CN105928405B - A kind of layering accumulator is set and a kind of utilizes the cryogenic liquefying air energy storage systems set of layering accumulator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a layered cold storage device and a cryogenic liquefied air energy storage system using the layered cold storage device. The layered cold storage device includes: at least two cold storage devices adjacent to the cold storage device The cold storage devices are connected in series by means of cold transmission channels, and at least one of the cold storage devices is connected to the output end of the cold energy; during the cold storage process, the cold energy overflowed during the cold storage process of the previous stage of the cold storage device is used by the The cold delivery channel enters the cold storage device of the latter stage to pre-cool the cold storage device of the latter stage. The exhaust gas released from the cold storage device of the previous stage still contains a certain amount of cold energy, and then stores cold energy for the latter stage. After the pre-cooling of the device, the cold energy in the exhaust gas can be exchanged to the cold storage medium in the cold storage device to the greatest extent, thereby improving the storage rate of cold energy to a greater extent and avoiding waste of cold energy.

Description

A stratified cold storage device and a cryogenic liquefied air utilizing the stratified cold storage device Energy storage system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of cold energy storage and transportation, in particular to a layered cold storage device, a liquefied air cold storage system and an electric power storage and cold delivery system.

Background technique

Cryogenic liquefied air energy storage technology refers to the use of electric energy for compressed air during the low load period of the grid, and the high-pressure sealing of the air in abandoned mines, subsidence subsea gas storage tanks, caves, expired oil and gas wells or newly built gas storage wells. The energy storage method releases compressed air during the peak period to drive the steam turbine to generate electricity. The liquid air energy storage system has the advantages of large energy storage capacity, long energy storage period, small footprint and does not depend on geographical conditions. During energy storage, the electric energy compresses, cools and liquefies the air, and at the same time stores the heat energy released during the process, which is used to heat the air during energy release; during energy release, the liquid air is pressurized and vaporized, driving the expansion generator set to generate electricity, and at the same time The cold energy of the process is stored and used to cool the air while storing energy.

In the existing cryogenic liquefied air energy storage technology, the stored cold energy is often used to cool the gaseous air during the liquefaction process of the gaseous air. However, the cold energy required to liquefy the gaseous air is limited, and the excess cold energy is consumed discharge, resulting in a waste of cold energy. For this reason, those skilled in the art usually use a cold storage device to collect and store cold energy, and then deliver the cold energy in a directional manner, such as delivering cold air indoors. In actual use, the cold energy that can be stored by a cold storage device is limited, and multiple cold storage devices should be used for collaborative cold storage. Usually, after one cold storage device completes the cold storage, the next cold storage device will store cold. , this cold storage method has the following defects: 1. in the cold storage process of the first stage, there will be cold energy to escape continuously, so that the storage rate of cold energy is low; Therefore, the storage of cold energy in it is often more than the storage of the previous stage of cold storage device, that is, the temperature of the cold energy released by the latter stage of cold storage device is lower, which causes the cold energy to be released when the cold energy is released. , the output temperature is different, and the quality of the output cold energy is uneven.

Contents of the invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the low storage rate of cold energy in the cold storage device in the prior art, and when outputting cold energy, the output temperature is different and the quality of the output cold energy is uneven. defect.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a layered cold storage device, which is characterized in that it includes:

At least two cold accumulators, the adjacent cold accumulators are connected in series through cold delivery channels, and at least one of the cold accumulators is connected to the output end of cold energy; during the cold storage process, the previous stage of the accumulator The cold energy overflowed during the cold storage process of the cooler enters the cold storage device of the next stage through the cold delivery channel to pre-cool the cold storage device of the latter stage.

In the above-mentioned layered cold storage device, several adjacent cold storage devices form a group, and the preceding stage of each group of cold storage devices is connected to the output end of the cold energy.

In the above layered cold storage device, the cold storage located in the first stage of the series is connected to the output end of the cold energy.

The above-mentioned layered cold storage device further includes a cooling release channel, and the cooling release channel connects the cold storage devices one by one in series.

In the above-mentioned layered cold storage device, the cold release channel and the cold delivery channel are the same channel.

