CN106039887A - Intelligent high pressure micro-mist de-dusting system and de-dusting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system and a dust suppression method. The system includes a main control board and a dust concentration sensor connected to the main control board, a blasting impact sensor, a time sensor, a manual interaction unit, and a high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression unit; the dust concentration sensor is used to detect the dust concentration at the work site, and the The blasting impact sensor is used to detect the air shock wave, the time sensor is used for timing, and the high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression unit realizes the generation of micro-mist and the function of spray dust removal; the high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression unit includes water inlet pipes connected in sequence along the flow direction Filters, high-pressure pumps, high-pressure water pipes, and micro-mist nozzles. After the reclaimed water entering the water inlet pipe is filtered by the filter, it is boosted by a high-pressure pump and transported to the use site through a high-pressure water pipe, and then the micro-mist nozzles generate nano Level micro mist for dust suppression operations. The invention has a high degree of automation, and realizes on-site micro-mist dust reduction through the combination of vibration, dust and timing detection methods and a high-pressure micro-mist dust reduction unit.

Description

Intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system and dust suppression method

technical field

The invention relates to an intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system and a dust suppression method.

Background technique

Solid particles that can exist in the air in a floating state for a long time are called dust. Floating dust refers to solid particles with a particle size of less than 10 μm in the atmosphere, which can float in the atmosphere for a long time, and is sometimes called floating dust. Also known as inhalable particulate matter, the English abbreviation is PM10. Inhalable dust has a very destructive impact on human health. Dust floating in the atmosphere often contains many toxic components, such as chromium, manganese, cadmium, lead, mercury, arsenic, etc. When the human body inhales dust, particles smaller than 5 μm can easily penetrate into the lungs, causing toxic pneumonia or silicosis, and sometimes lung cancer. Once the pollutants deposited in the lungs are dissolved, they will directly invade the blood, causing blood poisoning, and the undissolved pollutants may also be absorbed by the cells, resulting in the destruction of the cell structure. At the same time, gun smoke S _X O _Y and N _X O _Y can also be directly absorbed by the human body, which not only damages the human respiratory system, but also easily corrodes the equipment and shortens the life of the equipment. Therefore, effective control of dust in mining enterprises is very necessary and a safety production index that must be achieved. The "Regulations on Dust Hazard Classification Supervision" requires enterprises and institutions to list the dust hazards of grades III and IV as the focus of dust control. The labor administrative departments at all levels should list the dust hazards of grades III and IV as the focus of occupational health supervision. After classified testing, if the dust hazard reaches level IV, it must be eliminated within one year, otherwise, the labor administrative department has the right to order to stop production. Moreover, local labor administrative departments and enterprise competent departments should take the dust hazard status of enterprises as an important reference index for enterprise upgrading, and those with Class II dust hazards should not be promoted to national enterprises above Class II.

The company's existing spray technology measures for dust prevention and control have failed to play a good role. The main reason is that the particle size of the existing fog droplets is hundreds or even a thousand times larger than the dust particle size, and the number of fog droplets is far smaller than that of dust The number of particles makes the chances of a collision between the two very small. Therefore, it cannot cause the dust to increase its own weight and settle. In this system, the droplet particles are at the micron level, and their particle size is consistent with the particle size of the inhalable particles, so the probability of collision between the two is very high, which can greatly improve the dust suppression effect.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust reduction system and dust reduction method. The system has a high degree of automation, and realizes on-site micro-mist dust reduction through the combination of vibration, dust and timing detection methods and high-pressure micro-mist dust reduction units.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: an intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system, including a main control board and a dust concentration sensor connected to the main control board, a blasting impact sensor, a time sensor, a manual interaction unit, a high-voltage micro Fog and dust reduction unit; the dust concentration sensor is used to detect the dust concentration at the work site, the blasting shock sensor is used to detect air shock waves, the time sensor is used for timing, and the high-pressure micro-mist dust reduction unit realizes the generation of micro-mist and spray dust removal Features.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression unit includes a water inlet pipe, a filter, a high-pressure pump, a high-pressure water pipe, and a micro-mist nozzle connected in sequence along the flow direction of the water flow. The reclaimed water entering from the water inlet pipe is filtered by the filter , pressurized by a high-pressure pump, and transported to the use site through a high-pressure water pipe, and then a nano-level micro-mist is generated by a micro-mist nozzle for dust reduction operations.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the high-pressure pump is connected to the main control board through a three-phase motor.

