CN105896879B - Permanent torque Permanent magnet eddy-current brake device - Google Patents

Abstract

Permanent torque Permanent magnet eddy-current brake device, belongs to technical field of motors.Solve the problems, such as that existing Permanent magnet eddy-current brake device can not ensure identical braking moment in high speed and low speed.The permanent torque eddy-current brake is Multilayer disc type structure, is made of primary and secondary, can both move primary operation, can also move secondary operation；Primary includes permanent magnet and magnetic conduction yoke plate, and secondary is vortex reaction plate；According to permanent torque demand, each layer reaction plate can choose different materials, and each layer reaction plate thickness can take different value, each layer gas length between primary and secondary that can take different value；The present invention has many advantages, such as that simple in structure, braking moment is big, braking moment is constant.It is particularly applicable on motor.

Description

Constant torque permanent magnet eddy current brake

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of motors.

Background technique

Permanent magnet eddy current braking is a new type of braking method. When the conductor and the permanent magnet array move relative to each other, the alternating magnetic field will induce eddy current in the conductor, and the eddy current magnetic field interacts with the permanent magnetic field to generate braking torque. Compared with mechanical braking, eddy current braking has the advantages of non-contact, no friction, no noise, etc. In addition, when using permanent magnets to generate a magnetic field, no external energy is required, which is a green and reliable braking technology. Braking, automobile braking and other fields have broad application prospects.

In the case of train braking, automobile braking, etc., it is generally required that the brake can always output a constant braking torque throughout the braking process, that is, the high-speed situation at the initial stage of braking and the low-speed situation at the end of braking have nearly the same braking torque. torque to ensure constant reverse acceleration for fast braking. However, compared with electromagnetic eddy current braking, permanent magnet eddy current braking is not adjustable. Once the device design is completed, the dynamic performance cannot be adjusted according to needs. At present, the existing permanent magnet eddy current brakes all adopt a single structure, which cannot achieve the consistency of braking torque under high speed and low speed.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the invention is to solve the problem that the existing permanent magnet eddy current brake cannot guarantee the same braking torque at high speed and low speed, and the invention provides a constant torque permanent magnet eddy current brake.

Constant torque permanent magnet eddy current brake, the brake adopts multi-layer disc structure, which includes primary and secondary, primary and secondary coaxial;

The primary includes two layers of end primary and N layers of intermediate primary, N is a positive integer, two layers of end primary are arranged oppositely, and N layers of intermediate primary are arranged side by side between the two layers of end primary;

The end primary includes an end magnetic yoke plate and 2M end permanent magnets. The 2M end permanent magnets are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the same side of the end magnetic yoke plate, and the end permanent magnets are magnetized. The direction is to magnetize along the axial direction of the end magnetic yoke plate where it is located, and the magnetization directions of the two adjacent end permanent magnets are opposite, and M is a positive integer;

The intermediate primary includes an intermediate magnetic yoke plate and 4M intermediate permanent magnets. Among them, 2M intermediate permanent magnets are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on one side of the intermediate magnetic yoke plate, and the remaining 2M intermediate permanent magnets are placed on the intermediate magnetic yoke. The surface on the other side of the plate is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the middle permanent magnets on the two sides of the middle magnetically permeable yoke plate are oppositely arranged;

The magnetization direction of the middle permanent magnet is along the axial direction of the middle magnetic yoke plate where it is located;

The magnetization directions of the adjacent two intermediate permanent magnets on the same side of the intermediate magnetic yoke plate are opposite,

The magnetization directions of the permanent magnets corresponding to the two sides of the middle magnetic yoke plate and the permanent magnets corresponding to the end magnetic yoke plate are the same;

The secondary includes N+1 layers of disk-shaped vortex reaction plates, the disk-shaped vortex reaction plates are reaction plate A, reaction plate B, reaction plate C or reaction plate D, and the secondary is composed of reaction plate A, reaction plate B , Reaction plate C and reaction plate D are composed of at least two types of reaction plates, reaction plate A is a conductor plate, reaction plate B is a magnetic conductive plate, and both reaction plate C and reaction plate D are composed of a conductive plate and a magnetic conductive plate , the diameters of the disc-shaped vortex reaction plates in each layer are the same;

N+1 layers of disc-shaped eddy current reaction plates and N layers of intermediate primary are alternately arranged between two layers of end primary.

