CN106035416A - 一种有效提高辣椒种子发芽率的催芽剂 - Google Patents
一种有效提高辣椒种子发芽率的催芽剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种有效提高辣椒种子发芽率的催芽剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：茄子叶3.1~3.3份、花菜叶2.6~2.8份、苦瓜叶2.5~2.7份、芋头叶3.4~3.6份、板栗树皮18~20份、柿子树皮22~24份、柠檬树汁5.2~5.4份、梨树汁4.7~4.9份、李树汁4.2~4.4份、白花蛇舌草0.33~0.35份、抱树莲0.32~0.34份、布朗耳蕨0.29~0.31份、苍耳子0.41~0.43份、蔗糖2.1~2.3份、细胞分裂素1.7~1.9份、多效唑1.4~1.6份、糠醛1.5~1.7份、萘乙酸2.2~2.4份；本发明不但能够有效软化辣椒种子的种皮，使种皮表面开裂，促进胚种分化，从而提高种子发芽率，而且能够有效杀死种子表面和内部的有害菌，降低后期幼苗的病害率，有效增强种子的防腐能力，使得种子不易发生腐烂，促进种子的萌发能力，缩短催芽时间，提高发芽速率。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于蔬菜种植技术领域，尤其是一种有效提高辣椒种子发芽率的催芽剂。
背景技术
辣椒对口腔及胃肠有刺激作用，能增强肠胃蠕动，促进消化液分泌，改善食欲，并能抑制肠内异常发酵；辣椒含有丰富的维生素，尤其是维生素C，可使体内多余的胆固醇转变为胆汁酸，从而预防胆结石，已患胆结石者多吃富含维生素C的辣椒，对缓解病情有一定作用；牙买加的科学家通过实验证明，辣椒中富含的辣椒素能显著降低血糖水平，缓解诸多疾病引起的皮肤疼痛；辣椒含有一种成分，可以通过扩张血管，刺激体内生热系统，有效地燃烧体内的脂肪，加快新陈代谢，使体内的热量消耗速度加快，从而达到减肥的效果；中医认为辛辣食物既能促进血液循环，又能增进脑细胞活性，有助延缓衰老，纾缓多种疾病。
随着辣椒的营养价值和调味作用被人们所熟知，辣椒的市场需求量日益增长，常规播种的辣椒种子发芽时间长，发芽率低，出苗不整齐，在冬春低温季节尤为突出，严重影响辣椒育苗质量，给实际生产带来障碍；辣椒种子发芽迟缓，发芽率低可能的原因是种子表面有抑制萌发的物质，同时存在种皮障碍，阻碍了种子吸收水分和氧气、束缚了胚的增大和向外生长，导致其自然发芽困难，发芽时间较长，发芽率低，致使辣椒种苗的产量小，无法解决种苗的供需矛盾，不能满足生产上的需要；因此，提高种子发芽率，避免发芽不整齐，是目前亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明旨在提供一种有效提高辣椒种子发芽率的催芽剂，不但能够有效提高种子的发芽率，且使得种子发芽整齐均匀。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种有效提高辣椒种子发芽率的催芽剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：茄子叶3.1~3.3份、花菜叶2.6~2.8份、苦瓜叶2.5~2.7份、芋头叶3.4~3.6份、板栗树皮18~20份、柿子树皮22~24份、柠檬树汁5.2~5.4份、梨树汁4.7~4.9份、李树汁4.2~4.4份、白花蛇舌草0.33~0.35份、抱树莲0.32~0.34份、布朗耳蕨0.29~0.31份、苍耳子0.41~0.43份、蔗糖2.1~2.3份、细胞分裂素1.7~1.9份、多效唑1.4~1.6份、糠醛1.5~1.7份、萘乙酸2.2~2.4份。
作为发明进一步的方案：一种有效提高辣椒种子发芽率的催芽剂的制备方法，具体的包括以下步骤：
