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CN106021756A - Method for assessing insulation state of oil paper based on characteristic quantity of frequency domain dielectric spectroscopy - Google Patents

Method for assessing insulation state of oil paper based on characteristic quantity of frequency domain dielectric spectroscopy Download PDF

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CN106021756A
CN106021756A CN201610362174.1A CN201610362174A CN106021756A CN 106021756 A CN106021756 A CN 106021756A CN 201610362174 A CN201610362174 A CN 201610362174A CN 106021756 A CN106021756 A CN 106021756A
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oil
dielectric loss
dielectric
paper insulation
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张涛
刘雅琴
张晓林
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
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    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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    • G06F30/36Circuit design at the analogue level
    • G06F30/367Design verification, e.g. using simulation, simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis [SPICE], direct methods or relaxation methods
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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Abstract

一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的方法,利用线性介质响应等值电路模拟变压器油纸绝缘系统的极化特性,建立线性介质响应等值电路参数与频域特征量复电容和介质损耗因数的关系式;然后利用测量高频段的复电容和介损特征量参数化等值电路模型,最后对预测段的低频段介损曲线进行积分:在介损频域谱中对频率段范围内等分为n个频率点(n≥1),n个频率点对应n个介损积分值,将n个频率与其对应的介损积分值拟合成一条函数曲线。本发明为了能在有限的测量频域内获取到了更多的介质损耗因素所携带的绝缘信息,引入了在预测的低频段内采用介质损耗因素的积分作为绝缘状态评估的特征参量,利用计算得到的低频段介损积分值可准确定量评估油纸绝缘老化状态。

A method for evaluating the state of oil-paper insulation based on frequency-domain dielectric spectrum characteristic quantities, using linear dielectric response equivalent circuits to simulate the polarization characteristics of transformer oil-paper insulation systems, and establishing linear dielectric response equivalent circuit parameters and frequency-domain characteristic quantities complex capacitance and The relational expression of the dielectric loss factor; then the equivalent circuit model is parameterized by measuring the complex capacitance of the high-frequency band and the dielectric loss characteristic quantity, and finally the low-frequency band dielectric loss curve of the prediction segment is integrated: the frequency segment is calculated in the dielectric loss frequency domain spectrum The range is equally divided into n frequency points (n≥1), and n frequency points correspond to n dielectric loss integral values, and n frequencies and their corresponding dielectric loss integral values are fitted into a function curve. In order to obtain more insulation information carried by the dielectric loss factor in the limited measurement frequency domain, the present invention introduces the integral of the dielectric loss factor in the predicted low frequency band as the characteristic parameter of the insulation state evaluation, and uses the calculated The integral value of dielectric loss in the low frequency band can accurately and quantitatively evaluate the aging state of oil-paper insulation.

Description

一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的方法A Method for Evaluating Oil-Paper Insulation State Based on Frequency-Domain Dielectric Spectrum Feature Quantities

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及电气设备绝缘老化与寿命预测技术领域,特别涉及一种基于频域介电谱特征量定量评估油浸式电力变压器油纸绝缘老化状态的方法。The invention relates to the technical field of electrical equipment insulation aging and life prediction, in particular to a method for quantitatively evaluating the aging state of oil-paper insulation of an oil-immersed power transformer based on frequency-domain dielectric spectrum characteristic quantities.

