CN105999868A - Gas-liquid separator for testing open flow of oil and gas well - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas-liquid separator for oil and gas well testing blowout, the separator includes a spiral swirl plate (2), and the front end of the spiral swirl plate (2) has a separator gas-liquid inlet ( 1), above the spiral spinning plate (2), there are the upper top plate (10) of the spiral spinning plate (10), the separation space (11) and the separator exhaust pipe (12) on the upper part of the separator, and the spiral spinning plate (2) ) below the separator separation space (3) and separator bottom cone section (5) and separator liquid outlet (7), and the center of the spiral spinning plate (2) has a separator riser pipe (9), And form a first-level and second-level separation connected area. The invention can form a two-stage gas-liquid separation process in a single separator, realize the penetration of the two-stage separated liquid channel through the specially designed partition and slot structure, and greatly simplify the process based on the principle of centrifugal and inertial separation The equipment structure of the gas-liquid separator for oil and gas well testing and blowout and the miniaturization of skid installation are satisfied.

Description

Gas-liquid separator for oil and gas well testing blowout

technical field

The invention relates to a gas-liquid separator for oil and gas well testing blowout, which belongs to the field of oil and gas well testing equipment in petroleum engineering.

Background technique

In the development of safe venting combustion system for shale gas test gas production, it is necessary to develop an efficient gas-liquid separator for shale gas test gas blowout. The gas test process has the characteristics of large changes in the amount of gas released and liquid carried, and high pressure. The liquid carried by the gas discharge will have a serious impact on the subsequent test gas flow measurement and the safe combustion of the gas discharge. The gravity gas-liquid separator generally used in the field mainly uses the density (specific gravity) difference between the gas and liquid to realize the separation of the two phases, that is, when the gravity of the liquid is greater than the buoyancy of the gas, the liquid droplets will settle out of the gas phase and be separated. separate. Although the gravity separator has a simple structure, it is large in size, long in residence time, and poor in separation effect. Manual monitoring of the liquid level is required to control condensation drainage, and its safety and reliability are poor. At present, cyclone separation technology is the most researched on high-efficiency gas-liquid separation. This technology has the characteristics of high separation efficiency, but has relatively strict requirements on gas flow. During shale gas test gas blowout, the pressure in the wellbore is gradually released, and the pressure in the gas-liquid separator increases synchronously with the increase of gas production. The pressure is in the range of 1.5-3.5MPa. At the same time, due to the characteristics of shale gas reservoirs, the liquid content in the initial blowout period is relatively large, and the gas volume is small; when the downhole liquid and the condensate produced by the pressure drop are released, the downhole pressure is gradually released, and the gas volume gradually increases. also tends to be stable. Generally speaking, the difficulty of gas-liquid separation in shale gas release is the large amount of liquid separation in the initial stage and the high-efficiency separation capability of the separator under variable working conditions.

When shale gas blows out, the changing law of gas-liquid ratio is relatively complicated. The traditional three-phase separator requires a long residence time, and the volume of the separator is large, and the efficiency of the separator is not high. Therefore, the present invention aims to achieve buffering and high-efficiency separation under different gas-liquid working conditions in a limited space through the specially designed swirling structure and two-stage separator space in the centrifugal separation device, using centrifugal separation combined with inertial separation mechanism , and reduce the volume of the separator, and realize the two-stage separation process inside a single separator.

Contents of the invention

The present invention relates to a gas-liquid separator for oil and gas well testing and blowout. The upper and lower top plates of the separator form the upper and lower separator spaces of the separator by the upper and upper top plates of the helical spinning plate in the separator. After the gas-liquid fluid enters the separator, under the action of the spiral rotating plate, a centrifugal separation process similar to the double-layer swirl structure in the cyclone separator is formed in the lower separation space, and the gas separated for the first time carries a small amount of liquid. The drip enters the upper secondary separation space through the central air pipe, and is separated again by the action of swirl and inertia, so as to achieve the purpose of efficient separation and the simplification of equipment, and realize the miniaturization of skid-mounted spraying equipment.

Structure of the present invention comprises:

1. Separator gas-liquid inlet, 2. Spiral spinning plate, 3. Separator separation space, 4. Separator wall, 5. Cone section at the bottom of the separator, 6. Droplet settlement space at the lower part of the separator, 7. Separator drain port, 8. Separator cone section liquid discharge port, 9. Separator air pipe, 10. Spiral upper top plate, 11. Separator upper separation space, 12. Separator exhaust pipe, 13. Separator purification gas outlet, 14. Upper separation space drain tank, 15. Outer drain channel of the cone section, 16. The lower annular baffle of the cone section, and the front end of the spiral spinner plate 2 has a separator gas Liquid inlet 1, there is a top plate 10 on the top of the spiral spinning plate 2, a separator riser pipe 9 is located in the center of the spiral spinning plate 2, and there is a bottom cone of the separator under the spiral spinning plate 2. Body section 5 and separator liquid outlet 7, separator exhaust pipe 12 and separator purified gas outlet 13 above the spiral spinner plate 2, upper top plate 10 of the spiral spinner plate and separator exhaust pipe 12 There is a separator upper separation space 11 between them, a separator separation space 3 is located between the separator riser pipe 9 and the separator bottom cone section 5, and a separator cone section drain is opened at the lower end of the separator bottom cone section 5 There is a droplet settlement space 6 at the lower part of the separator between the mouth 8, the cone section 5 at the bottom of the separator and the drain outlet 7 of the separator.

