CN105947241A - System for space-based global quick delivery of disaster relief unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

A space-based global rapid delivery system for unmanned aerial vehicles for disaster relief, characterized in that it includes: a carrier relay transmission spacecraft (1), an autonomous re-entry delivery cabin (2) and an unmanned aerial vehicle (3); The transmission spacecraft (1) runs on a satellite orbit, the autonomous re-entry delivery module (2) is connected with the carrier relay transmission spacecraft (1), and the autonomous re-entry delivery module (2) is equipped with an unmanned aerial vehicle (3); By making comprehensive use of the characteristics of rapid global accessibility of in-orbit spacecraft and the ability of unmanned aerial vehicles to go deep into the disaster core area to collect information at short distances, the present invention loads unmanned aerial vehicles into the spacecraft and flies in orbit, utilizing its global coverage characteristics , broke through the range and speed limitations of traditional aircraft, improved the disaster emergency response speed, and used the re-entry method to deliver unmanned aerial vehicles to the sky above the disaster-stricken area for close inspection, overcome the problem of insufficient resolution of satellite imaging, and improve disaster emergency response. responsiveness.

Description

A Disaster Relief UAV Space-Based Global Rapid Delivery System

technical field

The invention relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle delivery system.

Background technique

In emergencies such as plane crashes, shipwrecks, war conflicts, violent terrorist attacks, and natural disasters, before rescuers go to the scene to deal with them, it is necessary to investigate the scene of the accident to formulate a reasonable rescue plan. The existing search and rescue survey methods mainly Including sending personnel to conduct on-site surveys, using aircraft or drones to conduct close-in surveys, and using satellites to conduct remote sensing imaging surveys. However, the existing search and rescue survey methods have certain limitations, especially for disasters in remote seas and remote areas, which may lead to delays in rescue timing. The specific analysis is as follows:

Dispatch personnel to carry out on-site surveys, mainly relying on professional search and rescue personnel to go deep into the disaster site on foot, or by vehicles, ships, etc. The scope of action of personnel is extremely limited, and dispatching personnel rashly before fully understanding the specific situation of the incident may lead to secondary accidents.

Using air vehicles such as airplanes or drones to conduct close-in search and rescue surveys can survey the scene at close range, search for survivors, and implement rescue by dropping materials without going deep into the hinterland of the disaster. The flying speed of the aircraft is fast and the maneuverability is strong. It can conduct a large-scale general survey and close-up detailed inspection of the disaster-affected area. The high-subsonic aircraft that are currently commonly equipped also takes several hours to reach the site for operations, and needs to return before the fuel is exhausted. Although the drone can choose to work until the fuel is exhausted and be discarded, it is limited by the remote control distance. It is also impossible to carry out operations in remote areas.

The use of satellites for remote sensing imaging survey mainly refers to the use of optical imaging satellites to image the disaster site when the satellite is over the top, and transmit the image data to the ground system. Search and rescue personnel can obtain information on the disaster site by analyzing satellite images. The advantage of satellite remote sensing is that it can quickly revisit any region of the world through constellation networking, without geographical constraints, and the imaging response time can be shortened to hours or even minutes, but its limitation is that the imaging resolution is limited by the satellite orbit. Highly affected, currently the highest can only reach the meter to decimeter level, the ability to recognize small-scale targets such as people is insufficient, and it is seriously affected by weather conditions such as clouds, and it is impossible to carry out operations in rainy weather.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem of the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a space-based global rapid delivery system for disaster relief unmanned aerial vehicles, which loads unmanned aerial vehicles in spacecraft and flies in orbit, and utilizes its global coverage It breaks through the range and speed limitations of traditional aircraft, improves disaster emergency response speed, and uses re-entry methods to deliver unmanned aerial vehicles over the disaster-stricken area for close-in surveys, overcomes the problem of insufficient resolution of satellite imaging, and improves the speed of disaster response. Effectiveness of emergency response.