背景技术Background technique

电力变压器作为电力传输和分配的核心和枢纽,是电力系统中最重要、最昂贵的设备之一,其运行状况的优劣直接影响到电网的安全与稳定。油浸式变压器主要分为外绝缘和内绝缘,外绝缘是周边的空气绝缘,内绝缘是变压器内部的绝缘,油纸绝缘是变压器内绝缘的主要组成部分,油纸绝缘系统是一种复合式油-纸绝缘结构,在长期运行过程中电、热等因素的影响其物理、化学结构都发生了不同程度的改变,使其本身的介电特性也随之变化,从而油纸绝缘系统逐渐老化,引起变压器绝缘性能降低,降低了变压器的电气寿命和机械寿命,所以准确评估变压器油纸绝缘老化的状态,对于保证电网的正常运行,具有很重要的意义。因此,利用现代测试技术和分析手段,深入研究能有效反映电力变压器油纸绝缘老化状态的特征参量,进而对变压器的绝缘状态进行评估,减小事故发生率,已经成为电力行业和相关研究部门关注的热点和迫切需要解决的技术难题。Power transformer, as the core and hub of power transmission and distribution, is one of the most important and expensive equipment in the power system, and its operating status directly affects the safety and stability of the power grid. Oil-immersed transformers are mainly divided into external insulation and internal insulation. The external insulation is the surrounding air insulation, the internal insulation is the insulation inside the transformer, and the oil-paper insulation is the main component of the transformer internal insulation. The oil-paper insulation system is a composite oil- In the long-term operation of the paper insulation structure, its physical and chemical structures have changed to varying degrees under the influence of electricity, heat and other factors, so that its own dielectric properties have also changed accordingly, so that the oil-paper insulation system has gradually aged, causing transformer The insulation performance is reduced, which reduces the electrical life and mechanical life of the transformer. Therefore, it is of great significance to accurately evaluate the aging state of the oil-paper insulation of the transformer to ensure the normal operation of the power grid. Therefore, using modern testing technology and analysis methods, in-depth research on the characteristic parameters that can effectively reflect the aging state of the oil-paper insulation of power transformers, and then evaluating the insulation state of transformers and reducing the accident rate has become the focus of the power industry and related research departments. Hotspots and technical problems that urgently need to be solved.

变压器的寿命很大程度上取决于油纸绝缘的老化程度,通过测量油纸绝缘系统的介电特性数据,可以直观的了解绝缘系统的绝缘老化状态,以介质响应理论为基础的回复电压法、极化去极化电流法及频域介电谱法作为一种新型的无损电气诊断方法,利用绝缘介质的极化特性,能够提供更多绝缘老化的信息,是一种新的无损电气诊断方法,非常适合于变压器绝缘状态的现场诊断频域介电谱法。其中频域介电谱法通过交流电场作用下的极化响应,其测试频域范围较广、频带窄,具有较好的抗噪声干扰能力,而且所需试验电源电压低,使其携带信息丰富,更方便地用于变压器的现场检测。该方法使用交流低压电源,通过改变其测量频率,获取不同频率下的复电容和介质损耗因数,并获取这些特征量随频率变化的函数曲线。研究表明,复电容、介电常数、介电损耗等曲线的不同部分包含着绝缘油和绝缘纸的不同信息,通过分析不同条件下曲线各段的变化情况,确定各段与油纸绝缘系统状态信息的关系,就可以对变压器油纸绝缘状态进行诊断。The life of the transformer depends largely on the aging degree of the oil-paper insulation. By measuring the dielectric characteristic data of the oil-paper insulation system, the insulation aging state of the insulation system can be intuitively understood. The recovery voltage method and polarization method based on the dielectric response theory As a new type of nondestructive electrical diagnosis method, depolarization current method and frequency domain dielectric spectrum method can provide more information on insulation aging by using the polarization characteristics of the insulating medium. Frequency-domain dielectric spectroscopy suitable for on-site diagnosis of transformer insulation status. Among them, the frequency-domain dielectric spectrum method uses the polarization response under the action of an AC electric field. Its test frequency range is wide and the frequency band is narrow. , more conveniently used for on-site testing of transformers. The method uses an AC low-voltage power supply, and by changing its measurement frequency, obtains complex capacitance and dielectric loss factor at different frequencies, and obtains the function curves of these characteristic quantities changing with frequency. Studies have shown that different parts of the curves of complex capacitance, dielectric constant, and dielectric loss contain different information about insulating oil and insulating paper. By analyzing the changes of each section of the curve under different conditions, the state information of each section and the oil-paper insulation system can be determined. The relationship between transformer oil and paper insulation can be diagnosed.

但现有的研究仅限于定性的分析影响因数对FDS特征参量的影响,无法定量评估绝缘老化状态,同时低频段数据测量的时间很长并容易受到现场因素的影响。However, existing research is limited to qualitative analysis of the impact of influencing factors on FDS characteristic parameters, and cannot quantitatively evaluate the insulation aging state. At the same time, the measurement time of low-frequency data is very long and is easily affected by field factors.

