CN105898352A - m3u8-based streaming media file direct broadcast method and system - Google Patents
m3u8-based streaming media file direct broadcast method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105898352A CN105898352A CN201510780964.7A CN201510780964A CN105898352A CN 105898352 A CN105898352 A CN 105898352A CN 201510780964 A CN201510780964 A CN 201510780964A CN 105898352 A CN105898352 A CN 105898352A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
- H04N21/23106—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion involving caching operations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
- H04N21/2385—Channel allocation; Bandwidth allocation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/239—Interfacing the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. prioritizing client content requests
- H04N21/2393—Interfacing the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. prioritizing client content requests involving handling client requests
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
- H04N21/26208—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints
- H04N21/26216—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints involving the channel capacity, e.g. network bandwidth
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
- Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an m3u8-based streaming media file direct broadcast method and system. An index file m3u8 returned via a user direct broadcast request is changed, a dynamic back-to-source path which is distributed via dispatching operation is added in the index file m3u8, and a fragmented media file ts is sent back to a source according to the back-to-source path. Compared with a mode of the prior art which only allows the file to be sent back to the source via a fixed back-to-source path configured in a server, the m3u8-based streaming media file direct broadcast method and system are advantageous in that an optimal ts downloading path is provided for client end requests according to real time network conditions such as conditions of loads, bandwidth and the like; client end downloading delay can be reduced, playing fluency is improved, the dynamic back-to-source path is distributed flexibly via a dispatching policy, the server is enabled to send the file back to the source according to the dynamic back-to-source, system access pressure is balanced, system overload is prevented, and system resources are reasonably used.
Description
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to the Internet media play-back technology field, particularly relate to a kind of based on m3u8
Files in stream media live broadcasting method and system.
Background technology
HLS (Http live streaming) agreement be Apple realize based on HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
The Streaming transfer protocol of Http, continuous media data huge for capacity are carried out segmentation by HLS protocol, point
It is segmented into large number of small documents to transmit, has catered to the file transporting of web page server, and used
One lightweight index file constantly updated controls the download of little media file and broadcasting after segmentation, can
To realize the live of Streaming Media and program request.HLS protocol supports code check on the premise of paying the utmost attention to fluency
Automatic switchover, be widely used by each big video website at present.
By HLS protocol, video data is divided into video segment ts file and media data rope after treatment
Draw m3u8 file, and be present on Cloud Server.M3u8 file is actually the group of a kind of file group
Knit form, video segment ts file is organized together for multimedia player with the form of playlist
Download and play.M3u8 file generally includes multiple uniform resource position mark URL of video segment.Many
After media player obtains m3u8 file, and then download corresponding video segment also according to URL therein
Play out.The process of client terminal playing HLS content, is substantially to download index file and burst respectively
The process of file.
Existing video living transmission system generally comprises source server, multiple live preposition node and multiple
Fringe node.Time live, client player initiates the live request of HLS, after server accepts request,
Index file m3u8 is returned to client, and client carries out ts's according to the m3u8 file received
Download and play, existing m3u8 file contains only the URL of ts file, without other parameters, visitor
Family end player asks m3u8 to extract ts the most wherefrom wherefrom, as asked m3u8 at fringe node, and can only
Ts is extracted, if fringe node does not has, it usually needs go to carry out ts on other server and return from fringe node
Source.In the prior art, server carries out the method for Hui Yuan and is typically to configure according to server internal
Fixing returns source address, removes to carry out on other server Hui Yuan.
But, the fixing Hui Yuan that can only configure according to server internal due to server in prior art
Address carries out Hui Yuan, it is impossible to return source address for server-assignment neatly, and it can not be according to Real-time and Dynamic
Network load status provide optimal source address of returning to go to extract ts for client request.And, when having perhaps
Multiserver go to fix simultaneously when going back to source address source last time, the access that the server of Hui Yuan is provided can be caused
Pressure is unbalanced, produces system overload, the irrational situation of system resource utilization, from the point of view of user, more
Easily cause download time delay, affect user live broadcast and experience；On the other hand, request is imitated without the caching of m3u8
Really, so when network condition occurs in the server asked, it may appear that download time delay, play smooth, shadow
Ring Consumer's Experience.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of stream matchmaker based on m3u8
Body file live broadcasting method and system.
