CN106045679A - A kind of preparation method of special organic compound biological fertilizer for peanut - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic compound biological fertilizer special for peanuts, which is prepared by taking crushed straws and cow dung as solid organic materials, adding 5 per mill of an organic material decomposing agent with a specific decomposing effect and adding a proper amount of water, mixing the organic materials, keeping the water content at about 60%, and fermenting for 5-10 days at natural outdoor temperature to form a primary fertilizer. Then adding various nutrient elements in proper proportion and uniformly mixing with the fermentation material, adding a growth-promoting compound microbial inoculum special for peanuts in a proportion of 4 per mill, and uniformly mixing to obtain the biological fertilizer. The invention solves various defects existing in the simple application of chemical fertilizers, common organic fertilizers, farmyard manure and pure microbial fertilizers, fully combines the growth characteristics of peanuts in various periods and the requirements on nutrients, pays attention to the adjustment of the contradiction between the vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and is an efficient and high-quality organic compound biological fertilizer particularly suitable for the growth of the peanuts. Has a wide application prospect in the production and planting of peanuts.

Description

A kind of preparation method of special organic compound biological fertilizer for peanut

technical field

The invention relates to an organic composite biological fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, which is especially suitable for peanuts and belongs to the technical field of agricultural biological organic fertilizer preparation.

Background technique

At present, the annual use of chemical fertilizers in my country is about 130 million tons. The majority of farmers have always used chemical fertilizers. However, the disadvantages of long-term use of chemical fertilizers have followed, such as land compaction, chemical element residues, environmental pollution, etc. A series of problems surfaced. Chemical fertilizers can no longer meet the needs of sustainable development, let alone become the pillar of green agriculture. All countries are looking for countermeasures. Bio-organic fertilizer was born and became the second revolution of chemical fertilizer. Bio-organic fertilizer refers to a type of microbial fertilizer and organic fertilizer that is composed of specific functional microorganisms and organic materials that are mainly sourced from animal and plant residues (such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, etc.) and have been harmlessly treated and decomposed. Fertilizer with fertilizer effect.

Peanuts are mostly planted in hilly gravel soil, plain alluvial sandy soil, and southern red-yellow soil. These soils have a sandy texture, poor results, and low fertility. Simply applying chemical fertilizers can no longer meet the nutritional needs of peanuts. Bioorganic bacteria should be added. Only by fertilizing and improving the soil can high-quality and high-yield be obtained. Peanut is a leguminous crop, it has root nodules, and peanut rhizobia have a strong ability to fix nitrogen. Experiments have shown that during the growth of peanuts, attention should be paid to adjusting the appropriate ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and there are certain differences between the north and the south. In addition, peanuts are calcium-loving crops, and the absorption of calcium is particularly large.

Contents of the invention

The special organic compound bio-fertilizer for peanuts of the present invention refers to the use of microbial technology to select and match bacteria with specific decomposing functions to make bacterial agents, use the bacterial agents to ferment solid organic materials into initial fertilizers, and then use the microbial agents to ferment solid organic materials into initial fertilizers, and then use the microbial technology It is a fertilizer made by adding macronutrients, micronutrients, etc., and compounded with special growth-promoting compound bacterial agents for peanuts. The product of the present invention makes full use of the characteristics of bacteria with decomposing function, ferments and decomposes various waste solid organic materials into fertilizers, turns waste into treasure, saves resources, and greatly reduces environmental pollution; it also adds a special growth-promoting bacterial agent for peanuts , this growth-promoting compound bacterial agent is based on consulting a large amount of information, conducting research and summarizing, selecting several beneficial microorganisms that have special effects on peanuts according to actual requirements, and then through actual repeated experiments, finally determine the optimal ratio of each microorganism to ensure peanuts Nutrient requirements at each stage. Through the interaction between various strains, it can stimulate plant growth, alleviate soil compaction, improve soil ecological environment, prevent and resist diseases, etc., so as to achieve the purpose of increasing production and high yield. The invention solves various disadvantages of simple application of chemical fertilizers, common organic fertilizers, farmyard manures and pure microbial bacterial fertilizers.

The product of the present invention selects decomposing bacteria agent, which adopts Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CICC10088, Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CICC2436, white rot fungus (Phanerochaetechrysosporium) ACCC30414, Trichoderma reesei (Trichoderma reesei) ACCC30449, thermophilic fat Bacillus (Geobacillus stearothermophilus) CICC10207 and other strains with special decomposing effect are compounded and fermented in appropriate proportions. All the selected strains can produce cellulase, ligninase, hemicellulase, waxy enzyme, pectinase and other biological enzymes. Waste organic materials are fermented and decomposed into fertilizers, turning waste into treasure, saving resources and greatly reducing environmental pollution.