发明内容Contents of the invention

有鉴于此,本发明所要解决的技术问题是:针对现有的研究只是停留在定性的指明了影响因素对FDS特征参量的影响且低频段测量时间过长、特征参量数据不足等问题,提供一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的方法,即利用频域介电谱法高频段测量数据推测出低频段测量数据,引入了介质损耗因素的积分作为绝缘状态评估的特征参量,从而在有限的测量频段内获得了更多介质损耗因素所携带的绝缘信息,避免低频段数据的测量,减少频域介电谱法测量时间。In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: aiming at the problems such as the existing research only stays in qualitatively indicating the impact of influencing factors on the FDS characteristic parameters and the low frequency band measurement time is too long, the characteristic parameter data is insufficient, etc., provide a A method for evaluating the insulation state of oil-paper based on the frequency-domain dielectric spectrum characteristic quantity, that is, using the frequency-domain dielectric spectrum method to infer the low-frequency measurement data from the high-frequency measurement data, and introducing the integral of the dielectric loss factor as the characteristic parameter of the insulation state evaluation, Therefore, more insulation information carried by the dielectric loss factor can be obtained in the limited measurement frequency band, the measurement of low frequency band data can be avoided, and the measurement time of frequency domain dielectric spectroscopy can be reduced.

为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的方法,包括以下步骤:A method for evaluating the state of oil-paper insulation based on frequency-domain dielectric spectrum feature quantity, comprising the following steps:

步骤1:首先利用测量高频段的复电容和介损特征量参数化等值电路模型,利用线性介质响应等值电路模拟变压器油纸绝缘系统的极化特性,建立油纸绝缘系统线性介质响应等值电路参数与特征量复电容和介质损耗因数的关系式。Step 1: First, parameterize the equivalent circuit model by measuring the complex capacitance and dielectric loss characteristic quantities in the high frequency band, use the linear dielectric response equivalent circuit to simulate the polarization characteristics of the oil-paper insulation system of the transformer, and establish the linear dielectric response equivalent circuit of the oil-paper insulation system The relationship between parameters and characteristic quantities complex capacitance and dielectric loss factor.

CC ′′ (( ww )) == ReRe (( 11 jj ww ZZ )) == CC gg ++ ΣΣ ii == 11 nno CC ii 11 ++ (( wRwxya ii CC ii )) 22 -- -- -- (( 11 ))

CC ′′ ′′ (( ww )) == -- II mm (( 11 jj ww ZZ )) == 11 wRwxya gg ++ ΣΣ ii == 11 nno wRwxya ii CC ii 22 11 ++ (( wRwxya ii CC ii )) 22 -- -- -- (( 22 ))

tt gg δδ == CC ′′ ′′ (( ww )) // CC ′′ (( ww )) == 11 wRwxya gg ++ ΣΣ ii == 11 nno wRwxya ii CC ii 22 11 ++ (( wRwxya ii CC ii )) 22 CC 00 ++ ΣΣ ii == 11 nno CC ii 11 ++ (( wRwxya ii CC ii )) 22 -- -- -- (( 33 ))

Rg为油纸绝缘系统的绝缘电阻;Cg为真空几何电容和无损极化的等效电容之和;Ri、Ci表示油纸绝缘不同弛豫时间下的有损松弛极化;C0为油纸绝缘系统在干燥空气中的电容。R g is the insulation resistance of the oil-paper insulation system; C g is the sum of the vacuum geometric capacitance and the equivalent capacitance of lossless polarization; R i and C i represent the lossy relaxation polarization under different relaxation times of the oil-paper insulation; C 0 is Capacitance of oil-paper insulation systems in dry air.

步骤2:利用测量高频段的复电容和介损特征量参数化等值电路模型,根据改进的粒子群优化算法辨识含6种极化响应的等值电路参数值,基于辨识出线性介质响应模型等值电路参数值计算出油纸绝缘系统低频段的复电容和介损值。Step 2: Use the measured complex capacitance and dielectric loss characteristic quantities in the high-frequency band to parameterize the equivalent circuit model, and identify the equivalent circuit parameter values with 6 polarization responses based on the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm, and identify the linear dielectric response model based on The complex capacitance and dielectric loss of the oil-paper insulation system in the low frequency range are calculated from the equivalent circuit parameter values.