The technical solution of the present invention is: a space-based global rapid delivery system for disaster relief unmanned aerial vehicles, including: a carrier relay transmission spacecraft, an autonomous re-entry delivery cabin and a UAV; the carrier relay transmission spacecraft operates on On the satellite orbit, the carrying relay transmission spacecraft receives the location of the incident, delivery time, flight height and flight path information sent by the outside through the satellite-ground communication link, and according to the location of the incident, delivery time, wireless Human-machine flight height and flight path information determine the flight attitude of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin, the release time of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin, the start-up time of the propulsion unit of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin, the ignition time of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin, and the Release altitude and speed information; carrying relay transmission spacecraft will autonomous re-entry delivery cabin flight attitude, autonomous re-entry delivery cabin release time, autonomous re-entry delivery cabin propulsion unit start-up time, autonomous re-entry delivery cabin ignition duration , UAV release height and speed information is transmitted to the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin, and the flight height and flight path information of the UAV is transmitted to the drone; the carrying relay transmission spacecraft is connected to the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin;

The autonomous re-entry delivery module is equipped with unmanned aerial vehicles; the autonomous re-entry delivery module is separated from the carrier relay transmission spacecraft according to the scheduled release time of the autonomous re-entry delivery module; The sent flight attitude information adjusts its own attitude, and controls the deceleration pulse to enter the re-entry corridor above the target area according to the power-on time of the propulsion unit of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin and the ignition duration information of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin; the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin Release the drone when the altitude and speed reach the specified drone release altitude and speed;

After the UAV is separated from the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin, it enters the autopilot flight state according to the UAV flight altitude and flight path information sent by the carrier relay transmission spacecraft, and searches for the communication signal sent by the carrier relay transmission spacecraft. Build a communication link from the UAV to the carrier relay transmission spacecraft and then to the command terminal; the UAV sends the position, speed, and attitude information of the UAV to the command terminal, and at the same time, the UAV obtains the flight control instructions sent by the command terminal. It is used to change the flight path of the UAV; the UAV searches for the target area and conducts a patrol flight according to the UAV flight height and flight path information sent by the carrier relay transmission spacecraft or the flight control command sent by the command terminal, and collects the target area. Information or materials are delivered, and the collected images and image data are returned to the command terminal through the communication link.

The carrier relay transmission spacecraft is equipped with a communication relay data transmission subsystem and a UAV re-entry cabin operation subsystem; The release time of the delivery cabin, the start-up time of the propulsion unit of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin, the ignition time of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin, the release height and speed information of the UAV are transmitted to the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin and the flight height, flight The path information is transmitted to the UAV flight control unit; the communication signal sent by the communication relay data transmission subsystem is sent to the UAV to build a communication link.

The autonomous re-entry delivery cabin includes a control unit, an energy unit, a propulsion unit, and a UAV release cabin; the control unit is equipped with attitude-sensitive equipment for determining the attitude of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin, and is equipped with an attitude control mechanism for autonomous re-entry. The attitude adjustment of the re-entry delivery cabin, the attitude control mechanism includes thrusters and flywheels, the control unit is equipped with an altimeter to measure its own height, and the accelerometer and gyroscope calculate the speed of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin; The deceleration pulse is controlled by the ignition duration of the autonomous reentry delivery capsule.

The unmanned aerial vehicle is equipped with a star-machine communication system and a payload, wherein the payload includes airborne imaging equipment and materials; the star-machine communication system searches for the communication signal sent by the communication relay digital transmission subsystem in the carrying relay transmission spacecraft, And transmit the video or audio information of the target area collected by the airborne imaging equipment to the command terminal.

The carrying relay transmission spacecraft orbits the earth in low-earth orbit, and forms a constellation network to regularly cover all regions of the world.

The advantage of the present invention compared with prior art is:

(1) The present invention consists of a carrier relay transmission spacecraft, an autonomous re-entry delivery cabin and an unmanned aerial vehicle, and is delivered to the disaster area by releasing the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin from the carrier relay transmission spacecraft flying around the earth Unmanned aerial vehicles are used for disaster site surveys. Compared with traditional aerial survey methods, the present invention has the advantages of fast response time and can reach any region in the world; compared with aerospace remote sensing survey methods, the present invention has flexible image and video acquisition angles and can provide satellite The clarity cannot be achieved by photos, and it is not affected by weather such as clouds.