a、将茄子叶、花菜叶、苦瓜叶和芋头叶投入转速为5400~5500r/min的粉碎机粉碎590~600s，加入茄子叶重量52~54倍量的水，大火煮沸，中火熬煮12~14min，文火熬煮26~28min，转速15500~16000r/min，离心800~810s,得蔬菜叶渣一和蔬菜叶提取液一；向蔬菜叶渣一中加入其重量15~17倍量的水，并加入蔗糖搅拌均匀，大火煮沸，中火熬煮8~10min，文火熬煮31~33min，转速15500~16000r/min，离心840~850s,得蔬菜叶渣二和蔬菜叶提取液二；合并蔬菜叶提取液一和蔬菜叶提取液二，文火熬煮18~20min，室温自然冷却，得蔬菜叶提取液，备用；
b、向板栗树皮和柿子树皮中加入板栗树皮重量32~34倍量的水，大火煮沸，中火熬煮7~9min，文火熬煮28~30min，过滤，得果树皮渣一和果树皮提取液一；将果树皮渣一投入转速为6300~6400r/min的粉碎机粉碎770~780s，过120~130目筛，得果树皮粉；向果树皮粉中加入其重量14~16倍量的水，大火煮沸，中火熬煮6~8min，文火熬煮29~31min，转速15500~16000r/min，离心750~760s,得果树皮渣二和果树皮提取液二；合并果树皮提取液一和果树皮提取液二，加入檬树汁、梨树汁和李树汁混合搅拌均匀，文火熬煮11~13min，室温自然冷却，得果树提取液，备用；
c、向白花蛇舌草、抱树莲、布朗耳蕨和苍耳子中加入白花蛇舌草重量65~67倍量的水，大火煮沸，中火熬煮6~8min，文火熬煮30~32min，过滤，得中药渣一和中药提取液一；将中药渣投入转速为6600~6700r/min的粉碎机粉碎750~760s，过120~130目筛，得中药粉；向中药粉中加入其重量28~30倍量、质量分数为39~41%的乙醇，大火煮沸，中火熬煮7~9min，文火熬煮26~28min，转速15500-16000r/min，离心680~690s,得中药渣二和中药提取液二；合并中药提取液一和中药提取液二，文火熬煮8~10min，室温自然冷却，得中药提取液，备用；
d、将蔬菜叶提取液、果树提取液和中药提取液用转速为420~430r/min的搅拌器搅拌920~930s,加入蔬菜叶提取液重量16~18倍量的水，大火煮沸，文火熬煮19~21min，室温冷却至温度为38~40℃，加入细胞分裂素、多效唑、糠醛和萘乙酸用转速为550~560r/min的搅拌器混合搅拌880~890s，室温自然冷却，得催芽剂。
作为发明进一步的方案：本发明所使用的茄子叶、花菜叶、苦瓜叶、芋头叶、板栗树皮和柿子树皮含量均以鲜重重量计。
作为发明进一步的方案：本发明所使用的白花蛇舌草、抱树莲、布朗耳蕨和苍耳子含量均以干重重量计。
作为发明进一步的方案：使用本发明催芽剂浸泡辣椒种子时，催芽剂与辣椒种子的重量比是1:2.4~2.6，浸泡时间为15~20h。
本发明的有益效果：本发明提供的一种有效提高辣椒种子发芽率的催芽剂，能够有效软化辣椒种子的种皮，使种皮表面开裂，促进胚种分化，从而提高种子发芽率；加入白花蛇舌草、抱树莲、布朗耳蕨和苍耳子，并提取其中的有效营养成分，能够有效增强种子的细胞活性，促进种子对营养成分的吸收转化和利用；加入茄子叶、花菜叶、苦瓜叶和芋头叶，并提取其中的有效营养成分，根据幼苗的生长结构，能够为后期幼苗的生长提供所需营养物质，促进幼苗根和叶的生长；加入多种果树树皮和果树树汁，并提取其中的有效营养成分，能够为后期辣椒的生长储存营养成分，促进辣椒植株的茂密生长，提高辣椒的产量；加入细胞分裂素、多效唑、糠醛和萘乙酸，作用相互促进，不但能够有效杀死种子表面和内部的有害菌，降低后期幼苗的病害率，而且能够有效增强种子的防腐能力，使得种子不易发生腐烂，促进种子的萌发能力，缩短催芽时间，提高发芽速率。
具体实施方式
下面用具体实施例说明本发明，但并不是对本发明的限制。
实施例1
本发明实施例中，一种有效提高辣椒种子发芽率的催芽剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：茄子叶3.1份、花菜叶2.6份、苦瓜叶2.5份、芋头叶3.4份、板栗树皮18份、柿子树皮22份、柠檬树汁5.2份、梨树汁4.7份、李树汁4.2份、白花蛇舌草0.33份、抱树莲0.32份、布朗耳蕨0.29份、苍耳子0.41份、蔗糖2.1份、细胞分裂素1.7份、多效唑1.4份、糠醛1.5份、萘乙酸2.2份。
作为发明进一步的方案：一种有效提高辣椒种子发芽率的催芽剂的制备方法，具体的包括以下步骤：