步骤3:对预测段的低频段介损曲线进行积分:在介损频域谱中对频率段[fmin,fmax]等分为n个频率点fn(n≥1),n个频率点对应n个介损积分值将n个频率与其对应的介损积分值拟合成一条函数曲线。Step 3: Integrate the low-frequency dielectric loss curve of the prediction segment: in the dielectric loss frequency domain spectrum, divide the frequency segment [f min , f max ] into n frequency points f n (n≥1), n frequency Points correspond to n dielectric loss integral values Fit n frequencies and their corresponding dielectric loss integral values into a function curve.

步骤4:试验研究表明,通过本方法估计的频域介电谱与测量值相吻合,在频率f<10-1Hz时,测量值与计算值的相对误差控制在±1.5%,在频率f<10-2Hz时,测量值与计算值的相对误差控制在±0.2%。Step 4: Experimental research shows that the frequency-domain dielectric spectrum estimated by this method is consistent with the measured value. When the frequency f<10 -1 Hz, the relative error between the measured value and the calculated value is controlled at ±1.5%, and at the frequency f When <10 -2 Hz, the relative error between the measured value and the calculated value is controlled at ±0.2%.

一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的方法,油纸绝缘老化状态是根据被测试品的特征量来进行定量的判断;A method for evaluating the state of oil-paper insulation based on the characteristic quantities of the frequency domain dielectric spectrum. The aging state of the oil-paper insulation is quantitatively judged according to the characteristic quantities of the tested product;

所述的一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的方法,将关系式中等效电路参数的求解转化为求解目标函数最小值的优化问题,目标函数为The method for evaluating the state of oil-paper insulation based on the frequency-domain dielectric spectrum feature quantity transforms the solution of the equivalent circuit parameters in the relational expression into an optimization problem for solving the minimum value of the objective function, and the objective function is

式中C″1(ω)和tanδ(ω)为测量的数据,tg(ω)和C'(ω)为模型参数的估计值,n为参数求解的个数。 In the formula, C″ 1 (ω) and tanδ(ω) are measured data, tg(ω) and C'(ω) are estimated values of model parameters, and n is the number of parameter solutions.

所述的一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的方法,利用测量高频段的复电容和介损特征量参数化等值电路模型,利用改进的粒子群优化算法辨识含6种极化响应的等值电路参数值。The method for evaluating the state of oil-paper insulation based on the frequency-domain dielectric spectrum feature quantity uses the measured high-frequency complex capacitance and dielectric loss feature quantity to parameterize the equivalent circuit model, and uses the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm to identify six kinds of Equivalent circuit parameter values for the polarization response.

所述的一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的方法,利用辨识出的Debye模型等值电路参数值计算出油纸绝缘系统低频段的复电容和介损值,对预测出的低频段介质损耗积分曲线进行油纸绝缘老化状态的定量评估。The method for evaluating the state of oil-paper insulation based on frequency-domain dielectric spectrum feature quantities uses the identified equivalent circuit parameter values of the Debye model to calculate the complex capacitance and dielectric loss value of the oil-paper insulation system in the low frequency band. Quantitative evaluation of the aging state of oil-paper insulation using the integral curve of dielectric loss in the low frequency band.

本发明一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的方法,优点在于:The present invention is a method for evaluating the state of oil-paper insulation based on frequency-domain dielectric spectrum feature quantity, which has the advantages of:

通过本方法估计的频域介电谱与测量值相吻合,在频率f<10-1Hz时,测量值与计算值的相对误差控制在±1.5%,在频率f<10-2Hz时,测量值与计算值的相对误差控制在±0.2%,证实了本文提出的方法的有效性和参数辨识的准确性;本发明在有限的测量频域内获取到了更多的介质损耗因素所携带的绝缘信息,避免频域介电谱法对试品进行低频段的测量,有效减少了频域介电谱法测量时间,利用计算得到的低频段介损积分值可准确定量评估油纸绝缘老化状态,该发明成果可实现基于频域介电谱方法快速评估大型电力变压器油纸绝缘状态。The frequency-domain dielectric spectrum estimated by this method is consistent with the measured value. When the frequency f<10 -1 Hz, the relative error between the measured value and the calculated value is controlled at ±1.5%, and when the frequency f<10 -2 Hz, The relative error between the measured value and the calculated value is controlled at ±0.2%, which proves the validity of the method proposed in this paper and the accuracy of parameter identification; the present invention has obtained more dielectric loss factors carried by the dielectric loss factor in the limited measurement frequency domain. information, avoiding the low-frequency measurement of the test product by the frequency-domain dielectric spectrum method, effectively reducing the measurement time of the frequency-domain dielectric spectrum method, and using the calculated integral value of the dielectric loss in the low-frequency band to accurately and quantitatively evaluate the aging state of the oil-paper insulation. The invention results can realize the rapid evaluation of the oil-paper insulation state of large-scale power transformers based on the frequency-domain dielectric spectrum method.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细描述,其中:In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical solutions and advantages clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein:

