind of use method of the benthic bait biological culture medium that the present invention proposes is used for river crab cultivation, comprises the following steps: its formula ratio is counted by weight:

S1, the preparation of the benthic bait biological culture medium of river crab culture: 88 parts of decomposed cow dung, 29 parts of pond mud, 7 parts of fruit peel, 3 parts of rice bran, 3 parts of sweet potato leaves, 3 parts of fluorspar powder, 5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine by weight Dregs, 4 parts of soybean meal and 3 parts of wine tank were crushed into 80 meshes, then mixed with water to control the water content to 48%, and then piled into a trapezoidal shape with a height of 1.2m, covered with a film, and fermented at 44°C for 16 days. Turn the pile 4 times during the process, then add 2 parts of EM bacteria and mix evenly, ferment at 41°C for 6 days, after cooling to room temperature, add 5 parts of sodium humate, 3 parts of edible fungus residue, 2.5 parts of urea, 1.5 parts of vinegar, 3.5 parts The saccharin and 2 parts of pineapple essence are mixed evenly, and then placed in a dryer and dried with steam at 148°C to obtain a benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture with a water content of 16%;

S2: Use of benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture:

a. A circular ditch is dug around the pond at a distance of 3.4m from the foot of the ridge. The ditch is 6.5m wide and 0.9m deep; the secondary ditch in the middle is 1.1m wide and 0.58m deep; the ditch area accounts for 32% of the total area of the pond. "Well" shape, the slope ratio is 1:4;

b. Add the benthic bait biological culture medium of the river crab culture into the annular ditch, the amount of the benthic bait biological culture medium of the river crab culture is 600kg/667m ² , then pour water into the pond, the water depth is 55cm, and put in aquatic plants Elodea was planted, and the coverage rate of aquatic plants was 35%, and then water earthworm seedlings and snails were put in for breeding, and river crab seedlings were put in after ¹⁹ days.

In March 2016, river crabs were cultured using the method for using the benthic bait biological medium for river crab culture described in Embodiment 1-Example 5 of the present invention, and a blank control group was set. The blank control group used Ordinary river crabs were raised on feed without any treatment in the water. The river crabs were caught in August 2016. The data on increased crab production and cost input are as follows in Table 1:

According to the above data, the use method of the benthic bait biological culture medium for river crab culture of the present invention is used to cultivate river crabs, which not only effectively reduces the culture cost of river crabs, but also effectively improves the yield and culture efficiency of river crabs.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any person familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention Any equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concepts thereof shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of application method for Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation, which is characterized in that include the following steps： Its formula rate is counted in parts by weight：

The preparation of S1, Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation：By decomposed cow dung, pond sludge, pericarp, rice bran, sweet potato leaves, fluorine Mountain flour, Chinese medicine slag, dregs of beans and vinasse are ground into 50-150 mesh, are then mixed with water, and control water content is 40-50%, is connect Heap stepped cross, high 1-2m, surface is covered with film, and ferment 15-20d in 40-45 DEG C, turning 2-4 times during fermentation, so Afterwards be added EM bacterium be uniformly mixed, in 38-42 DEG C ferment 5-10d, after being cooled to room temperature be added sodium humate, edible fungi residues, urea, Vinegar, saccharin and flavoring pineapple essence are uniformly mixed, and are subsequently placed in dryer and are used 140-150 DEG C of steam drying, obtaining water content is The Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation of 15-20%；

S2：Use for Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation：

A, pond surrounding is from digging annular ditch, furrow width 6-8m, deep 0.8-1m at the foot 2.5-3.5m of the ridge；Intermediate furrow width 1-1.5m is deep 0.5-0.6m；Ditch area accounts for pond gross area 30-40%, and entire ditch system interconnects, and is in " well " font, and slope ratio is 1：3-4；

B, it is added the Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation into annular ditch, the bottom of the culture of Chinese mitten crab is dwelt bait life The dosage of object culture medium is 500-800kg/667m², then to pond water filling, depth of water 30-60cm, and the grass seeds progress that aborts Then the plantation of water plant, the coverage rate 30-50% of water plant launch water earthworm seedling and spiral shell are cultivated, river crab is launched after 15-20d The injected volume of seedling, river crab seedling is 480-520/667m²。

2. the application method according to claim 1 for Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation, feature exists In in S1, the raw material of Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation includes by weight：80-90 parts of decomposed cow dung, pond sludge 28-32 parts, 4-8 parts of pericarp, 2-5 parts of rice bran, 1-4 parts of sweet potato leaves, 2-8 parts of fluorspar powder, 1-6 parts of Chinese medicine slag, 3-6 parts of dregs of beans, wine 1-4 parts of slot, 3-6 parts of sodium humate, 2-5 parts of edible fungi residues, 1-5 parts of EM bacterium, 1-3 parts of urea, 1-3 parts of vinegar, 2-4 parts of saccharin, 1-4 parts of flavoring pineapple essence.

3. the application method according to claim 1 or 2 for Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation, feature It is, in S1, in the raw material of Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation, decomposed cow dung, pond sludge, pericarp, rice bran, sweet potato Leaf, fluorspar powder, Chinese medicine slag, dregs of beans and vinasse weight ratio be 82-88：29-31：5-7：3-4：2-3：3-7：2-5：4-5：2-3.

4. the application method according to claim 1 or 2 for Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation, feature It is, in S1, in the raw material of Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation, decomposed cow dung, pond sludge, sodium humate, edible mushroom The weight ratio of slag and urea is 82-88：29-31：4-5：3-4：1.5-2.5.

5. the application method according to claim 1 or 2 for Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation, feature It is, in S1, the raw material of Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation includes by weight：82-88 parts of decomposed cow dung, pond sludge 29-31 parts, 5-7 parts of pericarp, 3-4 parts of rice bran, 2-3 parts of sweet potato leaves, 3-7 parts of fluorspar powder, 2-5 parts of Chinese medicine slag, 4-5 parts of dregs of beans, wine 2-3 parts of slot, 4-5 parts of sodium humate, 3-4 parts of edible fungi residues, 2-4 parts of EM bacterium, 1.5-2.5 parts of urea, 1.5-2.5 parts of vinegar, sugar 2.5-3.5 parts smart, 2-3 parts of flavoring pineapple essence.

6. the application method according to claim 1 or 2 for Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation, feature It is, in S1, the raw material of Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation includes by weight：85 parts of decomposed cow dung, pond sludge 30 Part, 6 parts of pericarp, 3.5 parts of rice bran, 2.5 parts of sweet potato leaves, 5 parts of fluorspar powder, 3.5 parts of Chinese medicine slag,

4.5 parts of dregs of beans, 2.5 parts of vinasse, 4.5 parts of sodium humate, 3.5 parts of edible fungi residues, 3 parts of EM bacterium, 2 parts of urea, 2 parts of vinegar, 3 parts of saccharin, 2.5 parts of flavoring pineapple essence.

7. the application method according to claim 1 or 2 for Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation, feature It is, in S2, the type of the water plant is waterweed or hydrilla verticillata.