CN105938659A - Parking lot vehicle positioning method and system based on audio address coding - Google Patents
Parking lot vehicle positioning method and system based on audio address coding Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明实施例公开了一种基于音频地址编码的停车场车辆定位方法及系统，其中，该方法包括：按照固定的间隔部署的多个音频发生设备将其所在位置通过音频信号发送给用户的移动终端；移动终端接收音频信号，对音频信号进行解码，获取位置信息；移动终端判断车辆的运动状态，并根据车辆的运动状态选取位置信息确定车辆的停放位置。在本发明实施例中，利用附近的音频信息，提高车辆定位的准确性，通过结合运动信息，有利于避免将寻车过程中经过的位置当作车辆的停放位置，进一步提高了定位的准确性；音频编码有较好的准确性和抗干扰性，音频发生设备成本相对图像采集设备低，降低硬件成本，降低维护难度，减少用户操作，给用户带来便利。
The embodiment of the present invention discloses a parking lot vehicle positioning method and system based on audio address coding, wherein the method includes: a plurality of audio generating devices deployed at fixed intervals sends their location to the user's mobile phone via audio signals The terminal; the mobile terminal receives the audio signal, decodes the audio signal, and obtains the position information; the mobile terminal judges the motion state of the vehicle, and selects the position information according to the motion state of the vehicle to determine the parking position of the vehicle. In the embodiment of the present invention, the accuracy of vehicle positioning is improved by using nearby audio information, and by combining motion information, it is beneficial to avoid taking the position passed by during the car search process as the parking position of the vehicle, further improving the accuracy of positioning ; Audio coding has better accuracy and anti-interference performance, and the cost of audio generating equipment is lower than that of image acquisition equipment, which reduces hardware cost, reduces maintenance difficulty, reduces user operations, and brings convenience to users.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及车辆定位技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于音频地址编码的停车场车辆定位方法及系统。The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle positioning, in particular to a parking lot vehicle positioning method and system based on audio address coding.
背景技术Background technique
随着社会的发展，出现越来越多的大型商场或公共场所，其配套停车场也比较大型，去往这些地方的人们也更多地驾驶车辆前往，人们离场时总是想快速准确地寻取车辆。现有存在以下几种车辆定位技术：With the development of society, more and more large shopping malls or public places appear, and their supporting parking lots are also relatively large. People who go to these places also drive more vehicles. When people leave the field, they always want to quickly and accurately Find a vehicle. The following vehicle positioning technologies exist:
(1)音频室内定位技术(1) Audio indoor positioning technology
在模拟信号系统中，声音由空气中传递的声波通过转换器(例如麦克风)转存成电流信号的电波。而重现声音则是相反的过程，通过放大器将电子信号转成物理声波，再借由扩音器拨放。数字音频，则实现了从模拟信号中采样，并转换为二进制0、1信号。通过将模拟信号划分时间片，根据不同声波频率及时间片长度即可实现对二进制信号的编码。In the analog signal system, the sound is transferred from the sound wave transmitted in the air to the electric wave of the current signal through a converter (such as a microphone). The reproduction of sound is the opposite process. The electronic signal is converted into physical sound waves through the amplifier, and then played through the loudspeaker. Digital audio is realized by sampling from analog signals and converting them into binary 0, 1 signals. By dividing the analog signal into time slices, the binary signal can be encoded according to different sound wave frequencies and time slice lengths.
目前，存在方案在AP(无线路由)上安装一个音频发射器，利用音频编码的方式进行室内定位的技术。虽然该方案应用了音频编码技术，但是文献的方法是基于音频测距：通过解码音频信号，利用声波传输时间测量手机与某个已知位置的音频发射器的位置，再使用三边定位方法获得用户的准确位置。基于超声波测距的室内定位效果受限于测距精度。在复杂的停车场环境，由于遮挡和反射等因素，可能导致测距精度下降。At present, there is a solution to install an audio transmitter on an AP (wireless router) and use audio coding to perform indoor positioning. Although the program uses audio coding technology, the method in the literature is based on audio ranging: by decoding the audio signal, using the sound wave transmission time to measure the position of the mobile phone and an audio transmitter at a known location, and then using the trilateration method to obtain The exact location of the user. The indoor positioning effect based on ultrasonic ranging is limited by the ranging accuracy. In a complex parking lot environment, due to factors such as occlusion and reflection, the ranging accuracy may decrease.
