CN105997187B - An electric bone cutting device for anatomy - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric bone cutting device for anatomy, which includes a motor, a fixing plate for installing the motor, a transmission mechanism and a slider, and is characterized in that the motor is provided with an output shaft, and the two ends of the transmission mechanism are respectively It is connected with the output shaft and the slider, and the guide column slidingly connected with the slider is provided under the fixed plate. A cut is formed between them. The beneficial effects of the present invention are very obvious: simple and stable structure, low cost, time-saving and labor-saving, easy to use, high work efficiency, good safety performance, can convert the rotary motion of the motor into the linear motion of the cutter, and the cutter can cut bones Power is small.

Description

An electric bone cutting device for anatomy

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and more specifically relates to the structure of an anatomical electric osteotomy device.

Background technique

In medicine, pathological anatomy plays an irreplaceable role in the final diagnosis of the disease and the search for the cause. In pathological anatomy, it is often necessary to cut off the bones of the human body, such as opening the chest cavity, dissecting the trunk bones or disconnecting the limb bones. At present, bone cutting devices usually use manual bone cutting such as rongeurs, which has the problems of time-consuming and labor-intensive work and low work efficiency; while some electric bone cutting devices adopt the structure of a cutting machine, due to the rapid rotation of the cutter, it is easy to drive Human tissues are scattered everywhere, and post-processing on site is troublesome, and there is a problem of inconvenient use. However, the structure of the general osteotomy device in the prior art does not effectively solve the above problems. For example, the Chinese Patent Authorization Announcement No. CN 202514510 U, the authorized announcement date was November 07, 2012. The name of the invention is a desktop bone cutter. The patent case discloses the structure of an electric bone cutter. The structure of the bone cutting machine has the characteristics of simple structure, small size and convenient maintenance, but the patent case is through the rotation of the motor, Driving the circular milling blade to rotate rapidly, when used for pathological anatomy, it is still easy to cause human tissues to scatter around, and there is a problem of inconvenient use. Another example is the Chinese patent authorization announcement number CN 203934585 U, the date of the authorization announcement was November 12, 2014. The name of the invention is a bone cutter. This patent case discloses a structure of a bone cutter. The combined innovation of the cutting mechanism and other structures realizes that the bone cutting machine has good safety performance, but the cutting tool in this patent case still performs fast rotating cutting through the rotation of the motor, which has the problem of inconvenient use. The invention provides a simple and stable structure, low cost, time-saving and labor-saving, convenient to use, high work efficiency, good safety performance, and the motor The rotary motion of the knife is converted into the linear motion of the cutter, and the force of the cutter to cut off the bone is an anatomical electric bone cutting device.

Contents of the invention

The present invention solves the problem that the structure of the general osteotomy device in the prior art does not effectively solve the problems of low working efficiency and inconvenient use, and provides an electric osteotomy device for anatomy. The combined innovation of the knife and other structures realizes that the electric bone cutting device for anatomy has a simple and stable structure, low cost, saves time and effort, is convenient to use, has high work efficiency, and has good safety performance. It can convert the rotational motion of the motor into a straight line of the cutter. Movement, the knife cuts off the bone with a small force.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: an electric osteotomy device for anatomy, including a motor, a fixing plate for installing the motor, a transmission mechanism and a slider, wherein the motor is set There is an output shaft, and the two ends of the transmission mechanism are respectively connected with the output shaft and the slider. A guide column that is slidably connected with the slider is provided under the fixed plate, and a bottom plate is provided at the lower end of the guide column. A cutting knife is arranged on the lower surface, and a cutting opening is formed between the base plate and the cutting knife.

When in use, insert the bottom plate of the osteotomy device into the bone position that needs to be cut, then start the motor, the output shaft rotates, the slider slides down along the guide column through the transmission mechanism, and the cutter moves vertically downwards to cut. The blade of the knife acts on the bone, and the cutter cuts off the bone together with the base plate. The motor and the output shaft are simple in structure, and are the power source of the bone cutting device. Compared with manual bone cutting devices such as rongeurs, it saves time and labor, and has high work efficiency; The rotary motion of the knife is converted into the linear motion of the cutter. When cutting the bone, it avoids the flying and scattering of human tissues. It is convenient to clean up the scene later, and the bone cutting device is easy to use; , to prevent the eccentricity of the cutter, the cutter runs stably, avoids the cutter from breaking, and has better safety performance.