The present invention selects the special growth-promoting compound bacteria agent for peanuts, which contains a large amount of beneficial microorganisms that have special effects on the growth and development of peanuts. It adopts Bacillus subtilis ACCC 01183, Bacillus pumilus CGMCC1.937 , Bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) ACCC 10010, Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) CICC10037, colloid bacillus (Bacillus mucilaginosus) CGMCC 1.153 and other bacteria fermentation broth mixed as a mixed bacterial agent, microbial composite bacteria prepared by re-fermentation agent. The present invention selects various bacterial strains after reviewing a large amount of literature, conducts research and summary, selects several beneficial microorganisms with special effects on the growth and development of peanuts according to actual requirements, and then through actual repeated experiments, finally determines the optimal ratio of each microorganism. So as to ensure the nutritional needs of peanuts at all stages.

The preparation method of the specific organic compound bio-fertilizer for peanuts of the present invention, the method comprises the steps of:

(1) Preparation of organic material decomposing agent

Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ^CICC10088 , Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CICC2436, white rot fungus (Phanerochaetechrysosporium) ACCC30414, Trichoderma reesei (Trichoderma reesei) ACCC30449, thermophilic The fermentation broth of Geobacillus stearothermophilus (Geobacillus stearothermophilus) CICC10207 was mixed uniformly in the ratio of 1.5～2.0:0.8～1.3:1.5～2.0:0.8～1.3:0.8～1.3, and then inoculated in the culture medium A containing compound bacterial agent In the fermenter, the inoculum amount is 5% of the total volume of the compound bacterial agent medium A, cultivated at 30°C for 4 to 7 days, so that the total number of bacteria in the fermentation liquid reaches ¹⁰⁸ /mL, and the organic material decomposing agent is obtained;

The formula of the compound microbial agent medium A is: 0.5-1.5 g/L of cornmeal, 15-17 g/L of corn stalk powder, 0.2-0.4 g/L of bran, 0.2-0.4 g/L of bean cake powder, and 4 mL/L of Vogel's mother liquor. 100mL, pH 6.0-8.0;

The concrete preparation process of step (1) is:

1. strain activation: the various strains are connected on the slant medium; Bacillus subtilis 28～32 ℃, pH is 7.2～7.4, and the culture time is 1～3 days; Aspergillus oryzae culture temperature 25～28 ℃, The pH is 6.0-6.5, and the culture time is 4-7 days; the culture temperature of white rot fungus is 25-28°C, and the culture time is 4-7 days; the culture temperature of Geobacillus stearothermophilus is 55-60°C, pH7.0-7.2 , cultivated for 2-3 days;

2. Primary strain cultivation: Inoculate the strains into 50mL conical flasks filled with liquid medium, the pH of the medium is 6.0-8.0, place the conical flasks into a shaking table for shaking culture, and the temperature is 30°C , shaking for 24-48 hours; using a hemocytometer to count, the number of strains in the bacterial solution reached 10 ⁸ /mL;

3. Secondary fermentation: Inoculate the strains into 1000mL Erlenmeyer flasks filled with liquid medium, the pH of the medium is 6.0-8.0, put it into a shaking table and shake at a temperature of 30°C for 48-72 hours; Thereby, Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ^CICC10088 , Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CICC2436, white rot fungus (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) ACCC30414, Trichodermareesei (Trichodermareesei) ACCC30449, Trichoderma reesei (Trichodermareesei) ACCC30449, and Bacillus subtilis (A. Geobacillus stearothermophilus CICC10207.

The slant culture medium formula is:

1. The slant medium formula used by Bacillus subtilis is: beef extract 1.0L, peptone 10g, NaCl 5.0g, agar 20.0-20.5g, pH7.2-7.4, preparation of beef extract: wash lean beef, cut crushed, weighed 550g and soaked in 1375mL water, soaked overnight, filtered, filtered and subpackaged at 0.6kgf/cm2 for 40min for later use.

2. The slant medium formula used by Aspergillus oryzae is: 5 0Be wort agar, 5 0Be wort 1.0L, agar 15.0g, natural pH.

3. The slant medium formula of white rot fungus is: PDA medium, take 200 grams of peeled potatoes, cut into small pieces, add 1000 ml of water and boil for 30 minutes to filter out the potato pieces, make up the filtrate to 1000 ml, add glucose 20 gram, 15 grams of agar, subpackage after melting, 15 pounds of sterilization for 30 minutes; natural pH.

4. The slant medium formula of Trichoderma reesei: the same as that of white rot fungus.

The liquid medium can be a slant medium without adding agar.

5. Formula of Geobacillus stearothermophilus slant medium: nutrient broth agar: 10.0 g peptone, 3.0 g beef extract, 5.0 g NaCl, 15.0 g agar, 1.0 L distilled water, pH 7.0.

(2) Mixing and fermentation

The organic material decomposing agent prepared in step (1) is mixed according to the ratio of 5‰ of the total mass of the fermented organic material, and then mixed with an appropriate amount of water, so that the total moisture is controlled at about 60%, and fermented in the fermentation tank for 5-10 days. That is, the initial fertilizer is obtained;

The specific steps of the fermentation are as follows: put the fermented organic materials mixed and stirred evenly into the fermentation facility, compact and fill to remove the air, cover the top of the fermentation tank with a layer of plastic film, seal the fermentation with the upper cover, turn the piles at the right time, and replenish water when turning the piles , control the total moisture to about 60%, the raw materials are held in a ball, there is water between the fingers but not dripping, and it is better to let go of the hands and disperse.