(2)基于图像的车辆定位(2) Image-based vehicle positioning
基于彩色图像的车牌识别是一种相对成熟的技术，被广泛应用于交通、安全等领域。一种在彩色照片中进行车牌识别的方法流程如下：1)将包含车牌信息的彩色照片进行颜色分割，利用车牌长宽比知识，定位车牌在图像中的区域；2)利用投影法分割车牌上的每个字符区域；3)利用一个分类器实现对单个字符的识别。License plate recognition based on color images is a relatively mature technology, which is widely used in traffic, security and other fields. A method for license plate recognition in a color photo is as follows: 1) color-segment the color photo containing the license plate information, and use the license plate aspect ratio knowledge to locate the area of the license plate in the image; 2) use the projection method to segment the license plate Each character area; 3) use a classifier to realize the recognition of a single character.
目前，已有方案基于图像车牌识别进行车辆定位。部分方案将超声发声装置安装于天花板或地面上，检测车位当前是否被占用，如果被占用则利用图像信息进行车辆识别与定位。这种方法要求在停车场署大量的摄像机(每个摄像头对应一个或几个停车位)，导致系统成本高，维护难度大。At present, there are existing solutions for vehicle location based on image license plate recognition. Some solutions install ultrasonic sounding devices on the ceiling or on the ground to detect whether the parking space is currently occupied, and if so, use image information to identify and locate the vehicle. This method requires a large number of cameras to be installed in the parking lot (each camera corresponds to one or several parking spaces), resulting in high system cost and difficult maintenance.
(3)智能手机反向寻车(3) Smartphone reverse car search
随着智能手机的广泛普及，目前已有基于智能手机进行车辆定位的方法，可通过微信等APP查询车辆位置。这种方案的本质还是摄像头车辆定位，设备部署与维护成本较高。通过手机识别停车位置附近的二维码进行定位。该方案要求用户主动扫描附近的二维码，会给用户造成一定程度的不便，可能降低用户使用的积极性。With the widespread popularization of smart phones, there are currently methods for vehicle positioning based on smart phones, and the location of vehicles can be queried through APPs such as WeChat. The essence of this solution is camera vehicle positioning, and the cost of equipment deployment and maintenance is relatively high. Use the mobile phone to identify the QR code near the parking location for positioning. This solution requires the user to actively scan the nearby QR code, which will cause a certain degree of inconvenience to the user and may reduce the user's enthusiasm for use.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种基于音频地址编码的停车场车辆定位方法及系统，有利于避免将寻车过程中经过的位置当作车辆的停放位置，进一步提高了定位的准确性。The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art. The present invention provides a parking lot vehicle positioning method and system based on audio address coding, which is beneficial to avoid taking the passing position in the car search process as the parking position of the vehicle, and further Improved positioning accuracy.
为了解决上述问题，本发明提出了一种基于音频地址编码的停车场车辆定位方法，所述方法包括：In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a method for locating vehicles in a parking lot based on audio address coding, said method comprising:
按照固定的间隔部署的多个音频发生设备将其所在位置通过音频信号发送给用户的移动终端；Multiple audio generating devices deployed at fixed intervals send their locations to the user's mobile terminal through audio signals;
移动终端接收音频信号，对音频信号进行解码，获取位置信息；The mobile terminal receives the audio signal, decodes the audio signal, and obtains the location information;
移动终端判断车辆的运动状态，并根据车辆的运动状态选取位置信息确定车辆的停放位置。The mobile terminal judges the motion state of the vehicle, and selects location information according to the motion state of the vehicle to determine the parking position of the vehicle.
优选地，所述按照固定的间隔部署的多个音频发生设备将其所在位置通过音频信号发出的步骤，包括：Preferably, the step of sending out the locations of the plurality of audio generating devices deployed at fixed intervals through audio signals includes:
音频发生设备将其所在位置进行音频编码，获得包含位置信息的音频信号；The audio generating device performs audio encoding on its location to obtain an audio signal containing location information;
将包含位置信息的音频信号发出。An audio signal containing position information is emitted.
优选地，所述移动终端判断车辆的运动状态的步骤，包括：Preferably, the step of determining the motion state of the vehicle by the mobile terminal includes:
移动终端的内置加速度传感器判断当前的运动状态；The built-in acceleration sensor of the mobile terminal judges the current motion state;
根据当前的移动终端的运动状态判定车辆的运动状态。The motion state of the vehicle is determined according to the current motion state of the mobile terminal.
相应地，本发明还提供一种基于音频地址编码的停车场车辆定位系统，所述系统包括：Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a parking lot vehicle positioning system based on audio address coding, said system comprising:
多个音频发生设备，按照固定的间隔部署于停车场，将其所在位置通过音频信号发送给用户的移动终端；Multiple audio generating devices are deployed in the parking lot at fixed intervals, and their location is sent to the user's mobile terminal through audio signals;
移动终端，用于接收音频信号，对音频信号进行解码，获取位置信息；判断车辆的运动状态，并根据车辆的运动状态选取位置信息确定车辆的停放位置。The mobile terminal is used to receive audio signals, decode the audio signals, and obtain location information; judge the motion state of the vehicle, and select the location information according to the motion state of the vehicle to determine the parking position of the vehicle.