The present invention also provides a cryogenic liquefied air energy storage system utilizing a layered cold storage device, including an energy input device for inputting energy into the energy storage system;

an air compression device, driven by the energy input device to compress gaseous air into liquid air;

a gasification device, gasifying the liquid air;

And, the above-mentioned stratified cold storage device stores the cold energy generated during the gasification process of the liquid air in the gasification device.

In the above-mentioned cryogenic liquefied air energy storage system using a stratified cold storage device, the air compression device includes: a first-stage air compressor, an air cleaner, and a second-stage air compressor, and the first-stage air The compressor is a low-pressure compressor, and the second stage is a high-pressure compressor. The air purification device purifies the low-pressure compressed air and inputs it into the second-stage air compressor to further compress it into liquid air.

In the above-mentioned cryogenic liquefied air energy storage system using a layered cold storage device, the gasification device is connected to the cold storage device through the cold delivery channel.

In the above-mentioned cryogenic liquefied air energy storage system using a stratified cold storage device, the gasification device is an evaporator.

In the above-mentioned cryogenic liquefied air energy storage system using stratified cold storage device, it also includes an expansion unit, the expansion unit is at least one stage, and the expansion unit is connected to the input shaft of the generator set, so as to drive the The generator set runs to generate electricity.

The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

1. In the layered cold storage device of the present invention, at least two cold storage devices are included, and the adjacent cold storage devices are connected in series by means of cold delivery channels, and at least one of the cold storage devices is connected to the output end of cold energy ; In the cold storage process, the cold energy overflowed in the cold storage process of the cold storage device of the previous stage enters the cold storage device of the latter stage by means of the cold delivery channel, and is used to pre-heat the cold storage device of the latter stage. Cold, the exhaust gas released in the previous stage of cold storage still contains a certain amount of cold energy, and after precooling the latter stage of cold storage, the cold energy in the exhaust gas can be exchanged to the cold storage in the cold storage to a maximum extent. Medium, thereby greatly improving the storage rate of cold energy and avoiding waste of cold energy.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the specific implementation or description of the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description The drawings show some implementations of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative work.

1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the cold storage process of the layered cold storage device described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the cooling process of the stratified cold storage device described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the liquefied air cold storage system described in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the power storage and cooling transmission system described in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Explanation of reference signs:

1-cold storage; 2-cold delivery channel; 3-cooling release channel; 4-energy input device; 5-air compression device; 6-gasification device; 7-expansion unit.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, or in a specific orientation. construction and operation, therefore, should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict with each other.

Example 1

Referring to Fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a layered cold storage device, including several cold storage devices 1, the number of cold storage devices 1 is not less than 2, and any cold storage device 1 is connected to the cold energy output end, so as to receive The cold energy output by the cold energy output end is stored in parallel, and the adjacent storage 1 is connected in series by means of the cold delivery channel 2, so that during the cold storage process, the cold energy released by the previous stage cold storage device 1 during the cold storage process The energy can enter into the cold storage device 1 of the subsequent stage through the cold delivery channel 2, thereby precooling the cold storage device 1 of the subsequent stage.

The above-mentioned implementation is the core technical solution of this embodiment. Through the design of connecting the cold stores 1 in series with the help of the cold delivery channel 2, the residual cold that escapes from the previous stage cold store 1 during the cold storage process is introduced into the In the subsequent stage cold storage device 1, the subsequent stage cold storage device 1 is pre-cooled.

As a preferred embodiment, cold energy is exchanged in the cold storage device 1 by means of air, liquid or other media. Taking air as an example, the exhaust gas released in the previous stage cold storage device 1 still contains certain Cold energy, after pre-cooling the latter stage cold storage device 1, the cold energy in the exhaust gas can be exchanged to the cold storage medium in the cold storage device 1 to the greatest extent, thereby greatly improving the storage rate of cold energy. Avoid wasting cold energy.

In this embodiment, it is preferable to connect the cold storage device 1 of the first stage in series with the output end of the cold energy, and the subsequent multi-stage cold storage device 1 is also connected to the output end of the cold energy through the cold delivery channel 2 respectively, and A control valve that can open, close or adjust the flow rate of cold energy is arranged on each cold delivery channel 2 .