In the preferred technical scheme, the fermentation time of step (2) refers to: generally 4-5 days in summer, 6-7 days in spring and autumn, and 10 days in winter.

(3) Deep processing

The initial fertilizer is crushed and dried, and the following nutrients are specifically added according to the mass percentage of the initial fertilizer:

Nitrogen 3.0-5.0%, Phosphorus 2.5-3.5%, Potassium 1.0-3.0%; Calcium 5.0-10.0%; Humic acid fertilizer 5.0-10.0%;

Preferably, the ratio of added nutritional elements is:

a. Addition ratio of macroelements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium): 4.0% nitrogen, 3.2% phosphorus, 2.0% potassium

b. Addition ratio of middle element (calcium): calcium 6.0%.

c. Addition ratio of humic acid: 10.0%.

(4) Preparation of peanut-specific growth-promoting compound bacterial agent

Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ^ACCC01183 , Bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus) CGMCC1.937, Bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) ACCC10010, Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) CICC10037, Bacillus mucilaginosus (Bacillus mucilaginosus) CGMCC 1.153 strain fermented liquid, press (20～30%): (10～20%): (10～20%): (5～10%): (30～40% ) ratio is mixed uniformly as a mixed bacterial agent, inoculated in a fermenter filled with a composite bacterial agent medium B, and the inoculum is 5% of the total volume of the composite bacterial agent medium B, and the pH of the composite bacterial agent medium B is 6.5 ～7.5, cultivated at 30°C for 4～7 days, so that the total number of bacteria in the fermentation broth reaches 6～ ¹⁰ ×108/mL, and then the special microbial compound bacterial agent for peanuts is obtained, the pH is 6.8, and the total effective number of viable bacteria is 9 ×10 ⁸ cells/mL;

The formula of the compound bacterial agent medium B is: corn flour 15-18g/100mL, soybean powder 5-8g/100mL, yeast extract 0.1-0.2g/100mL, KH ₂ PO ₄ 0.2-2g/100mL, K ₂ HPO ₄ 0.5～2g/100mL, MgSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 0.001～0.02g/100mL, NaCl 0.5～0.8g/100mL, (NH4) ₂ SO ₄ 0.001～0.01g/100mL, the rest is distilled water;

The concrete process of described step (4) is as follows:

1. inoculation: described each bacterial classification (colloid bacillus, pumilus, licheniformis bacillus, gigantic bacillus, subtilis bacillus) is respectively connected on the slant medium; colloid bacillus (potassium bacterium) culture temperature 25～35℃, pH 7.5～8.0, culture time is 5 days; Bacillus pumilus culture temperature is 25～30℃, pH7.0-7.2, culture time is 3 days; Bacillus licheniformis culture temperature is 25～30℃, The pH is 7.0-8.0, and the culture time is 5 days; the temperature of Bacillus megaterium is 27-37°C, the pH is 6.5-7.5, and the culture time is 4 days; the culture temperature of Bacillus subtilis is 27-37°C, the pH is 6.5-7.5, and the culture The time is 4 days;

2. Primary strain cultivation: inoculate the strains prepared in the step 1 into 50 mL Erlenmeyer flasks filled with corresponding liquid medium according to the amount of one loop of the inoculation loop, the pH of the medium is 6.5 to 7.5, and the conical Put the bottle into a shaking table and shake at a temperature of 30°C for 24-48 hours; use a hemocytometer to count, and the number of strains in the bacterial solution reaches ¹⁰⁸ /mL;

3. Secondary fermentation: inoculate 5% of the strains prepared in step 2 into 1000mL Erlenmeyer flasks filled with liquid medium, the pH of the medium is 6.5-7.5, put it into a shaker for oscillation, and the temperature is 30°C , shaking for 48 to 72 hours; make the number of strains reach 10 ⁸ /mL or more, so as to obtain Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ACCC 01183 and Bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus) with the number of strains reaching 10 ⁸ /mL or more respectively CGMCC1.937, Bacillus megaterium ACCC 10010, Bacillus licheniformis CICC10037, Bacillus mucilaginosus CGMCC 1.153 fermentation broth.

