CN105996218B - A kind of construction method of feature close-fitting vest riding pants structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction method of a functional tight-fitting riding shorts structure, comprising the following steps: determining the activity mechanism of the skeletal muscles of the lower limbs during cycling, and dividing the distribution map of the skeletal muscles of the lower limbs according to the specific role of the skeletal muscles in the riding exercise; Obtain the skin deformation vector of the lower limbs during cycling, analyze the skin deformation rate by cluster analysis, and divide the skin deformation distribution map; measure the sweat rate of the lower limbs after exercise, and divide the heat and humidity area distribution map based on this; according to the distribution of skeletal muscle movement function The map, skin deformation distribution map, and heat and humidity area distribution map are used to partition the functions of the lower limbs and build a tight cycling shorts structure. The present invention has both sports functionality and comfort.

Description

A construction method of functional tight cycling shorts structure

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of tight-fitting sportswear design, in particular to a construction method of a functional tight-fitting cycling shorts structure.

Background technique

After sports, the human body will suffer from various sports injuries. After literature review and consumer market research on tight-fitting sportswear, it was found that the pressure generated by tight-fitting clothing can accelerate recovery from exercise fatigue, reduce blood lactic acid accumulation, and reduce muscle vibration. But inappropriate pressure, pressure applied to the wrong place will limit exercise performance, excessive pressure will affect cardiopulmonary function, and even cause serious physical damage. According to this conclusion, it shows that only by clarifying the law of skeletal muscle activity of the lower limbs during cycling can the problem of the accuracy of the pressure application position of the cycling shorts be solved; then, based on the known mechanical properties of the selected fabrics, the negative looseness is calculated according to the skin deformation of the lower limbs. Appropriate pressure can be applied to make tight-fitting sportswear not only satisfy the sports function but also have no negative effects on the human body.

At present, the research on tight-fitting functional clothing mainly focuses on physiological effects. The structural design of tight-fitting sportswear only considers the deformation of the human body surface, and does not consider sports biomechanics. For how tight-fitting sportswear acts on the human body, how to scientifically determine the amount of looseness Issues such as achieving the optimal level of tightness and how to achieve athletic functionality are not covered. The understanding of the relationship between the structure of tight cycling pants and the human body is flawed, and the structural segmentation design of tight cycling pants in the market is changeable, subjective, and random, which does not conform to the scientific laws of structural design.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a construction method of functional tight cycling shorts, which has both sports functionality and comfort.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is to provide a construction method of a functional tight riding shorts structure, comprising the following steps:

(1) Determine the mechanism of lower limb skeletal muscle activity in cycling, and divide the distribution map of lower limb skeletal muscle movement function according to the specific role of skeletal muscle in cycling;

(2) Obtain the deformation vector of the skin of the lower extremities of cycling, analyze the skin deformation rate by cluster analysis, and divide the skin deformation distribution map;

(3) Measure the sweating rate of the lower limbs after exercise, and divide the heat and humidity area distribution map based on this;

(4) According to the distribution map of skeletal muscle movement function, skin deformation distribution map, and heat and humidity area distribution map, the function of lower limbs is divided, and the structure of tight cycling shorts is constructed.

The step (1) specifically includes: using human body modeling and simulation technology, analyzing the mechanism of skeletal muscle activity of the lower limbs during cycling, and determining the muscle groups recruited by the lower limbs; The parts that are prone to damage are used to clarify the specific position of the skeletal muscles that need to be protected; the distribution of skeletal muscle movement functions is divided according to the specific role of skeletal muscles in cycling.

The step (2) is specifically: using the gel rubbing and graphic pixel technology, and the skin deformation and direction method to obtain the deformation vector of the lower limb skin during cycling; Classify, determine the number of clusters, fill the clustering results into each unit grid, and draw the cluster distribution map of skin deformation.

According to the shape of the unit grid Calculate the deformation rate of the horizontal and vertical line segments, and stipulate that the length of the horizontal line segment is the value of the horizontal deformation rate, and the length of the longitudinal line segment is the value of the longitudinal deformation rate. The arrow points to the research location, and the direction of the skin deformation of the unit grid is drawn using the same method of force synthesis, where SD is the skin deformation rate, L' is the length after deformation, and L is the length before deformation.

The step (3) specifically includes: respectively measuring the amount of sweating of the human body under different intensity activities, calculating the sweating rate of the lower limbs at different exercise intensities, and dividing the heat and humidity distribution map of the lower limbs according to the results of the sweating rate of the lower limbs by using a similar classification method.

In the step (4), the most suitable fabric is selected according to the functional division of the lower limbs, and the grain direction of the division is determined according to the direction of skin deformation.