优选地，所述音频发生设备包括：Preferably, the audio generating device includes:
编码模块，用于将其所在位置进行音频编码，获得包含位置信息的音频信号；An encoding module, configured to perform audio encoding on its location to obtain an audio signal containing location information;
发送模块，用于将包含位置信息的音频信号发出。The sending module is used for sending the audio signal including the location information.
优选地，所述移动终端包括：Preferably, the mobile terminal includes:
内置加速度传感器，用于判断当前的运动状态；Built-in acceleration sensor, used to judge the current state of motion;
判定模块，用于根据当前的移动终端的运动状态判定车辆的运动状态。The judging module is used for judging the motion state of the vehicle according to the current motion state of the mobile terminal.
在本发明实施例中，利用附近的音频信息，提高车辆定位的准确性，通过结合运动信息，有利于避免将寻车过程中经过的位置当作车辆的停放位置，进一步提高了定位的准确性；音频编码有较好的准确性和抗干扰性，音频发生设备成本相对图像采集设备低，降低硬件成本，降低维护难度，减少用户操作，给用户带来便利。In the embodiment of the present invention, the accuracy of vehicle positioning is improved by using nearby audio information, and by combining motion information, it is beneficial to avoid taking the position passed by during the car search process as the parking position of the vehicle, further improving the accuracy of positioning ; Audio coding has better accuracy and anti-interference performance, and the cost of audio generating equipment is lower than that of image acquisition equipment, which reduces hardware cost, reduces maintenance difficulty, reduces user operations, and brings convenience to users.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
图1是本发明实施例的基于音频地址编码的停车场车辆定位方法的流程示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic flow chart of the parking lot vehicle location method based on the audio address coding of the embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例的基于音频地址编码的停车场车辆定位系统的结构组成示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the parking lot vehicle positioning system based on audio address coding according to the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
图1是本发明实施例的基于音频地址编码的停车场车辆定位方法及系统的流程示意图，如图1所示，该方法包括：Fig. 1 is the schematic flow chart of the parking lot vehicle location method and system based on audio address coding of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1, the method comprises:
S1，按照固定的间隔部署的多个音频发生设备将其所在位置通过音频信号发送给用户的移动终端；S1, multiple audio generating devices deployed at fixed intervals send their locations to the user's mobile terminal through audio signals;
S2，移动终端接收音频信号，对音频信号进行解码，获取位置信息；S2, the mobile terminal receives the audio signal, decodes the audio signal, and acquires location information;
S3，移动终端判断车辆的运动状态，并根据车辆的运动状态选取位置信息确定车辆的停放位置。S3, the mobile terminal judges the motion state of the vehicle, and selects location information according to the motion state of the vehicle to determine the parking position of the vehicle.
其中，S1进一步包括：Among them, S1 further includes:
音频发生设备将其所在位置进行音频编码，获得包含位置信息的音频信号；The audio generating device performs audio encoding on its location to obtain an audio signal containing location information;
将包含位置信息的音频信号发出。An audio signal containing position information is emitted.
在S2中，选定声波频段后，设定解码开始信标频率为fs，解码终止信标频率为fe。然后，在选定频段中分别设置频率{f1，f2，f3，...fn}为编码频率。设置每个地址的编码长度为L(编码可以认为是n进制的整数)，如果频率fi的信号出现，则表示地址编码对应的下标为i。当移动终端收听到开始信标时，才开始记录接下来的音频信息，当移动终端收听到终止信标时，则停止收听音频信息。In S2, after the sound wave frequency band is selected, the decoding start beacon frequency is set to f s , and the decoding end beacon frequency is set to f e . Then, respectively set frequencies {f 1 , f 2 , f 3 , . . . f n } in the selected frequency band as encoding frequencies. Set the encoding length of each address as L (the encoding can be regarded as an n-ary integer), and if the signal of frequency f i appears, it means that the subscript corresponding to the address encoding is i. When the mobile terminal hears the start beacon, it starts to record the following audio information, and when the mobile terminal hears the end beacon, it stops listening to the audio information.
移动终端判断车辆的运动状态的步骤，包括：The steps for the mobile terminal to determine the motion state of the vehicle include:
移动终端的内置加速度传感器判断当前的运动状态；The built-in acceleration sensor of the mobile terminal judges the current motion state;
根据当前的移动终端的运动状态判定车辆的运动状态。The motion state of the vehicle is determined according to the current motion state of the mobile terminal.