The slant medium formula used in the preparation process of the peanut microbial compound bacterial agent is:

1. The slant medium formula used by Bacillus colioids is: KH ₂ PO ₄ 0.06g, MgSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 0.05g,

CaSO ₄ 5H ₂ O 0.004g, peptone 5g, corn steep liquor (50% dry weight) 2.5g, lactose 15g, NaCl 4g, distilled water 1000mL, agar 25g, pH 7.1;

2. The slant medium formula adopted by Bacillus licheniformis is:

Peptone 10.0g, beef extract 3.0g, sodium chloride 5.0g, agar 15g, distilled water 1000mL, pH 7.0;

3. The slant medium formula used by Bacillus megaterium is: beef extract 3g, peptone 5g, agar 15g, NaCl 5g, distilled water 1000mL, pH 7.0;

4. The slant medium formula used by Bacillus subtilis is: beef extract 10g, peptone 10g, NaCl 5g, glucose 10g, agar 15g, distilled water 1000mL, pH 7.0;

5. The slant medium formula used by Bacillus pumilus is: 10.0 g peptone, 3.0 g beef extract, 5.0 g NaCl, 15.0 g agar, 1.0 L distilled water, pH 7.0.

The liquid culture medium formula is prepared by adding no agar to the slant culture medium.

(5) Add the special growth-promoting compound bacteria agent for peanuts obtained in step (4) to obtain the final product by adding 3 to 5‰ of the total mass of the fermented material obtained in step (3) deep processing, and mix the materials evenly, and then granulate Granulated or powdered by machine, after passing the test, it is packaged and put into storage.

For the above-mentioned technical scheme, in a preferred situation, the formula of the compound bacterial culture medium A described in step (1) is: cornmeal 0.5g/L, corn stalk powder 15g/L, bran 0.25g/L, bean cake powder 0.25g /L, Vogel's mother liquor 4mL/100mL, pH8.5.

For the above-mentioned technical scheme, under preferred circumstances, step (1) described Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CICC10088, Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CICC2436, white rot fungus (Phanerochaetechrysosporium) ACCC30414, Trichoderma reesei (Trichoderma reesei) ACCC30449 , the fermented broth of Geobacillus stearothermophilus (Geobacillus stearothermophilus) CICC10207 was mixed evenly in the ratio of 2:1:2:1:1.

For the above technical solution, in a preferred case, the fermented organic material in step (2) is mixed with crushed corn stalks and animal manure at a mass ratio of 0.5-1.5:0.2-1.0, and the animal manure is usually chicken manure or cow manure manure.

For the above technical solution, in a preferred case, the formula of the compound culture medium B in step (3) is: corn flour 16g/100mL, bean paste powder 7g/100mL, yeast extract 0.1g/100mL, KH ₂ PO ₄ 1g/100mL, K ₂ HPO ₄ 1g/100mL, MgSO ₄ ·7H ₂ O 0.01g/100mL, NaCl 0.6g/100mL, (NH4) ₂ SO ₄ 0.01g/100mL, and the rest is distilled water.

The technical solution of the present invention is to develop a high-efficiency and high-quality bio-organic fertilizer through unremitting efforts in recent years, combining the growth characteristics of peanuts in each period and the demand for nutrients, paying attention to adjusting the contradiction between vegetative growth and reproductive growth. It comprehensively uses the latest achievements in microbial technology, chemical fertilizer industry and agricultural technology, and preferentially prepares a high-efficiency organic combination of rich in organic matter, N·P·K nutrients, certain trace elements, and plant growth regulators. A granular nutrient source with reasonable nutrition and an appropriate ratio of N·P·K is finally formed by a specific process. This kind of fertilizer not only has the advantages of high utilization rate and long fertilizer effect period, but also has the characteristics of improving soil, improving crop quality, enhancing crop resistance, increasing yield, reducing pollution, stimulating crop growth and development, etc., saving time and labor, and has good social and economic benefits.

Beneficial effect

The special bio-organic fertilizer for peanuts of the present invention is to select bacteria with specific decomposing function to make bacterial agent, use this bacterial agent to ferment and decompose organic solid materials into initial fertilizer, and then add a large amount of elements (nitrogen) in a suitable proportion. , phosphorus, potassium), medium elements (calcium), humic acid, etc., combined with fertilizers made of bacteria agents that promote the growth of peanuts with corresponding effects. The decomposing agent contains a large amount of Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus oryzae, Trichoderma reesei, white rot fungus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, which can produce cellulase, ligninase, hemicellulase, waxy enzyme, fruit Glue enzymes and other biological enzymes, through the synergistic effect of mesophilic bacteria and high-temperature resistant bacteria, quickly ferment and decompose various waste solid organic materials into fertilizers, turning waste into treasure, saving resources, and greatly reducing environmental pollution; Nutrient-like elements and peanut-specific growth-promoting compound bacteria, through beneficial microorganisms that have special effects on peanuts, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, Candida utilis, soybean rhizobia, Bacillus colloid, plant The interaction between various strains of Lactobacillus can stimulate plant growth, alleviate soil compaction, improve soil ecological environment, increase soil humus and beneficial microbial flora, prevent and resist diseases, etc., so as to achieve the purpose of increasing production and high yield .

detailed description

The following non-limiting examples of the present invention can enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention more fully, but do not limit the present invention in any way. All the biological materials used in the examples can be obtained from commercial sources.