Beneficial effect

Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art: the present invention uses human body modeling and simulation technology to determine the mechanism of motion biomechanics of skeletal muscles, and clarifies the impact of cycling shorts on The specific position of skeletal muscle protection, based on gel rubbing and graphic pixel technology, skin deformation and direction method to obtain skin deformation vector, provides basic data for setting the looseness of cycling shorts and the direction of partitioned cloth grain, and measures cycling motion Based on the sweat rate data of different parts of the lower limbs, and based on the requirements of each zone, fabrics with different performances are selected for different parts, which accurately solves the problem of heat and humidity comfort.

Description of drawings

Figure 1: The power changes of 13 muscles when riding at 60rpm;

Fig. 2(a) Femoral stress contour when the pedal is at 18°;

Figure 2(b) Femoral stress contour when the pedal is at 90°;

Fig. 2(c) Stress contour of femur when pedal is at 165° position;

Figure 2(d) Femoral stress contour when the pedal is at 270°;

Fig. 3 The motor function division diagram of the skeletal muscles of the lower limbs during cycling;

Figure 4 Grid diagram of lower extremities;

Fig. 5 Direction diagram of skin deformation of lower limbs during cycling;

Fig. 6 Cluster analysis diagram of skin deformation rate of cycling unit grid;

Fig. 7 Cluster distribution map of lower extremity skin deformation rate;

Fig. 8(a) Schematic diagram of calculation method of cell mesh direction;

Fig. 8(b) An example diagram of calculating the grid direction of the navel point position unit;

Fig. 9 The distribution diagram of sweating in various parts of the human body at different exercise intensities;

Figure 10 Distribution map of heat and humidity areas in the lower extremities;

Figure 11 Structural segmentation line diagram of tight cycling shorts;

Fig. 12 Plane structure diagram of tight cycling pants and pattern direction diagram of each piece;

Fig. 13 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

The embodiment of the present invention relates to a construction method of a functional tight cycling shorts structure, comprising the following steps: determining the mechanism of the skeletal muscle activity of the lower limbs during cycling, and classifying the motor functions of the skeletal muscles of the lower limbs according to the specific role of the skeletal muscles in the cycling exercise Distribution map; obtain the skin deformation vector of the lower limbs during cycling, use cluster analysis to analyze the skin deformation rate, and divide the skin deformation distribution map; measure the sweat rate of the lower limbs after exercise, and divide the heat and humidity area distribution map based on this; according to the skeletal muscle The distribution map of sports function, the distribution map of skin deformation, and the distribution map of heat and humidity area are used to divide the function of lower limbs, and the structure of tight cycling shorts is constructed.

The present invention will be further described below with a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13 .

The object of the present invention is cycling shorts, so the parts to be studied are below the waistline and above the calf. The pedal on the right leg is at the highest position of 0°, the lowest position of the pedal is 180°, and the pedal returns to the highest position after riding a circle. It is specified as 360°, 0°～180° is the pedaling stage of the right leg, and 180°～360° is the lifting stage of riding.

1) Determine the regional distribution of lower limb skeletal muscle motor function

Using human body modeling and simulation technology to analyze the movement mechanism of 13 muscles, femur, and three joints of the lower limbs during cycling, it can be found in Figure 1 that the main force-generating muscles recruited during the push-down stage are the rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis muscle, vastus lateralis, and soleus, these muscles are located in the front of the thigh and the lower back of the calf; while the main force-generating muscles recruited during the pulling phase are the biceps femoris, semikey, semimembranosus, gastrocnemius, and gracilis Muscle, tibialis anterior muscle, tensor fascia lata, the force-producing muscles are mainly located in the middle of the front and back of the thigh; the gluteus maximus exerts little force, and the abdominal muscles are non-force-producing muscles; the tendons, ligaments and tendons of the iliotibial band and knee joint The fascia rubs against the knee joint during riding, which can easily cause pain on the outside of the knee joint; Figure 2 The finite element analysis of the femur shows that the outer part of the middle segment of the femur, the femoral head, and the proximal end of the femoral body are under the greatest stress and are prone to damage. The proximal end of the knee joint The distal force and the front and rear force of the knee joint are both very large, and they are the key parts of riding force.

Based on the above analysis results, the front part of the thigh is divided into the functional area for the push-down muscles, the rear part of the thigh is divided into the functional area for the lifting muscles, the gluteus maximus and the abdominal muscles are the non-active muscle areas, and the iliotibial band, knee Both sides of the joint and the femur are divided into injury protection zones (Figure 3).

