CN106064421B

CN106064421B - A method for forming complex ceramic parts based on the principle of spraying wax

Info

Publication number: CN106064421B
Application number: CN201610371847.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕志刚; 胡可辉; 魏亚蒙; 刘伟
Original assignee: Tsinghua University
Current assignee: Tsinghua University
Priority date: 2016-05-30
Filing date: 2016-05-30
Publication date: 2019-02-22
Anticipated expiration: 2036-05-30
Also published as: CN106064421A

Abstract

A kind of complicated ceramic part forming method based on wax spray rapid hardening principle, belongs to melted module precise casting technology field.This method generates the three-dimensional entity model of wax-pattern in a computer with 3D sculpting software first, then a series of thin layers with a thickness of 0.02~2.00mm are divided into delamination software, obtain every layer of shape, the wax-pattern chamber for forming 1~5mm high is successively accumulated by wax spray technology, the ceramic slurry prepared is filled in die cavity, Vltrasonic device auxiliary slurry levelling is used during filled therewith, it repeats to add up and forms the ceramic body wrapped up by wax-pattern later, heat treatment removal wax-pattern is simultaneously sintered, and ultimately forms ceramic objects.The characteristics of this method rapid shaping technique is easily fabricated complex shape part, combines with the high-precision feature of lost-wax casting, in addition segmentation injection ceramic slurry overcomes the defect of traditional grouting process, can solve the complicated ceramic structures manufacture problem of high-precision.Realize the Non-mould shaping of the complicated ceramic component of high-precision.

Description

A kind of complicated ceramic part forming method based on wax spray rapid hardening principle

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of molding new processes of ceramic component, are based especially on the complexity ceramics zero of wax spray rapid hardening principle The molding process of part, belongs to melted module precise casting technology field.

Background technique

Ceramic material has many characteristics, such as that intensity is high, wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, high rigidity, is one of most important engineering material, In aerospace, petrochemical industry, defence and military and the fields extensive application such as civilian.Traditional preparation process is to utilize mold Green body is made in dusty material, obtains ceramic component using high temperature sintering, this forming method is limited by Mold Making, Development and demand that ceramic component fining complicates are constrained significantly.The 3D printing technique that developed recently gets up forms material Realize the production of no modelling.

Wax spray 3D printing technique is a kind of quick shaping process to grow up for wax-loss casting process, is original with full wax Material, using three-dimensional wax spray printing technique, amorphism limitation, precision is high, and it is smooth to build product surface, suitable for hot investment casting plus Work.

Traditional ceramic material injection forming, injection-compression molding are high to the performance requirement of ceramic slurry, need to apply outer strip Part easily causes filling discontented the defects of generating cavity for the fine structure of mould inside.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the restriction of complicated ceramic part mold, the defect of traditional injection forming, injection-compression molding, the present invention are solved A kind of complicated ceramic part forming method based on wax spray rapid hardening principle, the high-precision and 3D of this method combination lost-wax casting are provided The characteristics of part complexity can be achieved is printed, it is made to produce the ceramic component that complex-shaped, precision is high, surface quality is good, And wax-pattern wraps up green body disposal molding.

The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:

A kind of complicated ceramic part forming method based on wax spray rapid hardening principle, this method are original with paraffin and ceramic slurry Material, it is characterised in that itself the following steps are included:

1) three-dimensional data model of wax-pattern is constructed, and converts STL formatted file for data model；

2) layered shaping is done with the delamination software of wax spray rapid prototyping system itself, thickness is 0.02~2.00mm；

3) every layer of wax-pattern chamber height is set, i.e., the wax spray number of plies in each " wax spray-slip casting " period forms the wax-pattern of 1~5mm Chamber；

4) quick-acting binder that 5%~25% is added in ceramic powders, is configured to ceramic slurry, ceramic slurry is injected In wax-pattern chamber；

5) step 3)~4 are repeated), obtain the ceramic body by parafilm wrap；

6) ceramic body of parafilm wrap is dried, is put into high temperature furnace and carries out dewaxing and high temperature sintering processing, Obtain ceramic objects.

In above-mentioned technical proposal, the ceramic powders are SiO₂、Al₂O₃、ZrO₂And Y₂O₃One or more of mixing, Its granularity is 200 mesh~10000 mesh.

Preferably, during ceramic slurry being injected wax-pattern chamber in step 4), using Vltrasonic device auxiliary slurry levelling.

In step 6) of the invention, the drying of the ceramic body includes air drying, freeze-drying, vacuum drying or micro- Wave is dry；Dewaxing temperature is 400~800 DEG C, and high temperature sintering temperature is 1000~1600 DEG C.

The present invention has the following advantages that and the technical effect of high-lighting: the present invention is made pottery using wax spray 3D printing and subsection filling Porcelain slurry combines, and has both broken limitation of the mold for complicated shape, realize ceramic material without mould precision manufactureing, and can It realizes the disposable green body for forming wax-pattern package, solves the problems, such as that fine structure is also easy to produce cavity defect, shape can be produced Ceramic component complicated, precision is high, surface quality is good, simplifies the technological process of production, substantially increases production efficiency.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is process flow chart of the invention.

Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional entity model figure and sectional view of wax-pattern.

Fig. 3 is the ceramic part illustraton of model of the corresponding manufacture of wax-pattern.

Fig. 4 (a) -4 (e) is multistep molding schematic diagram.

In figure: 1- wax spray spray head；2- wax mould shell；3- slip casting pressure head；4- ultrasonic wave added leveling device；5- injects wax mould shell Ceramic slurry.Black portions are ceramic slurry.

The present invention is described in further detail for the example provided below in conjunction with attached drawing and inventor.

Specific embodiment

The present invention is further described with specific implementation example with reference to the accompanying drawing.

As shown in fig. 1, a kind of complicated ceramic part forming method based on wax spray rapid hardening principle provided by the invention, Specifically comprise the following steps:

First using the three-dimensional data model of Pro/E or Solidworks software construction wax-pattern, data model is as shown in Figure 2 (Fig. 3 is the ceramic part that wax-pattern shown in Fig. 2 is formed).Model shown in Fig. 2 is then stored as STL formatted file.In next step Layered shaping is done using the delamination software of wax spray rapid prototyping system itself, sets every thickness degree namely every section of wax-pattern cavity Highly, thickness is generally 0.02~2.00mm；According to the requirement of Part Surface Roughness, selection is printed needed for single layer wax-pattern cavity The wax spray number of plies wanted imports processing data in fabrication schedule.

The practical preparatory phase of ceramic part is subsequently entered, this stage first step adds 5%~25% in ceramic powders Quick-acting binder, be configured to ceramic slurry, the ceramic powders are SiO₂、Al₂O₃、ZrO₂And Y₂O₃One or more of Mixing, granularity be 200 mesh~10000 mesh.Quick-acting binder includes rapidly-dried silica sol, silester, waterglass；Second step Ceramic slurry is added in spreading system, wherein spreading system is by material storing box and sprinkler composition；Third step is set in a computer Technological parameter is set, starts to carry out " wax spray-slip casting " step.Cere cavity such as Fig. 4 of certain altitude is prepared after a period of time (a) shown in, wax spray program is temporarily ceased, and adjuvant systems start at this time, and filling enters ceramic slurry in the wax-pattern cavity of formation The structure of Fig. 4 (b) such as is formed to complete.Since cere cavity height is low, the ceramic slurry total amount for filling entrance is small, can be by super The homogenization that sound auxiliary leveling device 4 effectively promotes ceramic slurry to be distributed, is also beneficial to the exclusion of bubble in slurry, is conducive to The raising of the final mass of ceramic part completes primary " wax spray-slip casting " operation at this time.It is opened again after filled therewith, levelling Beginning " wax spray-slip casting " operation, shown in the wax-pattern cavity such as Fig. 4 (c) for preparing certain altitude again on the basis of original wax-pattern, Filling enters ceramic slurry formation and completes to operate next time " wax spray-slip casting " as shown in Fig. 4 (d) in this wax-pattern cavity.So Duplicate printing wax-pattern, fills the process of slurry, finally prepares the ceramic part of wax-pattern package.Subsequently enter post-processing rank The ceramic body that wax-pattern wraps up is dried, dewaxes, high temperature sintering step by section, and dewaxing temperature is 400~800 DEG C, and high temperature is burnt Junction temperature is 1000~1600 DEG C.Removing surface finally is carried out to molded article and obtains ceramic component (Fig. 3).

Claims

1. a method for forming complex ceramic parts based on the principle of spray wax quick-setting, the method takes paraffin wax and ceramic slurry as raw materials, and is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:

1) Construct the 3D data model of the wax model, and convert the data model into STL format file;

2) Use the layering software of the wax spray rapid prototyping system to do layering processing, and the layer thickness is 0.02 ~ 2.00mm;

3) The height of the wax mold cavity is set according to the surface roughness of the part, and the height of each wax mold cavity is set to 1-5mm;

4) Add 5% to 25% quick-drying binder to the ceramic powder, prepare the ceramic slurry, and add the ceramic slurry to the paving system;

5) Set the process parameters in the computer, start the wax spraying step, and prepare a section of wax mold cavity;

6) The ceramic slurry is injected into the wax mold cavity prepared in step 5) by using a material spreading system, and an ultrasonic device is used to assist the leveling of the slurry;

7) On the basis of completing one "spray wax-grouting" operation, repeat steps 5) to 6) to obtain a ceramic body wrapped by paraffin;

8) Dry the paraffin-wrapped ceramic body, put it into a high-temperature furnace for dewaxing and high-temperature sintering, and obtain a ceramic part.

2 . The method for forming complex ceramic parts based on the principle of spraying wax and quick-setting according to claim 1 , wherein the ceramic powder described in the step 4) is SiO ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ , ZrO ₂ . 3 . It is mixed with one or more of Y ₂ O ₃ , and its particle size is 200 meshes to 10000 meshes.

3. A method for forming complex ceramic parts based on the principle of spraying wax and quick-setting according to claim 1, wherein the drying of the ceramic body in step 8) comprises room temperature drying, freeze drying, vacuum drying or microwave drying Drying; dewaxing temperature is 400~800℃, high temperature sintering temperature is 1000~1600℃.