Embodiment one: the preparation of special organic compound biological fertilizer for peanuts

The special organic compound bio-fertilizer product for peanuts of the present invention refers to the use of microbial technology to select and match bacteria with specific decomposing functions to make bacterial agents, and use this bacterial agent to ferment and decompose organic solid materials into initial fertilizers, and then add various nutrients Bio-fertilizer made of elements and peanut-specific growth-promoting compound bacteria. Its specific implementation is as follows:

(1) Preparation of organic material decomposing agent

Using Bacillus subtilis CICC10088, Aspergillus niger CICC2436, white rot ACCC30414, Trichoderma reesei ACCC30449, Geobacillus stearothermophilus CICC10207, etc. It is a decomposing bacterial agent formed by compound fermentation of the active bacteria in an appropriate proportion.

1. strain activation: the various strains are connected on the slant medium; Bacillus subtilis 28～32 ℃, pH is 7.2～7.4, and the culture time is 1～3 days; Aspergillus oryzae culture temperature 25～28 ℃, The pH is 6.0-6.5, and the culture time is 4-7 days; the culture temperature of white rot fungus is 25-28°C, and the culture time is 4-7 days; the culture temperature of Geobacillus stearothermophilus is 55-60°C, pH7.0-7.2 , cultivated for 2-3 days;

2. Primary strain cultivation: Inoculate the strains into 50mL conical flasks filled with liquid medium, the pH of the medium is 6.0-8.0, place the conical flasks into a shaking table for shaking culture, and the temperature is 30°C , shaking for 24-48 hours; using a hemocytometer to count, the number of strains in the bacterial solution reached 10 ⁸ /mL;

3. Secondary fermentation: Inoculate the strains into 1000mL Erlenmeyer flasks filled with liquid medium, the pH of the medium is 6.0-8.0, put it into a shaking table and shake at a temperature of 30°C for 48-72 hours; Make the number of strains reach ¹⁰⁸ /mL or more, and mix the strains according to the mass percentage of the strains;

4. Tertiary fermentation: Bacillus subtilis CICC10088, Aspergillus niger CICC2436, white rot ACCC30414, Trichoderma reesei ACCC30449, Geobacillus stearothermophilus (Geobacillus stearothermophilus) CICC10207 strain fermentation broth was mixed evenly in the ratio of 2:1:2:1:1, and then inoculated in a fermenter filled with a compound bacterial culture medium. The pH of the complex bacterial culture medium was 6.0-8.0. The amount is 5%, and cultured at 30° C. for 4 to 7 days, so that the number of bacteria in the fermentation liquid reaches 10 ⁸ /mL, and the organic material straw decomposing agent is obtained.

The slant culture medium formula is:

1. The slant medium formula used by Bacillus subtilis is: ordinary agar: beef extract 1.0L, peptone 10g, NaCl 5.0g, agar 20.0-20.5g, pH7.2-7.4, preparation of beef extract: lean beef wash Cleaned, chopped, weighed 550g, soaked in 1375mL water, soaked overnight, filtered, 0.6kgf/cm ² 40min after filtering and subpackaging for later use.

2. The slant medium formula used by Aspergillus oryzae is: 5°Be wort agar, 5°Be wort 1.0L, agar 15.0g, natural pH.

3. The slant medium formula of white rot fungus is: PDA medium, take 200 grams of peeled potatoes, cut into small pieces, add 1000 ml of water and boil for 30 minutes to filter out the potato pieces, make up the filtrate to 1000 ml, add glucose 20 gram, 15 grams of agar, after melting, subpackage, 15 pounds of sterilization for 30 minutes. Natural pH.

4. The slant culture medium formula of Trichoderma reesei is: same as that of white rot fungus.

5. Formula of Geobacillus stearothermophilus slant medium: nutrient broth agar: 10.0 g peptone, 3.0 g beef extract, 5.0 g NaCl, 15.0 g agar, 1.0 L distilled water, pH 7.0.

The liquid medium can be a slant medium without adding agar.

The formula of the compound bacterial agent culture medium is: 0.5g/L of cornmeal, 15g/L of corn stalk powder, 0.25g/L of bran, 0.25g/L of bean cake powder, 4mL/100mL of Vogel's mother liquor, and a pH value of 8.5.

(2) Mixing and fermentation

Prepare 500kg of crushed corn stalks and 200kg of cow dung as the original organic materials for fermentation, mix the prepared organic material decomposing agent into an appropriate amount of water according to 5‰ of the total mass of fermented organic materials, and mix them evenly with the organic materials. Form into a ball, there is water between the fingers but not dripping, and it is better to let go of the hand (total moisture is about 60%). Put the fermented organic materials that are mixed and stirred evenly into the fermentation facility, compact and fill to remove the air, cover the top of the fermentation tank with a layer of plastic film, seal the top cover for fermentation, turn the pile at the right time, add water when turning the pile, and control the total moisture at About 60%. After 10 days of fermentation, the initial fertilizer is obtained.

