CN105866638A - City network cable joint insulation state online monitoring apparatus early warning apparatus and method - Google Patents
City network cable joint insulation state online monitoring apparatus early warning apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种城网电缆接头绝缘状态在线监测预警装置及方法。装置包括数据采集模块、信号调制模块、中央数据处理模块、通信模块、后台监控平台和电源模块，其中所述数据采集模块装设在电缆接头处，数据采集模块的输出端与信号调制模块的输入端连接，信号调制模块的输出端与中央数据处理模块的数据输入端连接，中央数据处理模块的输出端与通信模块连接，电源模块与中央数据处理模块的电源端连接。采用加权平均算法选择适当的特征量，将特征向量映射到高维空间，通过层次分析法求解相关向量的权重，再结合实践经验对在各绝缘特征量的建立具有良好对应性的隶属度函数，从而能充分利用各项绝缘参数，准确、实时地进行电缆的绝缘状态判定。
The invention discloses an on-line monitoring and early warning device and method for the insulation status of urban network cable joints. The device includes a data acquisition module, a signal modulation module, a central data processing module, a communication module, a background monitoring platform and a power supply module, wherein the data acquisition module is installed at the cable joint, and the output terminal of the data acquisition module and the input of the signal modulation module The output end of the signal modulation module is connected to the data input end of the central data processing module, the output end of the central data processing module is connected to the communication module, and the power supply module is connected to the power end of the central data processing module. The weighted average algorithm is used to select the appropriate feature quantity, the feature vector is mapped to a high-dimensional space, and the weight of the relevant vector is solved by the analytic hierarchy process, and then combined with practical experience to establish a membership function with good correspondence in each insulation feature quantity, Therefore, various insulation parameters can be fully utilized, and the insulation state of the cable can be judged accurately and in real time.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及绝缘状态监测领域，特别涉及一种城网电缆接头绝缘状态在线监测预警方法及装置。The invention relates to the field of insulation state monitoring, in particular to an on-line monitoring and early warning method and device for the insulation state of urban network cable joints.
背景技术Background technique
电力电缆是电力系统的重要组成部分，随着企业生产的发展，对电力需求的不断增加，电力电缆的使用量也在逐年增长，现代化企业的生产要求电力电缆的运行必须是长期、连续和安全稳定的。长期以来，为了防止事故的发生，对电力系统运行中的设备，一直坚持定期进行预防性试验的制度。这对保证设备在电力系统中安全可靠地运行，防止事故的发生起了很好的作用。但是随着电力生产的发展，传统的常规性预防试验，已经满足不了安全生产的需要。这是因为常规性预防试验需要停电测试，而且两次试验间隔时间过长，所以不易及时发现设备的绝缘缺陷，而且停电还会造成一定的损失。Power cables are an important part of the power system. With the development of enterprise production, the demand for power continues to increase, and the use of power cables is also increasing year by year. The production of modern enterprises requires that the operation of power cables must be long-term, continuous and safe. stable. For a long time, in order to prevent the occurrence of accidents, the system of regular preventive tests has been adhered to for the equipment in the power system operation. This plays a very good role in ensuring the safe and reliable operation of equipment in the power system and preventing accidents. However, with the development of electric power production, traditional routine preventive tests can no longer meet the needs of safe production. This is because the routine preventive test requires a power outage test, and the interval between the two tests is too long, so it is difficult to find the insulation defect of the equipment in time, and the power outage will cause certain losses.