The present invention also adopts following implementation scheme:

The diameter D2 of the air pipe 9 of the separator is between 0.4 and 0.8 of the inner diameter D1 of the separator

The insertion depth H4 of the exhaust pipe 9 of the separator is between 0.5 and 1.5 of the height H1 of the separation space 11 on the upper part of the separator

The diameter D3 of the upper port of the separator cone section 5 is between 0.8 and 0.95 of the inner diameter D1 of the separator

The diameter D4 of the exhaust pipe 12 of the separator is between 0.05 and 0.25 of the inner diameter D1 of the separator

On the upper edge of the upper top plate 10 of the spiral spinner, there are 6 to 12 upper separation space drainage grooves 14 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, with a slot width of 2 to 10 mm and a length of 5 to 25 mm

Between the upper part of the separator cone section 5 and the separator wall 4, there is an outer discharge channel 15 of the annular cone section

The oil and gas well test release gas-liquid separator provided by the present invention is based on the mechanism of centrifugal separation and inertial separation, and is a high-efficiency separator device with a certain fluctuation working condition buffer capacity. In the specially designed upper and lower separation spaces, the gas and liquid first Centrifugal separation is carried out in the lower separation space, and then enters the upper separation space through the air riser, and the separation process of swirling flow and inertia is carried out. The wall surface flows downward and finally flows to the discharge port through the lower separation space and the liquid discharge channel outside the cone section. Through the two separation processes, the centrifugal separation and inertial separation process based on the density difference can be effectively simplified. Realize the skid-mounted miniaturization of spraying equipment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas-liquid separator for oil and gas well testing blowout according to the present invention.

In Figure 1, 1. The gas-liquid inlet of the separator, 2. The spiral spinning plate, 3. The separation space of the separator, 4. The wall of the separator, 5. The cone section at the bottom of the separator, 6. The droplet settlement at the lower part of the separator Space, 7. Drain port of separator, 8. Drain port of cone section of separator, 9. Air pipe of separator, 10. Upper top plate of spiral lifting plate, 11. Separation space of upper part of separator, 12. Separator Exhaust pipe, 13. Separator purification gas outlet.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the upper separation space drainage channel 14, the outer drainage channel 15 of the cone section and the lower annular baffle plate 16 of the cone section of the gas-liquid separator for oil and gas well testing blowout of the present invention;

In Fig. 2, 14. the upper separation space drainage groove, 15. the outer drainage channel of the cone section, and 16. the lower annular baffle of the cone section.

detailed description

The gas-liquid separator for oil and gas well testing blowout of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Figure 1, the nozzle of the gas-liquid separator for oil and gas well testing and blowout includes 1. The gas-liquid inlet of the separator, 2. The spiral spinning plate, 3. The separation space of the separator, 4. The wall of the separator, 5. The bottom of the separator Cone section, 6. Droplet settling space in the lower part of the separator, 7. Drain outlet of the separator, 8. Drain outlet of the cone section of the separator, 9. Lifting pipe of the separator, 10. Upper top plate of the spiral lifting plate, 11. Upper separation space of the separator, 12. Exhaust pipe of the separator, 13. Purified gas outlet of the separator, 14. Drainage tank of the upper separation space, 15. Outer drainage channel of the cone section, 16. Lower part of the cone section Ring-shaped baffle, the front end of the spiral spinning plate 2 has a separator gas-liquid inlet 1, the top of the spiral spinning plate 2 has a top plate 10 on the top of the spiral spinning plate 2, and the center of the spiral spinning plate 2 has a separator. The air pipe 9, the bottom cone section 5 of the separator and the liquid discharge port 7 of the separator are arranged under the spiral spinning plate 2, and the separator exhaust pipe 12 and the purified gas outlet 13 of the separator are arranged above the spiral spinning plate 2 , there is a separation space 11 at the upper part of the separator between the upper top plate 10 of the spiral spinner and the exhaust pipe 12 of the separator, and there is a separation space 3 for the separator between the air pipe 9 of the separator and the cone section 5 at the bottom of the separator. The lower end of the bottom cone section 5 is provided with a separator cone section liquid discharge port 8, and there is a droplet settlement space 6 at the bottom of the separator between the separator bottom cone section 5 and the separator liquid discharge port 7.