(3) The addition of various nutrients

After the fermentation of the material is completed, it is crushed and dried according to the requirements of the fertilizer formulation, and then various nutrients are added, including macroelements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) and moderate elements (calcium), calculated according to the mass of the fermented material, and the specific addition ratio is as follows :

a. Addition ratio of macroelements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium): 4.0% nitrogen, 3.2% phosphorus, 2.0% potassium.

b. Addition ratio of middle element (calcium): calcium 6.0%.

c. Addition ratio of ammonium humate: 10%.

(4) Preparation and addition of special growth-promoting compound bacteria agent for peanuts

Bacillus subtilis ACCC 01183, Bacillus pumilus CGMCC1.937, Bacillus megaterium ACCC 10010, Bacillus licheniformis CICC10037, Bacillus mucilaginosus CGMCC1. 153 and other strains with special effects are mixed and used as a mixed bacterial agent, and then fermented again to prepare a microbial compound bacterial agent.

The preparation steps of the peanut microbial compound bacterial agent are as follows:

1. inoculation: described each bacterial classification (colloid bacillus, pumilus, licheniformis bacillus, gigantic bacillus, subtilis bacillus) is respectively connected on the slant medium; colloid bacillus (potassium bacterium) culture temperature 25～35℃, pH 7.5～8.0, culture time is 5 days; Bacillus pumilus culture temperature is 25～30℃, pH7.0-7.2, culture time is 3 days; Bacillus licheniformis culture temperature is 25～30℃, The pH is 7.0-8.0, and the culture time is 5 days; the temperature of Bacillus megaterium is 27-37°C, the pH is 6.5-7.5, and the culture time is 4 days; the culture temperature of Bacillus subtilis is 27-37°C, the pH is 6.5-7.5, and the culture The time is 4 days;

2. Primary strain cultivation: inoculate the strains prepared in the step 1 into 50 mL Erlenmeyer flasks filled with corresponding liquid medium according to the amount of one loop of the inoculation loop, the pH of the medium is 6.5 to 7.5, and the conical Place the bottle into a shaker and shake at 30°C for 24-48 hours; count with a hemocytometer, and the number of strains in the bacterial solution reaches ¹⁰⁸ /mL;

3. Secondary fermentation: inoculate 5% of the strains prepared in step 2 into 1000mL Erlenmeyer flasks filled with liquid medium, the pH of the medium is 6.5-7.5, put it into a shaker for oscillation, and the temperature is 30°C , shaking for 48 to 72 hours; make the number of strains reach ¹⁰⁸ /mL or more, so as to prepare Bacillus colloidus (potassium bacteria) fermentation liquid, brown spherical nitrogen-fixing bacteria fermentation liquid, Bacillus megaterium fermentation liquid and Bacillus subtilis fermentation liquid liquid.

The bacteria species are mixed according to the mass percentage and fermented again: 35% of colloidal bacillus (potassium bacteria) fermentation broth, 25% of Bacillus megaterium fermentation broth, 10% of Bacillus licheniformis fermentation broth, and 30% of Bacillus subtilis fermentation broth.

4. Tertiary fermentation: Inoculate the mixed bacterial liquid prepared in the step 3 into a fermenter filled with a composite bacterial culture medium, the pH of the composite microbial culture medium is 6.5 to 7.5, and the inoculation amount is the composite bacterial culture medium 5% of the total mass, cultured at 30°C for 4 to 7 days, so that the number of bacteria in the fermentation broth reached 6 to ¹⁰ ×108/mL, and the special microbial compound bacterial agent for peanuts was obtained, the pH was 5.0, and the number of bacteria reached 10 ⁹ cells/mL.

The slant culture medium formula is:

1. The slant medium formula used by Bacillus colioids is: KH ₂ PO ₄ 0.06g, MgSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 0.05g,

CaSO ₄ 5H ₂ O 0.004g, peptone 5g, corn steep liquor (50% dry weight) 2.5g, lactose 15g, NaCl 4g, distilled water 1000mL, agar 25g, pH 7.1;

2. The slant medium formula used by Bacillus licheniformis is: peptone 10.0g, beef extract 3.0g, sodium chloride 5.0g, agar 15g, distilled water 1000mL, pH 7.0;

3. The slant medium formula used by Bacillus megaterium is: beef extract 3g, peptone 5g, agar 15g, NaCl 5g, distilled water 1000mL, pH 7.0;

4. The slant medium formula used by Bacillus subtilis is: beef extract 10g, peptone 10g, NaCl 5g, glucose 10g, agar 15g, distilled water 1000mL, pH 7.0;

5. The slant medium formula used by Bacillus pumilus is: 10.0 g peptone, 3.0 g beef extract, 5.0 g NaCl, 15.0 g agar, 1.0 L distilled water, pH 7.0.

The liquid culture medium formula is prepared by adding no agar to the slant culture medium.

The formula of the compound bacterial agent culture medium is: corn flour 2-20g/100mL, soybean powder 1-10g/100mL, yeast extract 0.05-0.2g/100mL, KH ₂ PO ₄ 0.2-2g/100mL, K ₂ HPO ₄ 0.5～2g/100mL, MgSO ₄ ·7H ₂ O 0.001～0.02g/100mL, NaCl 0.5～0.8g/100mL, (NH4) ₂ SO ₄ 0.001～0.01g/100mL, the rest is distilled water.