The end permanent magnets are fan-shaped or rectangular, and the middle permanent magnets are fan-shaped or rectangular.

The reaction plate C is composed of two layers of conductive plates and a layer of magnetically conductive plates, and the two layers of conductive plates are glued on both sides of the magnetically conductive plates.

The reaction plate D is composed of two layers of conductor plates and a layer of magnetically conductive plates;

The two-layer conductor plate is a spoke structure, and there are 2K connecting ribs between the inner ring and the outer ring of the spoke structure, K is a positive integer,

Grooves are milled on both sides of the magnetic conductive plate, and the shape of the groove is the same as that of the spoke-type conductor plate. Two layers of spoke-type conductor plates are embedded in the grooves on both sides of the magnetic conductive plate.

The groove thickness is the same as that of the spoke-type conductor plate.

The conductor plate is a disk-shaped structure, and the conductor plate is a non-magnetic conductor plate with low resistivity.

The magnetic guide plate is a disc-shaped structure.

The primary and secondary layers together form 2N+2 layers of axial air gaps.

Described reaction plate A, reaction plate B, reaction plate C or reaction plate D are all disc-shaped structures, and the inner/outer diameter of reaction plate A, the inner/outer diameter of reaction plate B, the inner/outer diameter of reaction plate C The outer diameter is the same as the inner/outer diameter of reaction plate D.

Both the end magnetic yoke plate and the middle magnetic yoke plate are disc-shaped, and the inner and outer diameters of the end magnetic yoke plate and the inner and outer diameters of the middle magnetic yoke plate are the same.

The beneficial effect brought by the present invention is that the present invention integrates eddy current reaction plates of different materials, structures and thicknesses in one permanent magnet eddy current brake by adopting a multi-layer disc structure, utilizing various reaction plates with different Braking force-speed characteristic curve (for example, low-resistivity conductor plate has high torque at low speed and low torque at high speed, while magnetic permeable plate has high torque at high speed and low speed at low speed), The synthesized eddy current brake has constant torque characteristics through characteristic superposition. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, large braking torque, constant braking torque and the like.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of constant torque permanent magnet eddy current brake of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a primary structural schematic diagram;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the end primary;

Fig. 4 is the front view of the end primary;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle primary;

Fig. 6 is the front view of the middle primary;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of reaction plate A;

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of reaction plate B;

Fig. 9 is the structural representation of reaction plate C;

Fig. 10 is the assembly diagram of reaction plate C;

Fig. 11 is the structural representation of reaction plate D;

Fig. 12 is the assembly drawing of reaction plate D;

Fig. 13 to Fig. 16 are all schematic diagrams of a structure of a constant torque permanent magnet eddy current brake.

Detailed ways

Specific Embodiment 1: Refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 16 to illustrate this embodiment, the constant torque permanent magnet eddy current brake described in this embodiment, the brake adopts a multi-layer disc structure, which includes a primary (1) and a secondary (2 ), primary (1) and secondary (2) coaxial;

The primary (1) includes two layers of end primary (1-1) and N layers of intermediate primary (1-2), N is a positive integer, two layers of end primary (1-1) are arranged oppositely, and N layers of intermediate primary (1-2) are arranged side by side between two layers of end primary (1-1);

The end primary (1-1) includes an end magnetic yoke plate (1-1-1) and 2M end permanent magnets (1-1-2), and 2M end permanent magnets (1-1-2 ) on the same side of the end magnetic yoke plate (1-1-1), evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the magnetization direction of the end permanent magnet (1-1-2) is along the end where it is located The axial magnetization of the yoke plate (1-1-1), and the magnetization directions of the two adjacent end permanent magnets (1-1-2) are opposite, and M is a positive integer;

The middle primary (1-2) includes a middle magnetic yoke plate (1-2-1) and 4M middle permanent magnets (1-2-2), wherein, 2M middle permanent magnets (1-2-2) are in One side surface of the middle magnetic yoke plate (1-2-1) is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the remaining 2M intermediate permanent magnets (1-2-2) are on the other side of the middle magnetic yoke plate (1-2-1). The surface on one side is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the middle permanent magnets (1-2-2) on the two sides of the middle magnetic yoke plate (1-2-1) are arranged oppositely;

