CN106058442A - Antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an antenna, which comprises a feed network layer, a radiation layer and a parasitic layer positioned between the feed network layer and the radiation layer; the feed network layer comprises a wiring structure and a plurality of metal points; a first radiation sheet is arranged on the radiation layer; the first radiation piece is electrically connected with the wiring structure through the feed column, and the first radiation piece is electrically connected with a first metal point in the plurality of metal points through the first conductive column; the parasitic layer is connected with a second metal point in the plurality of metal points through a second conductive column; the wiring structure is wave-shaped, and an opening is formed in the first radiation piece. The antenna has the characteristics of high bandwidth and low profile.

Description

an antenna

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of communications, in particular to an antenna.

Background technique

Antennas are the main components for communication, and antennas with different characteristics need to be used for different frequency bands. For example, for the mobile communication band GSM 900 with a lower frequency (698-960MHz), if a half-wave vibrator antenna is used, its size is relatively large, which limits its scope of use; if a microstrip half-wave patch antenna is used , there is also the problem of large size; if a PIFA antenna with a small size is used, its bandwidth will be narrow and it will not be able to cover all the frequency bands of GSM 900.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an antenna to solve the problems of narrow bandwidth and large size of the antenna in the prior art.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes an antenna, including: a feed network layer, a radiation layer, and a parasitic layer located between the feed network layer and the radiation layer; the feed network layer includes a wiring structure and a plurality of metal points; the radiation layer is provided with a first radiation sheet; the first radiation sheet is electrically connected to the wiring structure through a feeding column, and the first radiation sheet is connected to the plurality of metal points The first metal point in the points is electrically connected through the first conductive column; the parasitic layer is connected with the second metal point in the plurality of metal points through the second conductive column; the wiring structure is wave-shaped, and the Openings are arranged on the first radiation sheet.

Wherein, the opening includes a U-shaped groove and/or an L-shaped groove.

Wherein, a second radiation sheet is further arranged on the radiation layer, a second radiation sheet is further arranged on the radiation layer, and the second radiation sheet and the third metal point among the plurality of metal points pass through a third Conductive post connection.

Wherein, the first radiating sheet is provided with a corner-cutting structure.

Wherein, an insulating support is provided between the parasitic layer and the feed network layer.

Wherein, the feed network layer is arranged on a grounded metal layer, and the plurality of metal points are connected to the metal layer.

Wherein, the distance between the feed network layer and the parasitic layer is 0.063λg˜0.077λg, the distance between the parasitic layer and the radiation layer is 0.019λg˜0.023λg, and the λg is the antenna wavelength.

Wherein, the length of the parasitic layer is 0.275λg˜0.335λg, and the width is 0.088λg˜0.106λg, and the λg is the antenna wavelength.

Wherein, the distance between the feeding post and the first short-circuiting post is 0.026λg˜0.030λg, and the λg is the wavelength of the antenna.

Wherein, the feeding column is cylindrical, the diameter of the feeding column is 0.014λg˜0.016λg, and the λg is the wavelength of the antenna.

The antenna of the present invention includes a feed network layer, a radiation layer, and a parasitic layer positioned between the feed network layer and the radiation layer; the feed network layer includes a routing area and a non-routing area provided with a routing structure, and on the radiation layer A first radiating sheet is provided; the first radiating sheet is connected to the routing structure through a feeding post, and the first radiating sheet is connected to the non-tracing area through a first short-circuit post; the parasitic layer is connected to the non-tracing area through a conductive post; The wire structure is wave-shaped, and openings are arranged on the first radiation sheet. Through the arrangement of the parasitic layer, the design of the wave-shaped routing and the design of the opening on the radiation sheet, the antenna of the present invention has the characteristics of high broadband and low profile.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the antenna of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a front view of an embodiment of the antenna of the present invention shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding network layer in an embodiment of the antenna shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation layer in an embodiment of the antenna shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a parasitic layer in an embodiment of the antenna shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a graph showing the magnitude of the return loss of an embodiment of the antenna shown in Fig. 1 as a function of frequency;

Fig. 7 is a graph of VSWR varying with frequency in an embodiment of the antenna shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is a graph showing the variation of gain with frequency in an embodiment of the antenna shown in Fig. 1;

FIG. 9 is a gain pattern diagram of an embodiment of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 at different frequencies.

detailed description

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, an antenna provided by the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 first. FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of the antenna of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view of an embodiment of the antenna of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 .

The antenna 100 in this embodiment includes a feed network layer 11 , a radiation layer 12 , and a parasitic layer 13 located between the feed network layer 11 and the radiation layer 12 .

Please refer to Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feed network layer in an embodiment of the antenna shown in Fig. 1. In Fig. 3, the feed network layer 11 includes a wiring structure 111 and a plurality of metal points. There are at least three metal points on the network layer, including a first metal point B ₁ , a second metal point C ₁ and a third metal point D ₁ . Specifically, the feed network layer 11 is a printed circuit board, and the trace structure 111 and the metal point are printed on the same metal on the PCB, so the trace structure 111 and the metal point are located on the feed network layer 11 on the same side.