经研究表明，电缆接头是整条电缆中最薄弱的地方，也是最易发生故障的地方，对电缆接头进行在线监测，可以缩短检测周期，提高及时发现绝缘缺陷的概率，从而降低绝缘事故。对电缆接头进行在线监测，进而实现对接头绝缘的在线诊断，从而使电力系统从预防性维修阶段过渡到预知性阶段。这是因为绝缘的劣化、缺陷的发展，虽然具有统计性，发展速度也有快有慢，但大多数都有一定的发展期。在这期间，绝缘会发出反映绝缘状态变化的各种物理化学信息。通过对这些信息的综合处理，就可以对电缆接头的可靠性做出判断和绝缘寿命做出预测，必要时提供预警或规定的操作。这样既可以避免因绝缘缺陷的扩大而导致的事故，也可以避免盲目停电进行预防性试验。Studies have shown that the cable joint is the weakest part of the entire cable and is also the most prone to failure. On-line monitoring of the cable joint can shorten the detection cycle and increase the probability of timely detection of insulation defects, thereby reducing insulation accidents. On-line monitoring of cable joints, and then on-line diagnosis of joint insulation, so that the power system transitions from the preventive maintenance stage to the predictive stage. This is because of the deterioration of insulation and the development of defects. Although they are statistical and the speed of development varies, most of them have a certain development period. During this period, the insulation will emit various physical and chemical information reflecting the change of insulation state. Through the comprehensive processing of these information, the reliability of the cable joint can be judged and the insulation life can be predicted, and an early warning or prescribed operation can be provided when necessary. In this way, accidents caused by the expansion of insulation defects can be avoided, and blind power failures for preventive tests can also be avoided.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明针对城网电缆接头绝缘状态实时监测方法及装置不能满足当前电网需求的现状，提供一种稳定、迅速并能实时精准的在线监测城网电缆接头绝缘状态的装置及方法。本发明根据电缆接头绝缘参数的特点，结合加权平均的方法。利用装设在电缆接头表面的贴面温度传感器和电场传感器以及安装在接地线上的高频脉冲电流传感器和电容漏电流传感器测量电缆的电场强度信号、局部放电脉冲电流信号、电缆接头贴面温度信号和电容漏电流信号，将采集到的信号通过数据处理后发送至后台监控平台利用加权平均法对数据进行分析计算，以实现通过测量电场强度、局部放电脉冲电流、电缆接头贴面温度和电容漏电流来确定电缆接头的绝缘状态，从而实现对城网电缆接头运行状态进行实时的在线监测。Aiming at the fact that the real-time monitoring method and device for the insulation state of urban network cable joints cannot meet the current needs of the current power grid, the present invention provides a stable, rapid, real-time and accurate online monitoring device and method for the insulation state of urban network cable joints. The invention combines the method of weighted average according to the characteristics of the cable joint insulation parameters. Use the surface temperature sensor and electric field sensor installed on the surface of the cable joint and the high frequency pulse current sensor and capacitive leakage current sensor installed on the grounding wire to measure the electric field strength signal of the cable, the partial discharge pulse current signal, and the surface temperature of the cable joint Signal and capacitance leakage current signal, the collected signal is sent to the background monitoring platform after data processing, and the data is analyzed and calculated by the weighted average method, so as to realize the measurement of electric field strength, partial discharge pulse current, cable joint surface temperature and capacitance The leakage current is used to determine the insulation state of the cable joint, so as to realize the real-time online monitoring of the operation status of the urban network cable joint.
为了实现上述目的本发明采用如下技术方案：一种城网电缆接头绝缘状态在线监测预警装置，包括数据采集模块、信号调制模块、中央数据处理模块、通信模块、后台监控平台和电源模块，其中所述数据采集模块装设在电缆接头处，数据采集模块的输出端与信号调制模块的输入端连接，信号调制模块的输出端与中央数据处理模块的数据输入端连接，中央数据处理模块的输出端与通信模块连接，电源模块与中央数据处理模块的电源端连接。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: an on-line monitoring and early warning device for the insulation state of urban network cable joints, including a data acquisition module, a signal modulation module, a central data processing module, a communication module, a background monitoring platform and a power supply module, wherein the The data acquisition module is installed at the cable joint, the output end of the data acquisition module is connected to the input end of the signal modulation module, the output end of the signal modulation module is connected to the data input end of the central data processing module, and the output end of the central data processing module It is connected with the communication module, and the power module is connected with the power terminal of the central data processing module.