(2) In the present invention, the unmanned aerial vehicle is equipped with a star-machine communication system, which is used to establish the communication link of unmanned aerial vehicle-carrying relay transmission spacecraft-command terminal, compared with the direct receiving command terminal adopted by existing unmanned aerial vehicles In the way of signal, the operating distance of the UAV in the present invention is far greater than the limitation of the range of the UAV and the transmission distance of the existing remote control signal, and it can realize the ultra-remote operation of the UAV, which is used to complete the transoceanic and intercontinental disaster investigation Task.

(3) The present invention proposes an autonomous re-entry delivery cabin with the function of autonomous deployment and release in the air, which can be deployed by itself according to its own height and speed, and release the drone in the air, so that the drone can directly enter the flying state. Actions such as taking off are eliminated, and the efficiency of task execution is improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the composition figure of aircraft of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the spacecraft carrying relay transmission of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the autonomous reentry delivery cabin of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the architecture diagram of the operation drone of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the space-based fast system of the disaster relief unmanned aerial vehicle of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a flowchart of the disaster response task of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a construction and operation diagram of the space-based UAV delivery and operation system of the present invention.

detailed description

As shown in Figure 1, a space-based global rapid delivery system for disaster relief UAVs includes a carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1, an autonomous reentry delivery module 2 and a UAV 3.

Carrying relay transmission spacecraft 1, as shown in Figure 2, is a part of the long-term on-orbit operation of the space-based UAV delivery and operation system. At the same time, it is equipped with the communication relay data transmission subsystem and the UAV re-entry cabin operation subsystem, including the mechanical/energy/information interface connected to the re-entry cabin, which is used to realize the emergency relief involved in the present invention Task implementation. The main function of the carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1 is divided into two aspects. On the one hand, it provides a carrying platform for the autonomous re-entry delivery module 2 equipped with the UAV 3 during the launch and on-duty operation phases, and at the same time ensures the autonomous re-entry delivery The energy of the module 2 and the UAV system meets the needs during the on-orbit operation, and loads the initial data for the autonomous re-entry delivery module 2 and the UAV 3 before the implementation of the delivery mission; on the other hand, the UAV 3 After release, through the communication relay data transmission sub-system, the communication connection between UAV 3-carrying relay transmission spacecraft 1-command terminal is established to ensure that the operation instructions of the disaster relief command system are issued to UAV 3, and at the same time the UAV 3 The acquired images, videos and other information are transmitted to the command station.

The autonomous re-entry delivery module 2, as shown in Figure 3, is the main carrier used for re-entry delivery of the unmanned aerial vehicle 3, which is divided into two sub-cabins, in which the service module is loaded with energy, control and propulsion units , after the initial data is bound and released by the carrying relay transmission spacecraft 1, it can autonomously control the attitude and orbit, and enter the atmosphere according to a certain flight path. The UAV release cabin is used to load the UAV 3, and can press The instruction program will automatically expand when reaching the specified state, releasing the drone 3 inside it. At the same time, the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin 2 is equipped with a protective shell, and the outer surface is made of ablation and heat-resistant materials, which can provide a thermal environment for the re-entry flight of the UAV 3 on the basis of ensuring certain flight characteristics. Provide the space environment protection function of UAV 3 during long-term flight in orbit. The autonomous re-entry delivery module 2 is a one-time device. After re-entry and release of the UAV 3, the autonomous re-entry delivery module 2 is discarded. One carrying relay transmission spacecraft 1 can carry multiple autonomous re-entry delivery vehicles at the same time. Cabin 2.

The unmanned aerial vehicle 3, as shown in Figure 4, is the main body to carry out close inspection of the disaster area, using the foldable wing body to provide lift, and the energy unit, flight control unit and control mechanism configured on the machine are used to provide continuous maneuvering flight capability, the star-machine communication system can independently track satellites and establish a communication link between the UAV 3 and the carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1, and receive instructions or send data through this link. In addition, the UAV 3 carries The payload includes cameras and photographing equipment for disaster investigation, and if necessary, it can also be equipped with drop objects and beacons for rescue. UAV 3 is also a one-time device. After the energy is exhausted, the aircraft can land or be discarded autonomously.