In an embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a water level sensor connected to the main control board and a nozzle pressure sensor, the water level sensor is used to detect the water level of the water tank that supplies water to the water inlet pipe, and the nozzle pressure sensor is used to detect high pressure water pipe pressure.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the water inlet pipe is further provided with a water inlet pressure gauge for detecting and displaying the water inlet pressure, and the high pressure water pipe is also provided with a water outlet pressure gauge for detecting and displaying the water outlet pressure.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the filter is a filter sponge to remove small particle impurities in the water entering the water inlet pipe.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the blasting impact sensor is a vibration sensor or an acoustic wave sensor, and the time sensor is a timer.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the manual interaction unit includes a liquid crystal display and buttons; the liquid crystal display is a liquid crystal touch display.

The present invention also provides a dust suppression method based on the above-mentioned intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system, comprising the following steps,

S1: Turn on the system and set the system parameters through the manual interaction unit, including the scheduled time for timing the time sensor and the dust concentration threshold;

S2: Start the time sensor to start timing, and start the dust concentration sensor and blasting impact sensor at the same time to detect the dust concentration and air shock wave at the work site respectively;

S3: If one of the conditions that the timing time reaches the predetermined time, the dust concentration at the work site detected by the dust concentration sensor is greater than the dust concentration threshold, or the blasting shock sensor detects the air shock wave is met, the high-pressure pump is started to draw water from the water tank, and the water flows through the filter. The pump flows to the high-pressure water pipe, and the nano-level micro-mist is generated by the micro-mist nozzle to carry out dust reduction operations.

In an embodiment of the present invention, before the step S3, the water level of the water tank and the pressure of the high-pressure water pipe need to be detected in real time by the water level sensor and the nozzle pressure sensor.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The degree of automation is high, and the system can be controlled in various ways through acoustic sensors, dust concentration sensors and timing devices;

2. The spray speed is fast, the coverage is wide, the adhesion is good, and a relatively closed space can be formed to further reduce the diffusion of dust particles;

3. The water droplets are small and reach the micron level. When they come into contact with the floating dust particles, they form a moist mist, which can quickly suppress dust fall;

4. The water droplets are small, have strong penetrating power to objects and adhesion of liquid medicine, high utilization rate of medicine, and low pollution; it is especially suitable for efficient spraying of dust suppressant and other medicines under mines, effectively saving water and reducing pollution. environmental pollution;

5. The body is light in weight, more reasonable in structure, and takes up less space;

6. Long service life, once installed, can be used for a long time (maintenance period is 2 to 4 months).

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of the system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the electric control circuit diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a flow control flow chart of the high-pressure micro-mist dedusting unit of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the water flow direction of the high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression unit of the present invention.

detailed description

The technical solution of the present invention will be specifically described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1-4, an intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system of the present invention includes a main control board and a dust concentration sensor connected to the main control board, a blasting impact sensor, a time sensor, a manual interaction unit, a high-pressure micro-mist Dust suppression unit; the dust concentration sensor is used to detect the dust concentration at the work site, the blasting shock sensor is used to detect air shock waves, the time sensor is used for timing, and the high-pressure micro-mist dust reduction unit realizes the generation of micro-mist and the function of spray dust removal . The high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression unit includes water inlet pipes, filters, high-pressure pumps, high-pressure water pipes, and micro-mist nozzles connected in sequence along the water flow direction. , and transported to the use site through high-pressure water pipes, and then generate nano-scale micro-mist through the micro-mist nozzle to carry out dust reduction operations.

The high-pressure pump is connected to the main control board through a three-phase motor. It also includes a water level sensor and a nozzle pressure sensor connected to the main control board, the water level sensor is used to detect the water level of the water tank that supplies water to the water inlet pipe, and the nozzle pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the high pressure water pipe. The water inlet pipe is also provided with a water inlet pressure gauge for detecting and displaying the water inlet pressure, and the high pressure water pipe is also provided with a water outlet pressure gauge for detecting and displaying the water outlet pressure.

The filter is a filter sponge to remove small particles of impurities in the water entering the water inlet pipe.

The blasting shock sensor is a vibration sensor or an acoustic wave sensor, and the time sensor is a timer.

The manual interaction unit includes a liquid crystal display and buttons; the liquid crystal display is a liquid crystal touch display.

The present invention also provides a dust suppression method based on the above-mentioned intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system, comprising the following steps,

S1: Turn on the system and set the system parameters through the manual interaction unit, including the scheduled time for timing the time sensor and the dust concentration threshold;

S2: Start the time sensor to start timing, and start the dust concentration sensor and blasting impact sensor at the same time to detect the dust concentration and air shock wave at the work site respectively;

S3: If one of the conditions that the timing time reaches the predetermined time, the dust concentration at the work site detected by the dust concentration sensor is greater than the dust concentration threshold, or the blasting shock sensor detects the air shock wave is met, the high-pressure pump is started to draw water from the water tank, and the water flows through the filter. The pump flows to the high-pressure water pipe, and the nano-level micro-mist is generated by the micro-mist nozzle to carry out dust reduction operations.