The cold storage process of the above layered cold storage device is:

Referring to Fig. 1. First open the control valve between the cold storage device 1 of the first stage and the cold energy output end, and the control valve between the cold storage device 1 of the first stage and the cold storage device 1 of the second stage, The cold energy first enters the first-stage cold storage 1, and during the heat exchange process, the exhaust gas enters the second-stage cold storage 1 through the control valve, thereby pre-cooling the second-stage cold storage 1, The full utilization of cold energy is guaranteed. After the cold storage of the first-stage cold storage device 1 is completed, close the control valve between the first-stage cold storage device 1 and the cold energy output end, and close the control valve between the first-stage cold storage device 1 and the second-stage cold storage device. The control valve between the devices 1, so far the cold storage of the first stage cold storage device 1 is completed. Then open the control valve between the cold storage device 1 of the second stage and the cold energy output end, the cold energy enters the cold storage device 1 of the second stage from the cold delivery channel 2, and open the cold storage device 1 of the second stage and the control valve between the third-stage cold storage device 1, the tail gas with residual cooling that escapes from the second-stage cold storage device 1 during the cold storage process enters the third-stage cold storage device 1 for its Pre-cooling, thereby completing the cold storage of the second-stage cold storage device 1 and the pre-cooling process of the third-stage cold storage device 1 . The subsequent cold storage processes of the third, fourth, and fifth stages are the same, and will not be repeated here.

The cooling release process of the above layered cold storage device is:

Open the control valve between each cold storage 1 in turn, close the control valve between each cold storage 1 and the cold energy output end, start with the cold storage 1 of the last stage, and use air as the cold energy output medium. The air at normal temperature is passed into the cold storage device 1 of the last stage, and the normal temperature gas is output after passing through the cold storage device 1 of each stage in turn, so that the output gas is in a temperature range with small fluctuations, so that the quality of the output cold energy Higher, wider scope of application.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the cooling channel 3 and the cold storage channel 2 used in the energy releasing process are the same channel, which helps to simplify the structure and reduce the cost. However, the cold releasing channel 3 may also be not the same channel as the cold storing channel 2, but designed separately. In the following, the cooling release process of this embodiment will be explained in conjunction with the embodiment in which the cooling release channel 3 and the cold storage channel 2 are the same channel, and in conjunction with FIG. 2 .

On the other hand, in the above-mentioned preferred stratified cold storage device, only one of the primary cold storage devices 1 is connected to the output end of cold energy, so that this level of cold storage device 1 is always in the position of receiving cold energy. state, so it stores the most cold energy. If the above-mentioned exhaust gas precooling process is not carried out, the cold energy stored in the cold storage device will decrease with the increase of the number of stages, which results in different cold storage temperatures in different cold storage devices 1. When the cold energy needs to be released, It will make the quality of the output cold energy uneven, affecting the scope of application of the cold energy released by the cold storage device 1 . For example, when some materials are preserved by utilizing the cold energy output by the cold storage device 1 , the uneven output of cold energy may lead to deterioration of the material or changes in physical state, etc., which will not be illustrated here one by one.

Example 2

The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, only one of several cold storage devices 1 is used to connect to the output end of the cold energy, and during the cold storage process, the cold storage devices at all levels are sequentially stored 1, the energy release process is the same as in Example 1.

Compared with Example 1, this cold storage method still contains more cold energy in the escaped exhaust gas, but the exhaust gas discharged from the previous stage cold storage device 1 can still be used for the subsequent stage cold storage device 1. Pre-cooling, so compared with the cold storage device in the prior art, the cold storage rate can still be improved to a certain extent, and the waste of cold energy can be reduced.

Example 3

The cryogenic liquefied air energy storage system using the layered cold storage device provided by this embodiment will be described in detail below in conjunction with FIG. 3 . The liquefied air cold storage system includes: an energy input device 4 for inputting energy into the energy storage system;

The air compression device 5 is driven by the energy input device 4 to compress gaseous air into liquid air;

Gasification device 6, gasifying the liquid air;

And, the layered cold storage device described in Embodiment 1 or 2 is used to store the cold energy generated during the gasification process of liquid air in the gasification device 6 .