图1为本发明一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的新方法流程图;Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a new method for evaluating the state of oil-paper insulation based on the frequency-domain dielectric spectrum feature quantity of the present invention;

图2为本发明的采用线性介质响应等值电路模拟变压器油纸绝缘系极化特性的示意图;Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that adopts linear dielectric response equivalent circuit simulation transformer oil-paper insulation system polarization characteristic of the present invention;

图3为本发明的所测变压器介质损耗因数积分的计算值与测量值的对比图;Fig. 3 is the contrast figure of the calculated value and measured value of measured transformer dielectric dissipation factor integral of the present invention;

图4为本发明的所测变压器介质损耗因数积分的计算值与测量值的误差曲线图。Fig. 4 is an error curve diagram of the calculated value and the measured value of the dielectric loss factor integral of the measured transformer according to the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行详细描述。Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

图1为本发明实施例提供的一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的新方法流程图,如图所示:本发明提供的一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的新方法,包括以下步骤:Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a new method for evaluating the insulation state of oil-paper based on the frequency-domain dielectric spectrum characteristic quantity provided by the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure: a kind of evaluation oil-paper based on the frequency-domain dielectric spectrum characteristic quantity provided by the present invention A new method of insulation state, including the following steps:

步骤1利用线性介质响应等值电路模拟变压器油纸绝缘系统极化特性,建立油纸绝缘系统线性介质响应等值电路参数与特征量复电容和介质损耗因数的关系式。:Step 1 Use the linear dielectric response equivalent circuit to simulate the polarization characteristics of the transformer oil-paper insulation system, and establish the relationship between the linear dielectric response equivalent circuit parameters and the characteristic quantity complex capacitance and dielectric loss factor of the oil-paper insulation system. :

CC &prime;&prime; (( ww )) == ReRe (( 11 jj ww ZZ )) == CC gg ++ &Sigma;&Sigma; ii == 11 nno CC ii 11 ++ (( wRwxya ii CC ii )) 22 -- -- -- (( 11 ))

CC &prime;&prime; &prime;&prime; (( ww )) == -- II mm (( 11 jj ww ZZ )) == 11 wRwxya gg ++ &Sigma;&Sigma; ii == 11 nno wRwxya ii CC ii 22 11 ++ (( wRwxya ii CC ii )) 22 -- -- -- (( 22 ))

tt gg &delta;&delta; == CC &prime;&prime; &prime;&prime; (( ww )) // CC &prime;&prime; (( ww )) == 11 wRwxya gg ++ &Sigma;&Sigma; ii == 11 nno wRwxya ii CC ii 22 11 ++ (( wRwxya ii CC ii )) 22 CC 00 ++ &Sigma;&Sigma; ii == 11 nno CC ii 11 ++ (( wRwxya ii CC ii )) 22 -- -- -- (( 33 ))

Rg为油纸绝缘系统的绝缘电阻;Cg为真空几何电容和无损极化的等效电容之和;Ri、Ci表示油纸绝缘不同弛豫时间下的有损松弛极化;C0为油纸绝缘系统在干燥空气中的电容。R g is the insulation resistance of the oil-paper insulation system; C g is the sum of the vacuum geometric capacitance and the equivalent capacitance of lossless polarization; R i and C i represent the lossy relaxation polarization under different relaxation times of the oil-paper insulation; C 0 is Capacitance of oil-paper insulation systems in dry air.

步骤2:利用测量高频段的复电容和介损特征量参数化等值电路模型,利用改进的粒子群优化算法辨识含6种极化响应的等值电路参数值,将参数值计算出油纸绝缘系统低频段的复电容和介损值。Step 2: Use the measured complex capacitance and dielectric loss characteristic quantities in the high-frequency band to parameterize the equivalent circuit model, use the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm to identify the parameter values of the equivalent circuit containing 6 kinds of polarization responses, and calculate the parameter values to obtain the oil-paper insulation Complex capacitance and dielectric loss values in the low frequency band of the system.

