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CN105865877A - Non-cohesive soil sample filling mold of geotechnical triaxial test - Google Patents

Non-cohesive soil sample filling mold of geotechnical triaxial test Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105865877A
CN105865877A CN201610368860.XA CN201610368860A CN105865877A CN 105865877 A CN105865877 A CN 105865877A CN 201610368860 A CN201610368860 A CN 201610368860A CN 105865877 A CN105865877 A CN 105865877A
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mold
cohesive soil
triaxial test
soil sample
protrusion
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董建军
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Liaoning Technical University
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Liaoning Technical University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

本发明的目的在于提供一种土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具,以解决现有技术中存在的模具容易变形错动、试样成型困难并且容易变形的问题。本发明公开了一种土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具,包括圆模和卡箍,圆模设置有容纳腔,圆模内壁设置有用于减少局部负压过大的网格纹路,圆模包括第一半圆模和第二半圆模,第一半圆模的端部设置有凸起,第二半圆模的端部设置有与第一半圆模的凸起适配的凹槽,第一半圆模和第二半圆模的端部相抵接,卡箍套装在圆模外用于紧固第一半圆模和第二半圆模。本发明提供的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具的有益效果在于:模具不容易变形错动,试样成型简单和试样成型后不容易变形。

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial testing, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that the mold is easy to deform and move, and the sample is difficult to form and easy to deform. The invention discloses a non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test, which comprises a circular mold and a clamp. The circular mold is provided with an accommodation cavity, and the inner wall of the circular mold is provided with grid lines for reducing excessive local negative pressure. The mold comprises a first semicircle mold and a second semicircle mold, the end of the first semicircle mold is provided with a protrusion, the end of the second semicircle mold is provided with a groove adapted to the protrusion of the first semicircle mold, and the first semicircle The ends of the die and the second semi-circle die are abutted against each other, and the clamp is set outside the round die for fastening the first and second semi-circle dies. The beneficial effect of the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test provided by the invention is that the mold is not easily deformed and shifted, the sample is easily formed and the sample is not easily deformed after forming.

Description

土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具Non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及试验装置领域,尤其涉及一种土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具。The invention relates to the field of test devices, in particular to a non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial tests.

背景技术Background technique

土工三轴试验是测定土抗剪强度的一种方法,试样在某一固定的周围压力下,逐渐增大轴向压力,直至试样破坏,据此可作出莫尔应力圆。同一种土试样分别在不同的周围压力下进行试验,可得到一组莫尔应力圆,作出这些莫尔应力圆的公切线即得到抗剪强度的包络线,由此求得土试样的抗剪强度指标。土工三轴试验需要土试样为标准圆柱型,特别对于无粘性土,由于土颗粒之间粘结能力非常弱,无粘性土在自然状态下难以形成标准圆柱状试样,而试样的制备对试验结果的精度影响很大,因而提出了对无粘性土试样成型模具的需求。Geotechnical triaxial test is a method to measure the shear strength of soil. Under a certain fixed surrounding pressure, the axial pressure of the sample is gradually increased until the sample is destroyed. Based on this, the Mohr stress circle can be drawn. The same soil sample is tested under different surrounding pressures, and a set of Mohr stress circles can be obtained, and the common tangents of these Mohr stress circles can be obtained to obtain the envelope of the shear strength, and thus the soil sample can be obtained index of shear strength. Geotechnical triaxial tests require soil samples to be standard cylindrical, especially for non-cohesive soils. Due to the very weak bonding ability between soil particles, it is difficult for non-cohesive soils to form standard cylindrical samples in the natural state, and the preparation of samples It has a great influence on the accuracy of test results, so the demand for forming molds for cohesive soil samples is put forward.

首先,现有技术中的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具采用的是有机玻璃容器,有机玻璃模具在内外压强差的作用下会出现形变。First of all, the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test in the prior art uses a plexiglass container, and the plexiglass mold will be deformed under the action of the internal and external pressure difference.

其次,现有技术中的有机玻璃模具是对开设计,有机玻璃模具的结合面光滑,无限位设计,因而在装载土样之后玻璃模具容易发生相对错动而导致试样变形,试样成型达不到试验标准。Secondly, the plexiglass mold in the prior art is designed in splits, the joint surface of the plexiglass mold is smooth, and there is no limit design, so after loading the soil sample, the glass mold is prone to relative misalignment, which will cause the sample to deform, and the sample is formed up to Less than the test standard.

再次,有机玻璃模具内表面光滑,试样在负压的情况下,试样不同位置受到的负压强度不一致,导致试样容易变形。Thirdly, the inner surface of the plexiglass mold is smooth, and when the sample is under negative pressure, the intensity of negative pressure received by different positions of the sample is inconsistent, resulting in the sample being easily deformed.

综上所述,现有技术中的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具存在的问题是:模具容易变形错动、试样成型困难并且容易变形。To sum up, the problems existing in the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial testing in the prior art are: the mold is easily deformed and shifted, and the sample is difficult to form and easily deformed.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具,以解决现有技术中存在的模具容易变形错动、试样成型困难并且容易变形的问题。The object of the present invention is to provide a non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial testing to solve the problems in the prior art that the mold is easy to deform and move, and the sample is difficult to form and easy to deform.