Preferably, the transmission mechanism is composed of a gear and a spur rack, the gear is adapted to the output shaft of the motor, one end of the spur rack is connected with the slider, and the other end of the spur rack passes through the fixed plate, And mesh with the gear for transmission. The transmission mechanism composed of gears and spur racks can not only realize the conversion of the rotary motion of the output shaft to the linear motion of the cutter, but also has a simple structure and low cost.

Preferably, the transmission mechanism is composed of a worm gear and a worm screw, the worm gear is socketed with the output shaft of the motor, one end of the worm screw is connected with the slider, and the other end of the worm screw passes through the fixing plate and is engaged with the worm gear for transmission. The transmission mechanism composed of worm gear and worm screw has stable transmission and can obtain a large transmission ratio, which can meet the shearing work of various bones.

Preferably, the transmission mechanism is composed of a screw and an outer ring, the output shaft of the motor is provided with an output gear, one end of the screw is connected with the slider, the other end of the screw is connected with the fixed plate, and the outer The ring is adapted to the screw mandrel, and the outer ring is provided with external teeth meshing with the output gear. The transmission mechanism composed of screw rod and outer ring has small frictional resistance and high transmission efficiency.

Preferably, the pitch circle diameter of the output gear is 2-3 times the pitch circle diameter of the outer ring. This structure improves the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism composed of the screw rod and the outer ring, and improves the working efficiency.

Preferably, the fixing plate is provided with a bearing seat suitable for the screw rod.

Preferably, a vibrator connected with the cutter is provided at the lower part of the slider, and the vibrator is provided with a power supply. When the cutter is working, the vibrator works synchronously, which greatly reduces the force of the cutter cutting off the bone and improves the working efficiency.

Preferably, the electric osteotomy device further includes a link mechanism, between the transmission mechanism and the guide column, a fixed rod is provided below the fixed plate, and a fixed block is provided at the middle and upper part of the guide post, and a fixed block is arranged on the fixed block. A horizontal sliding block is provided, and the linkage mechanism is composed of a swing arm, a push rod I and a push rod II. One end of the swing arm is hinged to the end of the fixed rod, and the extension of the swing arm is connected to the linear motion part of the transmission mechanism. Connected, one end of the push rod I is hinged with the swing arm, the other end of the push rod I is hinged with the horizontal slide block, one end of the push rod II is hinged with the horizontal slide block, and the other end of the push rod II is hinged with the slide block. When in use, the transmission mechanism moves downward in a straight line, and the swing arm starts to swing, driving the push rod I to push the horizontal slider to move horizontally, the angle between the push rod II and the vertical direction gradually becomes smaller, and the slider is pushed down along the guide column movement, the cutter does the work of severing the bone. Under normal circumstances, the hinge point of the push rod I on the swing arm is one-third of the length of the swing arm, or even smaller; the angle between the push rod I and the horizontal direction is less than 45 degrees, and the preferred solution is not more than 30 degrees. degrees to ensure that more horizontal component forces act on the horizontal sliding block; the angle between the push rod II and the vertical direction must be greater than 45 degrees and less than 90 degrees, and the preferred solution is not less than 60 degrees and less than 90 degrees to ensure more Most vertical component forces act on the slider; under the condition of ignoring friction, the force acting on the swing arm by the transmission mechanism is F ₀ , and the force acting on the slider by the push rod II is F _X . The setting is based on According to mechanical calculations, F _X is more than 4.5 times that of F ₀ , which realizes the power amplification of the motor several times, and has the characteristics of easy, effective and fast cut-off.

Preferably, the extension of the swing arm is provided with a bushing, and the bushing is hinged to the transmission structure. When the transmission mechanism starts to work, the swing arm swings, the bushing slides along the direction of the extension of the swing arm, and the effective length of the swing arm gradually increases. According to the principle of leverage, the force of the push rod I is gradually enlarged, and the power of the motor is further increased. Enlarge and increase the cutting force of the cutter step by step.

Preferably, a gearbox is provided on the output shaft of the motor.

Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the electric osteotomy device for anatomy provided by the present invention has such beneficial effects: through the combination and innovation of structures such as motor, transmission mechanism, slider, guide column and cutter, a simple structure is provided. Stability, low cost, time-saving and labor-saving, easy to use, high work efficiency, good safety performance, can convert the rotary motion of the motor into the linear motion of the cutter, and the electric bone cutting device for anatomy with small force of the cutter to cut bones.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the first structural representation of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the second structural representation of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the third structure schematic diagram of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-motor, 2-fixed plate, 3-slider, 4-guide column, 5-bottom plate, 6-cutter, 7-gear, 8-spur rack, 9-worm wheel, 10-worm, 11 -Screw mandrel, 12-outer ring, 13-output gear, 14-bearing seat, 15-vibrator, 16-fixed rod, 17-horizontal sliding block, 18-swing arm, 19-push rod I, 20-push rod II, 21-axle sleeve, 22-gearbox.

Detailed ways

Referring to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further described in detail.

Embodiment one: in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, a kind of electric osteotomy device for anatomy, comprises motor 1, the fixed plate 2 that is used to install motor 1, transmission mechanism and slide block 3, and motor 1 is provided with output shaft, and the two parts of transmission mechanism The ends are respectively connected with the output shaft and the slider 3, and the guide column 4 which is slidingly connected with the slider 3 is provided under the fixed plate 2, the bottom plate 5 is provided at the lower end of the guide column 4, and the cutter 6 is provided on the lower surface of the slider 3 , a shear opening is formed between the bottom plate 5 and the cutter 6, the transmission mechanism is composed of a gear 7 and a spur rack 8, the gear 7 is matched with the output shaft of the motor 1, and one end of the spur rack 8 is connected with the slider 3, The other end of the spur rack 8 passes through the fixed plate 2 and is engaged with the gear 7 for transmission. The bottom of the slide block 3 is provided with a vibrator 15 connected to the cutter 6, and the vibrator 15 is provided with a power supply.

Embodiment 2, in conjunction with accompanying drawing 2, a kind of electric osteotomy device for anatomy, comprises motor 1, the fixed plate 2 that is used to install motor 1, transmission mechanism and slide block 3, and motor 1 is provided with output shaft, and the two parts of transmission mechanism The ends are respectively connected with the output shaft and the slider 3, and the guide column 4 which is slidingly connected with the slider 3 is provided under the fixed plate 2, the bottom plate 5 is provided at the lower end of the guide column 4, and the cutter 6 is provided on the lower surface of the slider 3 , a shear opening is formed between the bottom plate 5 and the cutter 6, the transmission mechanism is composed of a worm wheel 9 and a worm screw 10, the worm wheel 9 is socketed with the output shaft of the motor 1, one end of the worm screw 10 is connected with the slider 3, and the other end of the worm screw 10 Pass through the fixed plate 2 and engage with the worm gear 9 for transmission. The lower part of the slider 3 is provided with a vibrator 15 connected with the cutter 6, and the vibrator 15 is provided with a power supply.

The electric osteotomy device also includes a link mechanism, between the transmission mechanism and the guide column 4, a fixed rod 16 is provided below the fixed plate 2, a fixed block is provided on the middle and upper part of the guide column 4, and a horizontal sliding block is provided on the fixed block 17. The link mechanism is composed of a swing arm 18, a push rod I19 and a push rod II20, one end of the swing arm 18 is hinged to the end of the fixed rod 16, the extension of the swing arm 18 is connected to the end of the worm 10, and the push rod I19 One end of the push rod I19 is hinged with a third of the swing arm 18, the other end of the push rod I19 is hinged with the horizontal slide block 17, the angle between the push rod I19 and the horizontal direction is 30 degrees, and one end of the push rod II20 is connected with the horizontal slide block 17 Hinged, the other end of the push rod II20 is hinged with the slider 3, the angle between the push rod II20 and the vertical direction is 60 degrees, the extension of the swing arm 18 is provided with a bushing 21, the bushing 21 is hinged with the end of the worm 10, The output shaft of the motor is provided with a gearbox 22 .