The diameter D2 of the air pipe 9 of the separator is between 0.4 and 0.8 of the inner diameter of the separator D1, and the insertion depth H4 of the exhaust pipe 9 of the separator is between 0.5 and 1.5 of the height H1 of the separation space 11 in the upper part of the separator; the cone section of the separator is 5 The diameter D3 of the upper port is between 0.8-0.95 of the inner diameter D1 of the separator; the diameter D4 of the exhaust pipe 12 of the separator is between 0.05-0.25 of the inner diameter D1 of the separator.

Referring to Fig. 2, there are 6 to 12 upper separation space drainage grooves 14 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the upper edge of the upper top plate 10 of the spiral lifting plate, with a slot width of 2 to 10 mm and a length of 5 to 25 mm; the separator cone Between the upper part of the body section 5 and the separator wall 4, there is an outer drainage channel 15 of the annular cone section.

The spray gas entrains liquid droplets through the gas-liquid inlet 1 of the separator and enters the helical swirling plate 2 of the separator to form a spiral downward rotating motion, and then forms a double-layer strong swirl flow field structure in the separation space 3 (the interior is rigid vortex upward flow, the outside is quasi-free vortex downward flow), the droplet moves to the wall under the action of centrifugal force and moves with the downward flow to the cone section 5 at the bottom of the separator, most of the droplets drain from the outside of the cone section 15 Enter the droplet settling space 6 at the lower part of the separator to achieve preliminary separation and buffering of flow fluctuations; a small amount of droplets rotate and accelerate with the gas in the cone section 5 at the bottom of the separator, and then reverse upwards and rotate upwards with the upward flow to the separator riser 9 Movement, due to the reduction of the radius of rotation and the acceleration of rotation, a small amount of liquid moves towards the inner wall of the separator air pipe 9 under the action of centrifugal force, and continues to maintain a rotating and diffuse movement with its outlet, because the diameter of the separator exhaust pipe 12 is smaller than that of the separator air pipe 9 Diameter, the gas and liquid need to make a large curvature turn in the separation space 11 on the upper part of the separator to enter the exhaust pipe 12 of the separator, and then realize the rotation and inertial separation process; The upper top plate 10 of the rotating plate converges to form a certain amount of pressure difference between the upper separation space 11 of the separator and the separation space 3 of the separator. The internal and external swirl moves downward to realize the secondary separation process. Through the above process, it can be seen that due to the special design of the upper top plate of the spiral spinner in the gas-liquid separator, a two-stage separator space is formed in a single separator, and the specially designed upper separation space drain tank is adopted to realize In addition, there is an outer drainage channel of the annular cone section between the upper part of the separator cone section and the separator wall, which also ensures that the liquid on the wall can be successfully discharged from the separator and no longer enters the internal swirl flow. Based on The above principle forms two separation processes in a single separator based on centrifugal and inertial separation principles. Therefore, the present invention can effectively shorten the gas-liquid residence time, replace the use of traditional gas-liquid separators, and reduce floor space and ground engineering costs. Complexity.

Claims (4)

1. an oil and gas well testing open flow gas-liquid separator, it is characterized in that described gas-liquid separator to include spirally and play rotating plate (2), there is separator gas-liquid entrance (1) front end of described spiral rotating plate (2), there is spiral rotating plate top top board (10) the spiral top playing rotating plate (2), there is separator riser (9) at the spiral center playing rotating plate (2), there are separator bottom cone segments (5) and separator leakage fluid dram (7) in the spiral lower section playing rotating plate (2), the spiral top playing rotating plate (2) has separator exhaustor (12) and separator to purify gas outlet (13)；Separator top separated space (11) is had between described spiral rotating plate top top board (10) and separator exhaustor (12).

A kind of oil and gas well testing gas-liquid separator, it is characterised in that have separator separated space (3) between described separator riser (9) and separator bottom cone segments (5)；The lower end of described separator bottom cone segments (5) has separator cone section leakage fluid dram (8), has droplet settling space, separator bottom (6) between separator bottom cone segments (5) and separator leakage fluid dram (7).

A kind of oil and gas well testing gas-liquid separator the most according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterized in that along the circumferential direction being evenly equipped with 6～12 tops separated space sump pit (14) on described spiral rotating plate top top board (10) top edge, the width that cracks is 2～10mm, and length is 5～25mm；Apocenosis passage (15) outside annular cone section are had between described separator cone section (5) top and separator wall (4).

A kind of oil and gas well testing gas-liquid separator the most according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterized in that between 0.4～0.8 that diameter D2 is separator internal diameter D1 of described separator riser (9), the insertion depth H4 of separator exhaustor (9) is between 0.5～1.5 of separator top separated space (11) highly H1；Described separator cone section (5) upper port diameter D3 is between 0.8～0.95 of separator internal diameter D1；Between 0.05～0.25 that diameter D4 is separator internal diameter D1 of described separator exhaustor (12).