移动终端确定当前的运动状态。如果判断当前处于较稳定的状态，那么判断此时用户正在开车寻找车位，移动终端继续收听音频信息；如果判断此时用户正在步行，那么判断此时用户已经完成泊车，正步行离开停车场，则以最近一次获取的地址作为车辆的停放位置。The mobile terminal determines the current motion state. If it is judged that it is currently in a relatively stable state, it is judged that the user is driving to find a parking space, and the mobile terminal continues to listen to the audio information; if it is judged that the user is walking at this time, it is judged that the user has completed parking and is leaving the parking lot on foot. Then take the last acquired address as the parking location of the vehicle.
当行人行走时，移动终端采集的加速度值在一段时间内呈较强的周期性，与静止状态的读数(较为稳定)有较大差异。因此，本发明实施例中，通过采集加速度传感器在一段时间内的读数，判断此时用户是否正在行走。When a pedestrian is walking, the acceleration value collected by the mobile terminal shows a strong periodicity for a period of time, which is quite different from the reading in a static state (relatively stable). Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, it is judged whether the user is walking at this time by collecting the readings of the acceleration sensor within a period of time.
具体判断过程如下：The specific judgment process is as follows:
采集一段时间内的读数，记录读数超过阈值的次数及频率，计算频率的方差，若方差大于阈值，则判官用户此时正处于行走状态。Collect readings for a period of time, record the number and frequency of readings exceeding the threshold, and calculate the variance of the frequency. If the variance is greater than the threshold, the judge user is currently walking.
相应地，本发明实施例还提供一种基于音频地址编码的停车场车辆定位系统，如图2所示，该系统包括：Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a parking lot vehicle positioning system based on audio address coding, as shown in Figure 2, the system includes:
多个音频发生设备1…N，按照固定的间隔部署于停车场，将其所在位置通过音频信号发送给用户的移动终端；A plurality of audio generating devices 1...N are deployed in the parking lot at fixed intervals, and their locations are sent to the user's mobile terminal through audio signals;
移动终端，用于接收音频信号，对音频信号进行解码，获取位置信息；判断车辆的运动状态，并根据车辆的运动状态选取位置信息确定车辆的停放位置。The mobile terminal is used to receive audio signals, decode the audio signals, and obtain location information; judge the motion state of the vehicle, and select the location information according to the motion state of the vehicle to determine the parking position of the vehicle.
具体地，音频发生设备包括：Specifically, the audio generating equipment includes:
编码模块，用于将其所在位置进行音频编码，获得包含位置信息的音频信号；An encoding module, configured to perform audio encoding on its location to obtain an audio signal containing location information;
发送模块，用于将包含位置信息的音频信号发出。The sending module is used for sending the audio signal including the location information.
移动终端包括：Mobile terminals include:
内置加速度传感器，用于判断当前的运动状态；Built-in acceleration sensor, used to judge the current state of motion;
判定模块，用于根据当前的移动终端的运动状态判定车辆的运动状态。The judging module is used for judging the motion state of the vehicle according to the current motion state of the mobile terminal.
本发明的系统实施例中各功能模块的功能可参见本发明方法实施例中的流程处理，这里不再赘述。For the functions of each functional module in the system embodiment of the present invention, refer to the flow processing in the method embodiment of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.
在本发明实施例中，利用附近的音频信息，提高车辆定位的准确性，通过结合运动信息，有利于避免将寻车过程中经过的位置当作车辆的停放位置，进一步提高了定位的准确性；音频编码有较好的准确性和抗干扰性，音频发生设备成本相对图像采集设备低，降低硬件成本，降低维护难度，减少用户操作，给用户带来便利。In the embodiment of the present invention, the accuracy of vehicle positioning is improved by using nearby audio information, and by combining motion information, it is beneficial to avoid taking the position passed by during the car search process as the parking position of the vehicle, further improving the accuracy of positioning ; Audio coding has better accuracy and anti-interference performance, and the cost of audio generating equipment is lower than that of image acquisition equipment, which reduces hardware cost, reduces maintenance difficulty, reduces user operations, and brings convenience to users.
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述实施例的各种方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，该程序可以存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，存储介质可以包括：只读存储器(ROM，Read OnlyMemory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁盘或光盘等。Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above-mentioned embodiments can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium can include: Read Only Memory (ROM, Read Only Memory), Random Access Memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk, etc.
另外，以上对本发明实施例所提供的基于音频地址编码的停车场车辆定位方法及系统进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。In addition, the audio address coding-based parking lot vehicle positioning method and system provided by the embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail. In this paper, specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments It is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and scope of application. In summary, The contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
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