CN105903973A - Preparation method for plasma of spherical vanadium powder - Google Patents
Preparation method for plasma of spherical vanadium powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN105903973A CN105903973A CN201610268145.9A CN201610268145A CN105903973A CN 105903973 A CN105903973 A CN 105903973A CN 201610268145 A CN201610268145 A CN 201610268145A CN 105903973 A CN105903973 A CN 105903973A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/065—Spherical particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/20—Obtaining niobium, tantalum or vanadium
- C22B34/22—Obtaining vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/02—Refining by liquating, filtering, centrifuging, distilling, or supersonic wave action including acoustic waves
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for plasma of spherical vanadium powder. The preparation method comprises the steps that sponge vanadium bars are selected as raw materials; a vacuum induction melting method is adopted, the vanadium bars are placed into a quartz tube, and local heating and melting are conducted continuously on the vanadium bars through an induction coil from left to right; the melted vanadium bars are placed into a vacuum annealing environment to be subjected to annealing treatment; then the vanadium bars are crushed, and vanadium powder in an irregular shape is formed; a plasma torch high in energy density and heating intensity is established; argon serves as carrier gas, helium is introduced into the plasma torch as protective gas, and the vanadium powder raw materials absorb heat and melt rapidly; and the melted vanadium powder is guided into a powder balling room and cooled and cured rapidly under an extremely high temperature gradient, and spherical vanadium powder particles are formed and collected by a powder collecting device. The spherical vanadium powder which is prepared through the preparation method and is high in sphericity, uniform in structure, good in plasticity and good in strength can be used for powder metallurgy, 3D printing technique and the like, and prepared products are better in quality and performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the plasma preparation method of a kind of spherical vanadium powder, belong to metal dust preparing technical field.
Background technology
Spherical vanadium powder is mainly used in special steel material and adds, superhard material adds, hard alloy adds, the product attributes such as the ability of the increasing intensity of alloy, toughness, resistance to corrosion, abrasive resistance and the load that withstands shocks, hardness is high, add in a metal and can play increase hardness, toughness, resistance to corrosion, abrasive resistance and the ability etc. of the load that withstands shocks.Vanadium metal is also indispensable material in atomic energy, rocket, guided missile, aviation, space travel and metallurgical industry simultaneously, and along with the development of 3D printing technique, spherical vanadium powder is also widely used in the fields such as Aero-Space.
Due to technical conditions and the restriction of high cost, the company of the spherical vanadium powder of domestic production is little, is widely used due to its good mobility at the spherical vanadium powder of field of powder metallurgy.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiency of the impure of spherical powder, organizational structure and performance, it is provided that the plasma preparation method of a kind of spherical vanadium powder.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, the solution of the present invention is:
The plasma preparation method of a kind of spherical vanadium powder, comprises the following steps:
The first step, choosing sponge vanadium rod is raw material；
Second step, uses vacuum induction melting method, puts in quartz ampoule by vanadium rod, adds heat fusing by induction coil the most constantly local, constantly gets rid of gas and impurity, it is thus achieved that highly purified vanadium rod, purity is more than 99%；
3rd step, puts into the vanadium rod of melting in the vacuum annealing environment of uniform temperature and makes annealing treatment so that it is homogenization of composition, improves plasticity, crystal grain thinning, uniform formation and composition, eliminates the residualinternal stress in vanadium rod；
4th step, then vanadium rod is crushed, form erose vanadium powder；
5th step, sets up the plasma torch that energy density is high and heating intensity is big；
6th step, using argon as carrier gas, being passed through helium is that protective gas enters plasma torch, maintains the properly functioning of plasma torch, is sent into by raw material by powder feeding probe in the core high-temperature region of plasma torch, and vanadium powder raw material is the most endothermic melting；
7th step, imports powder body nodularization room by the vanadium powder of fusing, cools and solidifies rapidly under high thermograde, forms spherical vanadium powder granule, and collects through powder collection device.
Described second step, the electric current that described induction coil is passed through is 20-40A.
Described second step, described local is heated to be: sensing order from left to right, circulates 3-6 time.
Described second step, in melting environment, vacuum is 1.0 × 10-7～1.0 × 10-8Pa, constantly gets rid of gas and impurity.
Described 3rd step, in vacuum annealing environment, vacuum is 1.0 × 10-8～5.0 × 10-8
Pa, heating-up temperature is 1000-1500 DEG C, and the time is 10-24h.
Described 4th step, erose vanadium powder particle diameter is 100-300 micron.
Described 5th step, the radio-frequency power of plasma torch is 10-40KW.
Described 6th step, raw material rate of feed is 1-10 kg/h, and taking powder gases argon flow is 1-10L/min, and middle gas argon flow amount is 10-80L/min, and limit gas argon flow amount is 20-100 L/min, limit gas helium gas flow 10-20 L/min.
Described 7th step, thermograde is 300-500 DEG C, and the spherical vanadium powder granule of formation is 50-150 micron, and sphericity is more than 90%.
