CN106013498B - Multidirectional highly energy-consuming Self-resetting marmem bilayer extrusion pressing type lead damper - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-directional high energy consumption self-resetting shape memory alloy double-layer extruded lead damper, which belongs to the technical field of energy consumption and vibration reduction of engineering structures. Install the damper on the mechanical equipment and the building structure. When working, the connecting rods on both sides of the damper will expand and twist relative to each other, so that the lead block will be squeezed in the wrong direction and the shape memory alloy will be twisted under tension and compression. Through this process, the energy consumption will be coordinated Can reduce vibration. When encountering strong vibration, it can protect buildings and equipment. The damper is designed and assembled as a double-layer lead block, and it is embedded in the two-layer linkage sleeve, thereby greatly improving the energy consumption and vibration reduction function of the damper when torsion. The shape memory alloy is placed in the inner cylinder, which has a self-resetting effect on the entire device, and the damping force is adjusted by adjusting the initial strain of the shape memory alloy. The damper has large recoverability, strong sensitivity, fatigue resistance, and high performance. Stable, less maintenance and repair costs, long service life.

Description

Multi-directional high energy consumption self-resetting shape memory alloy double-layer extruded-lead damper

technical field

The invention relates to a multi-directional high energy consumption self-resetting shape memory alloy double-layer extruded lead damper, which belongs to the technical field of energy consumption and vibration reduction of engineering structures.

Background technique

External loads such as strong earthquakes and strong winds pose a serious threat to the safety of engineering structures. Only by increasing the stiffness and strength of the structure itself cannot perform energy dissipation and shock absorption well, thereby causing damage to the structure itself. This requires that the energy input by the excitation external load be converted into heat energy or other energy forms according to a certain mechanism to dissipate it, so as to protect the structure itself from being damaged. The method of adding dampers inside and outside the structure to achieve structural vibration control shows a good control effect.

Currently commonly used energy dissipation devices have their own deficiencies, such as viscoelastic dampers are prone to aging and viscous dampers are difficult to maintain. In order to solve the problems of non-recoverability, poor durability, and need for maintenance after vibration. Shape memory alloy (Shape Memory Alloy, SMA for short) is a new type of intelligent material with shape memory function. It has its own superelasticity, its recoverable strain reaches 6% to 8%, and its ultimate strength exceeds 1000MPa. Compared with other dampers, the damper made of SMA material has the characteristics of anti-aging, strong reliability, and strong durability. The choice of this material as a damper improves the structure's ability to passively control vibrations. Among metal yield dampers, lead dampers have the characteristics of good energy dissipation performance and long service life. The working principle is that after the metal lead enters the plastic yield stage, it absorbs the energy input by the external load to achieve the effect of energy dissipation and vibration reduction. Among them, the extruded lead damper consumes energy due to the plastic deformation of the lead being extruded. However, the plastic deformation of lead after vibration cannot be self-recovered. And the traditional lead damper is not suitable for the adjustment of different tensile and torsional damping forces.

Most of the dampers that have been researched and developed are only used in the vibration control of a single direction, and the direction of the load response is usually random, so it is of practical engineering significance to study the damper with multi-directional control.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem that the structure may be damaged due to large deformation caused by strong load, the present invention provides a multi-directional high-energy-consuming self-resetting shape memory alloy double-layer extrusion-lead damper for vibration reduction and energy consumption. Because the force of the damper at the installation place may be torsion or tension and compression, so according to the multi-directionality of the external load input, the feature of the present invention is that the damper can work in both the radial direction and the circumferential direction of the damper to reduce vibration and consume energy. The model of the multi-directional high energy consumption self-resetting shape memory alloy double-layer extruded-lead damper (as shown in Figure 1), the damper is mainly composed of two parts in terms of function. The first part is the energy dissipation device utilizing lead extrusion, and the second part is the self-resetting device for each part inside the damper. The invention has the function of multi-directional adjustable damping force, and compared with the traditional one-way damper, the multi-directional damper not only superimposes the functions, but also expands its application range.