a、将茄子叶、花菜叶、苦瓜叶和芋头叶投入转速为5400r/min的粉碎机粉碎590s，
加入茄子叶重量52倍量的水，大火煮沸，中火熬煮12min，文火熬煮26min，转速15500r/min，离心800s,得蔬菜叶渣一和蔬菜叶提取液一；向蔬菜叶渣一中加入其重量15倍量的水，并加入蔗糖搅拌均匀，大火煮沸，中火熬煮8min，文火熬煮31min，转速15500r/min，离心840s,得蔬菜叶渣二和蔬菜叶提取液二；合并蔬菜叶提取液一和蔬菜叶提取液二，文火熬煮18min，室温自然冷却，得蔬菜叶提取液，备用；
b、向板栗树皮和柿子树皮中加入板栗树皮重量32倍量的水，大火煮沸，中火熬煮7min，文火熬煮28min，过滤，得果树皮渣一和果树皮提取液一；将果树皮渣一投入转速为6300r/min的粉碎机粉碎770s，过120目筛，得果树皮粉；向果树皮粉中加入其重量14倍量的水，大火煮沸，中火熬煮6min，文火熬煮29min，转速15500r/min，离心750s,得果树皮渣二和果树皮提取液二；合并果树皮提取液一和果树皮提取液二，加入檬树汁、梨树汁和李树汁混合搅拌均匀，文火熬煮11min，室温自然冷却，得果树提取液，备用；
c、向白花蛇舌草、抱树莲、布朗耳蕨和苍耳子中加入白花蛇舌草重量65倍量的水，大火煮沸，中火熬煮6min，文火熬煮30min，过滤，得中药渣一和中药提取液一；将中药渣投入转速为6600r/min的粉碎机粉碎750s，过120目筛，得中药粉；向中药粉中加入其重量28倍量、质量分数为39%的乙醇，大火煮沸，中火熬煮7min，文火熬煮26min，转速15500r/min，离心680s,得中药渣二和中药提取液二；合并中药提取液一和中药提取液二，文火熬煮8min，室温自然冷却，得中药提取液，备用；
d、将蔬菜叶提取液、果树提取液和中药提取液用转速为420r/min的搅拌器搅拌920s,加入蔬菜叶提取液重量16倍量的水，大火煮沸，文火熬煮19min，室温冷却至温度为38℃，加入细胞分裂素、多效唑、糠醛和萘乙酸用转速为550r/min的搅拌器混合搅拌880s，室温自然冷却，得催芽剂。
作为发明进一步的方案：本发明所使用的茄子叶、花菜叶、苦瓜叶、芋头叶、板栗树皮和柿子树皮含量均以鲜重重量计。
作为发明进一步的方案：本发明所使用的白花蛇舌草、抱树莲、布朗耳蕨和苍耳子含量均以干重重量计。
作为发明进一步的方案：使用本发明催芽剂浸泡辣椒种子时，催芽剂与辣椒种子的重量比是1:2.4，浸泡时间为20h。
实施例2
本发明实施例中，与实施例1不同之处在于原料重量份数的不同，其他条件均相同。
一种有效提高辣椒种子发芽率的催芽剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：茄子叶3.2份、花菜叶2.7份、苦瓜叶2.6份、芋头叶3.5份、板栗树皮19份、柿子树皮23份、柠檬树汁5.3份、梨树汁4.8份、李树汁4.3份、白花蛇舌草0.34份、抱树莲0.33份、布朗耳蕨0.3份、苍耳子0.42份、蔗糖2.2份、细胞分裂素1.8份、多效唑1.5份、糠醛1.6份、萘乙酸2.3份。
实施例3
本发明实施例中，与实施例1不同之处在于原料重量份数的不同，其他条件均相同。
一种有效提高辣椒种子发芽率的催芽剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：茄子叶3.3份、花菜叶2.8份、苦瓜叶2.7份、芋头叶3.6份、板栗树皮20份、柿子树皮24份、柠檬树汁5.4份、梨树汁4.9份、李树汁4.4份、白花蛇舌草0.35份、抱树莲0.34份、布朗耳蕨0.31份、苍耳子0.43份、蔗糖2.3份、细胞分裂素1.9份、多效唑1.6份、糠醛1.7份、萘乙酸2.4份。
挑选籽粒饱满的辣椒种子400粒，平均分为4组，每组100粒，使用本实施例催芽剂与对比例普通催芽剂浸泡辣椒种子20h，催芽结果对比如下表：
表1 实施例催芽剂和对比例普通催芽剂的催芽结果
| 项 目 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 对比例 |