步骤3:对预测段的介损频率谱进行积分,拟合出具有函数关系的介损积分频域谱。Step 3: Integrate the dielectric loss frequency spectrum of the prediction section, and fit the dielectric loss integral frequency domain spectrum with a functional relationship.

步骤4:对预测出的低频段介质损耗积分曲线进行油纸绝缘老化状态的定量评估.Step 4: Quantitatively evaluate the aging state of oil-paper insulation on the predicted low-frequency dielectric loss integral curve.

图2为本发明实施例提供的油纸绝缘线性介质响应模型示意图,本实施例中油纸绝缘系统的介质响应等值电路可用n个不同RC串联支路并联组成的等值电路来描述其极化特性,如图2,Rg为油纸绝缘系统的绝缘电阻;Cg为真空几何电容和无损极化的等效电容之和;Ri、Ci表示油纸绝缘不同弛豫时间下的有损松弛极化。本发明实施例辨识出的线性介质响应模型是含6种极化响应的等值电路。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the linear dielectric response model of oil-paper insulation provided by the embodiment of the present invention. The dielectric response equivalent circuit of the oil-paper insulation system in this embodiment can be described by an equivalent circuit composed of n different RC series branches in parallel to describe its polarization characteristics , as shown in Figure 2, R g is the insulation resistance of the oil-paper insulation system; C g is the sum of the vacuum geometric capacitance and the equivalent capacitance of the lossless polarization; R i and C i represent the lossy relaxation poles under different relaxation times of the oil-paper insulation change. The linear dielectric response model identified by the embodiment of the present invention is an equivalent circuit including six kinds of polarization responses.

图3为本发明实施例提供的对某变电站主变压器采用频域介电谱法进行测量,利用本发明方法得到介质损耗因数积分曲线计算值与测量值的对比图,从图中可以看出二者良好的吻合,说明辨识得到的等效电路参数的准确性,可以用低频段计算得到的介质损耗因数值评估油纸绝缘老化状态。Figure 3 is a comparison diagram of the calculated value and the measured value of the integral curve of the dielectric loss factor obtained by using the method of the present invention to measure the main transformer of a certain substation using the frequency domain dielectric spectrum method provided by the embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from the figure that two The good agreement of the two results shows that the equivalent circuit parameters obtained by identification are accurate, and the dielectric loss factor value calculated in the low frequency band can be used to evaluate the aging state of oil-paper insulation.

图4为本发明实施例提供的变压器介质损耗因数积分的频域谱计算值与测量值的误差曲线图,试验研究表明,通过本方法估计的频域介电谱与测量值相吻合,在频率f<10-1Hz时,测量值与计算值的相对误差控制在±1.5%,在频率f<10-2Hz时,测量值与计算值的相对误差控制在±0.2%。可知误差曲线图也在要求范围之内,可以得出本文计算模型的可行性等效电路参数的获得将有助于分析随着绝缘状态的变化引起介电响应特征量的变化,为评估变压器提供了研究的理论基础,它能有效地分析特征量与绝缘参数之间的关系,具有重要的意义。Fig. 4 is the error graph of the frequency-domain spectrum calculated value and measured value of transformer dielectric loss factor integration that the embodiment of the present invention provides, experimental research shows, the frequency-domain dielectric spectrum estimated by this method coincides with the measured value, at frequency When f<10 -1 Hz, the relative error between the measured value and the calculated value is controlled at ±1.5%, and when the frequency f<10 -2 Hz, the relative error between the measured value and the calculated value is controlled at ±0.2%. It can be seen that the error curve is also within the required range, and it can be concluded that the feasibility of the calculation model in this paper. The acquisition of equivalent circuit parameters will help to analyze the change of dielectric response characteristic quantities caused by the change of insulation state, and provide information for the evaluation of transformers. It can effectively analyze the relationship between characteristic quantities and insulation parameters, which is of great significance.