In an embodiment of the present invention, before the step S3, the water level of the water tank and the pressure of the high-pressure water pipe need to be detected in real time by the water level sensor and the nozzle pressure sensor.

The following describes the technical solution of the present invention through specific examples.

The intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system, as shown in Figure 1, can be seen that the intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system of the present invention can automatically start spraying in three ways without human intervention: (1) There is a dust concentration sensor that detects dust at the work site The concentration exceeds the standard; (2) The blasting shock sensor detects the shock wave; (3) When the timing is up (the mine blasting time is basically fixed), start spraying. They correspond to three use cases respectively. At the same time, the system can also be set to meet two or three conditions to restart spraying to reduce the interference of irrelevant factors. It mainly includes the following two parts:

1. Electrical control

The control part of the electrical part adopts sensor automatic control, see Figure 2 for details. Combined with Figure 2, using blasting vibration, dust concentration and time as the start-up trigger of the whole system meets the actual needs. The controller uses 220V voltage as the power supply, and the main circuit uses 380V voltage. On the control panel, the system can adapt to various situations of spray dust removal by setting the start and end time, vibration intensity and dust concentration. The design mainly considers that the system can work safely and stably even when it is unattended, so a variety of sensors are used as factors to trigger the system to start working. The three sensors are connected in an "or" type, and only one condition is met to connect the main circuit. In the later stage, the overvoltage protection can be connected according to the need to prevent the motor from burning out due to the blockage of the water pipe. The working process is as follows: set the start or end time of the time sensor, the critical value of the vibration intensity and the critical value of the dust concentration. When one of the conditions is met, the main controller will start the main circuit, start the 380V switch, and the system will start spraying. After spraying for a certain period of time, if the actual conditions are not full, that is, not within the spraying time period, there is no vibration exceeding the vibration critical value and excessive dust, the main controller cuts off the power and stops spraying.

2. Mechanical part

The design of the mechanical part is shown in Figures 3 and 4. It consists of water inlet pipe, water inlet pressure gauge, filter, high-pressure pump, three-phase motor, high-pressure water pipe, high-pressure gauge, and micro-mist nozzle.

In this part mainly water is used. The reclaimed water entering from the water inlet pipe is filtered through a filter to remove small particles of impurities to prevent clogging of the micro-mist nozzle, and is boosted by a high-pressure pump to 8-10 atmospheres. It is transported to the use site by a high-pressure water pipe, and then a nano-scale micro-mist is generated by a micro-mist nozzle to carry out dust reduction operations.

The main issues considered in the design of the mechanical part:

1. The amount of nano-scale micro-mist generated should be sufficient for effective absorption;

2. Filter the reclaimed water multiple times to prevent clogging of the micro-mist nozzle;

3. Prevent water from entering electrical equipment such as motors.

3. Theoretical Design Calculation ^[1]

When the mist and dust particles meet, the small particle size particles themselves have a small inertial effect, so that they can change the running direction and follow the gas flow to bypass the mist droplets without colliding with them; while the large particle size and high density dust particles themselves The inertia effect is large, so when encountering fog droplets, it cannot change its running direction with the flow direction of the gas, and eventually it will collide with the fog droplets and be captured. The dust collection efficiency of this method is directly proportional to the size of dust particles and inversely proportional to the size of fog droplets. The dust collection efficiency of isolated droplets is calculated theoretically, and is a function of Stokes number K p and Reynolds number Re, where when K p >0.2, there is dust collection efficiency:

intercept dust

If the quality of dust particles is not taken into consideration, then the dust particles will have the same streamline trajectory as the airflow. It is captured and intercepted by contact, and this process is the function of intercepting and dust-catching. The efficiency of interception and dust collection is directly proportional to the particle size of the dust, and inversely proportional to the size of the droplet diameter. The inertia of the motion of the dust particles and the velocity of the airflow do not play a role in the process of intercepting and capturing dust. When analyzing the mechanism of interception, it is assumed that dust particles have no mass but only geometric dimensions, then the particle size of dust particles is directly proportional to the efficiency of interception and dust collection.

diffuse dust collection

Generally, when the size of the dust particles in the dust-laden airflow is large, the dust particles can be captured by inertial collision and interception. But when the dust particle size is very small, especially when it is less than 0.1nm, the gas molecules in the gas flow have enough impact on the dust particles, causing them to perform irregular Brownian motion after the collision. During the irregular Brownian motion, those dust particles that are very close to the fog droplets may collide with them and be captured. This process is called diffusion and dust capture.

The diffusion effect of dust gradually increases with the increase of its collision probability with fog droplets. The increase of the collision probability is accompanied by the smaller the dust particles, the slower the flow velocity, and the higher the temperature, the thermal movement of the dust particles will be accelerated.