Multi-directional high energy consumption self-resetting shape memory alloy double-layer extrusion type-lead damper, including left pull ring 1, connecting rod 2, connecting cylinder 3, inner cylinder-fixing bolt 4, prestressed adjustment plate 5, outer cylinder - Fixing bolt 6, SMA spring 7, outer cylinder 8, second lead weight 9, fixed plate 10, right baffle plate 11, prestress adjusting ring plate 12, pull rod 13, right pull ring 14, connecting cylinder cover plate 15, Left cover plate 16, left baffle plate 17, SMA spring clamp 18, left pull plate 19, second inner cylinder 20, first inner cylinder 21, first lead block 22, right pull plate 23, SMA wire clamp 24, SMA wire 25. Right cover plate 26;

The first lead block 22 is installed between the pull rod 13 and the first inner cylinder 21, and the second lead block 9 is installed between the second inner cylinder 20 and the first inner cylinder 21 to form a double-layer extrusion type-lead damper;

The two ends of the outer cylinder 8 are the left cover 16 and the right cover 26 respectively, the left pull ring 1, the connecting rod 2, the connecting cylinder cover 15 and the connecting cylinder 3 are welded in sequence and fixed to the left cover 16 of the outer cylinder 8 The center of the pull rod 13 is welded to the right end of the pull ring 14, and the pull rod 13 is welded with a left baffle plate 17 and a right baffle plate 11, wherein the left baffle plate 17 is positioned at the left end of the pull rod 13, and the right baffle plate 11 is positioned at the outside of the right pull plate 23 , to prevent the internal damper from being damaged due to excessive tension and excessive displacement deformation; the middle section of the tie rod 13, that is, the welding shape between the left baffle 17 and the right baffle 11 is the rigid resistance of the first circumferential trapezoidal body; the first lead The block 22 is embedded in the groove on the inner wall of the first inner cylinder 21, and the rigidity of the first annular trapezoid prevents the embedding in the first lead block 22; the second lead block 9 is embedded in the groove on the inner wall of the second inner cylinder 20. The outer side of an inner cylinder 21 is welded with a second circumferential trapezoidal rigid barrier, and the second circumferential trapezoidal rigid barrier is embedded in the second lead block 9;

Self-resetting device is made up of SMA spring 7 and SMA wire 25, and SMA spring 7 is responsible for self-resetting when the first inner tube 21 is stretched to the left and twisting, and SMA wire 25 is responsible for self-resetting when the torsion of pull bar 13 and pulling and pressing. Four sets of SMA springs 7 are installed in the middle cavity formed between the second inner cylinder 20 and the outer cylinder 8. The left ends of the SMA springs 7 pass through the fixed plate 10, the left pull plate 19 and the prestress adjustment plate 5 in turn, and the right ends pass through in turn. The fixed plate 10 and the right pull plate 23 are tightened and tightened by the SMA spring clamp 18; a total of 9 SMA wires 25 in three rows pass through the holes opened by the pull rod 13 and the outer cylinder 8 at a circumferential angle of 45 degrees, and pass through the The prestress adjusting ring plate 12 and the SMA wire clamp 24 are fixed together; by adjusting the SMA spring clamp 18 and the SMA wire clamp 24, the initial stress deformation of the SMA spring 7 and the SMA wire 25 are respectively changed, thereby adjusting the damping force. SMA material has strong self-resetting ability due to its superelasticity, and its own characteristics such as fatigue resistance and high tensile torsional strength, which can restore the damper to its original state after high energy dissipation.

The left pull plate 19 is welded on the left side of the first inner cylinder 21, and the ring-shaped fixing plate 10 is respectively welded on the left and right sides of the second inner cylinder 20; A 40-degree annular hole; the right fixed plate 10 and the right pull plate 23 are provided with small round holes at the specified elevation axis; the prestressed adjustment plate 5 is fixed on the left pull plate 19 through the fixing bolt 4; the fixed plate 10 passes through the outer cylinder- The fixing bolt 6 is fixed on the outer cylinder 8 .

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the multi-directional high energy consumption self-resetting shape memory alloy double-layer extruded lead damper has strong stability, strong self-recovery characteristics, durability and fatigue resistance. The multi-directional high energy consumption self-resetting shape memory alloy double-layer extruded-lead damper can effectively improve the anti-vibration performance of the structure, and the arrangement of double-layer extruded lead blocks makes it have the characteristics of small deformation and high damping force. The above advantages It has a broad prospect after being applied to the market.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the a-a section of Fig. 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the b-b section of Fig. 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a c-c sectional view of Fig. 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a d-d sectional view of Fig. 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the push-pull rod of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the push-pull rod 1-1 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the push-pull rod 2-2 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the push-pull rod 3-3 of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a plan view of the prestress regulating plate of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the prestressed regulating plate of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a plan view of the fixing plate of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a sectional view of the fixing plate of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 left pull ring; 2 connecting rod; 3 connecting cylinder; 4 inner cylinder - fixing bolt; 5 prestressed adjustment plate; 6 outer cylinder - fixing bolt; 7 SMA spring; 8 outer cylinder; 9 second lead block; 10 fixed plate; 11 right baffle; 12 prestressed adjusting ring plate; 13 pull rod; 14 right pull ring; 15 connecting cylinder cover; 16 left cover; 17 left baffle; 20 second inner cylinder; 21 first inner cylinder; 22 first lead weight; 23 right pull plate; 24 SMA wire fixture; 25 SMA wire; 26 right cover plate.

detailed description

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and technical solutions.