The feed network layer 11 adopts a 50Ω wiring design, which can be directly connected to conventional SMA, BNC, TNC, N-type connectors with an input impedance of 50Ω, which is convenient for debugging. Moreover, the routing structure 111 is designed in a wave shape, which can effectively reduce the length dimension in a certain direction, and the length of the routing structure 111 is 0.3λg, allowing a certain error.

The grounding protection of the antenna 100 is realized through a grounded metal layer 17, the feed network layer 11 is arranged on the metal layer 17, the other side of which is not provided with the wiring structure 111 is in contact with the metal layer 17, and a plurality of metal points It is also in contact with the metal layer 17 . The length and width of the metal layer 17 are both 1.1λg˜0.9λg. That is to say, with 1λg as the design size, a certain error is allowed during production.

A radiation layer 12 is arranged above the feeding network layer 11, and the distance between them is 0.019λg˜0.023λg, preferably 0.021λg. Please refer to FIG. 4 for details. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the radiation layer in an embodiment of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 .

The radiating layer 12 includes a first radiating sheet 121. The first radiating sheet 121 has a feeding point A ₂ . The corresponding wiring structure 111 is also provided with a feeding point A ₁ . Between the feeding points A ₁ and A ₂ A feeding post 14 is arranged between them, and the first radiation sheet 121 is connected to the wiring structure 111 through the feeding post 14 .

There is also a first ground point B ₂ on the first radiating sheet 121, corresponding to the first metal point B ₁ on the feed network layer 11, also set between the first metal point B ₁ and the first ground point B ₂ There is a first conductive column 151 , and the first radiation sheet 121 is connected to the feed network layer 11 through the first conductive column 151 .

The opening 123 is provided on the first radiation piece 121, and the current path is changed by increasing the gap, and a new resonance is introduced to widen the working bandwidth. Specifically, the opening 123 includes a U-shaped groove and an L-shaped groove. The width of the opening 123 in this embodiment is designed to be 0.011λg, and an error is allowed. In addition, a corner-cutting structure 124 is further provided on the first radiation sheet 121, which can improve the standing wave of the antenna. The angle θ of this cutting angle is arccos0.778, and production error is allowed.

A second radiation sheet 122 is further disposed on the radiation layer 12 , and there is a certain distance between the second radiation sheet 122 and the first radiation sheet 121 . The second radiating sheet 122 has a second ground point C ₂ , corresponding to the second metal point C ₁ on the feed network layer 11, and also between the second metal point C ₁ and the second ground point C ₂ The second conductive pillar 152 connects the second radiation sheet 122 to the feed network layer 11 through the second conductive pillar 152 .

The parasitic layer 13 is arranged between the feed network layer 11 and the radiation layer 12 to improve the end-fire property of the antenna. Please refer to FIG. 5 for details. FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a parasitic layer in an embodiment of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 .

The distance between the parasitic layer 13 and the feeding network layer 11 is 0.063λg˜0.077λg, preferably 0.07λg. The parasitic layer 13 itself has a length of 0.275λg˜0.335λg, preferably 0.305λg, and a width of 0.088λg˜0.106λg, preferably 0.097λg.

A third ground point D ₃ is set on the parasitic layer 13, corresponding to the third metal point D ₁ on the feed network layer 11, and a third ground point D 3 is also set between the third metal point D ₁ and the third ground point D ₃ . Three conductive pillars 153 , the parasitic layer 13 and the feeding network layer 11 are connected through the third conductive pillars 153 .

In addition, in order to realize the stable support of the parasitic layer 13 on the feed network layer 11 , mounting holes M and M ₃ are provided between them, and an insulating support 16 is provided through the mounting holes. Of course, the insulating supporting member 16 may also not be provided through the mounting holes, but directly formed on the feeding network layer 11 to support the parasitic layer 13 .

The above-mentioned feed post 14 and the first conductive post 151, the second conductive post 152, and the third conductive post 153 are connected and also play a certain supporting role, and they can all be made of the same conductive material. Good copper, while the insulating support 16 is made of plastic.

Moreover, the distance between the feed post 14 and the first conductive post 151 is 0.026λg˜0.030λg, preferably 0.028λg. The feeding column 14 is cylindrical, and the diameter of the feeding column 14 is 0.014λg˜0.016λg, preferably 0.015λg. λg mentioned above is the antenna wavelength.

The antenna in this embodiment includes a feed network layer, a radiation layer, and a parasitic layer between the feed network layer and the radiation layer; the feed network layer includes a routing area and a non-routing area provided with a routing structure, and the radiation layer A first radiating sheet is arranged on the top; the first radiating sheet is connected to the wiring structure through a feeding post, the first radiating sheet is connected to the non-tracing area through a first short-circuit post; the parasitic layer is connected to the non-tracing area through a conductive post; The wiring structure is wave-shaped, and openings are arranged on the first radiation sheet. Through the arrangement of the parasitic layer, the design of the wave-shaped routing and the design of the opening on the radiation sheet, the antenna of the present invention has the characteristics of high broadband and low profile.