所述数据采集模块包括电场传感器、贴面温度传感器、高频电流传感器和零磁通霍尔电流传感器，分别采集电场强度信号、电缆接头贴面温度信号、局部放电脉冲电流信号和电容漏电流信号，将以上信号输入信号调制模块；信号调制模块进行整流、滤波、放大处理，然后输入中央数据处理模块；中央数据处理模块对接收到的信号进行实时处理，获得电场强度值、电缆接头贴面温度值、局部放电脉冲电流的脉冲频次和峰值、电容漏电流有效值，然后进行打包并发送到通信模块，由通信模块发送到后台监控平台；后台监控平台评估电缆接头的绝缘状态。The data acquisition module includes an electric field sensor, a veneer temperature sensor, a high-frequency current sensor and a zero-flux Hall current sensor, respectively collecting electric field strength signals, cable joint veneer temperature signals, partial discharge pulse current signals and capacitance leakage current signals , input the above signal into the signal modulation module; the signal modulation module performs rectification, filtering, and amplification processing, and then enters the central data processing module; the central data processing module performs real-time processing on the received signal to obtain the electric field strength value, cable joint surface temperature value, the pulse frequency and peak value of the partial discharge pulse current, and the effective value of the capacitor leakage current, and then pack it and send it to the communication module, which sends it to the background monitoring platform; the background monitoring platform evaluates the insulation status of the cable joint.
在以上装置的基础上具有更好的效果，所述电场传感器和贴面温度传感器安装在电缆接头表面，所述高频电流传感器和零磁通霍尔电流传感器安装在接地线上。On the basis of the above device, it has a better effect, the electric field sensor and the veneer temperature sensor are installed on the surface of the cable joint, and the high-frequency current sensor and the zero-flux Hall current sensor are installed on the grounding wire.
电源模块采用太阳能供电系统，控制器输出的电压大约为6.0V，其输出端与蓄电池的输入端连接，利用蓄电池为整个装置的工作提供电源。The power supply module adopts a solar power supply system, and the output voltage of the controller is about 6.0V, and its output terminal is connected with the input terminal of the storage battery, and the storage battery is used to provide power for the operation of the whole device.
所述后台监控平台对电容漏电流、脉冲电流、电场强度和电缆接头贴面温度的变化趋势进行显示。工作人员通过登录客户端可以实时查看这些数据，以便于监测电缆接头绝缘状况的变化，工作人员可以在电缆接头发生故障之前对电缆接头的绝缘状态进行预估然后采取相应的措施，减少电缆接头发生故障的几率。后台监控平台将接收到的数据通过核心算法后评估电缆接头绝缘状态，便于工作人员及时对电缆接头进行维修或更换。The background monitoring platform displays the variation trends of capacitor leakage current, pulse current, electric field strength and cable joint veneer temperature. The staff can view the data in real time by logging in to the client, so as to monitor the change of the insulation status of the cable joints. The staff can estimate the insulation status of the cable joints before the failure of the cable joints and then take corresponding measures to reduce the occurrence of cable joints. chance of failure. The background monitoring platform evaluates the insulation status of the cable joints after passing the received data through the core algorithm, so that the staff can repair or replace the cable joints in time.
本发明还提供一种城网电缆接头绝缘状态在线监测预警方法，包括以下步骤：The present invention also provides an on-line monitoring and early warning method for the insulation status of urban network cable joints, which includes the following steps:
a)、数据采集模块采集电场强度信号、电缆接头贴面温度信号、局部放电脉冲电流信号和电容漏电流信号，经信号调制模块进行整流、滤波、放大处理，然后输入中央数据处理模块；中央数据处理模块对接收到的信号进行实时处理，获得电场强度值、电缆接头贴面温度值、局部放电脉冲电流的脉冲频次和峰值、电容漏电流有效值，然后进行打包并发送到通信模块，由通信模块发送到后台监控平台；a), the data acquisition module collects the electric field strength signal, the cable joint surface temperature signal, the partial discharge pulse current signal and the capacitor leakage current signal, rectifies, filters, and amplifies the signal through the signal modulation module, and then enters the central data processing module; the central data The processing module processes the received signals in real time, obtains the electric field strength value, the temperature value of the cable joint surface, the pulse frequency and peak value of the partial discharge pulse current, and the effective value of the capacitor leakage current, and then packs and sends it to the communication module. The module is sent to the background monitoring platform;
b)、后台监控平台对接收到的数据进行处理：b) The background monitoring platform processes the received data:
①建立特征向量集，特征向量集为A＝{a1，a2，a3，a4，a5}＝{电场强度值，局部放电脉冲电流峰值，局部放电脉冲电流的脉冲频次，电缆接头贴面温度，电容漏电流有效值}；①Establish the eigenvector set, the eigenvector set is A={a1, a2, a3, a4, a5}={electric field strength value, peak value of partial discharge pulse current, pulse frequency of partial discharge pulse current, temperature of cable joint veneer, capacitance Leakage current effective value};
②采用层次分析法确定特征向量的权重；②Analytic hierarchy process is used to determine the weight of the feature vector;
③建立绝缘状态标准，L＝{l1，l2，l3，l4}＝{优，良，中，差}；③Establish insulation status standard, L={l 1 , l 2 , l 3 , l 4 }={excellent, good, medium, poor};
④建立隶属度函数，采用岭型分布的隶属度函数；④ Establish the membership function, using the membership function of ridge distribution;
⑤绝缘状态综合评估，采用加权平均算法完成，其中关系式为：⑤Comprehensive evaluation of insulation state is completed by weighted average algorithm, where the relationship is:
式中，yi表示绝缘状态评估结果，wi表示各特征向量的权重，rij表示各特征向量的隶属度；n表示特征向量的个数。In the formula, y i represents the evaluation result of the insulation state, w i represents the weight of each feature vector, r ij represents the membership degree of each feature vector; n represents the number of feature vectors.