2) Determine the cluster distribution of lower limb skin deformation and the direction of skin deformation

According to the grid drawing method of the invention patent 201510020299.1, 181 unit grids are drawn at the designated positions of the lower limbs (as shown in Figure 4). Combined direction method to obtain the skin deformation vector of the lower limbs of cycling (as shown in Figure 5), and use the SPSS hierarchical clustering analysis method to cluster the skin deformation rate of the unit grid, and set the cluster numbers 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 respectively Carry out cluster analysis, compare the advantages and disadvantages of the clustering results obtained by the five clustering numbers, and determine that the clustering number is 9, which is more appropriate, and fill the clustering results into each unit grid. The larger the value in Figure 6, the higher the skin deformation rate. Large, according to the clustering results, the skin deformation rate distribution map is drawn in different colors on the human body (as shown in Figure 7).

As shown in Fig. 8(a), the direction of 181 unit grids is calculated according to the skin deformation "combined direction" method. Here we take the navel point unit grid as an example to introduce the calculation process. The unit grid is just a rectangle, so the horizontal and vertical grid lines are perpendicular. It is known that the horizontal length of the grid line is 38mm and the vertical length is 37mm when standing still. 12 The average length of horizontal grid lines in the riding posture is 45.34mm, and the average length of vertical grid lines is 23.25mm. According to the calculation formula of skin deformation rate: The transverse skin deformation rate is 19.3%, and the longitudinal skin deformation rate is -37.2%. In the calculation formula, SD is the skin deformation rate, L' is the length after deformation, and L is the length before deformation. The skin deformation rate is transformed into the horizontal and vertical line segment lengths of 19.3mm and -37.2mm. A positive value indicates that the arrow direction goes outward along the horizontal grid line from the navel point, while a negative value indicates that the vertical arrow direction points to the navel point. On this basis, draw parallel lines in two directions from the end points of the arrows, and connect the diagonal lines to determine the joint direction of the skin deformation of the unit grid (as shown in Figure 8(b)). The other 180 unit grid skin deformations The directions are obtained in the same way.

3) Determine the distribution of heat and humidity areas in the lower extremities

Measure the amount of sweating of the human body under different intensities of activities. Figure 9 shows the sweating rate of various parts of the human body under the two kinds of exercise intensities. The sweating rate of the upper buttocks is almost twice that of other parts of the lower limbs. Increased, the abdominal sweat rate increases the fastest. According to the conclusion of sweating rate distribution of human lower limbs in Figure 9, the lower limbs can be divided into the heat and humidity distribution diagram shown in Figure 10. The sweating rate of the upper buttocks is the largest, which is divided into a separate area; the sweating rate of the inner calf is divided into one area; the sweating rate of the abdomen A separate area should be divided if the increase speed is high; the sweat rate of the outer thigh and the front middle of the thigh is similar, and it is divided into one area; the inner thigh, the back middle of the thigh, and the back middle of the calf and the outside of the calf are divided into the area with the smallest sweat rate.

4) Construction of tight cycling shorts structure and selection of suitable fabrics

The navel point is defined as the waistline position, above the navel point is the elastic band at the waist of the riding pants, and the trouser leg opening is positioned at two grid widths below the center of the knee. According to the performance key points required by each part, select the sports function area map, the skin deformation rate cluster distribution map, and the dividing line in the heat and humidity area map, divide the lower limbs into 10 functional areas, and build a tight cycling shorts structure (as shown in Figure 11 and shown in Figure 12), the process of selecting suitable fabrics for 10 subregions in the cycling shorts structure is analyzed in detail below, and other similar tight-fitting sportswear refer to this method to select fabrics.

The sweat rate in the ① area increases rapidly, and the heat and humidity comfort needs to be considered. Therefore, according to the dividing line of the heat and humidity area map, the ① area belongs to the non-sports functional area. The fabric should consider low modulus, high elasticity, and mesh to facilitate moisture absorption and perspiration.

The ② area is the same as the ① area, but in order to protect privacy, mesh perforated fabrics cannot be selected, and low-modulus, moisture-absorbing and sweat-wicking elastic knitted fabrics should be selected.

The sweat rate in the ③ area is the highest, so it is divided according to the dividing line of the hot and humid area, and the dividing line coincides with the dividing line of the motor function area and the clustering of skin deformation. This area is a non-sports functional area, and the skin deformation is small. Therefore, it is not necessary to consider the sports function and skin deformation in the selection of fabrics, but choose mesh moisture-absorbing and sweat-wicking elastic knitted fabrics.

The ④ area belongs to the non-sports function area, and the longitudinal skin deformation is large. Choose a moisture-absorbing and sweat-wicking fabric with a low modulus in the longitudinal direction and a large modulus in the transverse direction.

The ⑤ area belongs to the protection area of tendons and ligaments. It needs to protect the damage caused by friction. Choose high modulus and low elastic knitted fabrics.

The ⑥ area is the knee area, which is the most stretched and deformed part of the skin of the lower limbs, and the range of motion of the knee joint in this area is also the largest. Therefore, in order not to hinder the movement of the knee joint, it is necessary to choose low-modulus and high-elasticity knitted fabrics.