The magnetization direction of the middle permanent magnet (1-2-2) is along the axial direction of the middle magnetic yoke plate (1-2-1) where it is located;

The magnetization directions of the adjacent two intermediate permanent magnets (1-2-2) on the same side of the intermediate magnetic yoke plate (1-2-1) are opposite,

The magnetization directions of the permanent magnets at the corresponding positions on the two sides of the middle magnetic yoke plate (1-2-1) and the permanent magnets at the corresponding positions of the end magnetic yoke plates (1-1-1) are the same;

The secondary (2) comprises N+1 layers of disc-shaped eddy current reaction plates, and the disc-shaped eddy current reaction plates are reaction plate A (2-1), reaction plate B (2-2), reaction plate C (2- 3) or reaction plate D (2-4), and secondary (2) consists of reaction plate A (2-1), reaction plate B (2-2), reaction plate C (2-3) and reaction plate D ( 2-4) consists of at least two types of reaction plates, the reaction plate A (2-1) is a conductor plate, the reaction plate B (2-2) is a magnetic plate, the reaction plate C (2-3) and the reaction plate Plate D (2-4) is made of conductor plate and magnetic conduction plate, and the diameter of each disc-shaped eddy current reaction plate is the same;

N+1 layers of disk-shaped eddy current reaction plates and N layers of intermediate primary (1-2) are alternately arranged between two layers of end primary (1-1).

In this embodiment, one of the primary (1) and the secondary (2) serves as a rotor, and the other serves as a stator. The rotor is fixed on the rotor shaft, and the stator is fixed on the stator holder.

When the secondary (2) is composed of two types of reaction plate A (2-1) and reaction plate B (2-2), the secondary (2) is composed of any combination of A-B, A-B-A, B-A-B, A-B-A-B, A-B-B-A, B-A-A-B, etc. The rules are arranged at intervals with each layer of the primary (1) along the axial direction, see Fig. 13 for details.

When the secondary (2) is composed of two types of reaction plate A (2-1) and reaction plate C (2-3), the secondary (2) is composed of any combination of A-C, A-C-A, C-A-C, A-C-A-C, A-C-C-A, C-A-A-C, etc. The rules are arranged at intervals with each layer of the primary (1) along the axial direction, see Fig. 14 for details.

When the secondary (2) is composed of two types of reaction plate B (2-2) and reaction plate C (2-3), the secondary (2) is composed of any combination of B-C, B-C-B, C-B-C, B-C-B-C, B-C-C-B, C-B-B-C, etc. The rules are arranged at intervals with each layer of the primary (1) along the axial direction, see Fig. 15 for details.

When the secondary (2) consists of three types of reaction plate A (2-1), reaction plate B (2-2) and reaction plate C (2-3), any Combination rules are arranged at intervals with each layer of the primary (1) along the axial direction, see Figure 16 for details.

Integrate eddy current reaction plates of different materials, structures, and thicknesses in a permanent magnet eddy current brake, use various reaction plates to have different braking force-speed characteristic curves, and make the synthesized eddy current brake have constant rotation through characteristic superposition moment characteristic.

The constant torque eddy current brake of the present invention is a multi-layer disc structure, composed of a primary and a secondary, which can be operated by a movable primary or a movable secondary; the primary includes a permanent magnet and a magnetically conductive yoke plate, and the secondary is Eddy current reaction plate; according to the constant torque requirement, different materials can be selected for each layer of reaction plate, the thickness of each layer of reaction plate can take different values, and the length of each layer of air gap between primary and secondary can take different values; the present invention has a structure Simple, large braking torque, constant braking torque and other advantages.

Specific embodiment 2: Refer to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 to illustrate this embodiment, the difference between this embodiment and the constant torque permanent magnet eddy current brake described in specific embodiment 1 is that the end permanent magnets (1-1- 2) It is fan-shaped or rectangular, and the middle permanent magnet (1-2-2) is fan-shaped or rectangular.

Specific embodiment three: Referring to Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 to illustrate this embodiment, the difference between this embodiment and the constant torque permanent magnet eddy current brake described in specific embodiment one is that the reaction plate C (2-3) is composed of It consists of two layers of conductor plates and one layer of magnetic conduction plates, and the two layers of conductor plates are glued on both sides of the magnetic conduction plates.