The above-mentioned embodiment is the core technical solution of this embodiment. The stratified cold storage device described in Embodiment 1 or 2 is used in combination with the liquid air energy storage device. The actual working process is that the gaseous air first passes through the air compression device in the Compressed into liquid air under certain environmental conditions, collecting and storing heat energy in the process. A large amount of cold energy is released during the gasification of liquid air, and the collected cold energy is stored in the layered cold storage device described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2.

Specifically, the gasification device 6 is an evaporator, which is connected to the cold storage device 1 through the cold delivery channel 2 . The air compression device 5 comprises: a first-stage air compressor, an air cleaner, and a second-stage air compressor, the first-stage air compressor is a low-pressure compressor, and the second-stage is a high-pressure compressor, The air purification device purifies the low-pressure compressed air and feeds it into the second-stage air compressor for further compression into liquid air.

Example 4

This embodiment provides a cryogenic liquefied air energy storage system using a layered cold storage device, using the liquefied air cold storage system described in Embodiment 3, specifically, it also includes an expansion unit 7, and the expansion unit 7 is At least one stage, and the expansion unit 7 is connected to the input shaft of the generator set, so as to drive the generator set to run and generate electricity.

Referring to Figure 4, gaseous air releases a large amount of heat energy after liquefaction, and the heat energy is stored in the heat energy storage device, that is, the mechanical energy input by the energy input device 4 is converted into liquid air and heat energy for storage. When the energy is stored in the air, the liquid air is vaporized, and the liquid air gasified by the gasification device 6 enters the expansion unit 7. Due to the change in volume, the gasified liquid air can drive the expansion unit 7 to do work, thereby making The expansion unit 7 can drive the generator unit connected to it to generate electricity, and convert the energy stored in the liquid air into electrical energy. At the same time, the liquid air will release a large amount of cold energy during the gasification process, and the layered cold storage device described in Embodiment 1 or 2 is used for this part of the cold energy to store the cold energy efficiently.

Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clear description, rather than limiting the implementation. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or changes derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of cryogenic liquefying air energy storage systems set using layering accumulator, which is characterized in that it is set including layering accumulator, Further include:

Energy input devices (4), for being input energy in energy-storage system；

Air compression plant (5) is driven by the energy input devices (4) gaseous air being compressed into liquid air；

Gasification installation (6), the liquid air is gasified；

And the layering accumulator is set, and the cold energy generated in liquid air gasification in the gasification installation (6) is deposited Storage；

The air compression plant (5) includes: first order air compressor, air cleaner and second level air compressor, The first order air compressor is low pressure compressor, and the second level is high pressure compressor, and the air cleaning unit will be through The air cleaning of low pressure compression is crossed, and is input in the second level air compressor further boil down to liquid air；

The layering accumulator is set, comprising:

At least two cool storage containers (1) are connected by defeated cold passage (2) between the adjacent cool storage container (1), at least one described storage Cooler (1) is connected with the output end of cold energy；During storing up cold, overflowed during the storage of cool storage container (1) described in previous stage is cold Cold energy enters in cool storage container (1) described in rear stage by the defeated cold passage (2), is the pre-cooling of cool storage container (1) described in rear stage；

Several adjacent described cool storage containers (1) be one group, and in cool storage container described in every group (1) preceding level-one connection described in The output end of cold energy；

The output end of the cold energy is connected positioned at the cool storage container (1) of the series connection first order；

It further include releasing cold passage (3), the cold passage (3) of releasing connects the cool storage container (1) one by one；

It is described to release cold passage (3) and the defeated cold passage (2) as same channel.

2. the cryogenic liquefying air energy storage systems according to claim 1 set using layering accumulator, it is characterised in that: institute It states gasification installation (6) and is connected by the defeated cold passage (2) with the cool storage container (1).

3. the cryogenic liquefying air energy storage systems according to claim 2 set using layering accumulator, it is characterised in that: institute Stating gasification installation (6) is evaporator.

4. the cryogenic liquefying air energy storage systems according to claim 1 to 3 set using layering accumulator, feature It is: further includes expansion unit (7), the expansion unit (7) is at least one level, and the expansion unit (7) and generating set Input shaft be connected, to drive generating set operating power generation.