The contraction and deformation of the skin in the ⑦ area is the largest. For the key joints of riding force, choose low-modulus and high-elastic knitted fabrics to avoid hindering joint bending.

The ⑧ area is the muscle area for exerting force during the riding and pulling phase. According to the principle of muscle biomechanics, external force compression can accelerate blood circulation to increase muscle strength. It is necessary to use elastic knitted fabrics with high modulus in the warp direction and low modulus in the weft direction to avoid It hinders the longitudinal stretching of the knee joint. In addition, Figure 6 shows that the skin deformation direction in this area is about 45°, so the weave direction is selected at 45°.

The ⑨ area is the muscle area for exerting force during the pedaling stage, and the elastic knitted fabric with high modulus in warp direction and low modulus in weft direction is also selected.

The ⑩ area is the tendon and ligament protection area to protect the iliotibial band injury caused by friction, and select high-modulus, low-elastic knitted fabrics with stabilizing effects.

5) Sample pants production and performance verification

According to the plane structure diagram and fabric selection method in Figure 12 above, different fabrics were selected for each structural division to make riding sample pants, and 10 people who matched the size of the sample pants were invited to wear the cycling sample pants. The tester commented that the pressure was appropriate and the comfort was high; then the tester was asked to wear ordinary underwear and cycling pants to ride on the power bicycle at a speed of 60rpm for 30 minutes, and after 3 minutes, 7 minutes, and Test the blood lactic acid value at 11 minutes and 15 minutes (choose to test the blood lactic acid value before 15 minutes because the blood lactic acid value basically does not change in the late stage of exercise), and wear ordinary underwear and cycling pants in a static sitting position after 30 minutes of riding After resting for 25 minutes, test the blood lactic acid value of the wearer after resting for 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes (choose to test before 15 minutes because the blood lactic acid value changes significantly in the early stage of recovery). Calculate the average value of blood lactic acid of 10 try-ons wearing ordinary underwear and cycling-like pants, and compare and analyze the changes in blood lactic acid at different time points in the two states (as shown in Table 1). It is found that when wearing ordinary underwear, The blood lactic acid value rises faster during cycling, while the blood lactic acid value decreases more slowly during rest after riding. The test results verify that cycling-like pants increase the persistence of human motion and speed up the recovery of lower limbs after exercise.

Table 1 Blood lactic acid values at different time points during and after riding (mmol/L)

Claims (4)

1. A construction method of functional tight riding shorts structure, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: (1) Determine the mechanism of lower limb skeletal muscle activity in cycling, and divide the distribution map of lower limb skeletal muscle movement function according to the specific role of skeletal muscle in cycling; (2) Obtain the deformation vector of the lower extremity skin during cycling, use cluster analysis to analyze the skin deformation rate, and divide the skin deformation distribution map; specifically: use gel rubbing and graphic pixel technology, and the method of skin deformation and direction to obtain riding Exercising the skin deformation vector of the lower extremities; using the hierarchical clustering analysis method, classifying the skin deformation rate of the lower extremity unit grid, determining the number of clusters, filling the clustering results into each unit grid, and drawing the skin deformation cluster distribution map; According to the shape of the unit grid Calculate the deformation rate of the horizontal and vertical line segments, and stipulate that the length of the horizontal line segment is the value of the horizontal deformation rate, and the length of the longitudinal line segment is the value of the longitudinal deformation rate. The arrow points to the research location, and the same method is used to draw the direction of the skin deformation of the unit grid, where SD is the skin deformation rate, L' is the length after deformation, and L is the length before deformation (3) Measure the sweating rate of the lower limbs after exercise, and divide the heat and humidity area distribution map based on this; (4) According to the distribution map of skeletal muscle movement function, skin deformation distribution map, and heat and humidity area distribution map, the function of lower limbs is divided, and the structure of tight cycling shorts is constructed. 2. The construction method of functional tight riding shorts structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, said step (1) is specifically: using human body modeling and simulation technology to analyze the mechanism of skeletal muscle activity in the lower limbs of riding, Determine the muscle groups recruited by the force of the lower limbs; use the finite element analysis method to analyze the stress on the bones and the parts that are prone to damage during cycling, so as to clarify the specific positions of the skeletal muscles that need to be protected; divide the bones according to the specific role of the skeletal muscles in cycling Distribution map of muscle movement function. 3. The construction method of the functional tight riding shorts structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the step (3) is specifically: measuring the amount of sweating of the human body under different intensity activities, and calculating the lower limbs under different exercise intensities. Sweating rate, according to the result of sweating rate of lower limbs, adopt similar classification method to divide the heat and humidity distribution map of lower limbs. 4. The construction method of functional tight cycling shorts according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (4), the most suitable fabric is selected according to the functional division of the lower limbs, and the grain direction of the division is determined according to the direction of skin deformation .