本发明装置利用装设在电缆接头表面的贴面温度传感器和电场传感器以及安装在接地线上的高频脉冲电流传感器和电容漏电流传感器采集到的电缆接头的电场强度信号、局部放电脉冲电流信号、电缆接头贴面温度信号和电容漏电流信号，将采集到的信号通过数据处理后发送至后台监控平台，后台监控平台进行及时记录储存与计算，以备后续故障处理及分析。装置具有很强的抗干扰能力，采集的各类信号准确，数据处理速度快速，采用太能能供电保证装置长时间的运作，还可以通过在线升级维护和更新系统。The device of the present invention utilizes the electric field intensity signal and the partial discharge pulse current signal of the cable joint collected by the veneer temperature sensor and the electric field sensor installed on the surface of the cable joint, and the high-frequency pulse current sensor and the capacitance leakage current sensor installed on the grounding wire. , Cable joint veneer temperature signal and capacitor leakage current signal, the collected signal is sent to the background monitoring platform after data processing, and the background monitoring platform records, stores and calculates in time for subsequent fault handling and analysis. The device has strong anti-interference ability, all kinds of collected signals are accurate, and the data processing speed is fast. The use of solar energy power supply ensures the long-term operation of the device, and the system can also be maintained and updated through online upgrades.
本发明核心算法是采用加权平均算法选择适当的特征量，将特征向量映射到高维空间，通过层次分析法求解相关向量的权重，再结合实践经验对各绝缘特征量的建立具有良好对应性的隶属度函数，从而能充分利用各项绝缘参数，准确、实时地进行电缆的绝缘状态判定。该方法针对电缆接头在线监测的片面性和局部性，通过采集多种反映电缆接头绝缘状态的各种特征向量，利用模糊理论对采集到的多种特征向量进行全面分析，从全面立体的角度对电缆接头绝缘状态进行评估。The core algorithm of the present invention is to use the weighted average algorithm to select appropriate feature quantities, map the feature vectors to high-dimensional space, solve the weights of related vectors through the analytic hierarchy process, and combine practical experience with good correspondence to the establishment of each insulation feature quantity Membership function, so that various insulation parameters can be fully utilized, and the insulation state of the cable can be judged accurately and in real time. Aiming at the one-sidedness and partiality of on-line monitoring of cable joints, this method collects a variety of eigenvectors reflecting the insulation state of cable joints, uses fuzzy theory to comprehensively analyze the collected eigenvectors, and analyzes the cables from a comprehensive and three-dimensional perspective. The condition of the insulation of the joints is evaluated.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明装置的系统结构框图；Fig. 1 is the system block diagram of device of the present invention;
图2是本发明的核心算法流程图；Fig. 2 is a core algorithm flow chart of the present invention;
图3是本发明的操作流程图；Fig. 3 is the operation flowchart of the present invention;
图4是隶属度函数示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the membership function.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图对本发明的技术方案做进一步描述。The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
电缆接头绝缘状态在线监测预警装置参照图1，其组成及模块之间的连接情况如下：Refer to Figure 1 for the on-line monitoring and early warning device for cable joint insulation status. Its composition and connection between modules are as follows:
该装置包括数据采集模块1、信号调制模块2、中央数据处理模块3、通信模块4、后台监控平台5和电源模块6，其中所述数据采集模块1装设在电缆接头处，数据采集模块1的输出端与信号调制模块2的输入端连接，信号调制模块2的输出端与中央数据处理模块3的数据输入端连接，中央数据处理模块3的输出端与通信模块4连接，电源模块6与中央数据处理模块3的电源端连接。The device includes a data acquisition module 1, a signal modulation module 2, a central data processing module 3, a communication module 4, a background monitoring platform 5 and a power supply module 6, wherein the data acquisition module 1 is installed at the cable joint, and the data acquisition module 1 The output end of the signal modulation module 2 is connected to the input end of the signal modulation module 2, the output end of the signal modulation module 2 is connected to the data input end of the central data processing module 3, the output end of the central data processing module 3 is connected to the communication module 4, and the power supply module 6 is connected to the communication module 4. The power terminal of the central data processing module 3 is connected.