Add the special growth-promoting compound bacterial agent for peanuts according to the ratio of 4‰ of the total mass of the fermentation materials, and mix evenly again.

(5) Granulation or powder, testing, packaging, storage

After the materials are mixed evenly, they are granulated or powdered by a granulator, and after passing the test, they are packaged and put into storage.

Embodiment 2: The application effect of special organic compound bio-fertilizer for peanuts on peanuts

The effect test of the application of the special organic compound biological fertilizer for peanuts prepared by the present invention in peanut planting:

1. Purpose of the test

Peanut-specific organic compound bio-fertilizer is the latest bio-fertilizer developed by Dalian Sanke Bioengineering Co., Ltd. with special effects on peanut growth. In order to clarify its impact on peanut growth and development, our company conducted a field survey on peanuts from April to September 2015. District test.

2. Test conditions: The test site is Jinzhou District, Dalian City, and the plot is representative. The terrain is flat, the fertility is medium, and the previous crop is peanut.

3. Test materials and methods

Test variety: Peanut (Huayu No. 22)

Test method: The test is divided into two groups, which are randomly arranged and repeated three times respectively. The area of each test plot is 66.7 square meters.

The two sets of treatments described:

①The control group was fertilized routinely; ②The test group was fertilized in strict accordance with the instructions of the organic compound biological fertilizer product.

According to the actual investigation, the natural conditions of the peanut growth period in 2015 are relatively good, and there is no special bad weather, which is conducive to the growth of peanuts.

4. Investigation record method

During the peanut maturity period, 10 plants were randomly selected continuously in each plot, and the production indicators such as main stem height, side branch length, total branch number, double-full fruit number per plant, 100-fruit number, and plot yield were measured.

5. Results and Analysis

5.1 Effects of different fertilization treatments on peanut nutritional traits

After peanut emergence, until the fourth true leaf appeared, the flower growth vigor of each treatment was basically the same; after the true leaf appeared, the flower growth vigor of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group until the fruit matured. The data results are shown in Table 1:

Table 1. Effects of different fertilization treatments on peanut nutritional traits

It can be seen from Table 1 that the traits of the peanuts in the test group were significantly better than those in the control group. The leaves were dark green, the plant type was good, and there were no excessive growth and sufficient effective branches. The side branch length and effective branch number of the treatment group were 42.3 cm and 8.9, 6.9 cm and 0.9 more than the control group. Observation at the harvest period showed that the green leaves of the main stem in the treatment group were significantly more than those in the control group, which provided a guarantee for the sufficient photosynthetic products needed for fruit expansion.

5.2 Effects of different fertilization treatments on peanut yield traits

Table 2. Effects of different fertilization treatments on peanut yield traits

It can be seen from Table 2 that the number of double-filled peanuts per plant in the treatment group was 3.5 higher than that of the control group, the weight of the whole fruit increased by 24.7g, and the kernel rate was 4.6%, indicating that the application of special organic compound biological fertilizer for peanuts can improve Yield and quality of peanuts.

5.3 Effects of different treatments on economic traits of peanut fruit yield

Table 3. Effects of different fertilization treatments on economic traits of peanut fruit yield

deal with Yield (kg/mu) Yield increase (kg/mu) Net increase rate (%) Net increase in production (yuan/mu) control group 409 83 20.2 332 treatment group 492 -- -- --

As can be seen from Table 3, the application of special organic compound bio-fertilizer for peanuts significantly increases the peanut yield, which is 83kg/mu higher than that of the control group, and the yield increase rate is 20.2%. Calculated according to the peanut price of 4 yuan/kg, the net income per mu increases by 332 yuan, which is economical. The benefits are extremely impressive.

6 Conclusion

The special organic compound bio-fertilizer for peanuts has a remarkable application effect on peanuts, showing obvious advantages in peanut nutritional properties, growth properties and yield properties, greatly improving economic benefits. Throughout the growing season, the growth is neat, and the leaves are dark green and thick. Therefore, the test results of peanut-specific organic compound biological fertilizers on peanuts prove that this product can expand the demonstration area in peanut production and promote its use on a large scale.