以上所述仅为本发明优选实施例而已,当然不能以此来限定本发明,因此等同变化,仍属本发明所包含范围。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and certainly cannot be used to limit the present invention, so equivalent changes still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1.一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:1. A method for evaluating oil-paper insulation state based on frequency-domain dielectric spectrum feature quantity, is characterized in that comprising the following steps: 步骤1:首先利用线性介质响应等值电路模拟变压器油纸绝缘系统的极化特性,建立线性介质响应等值电路参数与频域特征量复电容和介质损耗因数的关系式;Step 1: First use the linear dielectric response equivalent circuit to simulate the polarization characteristics of the transformer oil-paper insulation system, and establish the relationship between the linear dielectric response equivalent circuit parameters and the frequency domain characteristic quantity complex capacitance and dielectric loss factor; 步骤2:然后利用测量高频段的复电容和介损特征量参数化等值电路模型,根据改进的粒子群优化算法辨识模拟含6种极化响应的等值电路参数值,基于辨识出参数值估算出油纸绝缘系统低频段的复电容和介损值;Step 2: Then use the measured complex capacitance and dielectric loss characteristic quantities in the high frequency band to parameterize the equivalent circuit model, and identify and simulate the parameter values of the equivalent circuit with six polarization responses based on the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm. Based on the identified parameter values Estimate the complex capacitance and dielectric loss value of the low frequency band of the oil-paper insulation system; 步骤3:最后对预测段的低频段介损曲线进行积分:在介损频域谱中对频率段[fmin,fmax]等分为n个频率点fn(n≥1),n个频率点对应n个介损积分值,将n个频率与其对应的介损积分值拟合成一条函数曲线;Step 3: Finally, integrate the low-frequency dielectric loss curve of the prediction segment: in the dielectric loss frequency domain spectrum, divide the frequency segment [f min , f max ] into n frequency points f n (n≥1), n Frequency points correspond to n dielectric loss integral values, Fit n frequencies and their corresponding dielectric loss integral values into a function curve; 步骤4:通过本方法估计的频域介电谱与测量值相吻合,在频率f<10-1Hz时,测量值与计算值的相对误差控制在±1.5%,在频率f<10-2Hz时,测量值与计算值的相对误差控制在±0.2%。Step 4: The frequency-domain dielectric spectrum estimated by this method is consistent with the measured value. When the frequency f<10 -1 Hz, the relative error between the measured value and the calculated value is controlled at ±1.5%, and at the frequency f<10 -2 Hz, the relative error between the measured value and the calculated value is controlled at ±0.2%. 2.根据权利要求1所述一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的方法,其特征在于:油纸绝缘老化状态是根据被测试品的特征量来进行定量的判断。2. A method for evaluating the state of oil-paper insulation based on frequency domain dielectric spectrum characteristic quantities according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aging state of oil-paper insulation is quantitatively judged according to the characteristic quantities of the tested product. 3.根据权利要求1所述一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的方法,其特征在于:所述油纸绝缘系统Debye模型等值电路参数与特征量复电容和介质损耗因数的关系式为:3. A method for evaluating the state of oil-paper insulation based on frequency-domain dielectric spectrum characteristic quantities according to claim 1, characterized in that: said oil-paper insulation system Debye model equivalent circuit parameters and characteristic quantities complex capacitance and dielectric loss factor The relationship is: CC &prime;&prime; (( ww )) == ReRe (( 11 jj ww ZZ )) == CC gg ++ &Sigma;&Sigma; ii == 11 nno CC ii 11 ++ (( wRwxya ii CC ii )) 22 -- -- -- (( 11 )) CC &prime;&prime; &prime;&prime; (( ww )) == -- II mm (( 11 jj ww ZZ )) == 11 wRwxya gg ++ &Sigma;&Sigma; ii == 11 nno wRwxya ii CC ii 22 11 ++ (( wRwxya ii CC ii )) 22 -- -- -- (( 22 )) tt gg &delta;&delta; == CC &prime;&prime; &prime;&prime; (( ww )) // CC &prime;&prime; (( ww )) == 11 wRwxya gg ++ &Sigma;&Sigma; ii == 11 nno wRwxya ii CC ii 22 11 ++ (( wRwxya ii CC ii )) 22 CC 00 ++ &Sigma;&Sigma; ii == 11 nno CC ii 11 ++ (( wRwxya ii CC ii )) 22 -- -- -- (( 33 )) Rg为油纸绝缘系统的绝缘电阻;Cg为真空几何电容和无损极化的等效电容之和;Ri、Ci表示油纸绝缘不同弛豫时间下的有损松弛极化;C0为油纸绝缘系统在干燥空气中的电容。