| 催芽5h发芽种子数 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 0 |
| 催芽10h发芽种子数 | 72 | 72 | 73 | 18 |
| 催芽15h发芽种子数 | 90 | 91 | 91 | 48 |
| 发芽率（%） | 98 | 99 | 99 | 61 |
由表1可知，使用本实施例催芽剂进行辣椒种子催芽，不但能够有效缩短催芽时间，而且能够有效提高发芽率，从而提高种植户的经济效益。
Claims (2)
1.一种有效提高辣椒种子发芽率的催芽剂，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：茄子叶3.1~3.3份、花菜叶2.6~2.8份、苦瓜叶2.5~2.7份、芋头叶3.4~3.6份、板栗树皮18~20份、柿子树皮22~24份、柠檬树汁5.2~5.4份、梨树汁4.7~4.9份、李树汁4.2~4.4份、白花蛇舌草0.33~0.35份、抱树莲0.32~0.34份、布朗耳蕨0.29~0.31份、苍耳子0.41~0.43份、蔗糖2.1~2.3份、细胞分裂素1.7~1.9份、多效唑1.4~1.6份、糠醛1.5~1.7份、萘乙酸2.2~2.4份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的有效提高辣椒种子发芽率的催芽剂的制备方法，其特征在于，具体的包括以下步骤：
a、将茄子叶、花菜叶、苦瓜叶和芋头叶投入转速为5400~5500r/min的粉碎机粉碎590~600s，
加入茄子叶重量52~54倍量的水，大火煮沸，中火熬煮12~14min，文火熬煮26~28min，转速15500~16000r/min，离心800~810s,得蔬菜叶渣一和蔬菜叶提取液一；向蔬菜叶渣一中加入其重量15~17倍量的水，并加入蔗糖搅拌均匀，大火煮沸，中火熬煮8~10min，文火熬煮31~33min，转速15500~16000r/min，离心840~850s,得蔬菜叶渣二和蔬菜叶提取液二；合并蔬菜叶提取液一和蔬菜叶提取液二，文火熬煮18~20min，室温自然冷却，得蔬菜叶提取液，备用；
b、向板栗树皮和柿子树皮中加入板栗树皮重量32~34倍量的水，大火煮沸，中火熬煮7~9min，文火熬煮28~30min，过滤，得果树皮渣一和果树皮提取液一；将果树皮渣一投入转速为6300~6400r/min的粉碎机粉碎770~780s，过120~130目筛，得果树皮粉；向果树皮粉中加入其重量14~16倍量的水，大火煮沸，中火熬煮6~8min，文火熬煮29~31min，转速15500~16000r/min，离心750~760s,得果树皮渣二和果树皮提取液二；合并果树皮提取液一和果树皮提取液二，加入檬树汁、梨树汁和李树汁混合搅拌均匀，文火熬煮11~13min，室温自然冷却，得果树提取液，备用；
c、向白花蛇舌草、抱树莲、布朗耳蕨和苍耳子中加入白花蛇舌草重量65~67倍量的水，大火煮沸，中火熬煮6~8min，文火熬煮30~32min，过滤，得中药渣一和中药提取液一；将中药渣投入转速为6600~6700r/min的粉碎机粉碎750~760s，过120~130目筛，得中药粉；向中药粉中加入其重量28~30倍量、质量分数为39~41%的乙醇，大火煮沸，中火熬煮7~9min，文火熬煮26~28min，转速15500-16000r/min，离心680~690s,得中药渣二和中药提取液二；合并中药提取液一和中药提取液二，文火熬煮8~10min，室温自然冷却，得中药提取液，备用；
d、将蔬菜叶提取液、果树提取液和中药提取液用转速为420~430r/min的搅拌器搅拌920~930s,加入蔬菜叶提取液重量16~18倍量的水，大火煮沸，文火熬煮19~21min，室温冷却至温度为38~40℃，加入细胞分裂素、多效唑、糠醛和萘乙酸用转速为550~560r/min的搅拌器混合搅拌880~890s，室温自然冷却，得催芽剂。
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Application publication date: 20161026 |