On the one hand the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method that live streaming media based on m3u8 optimizes, bag
Include:
Fringe node at content distributing network receives the live request that user sends；
When checking that described live request needs go back to source, according to each node in Current Content distribution network
Network condition, m3u8 file corresponding to described live request at the source server of files in stream media
Adding back source path, it is straight that described time source path includes in the IP address of source server and content distributing network
Broadcast the IP address of preposition node；
M3u8 file after adding back source path returns to user through live preposition node and fringe node.
On the other hand the embodiment of the present invention provides the system that files in stream media based on m3u8 is live, including:
Receive device, configure to receive the live request that user sends；
Dispatching device, configures with the network condition according to each node in Current Content distribution network, at stream
At the source server of media file, the m3u8 file that described live request is corresponding is added back source path；
Dispensing device, configures to return the m3u8 file after adding back source path to user.
The stream media live broadcasting method based on m3u8 of embodiment of the present invention offer and system, please by amendment
Seek the m3u8 file of return, add the dynamic source path that returns provided by scheduling, foundation Hui Yuan wherein
Path carries out the Hui Yuan of ts file, with prior art in can only according to server internal configure fixing
Return source address to carry out the mode of Hui Yuan and compare, it is achieved according to feelings such as real-time network conditions such as load, bandwidth
Condition, provides optimum ts download path for client request, reduces client downloads and postpones, promotes and play
Fluency；Source address is dynamically returned so that server can additionally, distributed neatly by scheduling strategy
Carry out Hui Yuan according to dynamically returning source address neatly, equalized the access pressure of system, it is to avoid system mistake
Carry, reasonably utilize system resource.On the other hand, the caching of index file m3u8 is optimized,
I.e. by adjusting cache-time at fringe node according to the integrity of m3u8, it is achieved in cache resources
Appropriate application, and reduce unnecessary source of returning consumption and waiting time, improve treatment effeciency, reduce
Download and postpone, thus add Consumer's Experience.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, institute in embodiment being described below
The accompanying drawing used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is the present invention
Some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, in the premise not paying creative work
Under, it is also possible to other accompanying drawing is obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is present invention files in stream media based on m3u8 live broadcasting method embodiment flow chart；
Fig. 2 is present invention files in stream media based on m3u8 live broadcast system example structure schematic diagram；
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with this
Accompanying drawing in bright embodiment, is clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention,
Obviously, described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.Based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise
The every other embodiment obtained, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
As it is shown in figure 1, the live side of a kind of based on m3u8 files in stream media that the embodiment of the present invention provides
Method, the method comprises the steps:
S101: the fringe node at content distributing network receives the live request that user sends；
S102: check that live request is the need of Hui Yuan；
Existing live broadcast system generally there are source server, multiple live preposition nodes and multiple edge joint
Point, user initiates live request by fringe node, and fringe node responds live request, and is made whether
Need the judgement of Hui Yuan.
S103: if need not Hui Yuan, user asks the resource pointed to have in fringe node and caches literary composition accordingly
Part, the file of caching is directly returned to user by fringe node；
S104: when checking that described live request needs go back to source, according to Current Content distribution network in each
The network condition of node, m3u8 corresponding to described live request at the source server of files in stream media
File adds back source path, and described time source path includes the IP address of source server and live preposition node
IP address；
Returning source path is that scheduled reception returns source request, and according to current network condition, that dynamically distributes works as
Front time optimal time source path, returns source path and is added on source, which stores multiple live preposition IP
The IP address in address and source.So, corresponding money is not found when client in the edge nodes of request
During source, will be according to returning the resource that source path quickly obtains asking.
S105: the m3u8 file after adding back source path returns to through live preposition node and fringe node
User.
Preferably, the m3u8 file after source path will be added back through live preposition described in step S105
Node and fringe node return to user and include, cache m3u8 at live preposition node and fringe node
File and ts file corresponding with m3u8 file.
Live preposition node and fringe node need to cache the m3u8 file of the return of current request, at edge
Node needs to replace back source path, is i.e. based entirely on time source path of the m3u8 file that current request returns
Removing Hui Yuan, the most each step is all got off ts file cache.Such as, the index file that last request returns
The source path that returns of m3u8 is path1, and the source path that returns of the index file m3u8 of current request is path2,
During the source of returning, live preposition node and edge joint can be replaced with the source path path2 that returns of current request successively
The path1 of the last request of point, the most each step is all got off ts file cache.
Further, described at described fringe node, m3u8 file and corresponding with m3u8 file is cached
The step of ts file also includes, at the integrity of flange node judges m3u8 file, based on m3u8 file
Integrity, determine the cache-time of ts file, wherein:
-when m3u8 file is imperfect, determine the first cache-time of ts file；
-when m3u8 file is complete, determine the second cache-time of ts file；
-described second cache-time is more than described first cache-time.