其中数据采集模块1由电场传感器模块、高频电流传感器模块、贴面温度传感器模块、零磁通霍尔电流传感器模块组成；信号调制模块将采集的各种信号进行整流、滤波、放大等调制；中央数据处理模块将采集到的各种信号进行及时计算处理和打包；通信模块采用GPRS通信模块(General Packet RadioService),主要是为向了后台监控服务器发送当前反映电缆接头绝缘状态的各参数，后台监控平台进行及时记录储存，并采用加权平均法对数据分析计算评估电缆接头绝缘状态，便于对电缆接头故障的预警。其中该系统的中央数据处理器采用STM32L151VBT6芯片。The data acquisition module 1 is composed of an electric field sensor module, a high-frequency current sensor module, a veneer temperature sensor module, and a zero-flux Hall current sensor module; the signal modulation module rectifies, filters, and amplifies the collected signals; The central data processing module calculates, processes and packs the various signals collected in time; the communication module adopts the GPRS communication module (General Packet Radio Service), mainly to send the current parameters reflecting the insulation status of the cable joints to the background monitoring server. The monitoring platform records and stores in time, and uses the weighted average method to analyze and calculate the data to evaluate the insulation status of cable joints, which is convenient for early warning of cable joint failures. Among them, the central data processor of the system adopts STM32L151VBT6 chip.
本发明装置通过数据采集模块采集到的电缆接头贴面温度传感器和电场传感器以及安装在接地线上的高频脉冲电流传感器和电容漏电流传感器采集到的电缆接头的电场强度信号、局部放电脉冲电流信号、电缆接头贴面温度信号和电容漏电流信号，将信号进行调制后发送至本装置的中央数据处理模块进行计算处理和打包，可将分析计算处理后的数据信息通过通信模块将数据信息发送至后台监控平台，后台监控平台进行及时记录储存并采用加权平均法对数据分析计算评估电缆接头绝缘状态，便于对电缆接头故障的预警。The device of the present invention collects the electric field strength signal of the cable joint and the partial discharge pulse current collected by the cable joint veneer temperature sensor and the electric field sensor collected by the data acquisition module, and the high-frequency pulse current sensor and the capacitance leakage current sensor installed on the grounding wire. signal, cable joint surface temperature signal and capacitor leakage current signal, after the signal is modulated, it is sent to the central data processing module of the device for calculation, processing and packaging, and the data information after analysis, calculation and processing can be sent through the communication module To the background monitoring platform, the background monitoring platform records and stores in time, and uses the weighted average method to analyze and calculate the data to evaluate the insulation status of the cable joints, which is convenient for early warning of cable joint failures.