Embodiment three, in conjunction with accompanying drawing 3, a kind of electric osteotomy device for anatomy, comprises motor 1, fixed plate 2 for installing motor 1, transmission mechanism and slide block 3, motor 1 is provided with output shaft, two transmission mechanisms The ends are respectively connected with the output shaft and the slider 3, and the guide column 4 which is slidingly connected with the slider 3 is provided under the fixed plate 2, the bottom plate 5 is provided at the lower end of the guide column 4, and the cutter 6 is provided on the lower surface of the slider 3 , a cutout is formed between the bottom plate 5 and the cutter 6, the transmission mechanism is composed of a screw rod 11 and an outer ring 12, the output shaft of the motor 1 is provided with an output gear 13, and one end of the screw rod 11 is connected with the slider 3, and the screw rod The other end of 11 is connected with the fixed plate 2, and the outer ring 12 is adapted to the screw mandrel 11. The outer ring 12 is provided with external teeth meshed with the output gear 13, and the diameter of the indexing circle of the output gear 13 is the diameter of the outer ring 12 3 times the diameter of the indexing circle, the fixed plate 2 is provided with a bearing seat 14 matching the screw rod 11, the lower part of the slider 3 is provided with a vibrator 15 connected with the cutter 6, and the vibrator 15 is provided with a power supply power supply.

The above three specific embodiments have introduced the present invention in detail. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementation modes of the present invention, and the descriptions of the examples are only used to help understand the core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the core idea of the present invention, some modifications can also be made to the present invention, such as the technical parameters of the motor, slider, guide column and cutter. Amendments or several combinations of claims should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of electronic bone-cutting device of dissection, including motor（1）, for installing motor（1）Fixed plate（2）, transmission mechanism And sliding block（3）, which is characterized in that the motor（1）Equipped with output shaft, the both ends of the transmission mechanism respectively with output shaft, cunning Block（3）It is connected, the fixed plate（2）Lower section be equipped with and sliding block（3）The lead being slidably connected（4）, lead（4）Lower end Equipped with bottom plate（5）, the sliding block（3）Lower surface be equipped with cutter（6）, bottom plate（5）With cutter（6）Between form sheared edge；Institute It states electronic bone-cutting device and further includes link mechanism, in transmission mechanism and lead（4）Between, the fixed plate（2）Lower section set There is fixed link（16）, the lead（4）Middle and upper part be equipped with fixed block, fixed block be equipped with horizontal sliding shoe（17）, it is described Link mechanism is by swing arm（18）, push rod I（19）With push rod II（20）Composition, the swing arm（18）One end and fixed link （16）End be hinged, swing arm（18）Extension be connected with the straight-line movement portion of transmission mechanism, the push rod I（19）'s One end and swing arm（18）It is hinged, push rod I（19）The other end and horizontal sliding shoe（17）It is hinged, the push rod II（20）One End and horizontal sliding shoe（17）It is hinged, push rod II（20）The other end and sliding block（3）It is hinged；The output shaft of the motor is equipped with Gearbox（22）.

2. the electronic bone-cutting device of a kind of dissection according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the transmission mechanism is by gear （7）And spur rack（8）Composition, the gear（7）With motor（1）Output shaft be adapted, the spur rack（8）One end and cunning Block（3）It is connected, spur rack（8）The other end pass through fixed plate（2）, and and gear（7）Engaged transmission.

3. the electronic bone-cutting device of a kind of dissection according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the transmission mechanism is by worm gear （9）And worm screw（10）Composition, the worm gear（9）With motor（1）Output shaft socket, the worm screw（10）One end and sliding block （3）It is connected, worm screw（10）The other end pass through fixed plate（2）, and and worm gear（9）Engaged transmission.

4. the electronic bone-cutting device of a kind of dissection according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the transmission mechanism is by screw （11）And outer ring（12）Composition, the motor（1）Output shaft be equipped with output gear（13）, the screw（11）One end and cunning Block（3）It is connected, screw（11）The other end and fixed plate（2）It is connected, the outer ring（12）With screw（11）It is adapted, outer ring （12）The whole body be equipped with and output gear（13）The external tooth being meshed.

A kind of 5. electronic bone-cutting device of dissection according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the output gear（13）'s Reference diameter is outer ring（12）2-3 times of reference diameter.

A kind of 6. electronic bone-cutting device of dissection according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the fixed plate（2）On set Have and screw（11）The bearing block being adapted（14）.

A kind of 7. electronic bone-cutting device of dissection according to claims 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, which is characterized in that the sliding block （3）Lower part be equipped with and cutter（6）Connected vibrator（15）, vibrator（15）Equipped with power supply.

A kind of 8. electronic bone-cutting device of dissection according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the swing arm（18）Prolong Long portion is equipped with axle sleeve（21）, axle sleeve（21）It is hinged with drive mechanism.