Multi-directional high energy consumption self-resetting shape memory alloy double-layer extrusion type-lead damper, including left pull ring 1, connecting rod 2, connecting cylinder 3, inner cylinder-fixing bolt 4, prestressed adjustment plate 5, outer cylinder - Fixing bolt 6, SMA spring 7, outer cylinder 8, second lead weight 9, fixed plate 10, right baffle plate 11, prestress adjusting ring plate 12, pull rod 13, right pull ring 14, connecting cylinder cover plate 15, Left cover plate 16, left baffle plate 17, SMA spring clamp 18, left pull plate 19, second inner cylinder 20, first inner cylinder 21, first lead block 22, right pull plate 23, SMA wire clamp 24, SMA wire 25. The right cover plate 26; the left pull ring 1 and the right pull ring 14 are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees to each other on the central axis. Twist the torque in both directions for better damping.

This damper is suitable for multi-directional stress situations, and its energy dissipation and vibration reduction mechanism is explained from the circular torsion and radial tension and compression. First, when the pull rod 13 is stretched to the left, it is opposite to the first inner cylinder 21. At the same time, the left pull plate 19 and the right pull plate 23 restrict the free movement of the first inner cylinder 21, so that the first annular trapezoid welded to the outside of the pull rod 13 rigidly hinders extrusion and is embedded in the first inner wall groove of the first inner cylinder 21. Lead block 22, along with the increase of the leftward pressure, the first inner cylinder 21 will move to the left, and the relative displacement will take place with the second inner cylinder 20, because the second inner cylinder 20 is fixed on the outer cylinder 8, so that the welding on The second ring on the outside of the first inner cylinder 21 rigidly prevents the second lead block 9 from being extruded and embedded in the inner wall groove of the second inner cylinder 20. At the same time, the left pull plate 19 drives the SMA spring 7 to move left, and the right pull The plate 23 is relatively displaced, thereby stretching the SMA spring 7 to the left. When the pull rod 13 is stretched to the right, it will be displaced relative to the first inner tube 21 . Since the left pull plate 19 is blocked by the fixing plate 10 , the rightward movement of the welded first inner tube 21 is limited. The rigidity of the first annular trapezoidal body welded to the outside of the pull rod 13 hinders the extrusion of the first lead block 22 embedded in the inner wall groove of the first inner tube 21 . During the whole process, due to the leftward movement of the pull rod 13, relative displacement occurs with the outer cylinder 8, and the SMA wire 25 is stretched. During the whole process, the SMA wire 25 and the SMA spring 7 are stretched to consume energy, and the second lead block 9 and the first lead block 22 are rigidly hindered by the ring trapezoidal body to squeeze and consume energy. After tension and compression deformation, due to the strong superelasticity of SMA wire and SMA spring, the whole device returns to its original position after moving.

When the right side pull bar 13 and the left side connecting rod 2 were relatively rotated, because the left pull plate 19 and the right pull plate 23 were connected to the two ends of the SMA spring 7 in a pre-tensioned state, and the left pull plate 19 was welded to the first The left end of the inner cylinder 21 restricts the free rotation of the first inner cylinder 21 so that the pull rod 13 rotates relative to the first inner cylinder 21 . The rigidity of the first circumferential trapezoidal body welded on the outside of the tie rod 13 prevents the first lead block 22 from being pressed and embedded in the inner wall groove of the first inner cylinder 21 along the circumferential direction. With the increase of high torsional force, the first inner cylinder 21 rotates around the axis. Since the second inner cylinder 20 is fixed on the outer cylinder 8, the first inner cylinder 21 and the second inner cylinder 20 have a relative rotation angle, and the second annular trapezoidal body welded to the outside of the first inner cylinder 21 rigidly prevents extrusion and embedding along the circumferential direction The second lead block 9 is placed in the groove on the inner wall of the second inner cylinder 20 . In the process of torsion, the left pull plate 19 will make the left end SMA spring 7 rotate around the annular hole on the fixed plate 10 along the ring direction, and a relative rotation angle will occur with the right end. After twisting, due to the superelasticity of the SMA spring itself, it will drive the left pull plate 19 and the first inner tube 21 to return to their original positions. During the entire torsion process, the pull rod 13 is twisted so that it and the outer cylinder 8 have a relative rotation angle in the circumferential direction, thereby stretching the prestressed SMA wire 25 fixed on the prestress adjusting ring plate 12 and passing through the outer cylinder 8 and the pull rod 13 sequentially. After twisting, due to the superelasticity of the SMA wire material, the pull rod 13 self-recovers to its original position. During the whole process, the SMA wire 25 and the SMA spring 7 pull and twist to consume energy, and the second lead block 9 and the first lead block 22 are hindered by the rigidity of the trapezoidal body in the circumferential direction to squeeze and consume energy. The prestressed SMA wire and SMA spring not only have good high energy consumption characteristics, but also are responsible for the self-resetting of the two sets of inner cylinder devices respectively, so as to ensure that the whole device can be reset accurately after use.