The present invention uses vacuum induction melting method, by induction coil constantly local heating sponge vanadium rod, keeps certain air pressure simultaneously, constantly gets rid of the air in vanadium rod and impurity, obtain highly purified vanadium rod；Processed by vacuum annealing, improve plasticity, crystal grain thinning, uniform formation and composition, eliminate the residualinternal stress in vanadium rod；In conjunction with radio frequency plasma powder body spheronization techniques, preparing that sphericity height, even tissue, plasticity is good, intensity is good spherical vanadium powder, can be used for powder metallurgy, 3D printing technique etc., the product quality and performances prepared are more preferable.
Owing to technique scheme is used, the present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that
One, using vacuum induction melting can purify sponge vanadium rod, technical process is simple, anti-oxidation, it is possible to obtain highly purified vanadium rod；
Two, annealing is in vacuum environment so that it is homogenization of composition, improves plasticity, crystal grain thinning, uniform formation and composition, eliminates the residualinternal stress in vanadium rod；
Three, standby go out sphericity height, even tissue, plasticity is good, intensity is good spherical vanadium powder, can be used for powder metallurgy, 3D printing technique etc., the product quality and performances prepared are more preferable.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
The present embodiment provides the plasma preparation method of a kind of spherical vanadium powder, comprises the steps:
(1) choosing sponge vanadium rod is raw material；
(2) using vacuum induction melting method, put in quartz ampoule by vanadium rod, by induction coil the most constantly local heating, the electric current being passed through is 20A, and vacuum is 1.3 × 10-7Pa, circulates 6 times, constantly gets rid of gas and impurity, it is thus achieved that the vanadium rod of purity high (according to raw-material composition and needs, Reinheitszahl is that content of vanadium is at more than 99wt%)；
(3) being put into by the vanadium rod of melting in the vacuum annealing environment of uniform temperature, vacuum is 1.0 × 10-8Pa, heating-up temperature is 1000 DEG C, and the time is 10h so that it is homogenization of composition, improves plasticity, crystal grain thinning, uniform formation and composition, eliminates the residualinternal stress in vanadium rod；
(4) crushing vanadium rod again, form erose vanadium powder, particle diameter is 200-300 micron；
(5) setting up the plasma torch that energy density is high and heating intensity is big, radio-frequency power is 20KW；
(6) using argon as carrier gas; being passed through helium is that protective gas enters plasma torch; maintain the properly functioning of plasma torch; being sent into by raw material by powder feeding probe in the core high-temperature region of plasma torch, vanadium powder raw material is the most endothermic melting, described in take the flow 3L/min of powder gases argon; rate of feed is 1 kg/h; middle gas argon flow amount is 10L/min, and limit gas argon flow amount is 30L/min, limit gas helium gas flow 10 L/min；
(7) melted vanadium powder being imported powder body nodularization room, cool and solidify rapidly under high thermograde, form spherical vanadium powder granule and collect through powder collection device, spherical vanadium powder particle diameter is 100-150 micron, and sphericity is 90%.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment provides the plasma preparation method of a kind of spherical vanadium powder, comprises the steps:
(1) choosing sponge vanadium rod is raw material；
(2) using vacuum induction melting method, put in quartz ampoule by vanadium rod, by induction coil the most constantly local heating, the electric current being passed through is 30A, and vacuum is 1.8 × 10-7Pa, circulates 5 times, constantly gets rid of gas and impurity, it is thus achieved that the vanadium rod that purity is high；
(3) being put into by the vanadium rod of melting in the vacuum annealing environment of uniform temperature, vacuum is 2.0 × 10-8Pa, heating-up temperature is 1100 DEG C, and the time is 15h so that it is homogenization of composition, improves plasticity, crystal grain thinning, uniform formation and composition, eliminates the residualinternal stress in vanadium rod；
(4) crushing vanadium rod again, form erose vanadium powder, particle diameter is 100-200 micron；
(5) setting up the plasma torch that energy density is high and heating intensity is big, radio-frequency power is 30KW；
(6) using argon as carrier gas; being passed through helium is that protective gas enters plasma torch; maintain the properly functioning of plasma torch; being sent into by raw material by powder feeding probe in the core high-temperature region of plasma torch, vanadium powder raw material is the most endothermic melting, described in take the flow 3.5L/min of powder gases argon; rate of feed is 2 kg/h; middle gas argon flow amount is 13L/min, and limit gas argon flow amount is 50 L/min, limit gas helium gas flow 13 L/min；
(7) vanadium powder of fusing being imported powder body nodularization room, cool and solidify rapidly under high thermograde, form spherical vanadium powder granule and collect through powder collection device, spherical vanadium powder particle diameter is 80-150 micron, and sphericity is 92%.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment provides the plasma preparation method of a kind of spherical vanadium powder, comprises the steps:
(1) choosing sponge vanadium rod is raw material；
(2) using vacuum induction melting method, put in quartz ampoule by vanadium rod, by induction coil the most constantly local heating, the electric current being passed through is 35A, and vacuum is 1.0 × 10-8Pa, circulates 5 times, constantly gets rid of gas and impurity, it is thus achieved that the vanadium rod that purity is high；
(3) being put into by the vanadium rod of melting in the vacuum annealing environment of uniform temperature, vacuum is 3.0 × 10-8Pa, heating-up temperature is 1200 DEG C, and the time is 20h so that it is homogenization of composition, improves plasticity, crystal grain thinning, uniform formation and composition, eliminates the residualinternal stress in vanadium rod；
(4) crushing vanadium rod again, form erose vanadium powder, particle diameter is 100-150 micron；
(5) setting up the plasma torch that energy density is high and heating intensity is big, radio-frequency power is 28KW；
(6) using argon as carrier gas; being passed through helium is that protective gas enters plasma torch; maintain the properly functioning of plasma torch; being sent into by raw material by powder feeding probe in the core high-temperature region of plasma torch, vanadium powder raw material is the most endothermic melting, described in take the flow 5L/min of powder gases argon; rate of feed is 3 kg/h; middle gas argon flow amount is 15L/min, and limit gas argon flow amount is 60 L/min, limit gas helium gas flow 15 L/min；
The vanadium powder of fusing being imported powder body nodularization room, cools and solidifies rapidly under high thermograde, form spherical vanadium powder granule and collect through powder collection device, spherical vanadium powder particle diameter is 50-80 micron, and sphericity is 95%.