Further, when fringe node receives m3u8 file, it is judged that the integrity bag of m3u8 file
Include:
When fringe node receives m3u8 file, resolve the number of ts file in described m3u8 file
Amount, compares the quantity of the ts file parsed with predetermined threshold, when the quantity of ts file is less than pre-
When determining threshold value, then judge that described m3u8 file is imperfect；When the quantity of ts file is equal to predetermined threshold,
Then judge that described m3u8 file is complete.
Preferably, predetermined threshold is the ts sheet number msliz asking band in head response to come to ask, and generally configures
For msliz=3, the second cache-time is 100 seconds, and the first cache-time is 3 seconds.
Integrity to be judged also carries out the caching of corresponding length, is because asking the m3u8 file can
It can be current point in time, it is also possible to time point before；Can not when request m3u8 is current point in time
Caching long time, the most only caching 3 seconds, then cached longer before asking m3u8 to be during time point
Time, such as 100 seconds.So can either ensure to carry out suitable caching for request m3u8, also can
Enough avoid the request affecting follow-up user because of too much caching (such as, when request m3u8 is to work as
Front time point and when caching 100 seconds, follow-up user's request will be affected).The wherein file of m3u8
Entitled desc.m3u8, simultaneously one parameter absolute time shift abtimeshift of band, by filename and absolute time
Move and just can uniquely identify m3u8.M3u8 file is entered as key by caching using desc.m3u8+timeshift
Row cache.
Such as current time is 6:10, and client asks current point in time, the most a piece of in the m3u8 of acquisition
Ts, the most only caching 3 seconds, if the time point of request 6:05, return 3 ts, and caching passes through
This m3u8 is cached by desc.m3u8+timeStamp as key, caches 100 seconds, uses if next
6:05 timing node is asked at family again, returns three ts cached, decreases unnecessary wait
Time.
The embodiment of the present invention passes through said method, it is achieved that carry out back source operation according to real-time network condition,
Compared with the fixing mode returning source address that can only configure according to server internal in prior art, subtract
Lack client downloads delay, improved the fluency of broadcasting, equalized system simultaneously and accessed pressure, kept away
Exempt from system overload, reasonably utilize system resource.Additionally, by the caching to index file m3u8
And the adjustment of cache-time is carried out according to its integrity, it is achieved that the Appropriate application of cache resources, and
Reduce unnecessary source of going back to consume and the waiting time, improve treatment effeciency, decrease download and postpone, from
And add Consumer's Experience.
The method that above-mentioned and shown in Fig. 1 embodiment is relevant, with reference to Fig. 2, can implement according to the present invention
The system of example is practiced.
Files in stream media live broadcast system based on m3u8, including:
Receive device, configure to receive the live request that user sends；
Dispatching device, configures with the network condition according to each node in Current Content distribution network, at stream
At the source server of media file, the m3u8 file that described live request is corresponding is added back source path；
Dispensing device, configures to return the m3u8 file after adding back source path to user.
Further, described in system as shown in Figure 2, dispensing device includes:
Live preposition nodal cache unit, configure with at live preposition node cache m3u8 file and with
M3u8 file corresponding ts file, and/or
Fringe node buffer unit, configure with at fringe node cache m3u8 file and with m3u8 file
Corresponding ts file.
Further, as in figure 2 it is shown, described fringe node buffer unit includes:
Judge module, configuration is with when fringe node receives m3u8 file, it is judged that m3u8 file complete
Whole property；
Cache-time determines module, configures with integrity based on m3u8 file, determines the slow of ts file
Deposit the time, wherein, when m3u8 file is imperfect, determine the first cache-time of ts file；Work as m3u8
When file is complete, determine the second cache-time of ts file；Described second cache-time is more than described first
Cache-time.
Wherein said judge module includes:
Resolution component, configures to resolve the quantity of the ts file in m3u8 file；
Comparing component, configuration compares with predetermined threshold with the quantity by the ts parsed file, works as ts
When the quantity of file is less than predetermined threshold, then judge that described m3u8 file is imperfect；Number when ts file
When amount is equal to predetermined threshold, then judge that described m3u8 file is complete.
Preferably, the first cache-time is 3 seconds, and the second cache-time is 100 seconds.