As shown in Figure 5, it is a schematic diagram of the space-based UAV delivery and operation system. The system uses multiple carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1 to carry the autonomous re-entry delivery module 2 to cruise around the entire earth in the form of a constellation network. After a sudden disaster in a remote area, the spacecraft receives mission instructions, sends control parameters to the re-entry module and UAV 3 according to the instructions, and releases the re-entry module at a predetermined time, and the autonomous re-entry delivery module carries the UAV 3 enters the atmosphere, and after reaching the designated release altitude, UAV 3 separates from the re-entry cabin, enters the flight state autonomously, and establishes communication with the command system through the spacecraft relay to carry out operations.

As shown in Figure 6, it is the specific workflow of the space-based UAV delivery and operation system. First of all, after the disaster response department receives the emergency response information, it needs to clarify the location of the incident and other information, and when it is really necessary to provide support from the space-based UAV delivery system, combined with the current moment, each carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1 is in orbit state, plan to determine a certain spacecraft to perform the delivery mission, and upload the relevant instructions to the carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1 through the satellite-ground communication link.

The carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1 is equipped with a communication relay data transmission subsystem and a UAV re-entry operation subsystem; it receives externally sent information on the location of the incident, delivery time, UAV 3 flight height, and flight path information, According to the above information, determine the flight attitude of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin 2, the release time of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin 2, the start-up time of the propulsion unit of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin 2, the ignition duration of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin 2, the UAV 3 Release the altitude and speed information, the specific method is: according to the delivery time, combined with the current flight status of the carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1, calculate the space position and speed that the carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1 will arrive at the delivery time, and then use the classic The re-entry body dynamics model, combined with the location of the incident and the flight height data of the UAV, calculates a re-entry flight trajectory of the autonomous re-entry delivery module 2. The starting point of the trajectory is located at the delivery time of the relay transmission spacecraft 1 The space position to be reached, the end point is located at the position where the UAV 3 is scheduled to fly above the accident site. The difference between the flight speed corresponding to the starting point of the re-entry flight trajectory of the autonomous re-entry delivery module 2 and the velocity vector of the relay transmission spacecraft 1 at the moment of delivery is the result of the orbit-changing maneuver of the autonomous re-entry delivery module 2 The required speed pulse vector, the vector direction of the speed pulse vector determines the flight attitude after the release of the autonomous re-entry delivery module 2, that is, the thrust direction of the orbit control engine should be consistent with the speed pulse vector vector direction, and the speed pulse size combined with the orbit control Engine thrust and delivery time, according to the classic engine thrust formula, calculate the start-up time and ignition duration of the propulsion unit of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin 2. The UAV re-entry cabin operation sub-system will be autonomous re-entry delivery cabin 2 flight attitude, autonomous re-entry delivery cabin 2 release time, autonomous re-entry delivery cabin 2 propulsion unit startup time, autonomous re-entry delivery cabin 2 ignition Time length, unmanned aerial vehicle 3 release height and speed information are transmitted to the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin 2 and the flight height and flight path information of the unmanned aerial vehicle 3 are transmitted to the flight control unit of the unmanned aerial vehicle 3; The scheduled release time of the autonomous reentry delivery module 2 is to disengage the interface connecting the carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1 and the autonomous reentry delivery module 2, and the autonomous reentry delivery module 2 and the carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1 Separate and enter the autonomous flight state.