Claims (6)

1. one cultivate peanut special organic composite fertilizer, it is characterised in that

(1) preparation of organic matter decomposing inoculant

Strain quantity is respectively reached 10⁸Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CICC10088 of individual/more than mL, Aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus niger) CICC2436, whiterot fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) ACCC30414, trichoderma reesei (Trichoderma reesei) ACCC30449, Geobacillus stearothermophilus The strain fermentating liquid of (Geobacillus stearothermophilus) CICC10207 presses 1.5～2.0:0.8～1.3:1.5 ～after the volume ratio mix homogeneously of 2.0:0.8～1.3:0.8～1.3, it is inoculated in the fermentation tank filling composite bacteria agent capable culture medium A In, inoculum concentration is the 5% of composite bacteria agent capable culture medium A cumulative volume, cultivates 4～7 days, make total bacteria count in fermentation liquid reach at 30 DEG C 10⁸Individual/mL, i.e. obtains organic matter decomposing inoculant；

Described composite bacteria agent capable culture medium A formula is: Semen Maydis flour 0.5～1.5g/L, corn stalk powder 15～17g/L, wheat bran 0.2～ 0.4g/L, soybean cake powder 0.2～0.4g/L, Vogel ' s mother solution 4mL/100mL, pH value 6.0～8.0；

(2) puddle, ferment

Organic matter decomposing inoculant step () prepared is in 5 ‰ ratio mixing of fermented organic material gross mass, then is blended into Appropriate water, makes total moisture control about 60%, at fermentation vat through fermentation in 5-10 days, i.e. prepares the most fertile；

(3) deep processing

Carry out first fertilizer pulverizing, drying, by the most fertile mass percent, the specifically following nutrient of interpolation:

Nitrogen 3.0-5.0%, phosphorus 2.5-3.5%, potassium 1.0-3.0%；Calcium 5.0-10.0%；Humic acid fertilizer 5.0～10.0%；

(4) preparation of Semen arachidis hypogaeae special growth promotion composite bacteria agent capable

Strain quantity is respectively reached 10⁸Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ACCC 01183 of individual/more than mL, Bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus) CGMCC1.937, bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) ACCC10010, Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) CICC10037, colloid bacillus cereus (Bacillus Mucilaginosus) strain fermentating liquid of CGMCC 1.153, by (20～30%): (10～20%): (10～20%): (5～ 10%): as mix bacterium agent after the ratio mix homogeneously of (30～40%), be inoculated in the fermentation filling composite bacteria agent capable culture medium B In tank, inoculum concentration is the 5% of composite bacteria agent capable culture medium B cumulative volume, the pH 6.5～7.5 of composite bacteria agent capable culture medium B, trains at 30 DEG C Support 4～7 days, make total bacteria count in fermentation liquid reach 6～10 × 10⁸Individual/mL, i.e. obtains Semen arachidis hypogaeae special microorganism composite bacterial agent, pH Being 6.8, total living bacteria count is 9 × 10⁸Individual/mL；

The formula of described composite bacteria agent capable culture medium B is: Semen Maydis powder 15～18g/100mL, Semen Glycines powder 5～8g/100mL, yeast extract 0.1～0.2g/100mL, KH₂PO₄0.2～2g/100mL, K₂HPO₄0.5～2g/100mL, MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.001～ 0.02g/100mL, NaCl 0.5～0.8g/100mL, (NH₄)₂SO₄0.001～0.01g/100mL, remaining is distilled water；

(5) 3～5 ‰ ratios of the fermentation materials gross mass obtained in step (three) deep processing add what step (four) obtained The growth promotion composite bacteria agent capable acquisition finished product that Semen arachidis hypogaeae is special.

The preparation method of the organic composite fertilizer that Semen arachidis hypogaeae the most according to claim 1 is special, it is characterised in that step (1) described composite bacteria agent capable culture medium A formula is: Semen Maydis flour 0.5g/L, corn stalk powder 15g/L, wheat bran 0.25g/L, soybean cake powder 0.25g/L, Vogel ' s mother solution 4mL/100mL, pH 7.2.

The preparation method of the organic composite fertilizer that Semen arachidis hypogaeae the most according to claim 1 is special, it is characterised in that step (1) described bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CICC10088, aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus niger) CICC2436, whiterot fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) ACCC30414, trichoderma reesei (Trichoderma Reesei) ACCC30449, Geobacillus stearothermophilus (Geobacillus stearothermophilus) CICC10207 Strain fermentating liquid in the ratio mix homogeneously of 2:1:2:1:1.

The preparation method of the organic composite fertilizer that Semen arachidis hypogaeae the most according to claim 1 is special, it is characterised in that step (2) described fermented organic material is that the corn straw pulverized is mixed by 0.5～1.5:0.2～1.0 mass ratioes with animal wastes.

The preparation method of the organic composite fertilizer that Semen arachidis hypogaeae the most according to claim 1 is special, it is characterised in that step (3) described nutrient is nitrogen 4.0%, phosphorus 3.2%, potassium 2.0%；Calcium 6.0%；Humic acid fertilizer 10.0%, humic-acid kind Fertilizer is ammonium humate or potassium humate.

The preparation method of the organic composite fertilizer that Semen arachidis hypogaeae the most according to claim 1 is special, it is characterised in that step (3) formula of described composite bacteria agent capable culture medium B is: Semen Maydis powder 16g/100mL, Semen Glycines powder 7g/100mL, yeast extract 0.1g/ 100mL、KH₂PO₄ 1g/100mL、K₂HPO₄ 1g/100mL、MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.01g/100mL、NaCl 0.6g/100mL、 (NH₄)₂SO₄0.01g/100mL, remaining is distilled water.