R g is the insulation resistance of the oil-paper insulation system; C g is the sum of the vacuum geometric capacitance and the equivalent capacitance of the lossless polarization; R i and C i represent the lossy relaxation polarization under different relaxation times of the oil-paper insulation; C 0 is Capacitance of oil-paper insulation systems in dry air. 4.根据权利要求1所述一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的方法,其特征在于:将关系式中等效电路参数的求解转化为求解目标函数最小值的优化问题,目标函数为式中C″1(ω)和tanδ(ω)为测量的数据,tg(ω)和C'(ω)为模型参数的估计值,n为参数求解的个数。4. According to claim 1, a method for evaluating the state of oil-paper insulation based on the frequency-domain dielectric spectrum characteristic quantity is characterized in that: the solution of the equivalent circuit parameters in the relational expression is converted into an optimization problem for solving the minimum value of the objective function, and the objective The function is In the formula, C″ 1 (ω) and tanδ(ω) are measured data, tg(ω) and C'(ω) are estimated values of model parameters, and n is the number of parameter solutions. 5.根据权利要求1所述一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的方法,其特征在于:利用测量高频段的复电容和介损特征量参数化等值电路模型,利用改进的粒子群优化算法辨识含6种极化响应的等值电路参数值。5. According to claim 1, a method for evaluating the state of oil-paper insulation based on the frequency-domain dielectric spectrum characteristic quantity is characterized in that: the equivalent circuit model is parameterized by measuring the complex capacitance and dielectric loss characteristic quantity of the high-frequency band, and the improved The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to identify the parameter values of the equivalent circuit with six kinds of polarization responses. 6.根据权利要求1所述一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的方法,其特征在于:引入介损积分曲线概念,即在介损频域谱中对频率段[fmin,fmax]等分为n个频率点fn(n≥1),n个频率点对应n个介损积分值则介损积分值随频率变化的曲线即为介损积分曲线。6. A method for evaluating the state of oil-paper insulation based on the frequency-domain dielectric spectrum characteristic quantity according to claim 1, characterized in that: the concept of the dielectric loss integral curve is introduced, that is, in the dielectric loss frequency-domain spectrum, the frequency segment [f min , f max ] are equally divided into n frequency points f n (n≥1), and n frequency points correspond to n dielectric loss integral values Then the curve of the dielectric loss integral value changing with the frequency is the dielectric loss integral curve. 7.根据权利要求1所述一种基于频域介电谱特征量评估油纸绝缘状态的方法,其特征在于:利用辨识出的线性介质响应等值电路参数值计算出油纸绝缘系统低频段的复电容和介损值,对预测出的低频段介质损耗积分曲线进行油纸绝缘老化状态的定量评估。7. A method for evaluating the state of oil-paper insulation based on frequency-domain dielectric spectrum feature quantities according to claim 1, characterized in that: use the identified linear dielectric response equivalent circuit parameter value to calculate the complex value of the low-frequency band of the oil-paper insulation system Capacitance and dielectric loss values, quantitative evaluation of the aging state of oil-paper insulation based on the predicted low-frequency dielectric loss integral curve.
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CN112798663B (en) * 2021-01-06 2024-02-02 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 Method and system for evaluating moisture content of oil-immersed paper board in oil-immersed power equipment
CN113075268A (en) * 2021-03-30 2021-07-06 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 Insulation sleeve X-wax defect detection method and system based on FDS
CN113447537A (en) * 2021-06-25 2021-09-28 海南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Oiled paper insulation frequency domain dielectric spectrum measuring method and device, storage medium and terminal
CN115015684A (en) * 2022-08-10 2022-09-06 山东和兑智能科技有限公司 High-voltage bushing digital evaluation method and system based on time-frequency domain feature fusion
CN115063049A (en) * 2022-08-16 2022-09-16 山东和兑智能科技有限公司 High-voltage bushing multidimensional state monitoring system and method based on micro intelligent sensor
CN118937935A (en) * 2024-10-12 2024-11-12 苏州安钛电气科技有限公司 A method for correcting the dielectric loss factor of high-voltage power equipment
CN118937935B (en) * 2024-10-12 2025-01-24 苏州安钛电气科技有限公司 A method for correcting the dielectric loss factor of high-voltage power equipment

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