Claims (9)
1. the plasma preparation method of a spherical vanadium powder, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
The first step, choosing sponge vanadium rod is raw material；
Second step, uses vacuum induction melting method, puts in quartz ampoule by vanadium rod, adds heat fusing by induction coil the most constantly local, constantly gets rid of gas and impurity, it is thus achieved that highly purified vanadium rod；
3rd step, puts into the vanadium rod of melting in vacuum annealing environment and makes annealing treatment so that it is homogenization of composition, improves plasticity, crystal grain thinning, uniform formation and composition, eliminates the residualinternal stress in vanadium rod；
4th step, then vanadium rod is crushed, form erose vanadium powder；
5th step, sets up the plasma torch that energy density is high and heating intensity is big；
6th step, using argon as carrier gas, being passed through helium is that protective gas enters plasma torch, maintains the properly functioning of plasma torch, is sent into by raw material by powder feeding probe in the core high-temperature region of plasma torch, and vanadium powder raw material is the most endothermic melting；
7th step, imports powder body nodularization room by the vanadium powder of fusing, cools and solidifies rapidly under high thermograde, forms spherical vanadium powder granule, and collects through powder collection device.
The plasma preparation method of a kind of spherical vanadium powder the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: second step, the electric current that described induction coil is passed through is 20-40A.
The plasma preparation method of a kind of spherical vanadium powder the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: second step, described local is heated to be: sensing order from left to right, circulates 3-6 time.
The plasma preparation method of a kind of spherical vanadium powder the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: second step, in melting environment, vacuum is 1.0 × 10-7～1.0 × 10-8Pa, constantly gets rid of gas and impurity.
The plasma preparation method of a kind of spherical vanadium powder the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the 3rd step, in vacuum annealing environment, vacuum is 1.0 × 10-8～5.0 × 10-8
Pa, heating-up temperature is 1000-1500 DEG C, and the time is 10-24h.
The plasma preparation method of a kind of spherical vanadium powder the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the 4th step, erose vanadium powder particle diameter is 100-300 micron.
The plasma preparation method of a kind of spherical vanadium powder the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the 5th step, the radio-frequency power of plasma torch is 10-40KW.
The plasma preparation method of a kind of spherical vanadium powder the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the 6th step, raw material rate of feed is 1-10
Kg/h, taking powder gases argon flow is 1-10L/min, and middle gas argon flow amount is 10-80L/min, and limit gas argon flow amount is 20-100 L/min, limit gas helium gas flow 10-20 L/min.
The plasma preparation method of a kind of spherical vanadium powder the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the 7th step, thermograde is 300-500 DEG C, and the spherical vanadium powder granule of formation is 50-150 micron, and sphericity is more than 90%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610268145.9A CN105903973A (en) | 2016-04-27 | 2016-04-27 | Preparation method for plasma of spherical vanadium powder |
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| CN201610268145.9A CN105903973A (en) | 2016-04-27 | 2016-04-27 | Preparation method for plasma of spherical vanadium powder |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111644631A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-11 | 重庆材料研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of spherical vanadium powder |
| CN111872408A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-03 | 北京炬钛环保科技有限公司 | Powder purification device |
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| CN103608141A (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2014-02-26 | 材料和电化学研究公司 | Low cost processing to produce spherical titanium and titanium alloy powder |
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2016
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| JP2010018825A (en) * | 2008-07-08 | 2010-01-28 | Japan Atomic Energy Agency | Method and apparatus for producing metal particles and metal particles produced thereby |
| WO2011054113A1 (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2011-05-12 | Ap&C Advanced Powders & Coatings Inc. | Methods and apparatuses for preparing spheroidal powders |
| CN103608141A (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2014-02-26 | 材料和电化学研究公司 | Low cost processing to produce spherical titanium and titanium alloy powder |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111644631A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-11 | 重庆材料研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of spherical vanadium powder |
| CN111872408A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-03 | 北京炬钛环保科技有限公司 | Powder purification device |
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