Specific Embodiment 4: Refer to Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 to illustrate this embodiment. The difference between this embodiment and the constant torque permanent magnet eddy current brake described in Embodiment 1 is that the reaction plate D (2-4) is composed of Consists of two layers of conductor plates and one layer of magnetic plates;

The two-layer conductor plate is a spoke structure, and there are 2K connecting ribs between the inner ring and the outer ring of the spoke structure, K is a positive integer,

Grooves are milled on both sides of the magnetic conductive plate, and the shape of the groove is the same as that of the spoke-type conductor plate. Two layers of spoke-type conductor plates are embedded in the grooves on both sides of the magnetic conductive plate.

Embodiment 5: Refer to Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 to illustrate this embodiment. The difference between this embodiment and the constant torque permanent magnet eddy current brake described in Embodiment 4 is that the thickness of the groove and the thickness of the spoke-type conductor plate same.

Specific embodiment six: Referring to Figures 7, 9, 10, 11 and 12 to illustrate this embodiment, the difference between this embodiment and the constant torque permanent magnet eddy current brake described in specific embodiments one, two, three or four is that the The conductor plate described above has a disc-shaped structure, and the conductor plate is a non-magnetic conductor plate with low resistivity.

Integrate eddy current reaction plates of different materials, structures, and thicknesses in a permanent magnet eddy current brake, and use various reaction plates to have different braking force-speed characteristic curves (for example, a low-resistivity conductor plate has a large Torque, the torque is low at high speed, and the magnetic plate has high torque at high speed, and the rotation speed is low at low speed), through the superposition of characteristics, the synthesized eddy current brake has constant torque characteristics.

Embodiment 7: Refer to Fig. 8 to Fig. 12 to illustrate this embodiment. The difference between this embodiment and the constant torque permanent magnet eddy current brake described in Embodiment 1, 2, 3 or 4 is that the magnetic plate It is a disc-shaped structure.

Embodiment 8: The difference between this embodiment and the constant torque permanent magnet eddy current brake described in Embodiment 1 is that the primary (1) and secondary (2) form a total of 2N+2 axial air gaps .

According to the requirement of constant torque, different materials can be selected for each layer of reaction plates, the thickness of each layer of reaction plates can be different values, and the length of each layer of air gap between primary and secondary can be different values; the present invention has simple structure, braking Large torque, constant braking torque and other advantages.

Embodiment 9: The difference between this embodiment and the constant torque permanent magnet eddy current brake described in Embodiment 1 is that the reaction plate A (2-1), the reaction plate B (2-2), the reaction plate C(2-3) or reaction plate D(2-4) are disc-shaped structures, and the inner/outer diameter of reaction plate A(2-1) and the inner/outer diameter of reaction plate B(2-2) , The inner/outer diameter of the reaction plate C (2-3) is the same as the inner/outer diameter of the reaction plate D (2-4).

Embodiment 10: The difference between this embodiment and the constant torque permanent magnet eddy current brake described in Embodiment 1 is that the end magnetic yoke plate (1-1-1) and the middle magnetic yoke plate ( 1-2-1) are all disc-shaped structures, and the inner and outer diameters of the end magnetic yoke plates (1-1-1) and the inner and outer diameters of the middle magnetic yoke plates (1-2-1) same.

Claims (10)

1. permanent torque Permanent magnet eddy-current brake device, which uses Multilayer disc type structure, which is characterized in that it includes primary (1) With secondary (2), primary (1) and secondary (2) is coaxial；

The primary (1) includes two layers of end primary (1-1) and N layers intermediate primary (1-2), and N is positive integer, and two layers of end is primary (1-1) is oppositely arranged, and N layers of intermediate primary (1-2) laid out in parallel are between two layers of end primary (1-1)；

End primary (1-1) includes an end magnetic conduction yoke plate (1-1-1) and 2M blocks end permanent magnet (1-1-2), 2M blocks end Permanent magnet (1-1-2) is distributed uniformly and circumferentially on the same side of end magnetic conduction yoke plate (1-1-1), end permanent magnetism Body (1-1-2) magnetizing direction is the axial charging of end magnetic conduction yoke plate (1-1-1) where it, and adjacent two blocks of end permanent magnetism The magnetizing direction of body (1-1-2) is on the contrary, M is positive integer；