城网电缆接头绝缘状态在线监测预警的核心算法参照图2，包括以下步骤：Refer to Figure 2 for the core algorithm of online monitoring and early warning of cable joint insulation status in urban network, including the following steps:
a)、使用数据采集模块采集电缆接头的电场强度，局部放电脉冲电流的峰值，脉冲频次(120秒脉冲次数)、电缆接头贴面温度和电容漏电流的大小等信号；a), use the data acquisition module to collect signals such as the electric field strength of the cable joint, the peak value of the partial discharge pulse current, the pulse frequency (120 second pulse times), the temperature of the cable joint surface and the size of the capacitance leakage current;
b)、综合反映电缆接头绝缘状态的几个特征量，利用加权平均算法来确定绝缘特征量与绝缘状态的映射关系；b) Comprehensively reflect several characteristic quantities of the insulation state of the cable joint, and use a weighted average algorithm to determine the mapping relationship between the insulation characteristic quantity and the insulation state;
采用加权平均算法选择适当的特征量，将特征向量映射到高维空间，通过层次分析法求解相关向量的权重，再结合实践经验对在各绝缘特征量的建立具有良好对应性的隶属度函数，从而能充分利用各项绝缘参数，准确、实时地进行电缆的绝缘状态判定。The weighted average algorithm is used to select the appropriate feature quantity, the feature vector is mapped to a high-dimensional space, and the weight of the relevant vector is solved by the analytic hierarchy process, and then combined with practical experience to establish a membership function with good correspondence in each insulation feature quantity, Therefore, various insulation parameters can be fully utilized, and the insulation state of the cable can be judged accurately and in real time.
以上城网电缆接头绝缘状态在线监测预警方法中后台监控平台的处理步骤如下：The processing steps of the background monitoring platform in the above online monitoring and early warning method for the cable joint insulation state of the urban network are as follows:
1、建立特征向量集1. Create a feature vector set
特征向量集为A＝{a1，a2，a3，a4，a5}＝{电场强度值，局部放电脉冲电流峰值，局部放电脉冲电流脉冲频次，电缆接头贴面温度，电容漏电流有效值}；这里，特征向量集中的各特征向量，用E表示电场强度值，T表示电缆接头贴面温度，Qp表示脉冲电流峰值，Qf表示脉冲电流脉冲频次，Qi表示电容漏电流有效值。The eigenvector set is A={a1, a2, a3, a4, a5}={electric field strength value, peak value of partial discharge pulse current, pulse frequency of partial discharge pulse current, temperature of cable joint veneer, effective value of capacitance leakage current}; here , for each eigenvector in the eigenvector set, E represents the electric field strength value, T represents the cable joint surface temperature, Qp represents the peak value of the pulse current, Qf represents the pulse frequency of the pulse current, and Qi represents the effective value of the capacitor leakage current.
2、采用层次分析法确定各特征向量的权重2. Determine the weight of each eigenvector by using the analytic hierarchy process
1)建立判断矩阵1) Establish a judgment matrix
层次分析法中，判断矩阵B由特征向量集中的元素两两比较得到，在作元素间的两两比较判断时，采用一个元素比另一个元素的重要程度定量来表示，具体的判断矩阵的标度含义如表所示。In the analytic hierarchy process, the judgment matrix B is obtained by pairwise comparison of elements in the eigenvector set. When making pairwise comparisons and judgments between elements, the importance of one element to another is quantitatively expressed. The specific judgment matrix Degree meanings are shown in the table.
判断矩阵标度及含义Judgment matrix scale and meaning
2)求解各特征向量的权重2) Solve the weight of each feature vector
求解公式：Solving formula:
式中，wi表示各特征向量的权重，aij表示特征向量集中的元素，n表示特征向量的个数。In the formula, w i represents the weight of each feature vector, a ij represents the elements in the feature vector set, and n represents the number of feature vectors.
3、建立绝缘状态标准3. Establish insulation status standards
L＝{l1，l2，l3，l4}＝{优，良，中，差}。L={l 1 , l 2 , l 3 , l 4 }={excellent, good, medium, poor}.
电缆接头绝缘状态采用优，良，中，差三个等级；“优”表示电缆接头绝缘状态良好；“良”表示电缆接头绝缘性能有所下降，处于老化早期；“中”表示电缆接头的绝缘性能明显下降，电缆处于老化中期，应加强监测并密切注意电缆接头可能发生的任何异常情况；“差”表示电缆接头的绝缘性能严重下降，电缆处于老化末期，需要停电检修找出故障原因或进行更换。The insulation status of cable joints adopts three grades of excellent, good, medium and poor; "excellent" indicates that the insulation status of cable joints is good; "good" indicates that the insulation performance of cable joints has declined and is in the early stage of aging; "medium" indicates that the insulation of cable joints The performance has dropped significantly, and the cable is in the mid-aging stage. It is necessary to strengthen monitoring and pay close attention to any abnormalities that may occur in the cable joint; replace.