The main feature of the present invention is that, due to the use of extruded metal lead and SMA materials to dissipate energy, reduce shock and high energy consumption, it has strong stability, good durability and adjustable damping force. The assembly uses double-layer lead weights to enable adjustable damping force.

Claims (1)

1. A multi-directional high energy consumption self-resetting shape memory alloy double-layer extrusion type-lead damper, characterized in that the multi-directional high energy consumption self-resetting shape memory alloy double-layer extrusion type-lead damper includes left Side pull ring, connecting rod, connecting cylinder, inner cylinder-fixing bolt, prestress adjusting plate, outer cylinder-fixing bolt, SMA spring, outer cylinder, second lead block, fixing plate, right baffle plate, prestress adjusting ring plate , pull rod, right pull ring, connecting cylinder cover, left cover, left baffle, SMA spring clamp, left pull plate, second inner cylinder, first inner cylinder, first lead weight, right pull plate, SMA wire Fixture, SMA wire, right cover; The first lead block is installed between the pull rod and the first inner cylinder, and the second lead block is installed between the second inner cylinder and the first inner cylinder to form a double-layer extrusion type-lead damper; The two ends of the outer cylinder are the left cover and the right cover respectively, the left pull ring, the connecting rod, the connecting cylinder cover and the connecting cylinder are welded in sequence, and fixed at the center of the left cover of the outer cylinder; the right end of the tie rod is welded with the pull ring , the pull rod is welded with a left baffle and a right baffle, wherein the left baffle is located at the left end of the pull rod, and the right baffle is located outside the right pull plate to prevent the internal damper from being damaged due to excessive displacement and deformation due to excessive tension; The middle section of the tie rod, that is, the welding shape between the left baffle and the right baffle is the first circumferential trapezoidal rigid barrier; the first lead block is embedded in the groove on the inner wall of the first inner cylinder, and the first circumferential trapezoidal rigid barrier Embedded in the first lead block; the second lead block is embedded in the groove on the inner wall of the second inner cylinder, the outer side of the first inner cylinder is welded to the second circumferential trapezoidal rigid barrier, and the second circumferential trapezoidal rigid barrier is embedded in the second lead block; The self-resetting device is composed of SMA spring and SMA wire. The SMA spring is responsible for self-resetting when the first inner cylinder is stretched to the left and twisting. In the middle cavity formed between the cylinder and the outer cylinder, the left end of the SMA spring passes through the fixed plate, the left pull plate and the prestress adjustment plate in turn, and the right end passes through the fixed plate and the right pull plate in turn, and is tightened by the SMA spring clamp ; A total of 9 SMA wires in three rows pass through the holes opened by the pull rod and the outer cylinder in turn at a circumferential angle of 45 degrees, and are fixed by the prestressed adjustment ring plate and the SMA wire clamp; by adjusting the SMA spring clamp and the SMA wire clamp respectively Change the initial stress deformation of SMA spring and SMA wire, and then adjust the damping force; The left pull plate is welded on the left side of the first inner cylinder, and the ring-shaped fixing plate is welded on the left and right sides of the second inner cylinder respectively; there are four through holes on the left fixing plate, and the through-hole type is a circular hole with a circular direction of 40 degrees ;The right fixed plate and the right pull plate are provided with small round holes at the specified elevation axis; the prestressed adjustment plate is fixed on the left pull plate through fixing bolts; the fixed plate is fixed on the outer cylinder through the outer cylinder-fixing bolts.