The autonomous re-entry delivery cabin 2 includes a control unit, an energy unit, a propulsion unit, and a UAV release cabin; the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin 2 uses the attitude-sensitive equipment of the control unit to determine the attitude, and is classified according to the UAV re-entry cabin operation. The flight attitude information sent by the system uses the thruster and flywheel of the attitude control mechanism in the control unit to adjust its own attitude, and then starts the propulsion unit according to the power-on time of the propulsion unit, and controls the deceleration pulse provided by the thrust unit through the set ignition duration, so that the autonomous restart Enter the delivery cabin 2 and enter the re-entry corridor above the target area. After deceleration, it autonomously re-enters the delivery cabin 2 to further adjust its own attitude, so that the head of the heat-proof structure faces the flight direction, prevents the aerodynamic heating effect from causing damage to the cabin body, uses its own aerodynamic shape to stabilize its own attitude, passes through the black barrier area and reduces the speed Finally, use the altimeter in the control unit to measure its own height, accelerometer and gyroscope to calculate its own speed, when the height and speed of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin 2 reach the designated UAV release height and speed, detonate pyrotechnics to make the autonomous The re-entry delivery cabin 2 unfolds and releases the UAV 3, and the UAV 3 is released into the air immediately, unfolds the folding wings, starts the aeroengine to enter the flight state, and the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin 2 is discarded.

After the unmanned aerial vehicle 3 is separated from the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin 2, it can start the engine by itself, deploy the wings, and the tail, and enter the automatic pilot flight according to the flight altitude and flight path information of the unmanned aerial vehicle sent by the carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1. State, start the star-machine communication system, search for the communication signal sent by the communication relay digital transmission subsystem in the carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1, and build the communication link from the UAV 3 to the carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1 and then to the command terminal road. After completing the connection of the communication link, the UAV 3 sends the UAV flight status information (position, speed, attitude information) to the command terminal, and the command terminal can also change the UAV by sending flight control instructions to the UAV 3. The flight path of 3 makes UAV 3 enter semi-autonomous or controlled flight mode. The UAV 3 searches for the target area and conducts a patrol flight according to the UAV flight altitude and flight path information sent by the carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1 or the flight control command sent by the command terminal, and at the same time starts the payload such as the airborne imaging equipment, Collect short-distance and multi-angle information on the disaster site, and use the communication link to return the collected images and video data to the command terminal. If the unmanned aerial vehicle 3 is equipped with a delivery device, rescue items such as beacons are delivered to designated locations as required. When the energy on the UAV 3 is exhausted, the UAV 3 makes an emergency landing autonomously, activates its own beacon and waits for the search and rescue personnel to pick up and recover it, or discard it directly to complete the entire mission.

After a round of delivery tasks is implemented, if the requirements for disaster site investigation are still not met, a new delivery strategy can be planned again and the above process repeated.

As shown in Figure 7, it is the large-scale system construction process of the space-based UAV 3 delivery and operation system. In the initial stage of system establishment, a number of carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1 are sent into low-earth orbits to orbit the earth by means of launch vehicles. And form a constellation network to complete the regular coverage of all regions of the world; after the network is completed, the system enters the on-duty operation stage. In this stage, the carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1 system is on standby for the disaster response information from the ground on the one hand. State, on the other hand, makes full use of the communication/relay transmission equipment on the star to provide data services for the ground; after the system receives the disaster response command, it can execute the task process shown in Figure 6 and consume the carried autonomous power. The re-entry delivery cabin 2 and the unmanned aerial vehicle 3, after all the autonomous re-entry delivery cabins 2 carried by a relay transmission spacecraft 1 are released, they can enter the no-load operation state, and the spacecraft can continue to operate at this time The ground provides communication/relay transmission services. For the spacecraft operating without load, according to the needs of the disaster response mission, re-launch the new carrier relay transmission spacecraft 1 to supplement the network of the system constellation to ensure the ground coverage performance, or through the on-orbit assembly method, Supplement the autonomous re-entry delivery module 2 for the spacecraft so that it can re-enter the on-duty operation state.

The content that is not described in detail in the description of the present invention belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art.

Claims (5)