4、建立隶属度函数4. Establish membership function
电缆接头运行良好时评价元素只在某个正常范围波动，发生绝缘劣化时才会偏离正常范围，因此若电缆绝缘状态发生变化，其过渡部分应具非线性。由隶属度指派方法可知，岭型分布的隶属函数中的参数与评价因数转换具有较好的对应性，物理意义清晰，因此采用岭型分布作为电缆接头隶属度函数，参见图4。When the cable joint is running well, the evaluation element only fluctuates in a certain normal range, and it will deviate from the normal range when the insulation deterioration occurs. Therefore, if the cable insulation state changes, the transition part should be nonlinear. It can be seen from the membership degree assignment method that the parameters in the membership function of the ridge distribution have a good correspondence with the evaluation factor conversion, and the physical meaning is clear. Therefore, the ridge distribution is used as the membership function of the cable joint, see Figure 4.
利用公式求解各评价元素对各绝缘状态的隶属度。The membership degree of each evaluation element to each insulation state is solved by using the formula.
式中，A(x)表示特征向量的隶属度，x表示特征向量的值，b0，b1表示“优”转“良”过渡的边界值，b2，b3表示“良”转“中”过渡的边界值，b4，b5表示“中”转“差”过渡的边界值，b0，b1，b2，b3，b4，b5可结合实践经验确定。In the formula, A(x) represents the membership degree of the eigenvector, x represents the value of the eigenvector, b 0 and b 1 represent the boundary value of the transition from "excellent" to "good", b 2 and b 3 represent the transition from "good" to " Boundary value of the transition from “medium” to “poor” by b 4 and b 5 , b 0 , b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , b 4 , b 5 can be determined in combination with practical experience.
5、绝缘状态综合评估5. Comprehensive evaluation of insulation status
绝缘状态综合评估通过关系式Y＝WοR完成，Y表示绝缘状态评估结果，W表示各特征向量的权重，R表示各特征向量的隶属度。式中采用加权平均型的算子，关系式为：The comprehensive evaluation of the insulation state is completed through the relationship Y=WοR, Y represents the evaluation result of the insulation state, W represents the weight of each feature vector, and R represents the degree of membership of each feature vector. A weighted average operator is used in the formula, and the relational formula is:
式中，yi表示绝缘状态评估结果，wi表示各特征向量的权重，rij表示各特征向量的隶属度，即上一步骤获得的；n表示特征向量的个数。In the formula, y i represents the evaluation result of the insulation state, w i represents the weight of each feature vector, r ij represents the membership degree of each feature vector, which is obtained in the previous step; n represents the number of feature vectors.
得出了各参数的最终绝缘评估结果，根据结果判断电缆接头的绝缘状态，实现对电缆接头绝缘状态在线监测评估。The final insulation evaluation result of each parameter is obtained, and the insulation state of the cable joint is judged according to the result, and the online monitoring and evaluation of the insulation state of the cable joint is realized.
本发明研究的城网电缆接头绝缘状态在线监测预警方法及装置，可用于对城网电缆接头绝缘情况进行在线监测。通过实时在线监测电缆接头绝缘状态，可实时了解电缆接头绝缘状态的情况，为电缆的安全、可靠、高效的运行都能提供良好的数据参考，以便工作人员通过监测状态做出合理的处理。同时，后台监控平台支持原始数据的储存扩展，定时记录原始数据，为发生故障后排查原因提供数据支持，以实现电缆的快速检修与更换。The on-line monitoring and early warning method and device for the insulation state of urban network cable joints researched by the invention can be used for on-line monitoring of the insulation conditions of urban network cable joints. By monitoring the insulation status of cable joints online in real time, the insulation status of cable joints can be understood in real time, and good data reference can be provided for the safe, reliable and efficient operation of cables, so that the staff can make reasonable processing through monitoring the status. At the same time, the background monitoring platform supports the storage and expansion of the original data, records the original data regularly, and provides data support for the investigation of the cause after the failure occurs, so as to realize the rapid maintenance and replacement of the cable.
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| CN115327319A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-11 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Method and system for monitoring insulation state of cable intermediate joint |
| CN115406490A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2022-11-29 | 高勘(广州)技术有限公司 | Optical cable pipeline monitoring method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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