Intermediate primary (1-2) includes permanent magnet (1-2-2) among an intermediate magnetic conduction yoke plate (1-2-1) and 4M blocks, wherein 2M blocks Intermediate permanent magnet (1-2-2) is distributed uniformly and circumferentially in a side surface of intermediate magnetic conduction yoke plate (1-2-1), in remaining 2M blocks Between permanent magnet (1-2-2) be distributed uniformly and circumferentially in another side surface of intermediate magnetic conduction yoke plate (1-2-1), and intermediate magnetic conduction Intermediate permanent magnet (1-2-2) on two sides of yoke plate (1-2-1) is oppositely arranged；

Intermediate permanent magnet (1-2-2) magnetizing direction is the axial charging of the intermediate magnetic conduction yoke plate (1-2-1) where it；

The magnetizing directions of adjacent two intermediate permanent magnets (1-2-2) on intermediate magnetic conduction yoke plate (1-2-1) same side on the contrary,

The permanent magnet and end magnetic conduction yoke plate (1-1-1) of two side corresponding positions of intermediate magnetic conduction yoke plate (1-2-1) correspond to position The permanent magnet magnetizing direction set is identical；

The secondary (2) includes N+1 layers of disc vortex reaction plate, and disc is vortexed reaction plate and is reaction plate A (2-1), reacts Plate B (2-2), reaction plate C (2-3) or reaction plate D (2-4), and secondary (2) is by reaction plate A (2-1), reaction plate B (2-2), reaction Plate C (2-3) and the reaction plate of at least two types in reaction plate D (2-4) are constituted, and reaction plate A (2-1) is conductor plate, reaction Plate B (2-2) is magnetic conductive board, and reaction plate C (2-3) and reaction plate D (2-4) are made of conductor plate and magnetic conductive board, each layer disc The diameter for being vortexed reaction plate is identical；

N+1 layers of disc vortex reaction plate and N layers intermediate primary (1-2) are arranged alternately between two layers of end primary (1-1).

2. permanent torque Permanent magnet eddy-current brake device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the end permanent magnet (1- 1-2) it is fan-shaped or rectangle, intermediate permanent magnet (1-2-2) is fan-shaped or rectangle.

3. permanent torque Permanent magnet eddy-current brake device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the reaction plate C (2-3) by Two layers of conductor plate and one layer of magnetic conductive board are constituted, and two layers of conductor plate is bonded in magnetic conductive board both sides.

4. permanent torque Permanent magnet eddy-current brake device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the reaction plate D (2-4) by Two layers of conductor plate and one layer of magnetic conductive board are constituted；

Two layers of conductor plate is spoke structure, and it is just whole to have 2K dowel, K between the inner ring and outer shroud of spoke structure Number,

Magnetic conductive board both side surface mills out slot, and the shape of slot is identical as spoke type conductor plate, and two layers of spoke type conductor plate is embedded in In the slot of magnetic conductive board both sides.

5. permanent torque Permanent magnet eddy-current brake device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the slot thickness and spoke type The thickness of conductor plate is identical.

6. permanent torque Permanent magnet eddy-current brake device according to claim 1,2,3 or 4, which is characterized in that the conductor plate For disc-shaped structure, and the non-magnetic conductor plate that conductor plate is low-resistivity.

7. permanent torque Permanent magnet eddy-current brake device according to claim 1,2,3 or 4, which is characterized in that the magnetic conductive board For disc-shaped structure.

8. permanent torque Permanent magnet eddy-current brake device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the primary (1) and secondary (2) 2N+2 layers of axial air-gap are formed altogether.

9. permanent torque Permanent magnet eddy-current brake device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the reaction plate A (2-1), Reaction plate B (2-2), reaction plate C (2-3) or reaction plate D (2-4) are disc-shaped structure, and reaction plate A's (2-1) is inside and outside The inside and outside diameter of diameter, the inside and outside diameter of reaction plate B (2-2), reaction plate C (2-3) is identical with the inside and outside diameter of reaction plate D (2-4).

10. permanent torque Permanent magnet eddy-current brake device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the end magnetic conduction yoke plate (1-1-1) and intermediate magnetic conduction yoke plate (1-2-1) are disc-shaped structure, and the inside and outside diameter of end magnetic conduction yoke plate (1-1-1) is in Between magnetic conduction yoke plate (1-2-1) inside and outside diameter it is identical.