In addition, the antenna 100 in this embodiment is based on a modified structure of a traditional PIFA antenna, and has the characteristics of high bandwidth and small size. It can be applied to the field of mobile communication and covers the frequency band GSM900 (698-960MHz).

Based on the application of the antenna 100 in the frequency band 698-960 MHz, the performance test of the antenna 100 of this embodiment is carried out, and the return loss, VSWR, and gain of the antenna 100 vary with frequency, as well as the gain pattern at different frequencies. , specifically,

For the amplitude |S11| of the return loss S11 of the antenna 100, please refer to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the amplitude of the return loss of an embodiment of the antenna shown in FIG. Wherein, |S ₁₁ |<-9dB is satisfied in the 698-960MHz frequency band, and |S ₁₁ |≈-20dB at the center frequency of 830MHz, and the resonance is deep. Therefore, |S ₁₁ |<-9dB is satisfied within the frequency band of 698-960MHz, and the antenna 100 meets the usage requirement.

For the standing wave ratio VSER of the antenna, please refer to FIG. 7 , which is a graph of VSWR varying with frequency in an embodiment of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 . In the frequency band of 698-960 MHz, the standing wave ratio satisfies VSER<2.5, and the antenna 100 meets the usage requirements.

For the gain Gain of the antenna, please refer to FIG. 8 . FIG. 8 is a graph showing the variation of gain with frequency in an embodiment of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 . Wherein, in the frequency band of 698-960 MHz, the gain Gain satisfies Gain≥2.8 dB, and at the frequency of 780 MHz, Gain≈5.2 dB, and the antenna 100 meets the use requirements.

In FIGS. 6 to 8 above, Freq represents a frequency.

For the gain direction of the antenna, please refer to FIG. 9 . FIG. 9 is a gain direction diagram of an embodiment of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 at different frequencies.

Wherein, FIG. 9(a) shows the gain pattern of the antenna 100 at a frequency of 698 MHz, and the figure includes lines representing the H plane and the E plane of the antenna. It can be seen that the H plane is omnidirectional.

FIG. 9( b ) shows the gain pattern of the antenna 100 at a frequency of 824 MHz. It can be seen from the figure that the H plane is omnidirectional.

Fig. 9(c) shows the gain pattern of the antenna 100 at a frequency of 840 MHz. It can be seen from the figure that the H plane is omnidirectional, and the E plane has "∞", which has better radiation characteristics.

FIG. 9( d ) shows the gain pattern of the antenna 100 at a frequency of 940MHz. It can be seen from the figure that the H plane is omnidirectional, and the E plane is "∞" type, which has better radiation characteristics.

FIG. 9( e ) shows the gain pattern of the antenna 100 at a frequency of 960 MHz. It can be seen from the figure that the H plane is omnidirectional.

It can be seen from the above analysis that the antenna 100 in this embodiment has better performance in the frequency band of 698-960 MHz, and meets the usage requirements.

The above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process conversion made by using the description of the present invention and the contents of the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technologies fields, all of which are equally included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. an antenna, it is characterised in that described antenna includes: transmission network network layers, radiating layer, and it is positioned at described feeding network Parasitic layer between layer and described radiating layer；

Described transmission network network layers includes Wiring structure and multiple metal dots；The first radiation fin it is provided with on described radiating layer；Described First radiation fin is electrically connected by feeder pillar with described Wiring structure, the in described first radiation fin and the plurality of metal dots One metal dots is electrically connected by the first conductive pole；Described parasitic layer passes through second with the second metal dots in the plurality of metal dots Conductive pole connects；

Described Wiring structure is waveform, and described first radiation fin is provided with opening.

Antenna the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described opening includes U-lag and/or L-shaped groove.

Antenna the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be further provided with the second radiation fin on described radiating layer, Described second radiation fin is connected by the 3rd conductive pole with the 3rd metal dots in the plurality of metal dots.

Antenna the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with corner cut structure on described first radiation fin.

Antenna the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with between described parasitic layer and described transmission network network layers Insulated support.

Antenna the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described transmission network network layers is arranged on the metal level of ground connection, The plurality of metal dots connects described metal level.

Antenna the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described transmission network network layers with the spacing of described parasitic layer is 0.063 λ g～0.077 λ g, described parasitic layer is 0.019 λ g～0.023 λ g with the spacing of described radiating layer, and described λ g is antenna Wavelength.

Antenna the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that a length of 0.275 λ g～0.335 λ g of described parasitic layer, Width is 0.088 λ g～0.106 λ g, and described λ g is antenna wavelength.

Antenna the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described feeder pillar with the spacing of described first conductive pole is 0.026 λ g～0.030 λ g, described λ g are antenna wavelength.

Antenna the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described feeder pillar is cylindrical, and described feeder pillar is a diameter of 0.014 λ g～0.016 λ g, described λ g are antenna wavelength.