Gravity dust collection

When the dust particles move with the gas, the fog droplets will capture those dust particles with large particle size and density, and this process is called gravity dust capture. The particle size, density and gas velocity of the dust particles together determine the magnitude of the gravitational effect. The efficiency of gravity dust collection is directly proportional to the particle size and density of dust particles, and inversely proportional to the air velocity.

In the practical application of the dust removal mechanism, it is often not that one of the mechanisms works alone, but the interaction of multiple mechanisms determines the efficiency of dust removal, which will make the dust removal efficiency higher than that of a single mechanism. However, since dust of a certain particle size will be captured by different mechanisms, but its captured efficiency can only be calculated once, so the total efficiency of dust removal cannot be simply compared with the dust removal efficiency produced by different related mechanisms. plus said.

To sum up, the particle size of fog droplets is a key factor affecting the dust removal efficiency. The dust removal efficiency is inversely proportional to the droplet size. However, in practical applications, if the particle size of the droplets is too small, the evaporation and rupture will be too fast, and the total number of droplets will be too large. On the contrary, the dust removal efficiency will be too low, resulting in an extremely negative effect. In addition, experiments and studies by a large number of experts and scholars at home and abroad have shown that the effect of atomization dust removal is the best when the running speed of the droplets is 20~30m/s. The conventional micro-mist dedusting method consumes a lot of water, and the scope of application is small, the particle size of the water droplets produced is too large, the dust removal efficiency is low, and it causes a great waste of water resources, especially the effect on respirable dust is not significant. The high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression technology has been widely used and developed in China in recent years, and has overcome the problem of poor effect on small particle size dust. Experiments have shown that high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression technology can effectively improve water utilization, and generally save 50%-80% of water.

The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes made according to the technical solution of the present invention, when the functional effect produced does not exceed the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

references:

[1] Quan Zhen. Experimental research on high-pressure micro-mist dedusting system of belt drive station in Shengli East Second Mine of Datang [D]. Liaoning University of Engineering and Technology, 2013.

Claims (10)

1. An intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system is characterized in that: it comprises a main control board and a dust concentration sensor connected to the main control board, a blasting impact sensor, a time sensor, a manual interaction unit, and a high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression unit; The dust concentration sensor is used to detect the dust concentration at the work site, the blasting impact sensor is used to detect air shock waves, the time sensor is used for timing, and the high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression unit realizes the generation of micro-mist and the function of spray dust removal. 2. The intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression unit includes a water inlet pipe, a filter, a high-pressure pump, a high-pressure water pipe, and a micro-mist nozzle connected in sequence along the water flow direction, The reclaimed water entering from the water inlet pipe is filtered by the filter, boosted by the high-pressure pump, and transported to the use site through the high-pressure water pipe, and then the nano-level micro-mist is generated by the micro-mist nozzle to carry out the dust reduction operation. 3. The intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system according to claim 2, wherein the high-pressure pump is connected to the main control board via a three-phase motor. 4. The intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system according to claim 2, characterized in that: it also includes a water level sensor and a nozzle pressure sensor connected to the main control board, and the water level sensor is used to detect the water tank that supplies water to the water inlet pipe The water level, the nozzle pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the high-pressure water pipe. 5. The intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: the water inlet pipe is also provided with a water inlet pressure gauge for detecting and displaying the water inlet pressure, and the high pressure water pipe A water outlet pressure gauge for detecting and displaying water outlet pressure is also provided. 6. The intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: the filter is a filter sponge to remove small particles of impurities in the water entering the water inlet pipe. 7. The intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the blasting impact sensor is a vibration sensor or an acoustic wave sensor, and the time sensor is a timer. 8. The intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the manual interaction unit includes a liquid crystal display and buttons; the liquid crystal display is a liquid crystal touch display. 9. A dust suppression method based on the intelligent high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression system according to claim 4, characterized in that: comprising the following steps, S1: Turn on the system and set the system parameters through the manual interaction unit, including the scheduled time for timing the time sensor and the dust concentration threshold; S2: Start the time sensor to start timing, and start the dust concentration sensor and blasting impact sensor at the same time to detect the dust concentration and air shock wave at the work site respectively; S3: If one of the conditions that the timing time reaches the predetermined time, the dust concentration at the work site detected by the dust concentration sensor is greater than the dust concentration threshold, or the blasting shock sensor detects the air shock wave is met, the high-pressure pump is started to draw water from the water tank, and the water flows through the filter. The pump flows to the high-pressure water pipe, and the nano-level micro-mist is generated by the micro-mist nozzle to carry out dust reduction operations. 10. The dust reduction method according to claim 9, characterized in that: before the step S3, the water level of the water tank and the pressure of the high-pressure water pipe need to be detected in real time by the water level sensor and the nozzle pressure sensor.