Device embodiment described above is only schematically, wherein said illustrates as separating component
Unit can be or may not be physically separate, the parts shown as unit can be or
Person may not be physical location, i.e. may be located at a place, or can also be distributed to multiple network
On unit.Some or all of module therein can be selected according to the actual needs to realize the present embodiment
The purpose of scheme.Those of ordinary skill in the art are not in the case of paying performing creative labour, the most permissible
Understand and implement.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art is it can be understood that arrive each reality
The mode of executing can add the mode of required general hardware platform by software and realize, naturally it is also possible to by firmly
Part.Based on such understanding, the portion that prior art is contributed by technique scheme the most in other words
Dividing and can embody with the form of software product, this computer software product can be stored in computer can
Read in storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, CD etc., including some instructions with so that one
Computer equipment (can be personal computer, server, or the network equipment etc.) performs each to be implemented
The method described in some part of example or embodiment.
Last it is noted that above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme, rather than to it
Limit；Although the present invention being described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, the ordinary skill of this area
Personnel it is understood that the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments still can be modified by it, or
Person carries out equivalent to wherein portion of techniques feature；And these amendments or replacement, do not make corresponding skill
The essence of art scheme departs from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a files in stream media live broadcasting method based on m3u8, it is characterised in that including:
Fringe node at content distributing network receives the live request that user sends；
When checking that described live request needs go back to source, according to each node in Current Content distribution network
Network condition, m3u8 file corresponding to described live request at the source server of files in stream media
Adding back source path, it is straight that described time source path includes in the IP address of source server and content distributing network
Broadcast the IP address of preposition node；
M3u8 file after adding back source path returns to user through live preposition node and fringe node.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described will add back source path after
M3u8 file returns to user through live preposition node and fringe node, including:
When live preposition node receives m3u8 file, at described live preposition node, cache m3u8
File and ts file corresponding with m3u8 file；And/or
When fringe node receives m3u8 file, at described fringe node cache m3u8 file and with
M3u8 file corresponding ts file.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described receive at fringe node
During m3u8 file, at described fringe node, cache m3u8 file and ts corresponding with m3u8 file literary composition
Part includes:
When fringe node receives m3u8 file, it is judged that the integrity of m3u8 file,
Integrity based on m3u8 file, determines the cache-time of ts file, wherein,
-when m3u8 file is imperfect, determine the first cache-time of ts file；
-when m3u8 file is complete, determine the second cache-time of ts file；
-described second cache-time is more than described first cache-time.
Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described receive at fringe node
During m3u8 file, it is judged that the integrity of m3u8 file includes:
When fringe node receives m3u8 file, resolve the number of ts file in described m3u8 file
Amount, compares the quantity of the ts file parsed with predetermined threshold,
When the quantity of ts file is less than predetermined threshold, then judge that described m3u8 file is imperfect；
When the quantity of ts file is equal to predetermined threshold, then judge that described m3u8 file is complete.
5. according to the method described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that the first cache-time is 3 seconds,
Second cache-time is 100 seconds.
6. a files in stream media live broadcast system based on m3u8, it is characterised in that including:
Receive device, configure to receive the live request that user sends；
Dispatching device, configures with the network condition according to each node in Current Content distribution network, at stream
At the source server of media file, the m3u8 file that described live request is corresponding is added back source path；
Dispensing device, configures to return the m3u8 file after adding back source path to user.
System the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described dispensing device includes:
Live preposition nodal cache unit, configure with at live preposition node cache m3u8 file and with
M3u8 file corresponding ts file, and/or
Fringe node buffer unit, configure with at fringe node cache m3u8 file and with m3u8 file
Corresponding ts file.
System the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described fringe node buffer unit bag
Include:
Judge module, configuration is with when fringe node receives m3u8 file, it is judged that m3u8 file complete
Whole property；
Cache-time determines module, configures with integrity based on m3u8 file, determines the slow of ts file
Deposit the time, wherein, when m3u8 file is imperfect, determine the first cache-time of ts file；Work as m3u8
When file is complete, determine the second cache-time of ts file；Described second cache-time is more than described first
Cache-time.
System the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described judge module includes:
Resolution component, configures to resolve the quantity of the ts file in m3u8 file；
Comparing component, configuration compares with predetermined threshold with the quantity by the ts parsed file, works as ts
When the quantity of file is less than predetermined threshold, then judge that described m3u8 file is imperfect；Number when ts file
When amount is equal to predetermined threshold, then judge that described m3u8 file is complete.
System the most according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that the first cache-time is 3
Second, the second cache-time is 100 seconds.
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