1. A disaster relief unmanned aerial vehicle space-based global rapid delivery system is characterized in that it includes: carrying a relay transmission spacecraft (1), an autonomous re-entry delivery cabin (2) and an unmanned aerial vehicle (3); The relay transmission spacecraft (1) runs on the satellite orbit, and the relay transmission spacecraft (1) receives the location of the incident, the delivery time, and the flight altitude of the UAV (3) from the outside through the satellite-ground communication link. , flight path information, according to the location of the incident, delivery time, UAV (3) flight altitude, and flight path information to determine the flight attitude of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin (2), and the release of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin (2) Time, autonomous re-entry delivery module (2) propulsion unit startup time, autonomous re-entry delivery module (2) ignition duration, UAV (3) release altitude and speed information; carrying relay transmission spacecraft (1) will Autonomous reentry delivery module (2) flight attitude, autonomous reentry delivery module (2) release time, autonomous reentry delivery module (2) propulsion unit power-on time, autonomous reentry delivery module (2) ignition duration, UAV (3) releases the height and speed information and transmits it to the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin (2) and transmits the flight height and flight path information of the UAV (3) to the UAV (3); The device (1) is connected with the autonomous reentry delivery cabin (2); The autonomous re-entry delivery cabin (2) is equipped with an unmanned aerial vehicle (3); the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin (2) is released according to the scheduled autonomous re-entry delivery cabin (2) release time and the carrying relay transmission spacecraft (1) Separation; the autonomous re-entry delivery module (2) adjusts its attitude according to the flight attitude information sent by the carrier relay transmission spacecraft (1), and adjusts its attitude according to the start-up time of the propulsion unit of the autonomous re-entry delivery module (2) and the autonomous re-entry delivery module (2). Delivery cabin (2) Ignition duration information controls the deceleration pulse to enter the re-entry corridor above the target area; autonomous re-entry delivery cabin (2) releases unmanned aerial vehicle (3) when the altitude and speed reach the specified drone (3) release altitude and speed machine(3); After the unmanned aerial vehicle (3) is separated from the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin (2), it enters the autopilot flight state according to the flight altitude and flight path information of the unmanned aerial vehicle (3) sent by the carrier relay transmission spacecraft (1), Search for the communication signal sent by the carrier relay transmission spacecraft (1), build a communication link from the unmanned aerial vehicle (3) to the carrier relay transmission spacecraft (1) and then to the command terminal; Send the position, speed, and attitude information of the UAV, and at the same time, the UAV (3) obtains the flight control command sent by the command terminal to change the flight path of the UAV (3); the UAV (3) transmits The drone's flight altitude and flight path information sent by the spacecraft (1) or the flight control command sent by the command terminal find the target area and conduct a patrol flight, collect the target area information or drop materials, and return the collected data through the communication link images and video data to the command terminal. 2. A kind of disaster relief unmanned aerial vehicle space-based global fast delivery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: said carrier relay transmission spacecraft (1) is equipped with communication relay data transmission sub-system, unmanned aerial vehicle The re-entry cabin operation subsystem; the UAV re-entry cabin operation subsystem will automatically re-enter the delivery cabin flight attitude, the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin release time, the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin propulsion unit start time, the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin Transmission cabin ignition duration, UAV release altitude and speed information are transmitted to the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin (2) and the UAV flight height and flight path information are transmitted to the UAV flight control unit; communication relay data transmission points The communication signal sent by the system is sent to the UAV (3), and a communication link is established. 3. A kind of disaster relief unmanned aerial vehicle space-based global rapid delivery system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin (2) includes a control unit, an energy unit, a propulsion unit, UAV release cabin; the control unit is equipped with attitude-sensitive equipment for determining the attitude of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin (2), and is equipped with an attitude control mechanism for attitude adjustment of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin (2). The attitude control mechanism includes The thruster, flywheel, and the control unit are equipped with an altimeter to measure their own altitude, accelerometers and gyroscopes to calculate the speed of the autonomous re-entry delivery cabin (2); 2) The ignition duration controls the deceleration pulse. 4. A kind of space-based global rapid delivery system of unmanned aerial vehicle for disaster relief according to claim 3, characterized in that: said unmanned aerial vehicle (3) is equipped with a star-machine communication system and a payload, wherein the payload includes an airborne Imaging equipment and materials; the star-machine communication system searches for and transmits the communication signals sent by the communication relay digital transmission subsystem in the spacecraft (1), and transmits the video or audio information of the target area collected by the airborne imaging equipment to the command terminal . 5. A space-based global rapid delivery system for disaster relief drones according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the carrying relay transmission spacecraft (1) orbits the earth in low-earth orbit, and forms The constellation network regularly covers all regions of the world.