本发明公开了一种土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具,包括圆模和卡箍,所述圆模设置有容纳腔,所述圆模内壁设置有用于减少局部负压过大的网格纹路,所述圆模包括第一半圆模和第二半圆模,所述第一半圆模的端部设置有凸起,所述第二半圆模的端部设置有与所述第一半圆模的凸起适配的凹槽,所述第一半圆模和所述第二半圆模的端部相抵接,所述卡箍套装在所述圆模外用于紧固所述第一半圆模和所述第二半圆模。The invention discloses a non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test, which comprises a circular mold and a clamp, the circular mold is provided with an accommodation cavity, and the inner wall of the circular mold is provided with a grid for reducing excessive local negative pressure lines, the round mold includes a first semicircular mold and a second semicircular mold, the end of the first semicircular mold is provided with a protrusion, and the end of the second semicircular mold is provided with a The groove that the protrusion fits, the ends of the first semi-circular mold and the second semi-circular mold abut against each other, and the clip is set outside the circular mold for fastening the first semi-circular mold and the second semi-circular mold. Describe the second semicircle mold.

更进一步地,所述凸起包括第一凸起和第二凸起,所述第一凸起和所述第二凸起对称设置于所述第一半圆模两端部。Furthermore, the protrusion includes a first protrusion and a second protrusion, and the first protrusion and the second protrusion are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the first semicircular mold.

更进一步地,所述凹槽包括第一凹槽和第二凹槽,所述第一凹槽和所述第二凹槽对称设置于所述第二半圆模两端部。Furthermore, the groove includes a first groove and a second groove, and the first groove and the second groove are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the second semicircular mold.

更进一步地,所述第一半圆模和所述第二半圆模均设置有内层和外层,所述第一凸起和所述第二凸起设置于所述第一半圆模的内层上,所述第一凹槽和所述第二凹槽设置于所述第二半圆模的内层上。Furthermore, both the first semicircular mold and the second semicircular mold are provided with an inner layer and an outer layer, and the first protrusion and the second protrusion are arranged on the inner layer of the first semicircular mold Above, the first groove and the second groove are arranged on the inner layer of the second semicircular mold.

更进一步地,所述圆模的上端和下端均套装有卡箍。Furthermore, the upper end and the lower end of the circular die are fitted with clamps.

更进一步地,所述圆模的底部设置有用于搭载所述卡箍的凸台。Furthermore, the bottom of the round mold is provided with a boss for carrying the clamp.

更进一步地,所述第一半圆模的内层的中部设置有集气凹槽,所述集气凹槽中部设置有连通负压控制仪的负压吸气孔。Furthermore, the middle part of the inner layer of the first semi-circular mold is provided with a gas collection groove, and the middle part of the gas collection groove is provided with a negative pressure suction hole connected to a negative pressure controller.

更进一步地,所述网格纹路包括相交的竖直纹路和圆环纹路。Furthermore, the grid pattern includes intersecting vertical patterns and circular patterns.

更进一步地,所述圆环纹路包括从圆模顶端到底端纹路密度依次增大的第一圆环纹路、第二圆环纹路和第三圆环纹路。Furthermore, the circular pattern includes a first circular pattern, a second circular pattern and a third circular pattern whose pattern density increases sequentially from the top to the bottom of the circular mold.

更进一步地,所述圆模由碳钢制成。Furthermore, the circular mold is made of carbon steel.

结合以上技术方案,第一、本发明提供的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具采用的是碳钢材料制成,碳钢材料的强度大且不容易变形;第二、第一半圆模和第二半圆模的端部设置凸起和凹槽,这种榫卯连接的方式能保证土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具在使用过程中不发生形变;第三、由于圆模内部设置有网格状结构,网格状结构有助于圆模内气体的流通,保证圆模内试验样品在不同位置受到的压强均一,使得制得的试样不容易变形,试样成型简单。In conjunction with the above technical solutions, the first, the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test provided by the present invention is made of carbon steel material, which has high strength and is not easily deformed; second, the first semicircular mold and The end of the second semi-circular mold is provided with protrusions and grooves. This mortise and tenon connection can ensure that the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial testing will not be deformed during use; The grid-like structure is conducive to the circulation of gas in the circular mold, ensuring that the test samples in the circular mold are subjected to uniform pressure at different positions, so that the prepared samples are not easily deformed, and the sample forming is simple.

综上所述,本发明提供的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具的有益效果在于:模具不容易变形,试样成型简单和试样成型后不容易变形。In summary, the beneficial effects of the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial testing provided by the present invention are: the mold is not easy to deform, the sample is easy to form and the sample is not easily deformed after forming.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the specific implementation or description of the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description The drawings show some implementations of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative work.

图1为本发明提供的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具的正视图;Fig. 1 is the front view of the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test provided by the invention;

图2为图1的A-A方向的俯视图;Fig. 2 is the top view of A-A direction of Fig. 1;

图3为第一半圆模和第二半圆模的结构示意图;Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the first semicircle mold and the second semicircle mold;

图4为卡箍的结构示意图;Fig. 4 is the structural representation of clip;

图5为网格纹路的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grid pattern.

附图标记reference sign

1-圆模; 2-第一半圆模; 3-第二半圆模;1-circular mold; 2-first semicircular mold; 3-second semicircular mold;

4-凸起; 5-凹槽; 6-卡箍;4-Protrusion; 5-Groove; 6-Clamp;

7-网格纹路; 8-凸台; 9-容纳腔;7-grid texture; 8-boss; 9-accommodating cavity;

21-内层; 22-外层; 41-第一凸起;21-inner layer; 22-outer layer; 41-first protrusion;

42-第二凸起; 51-第一凹槽; 52-第二凹槽;42-the second protrusion; 51-the first groove; 52-the second groove;

71-竖直纹路; 72-圆环纹路; 211-负压吸气孔;71-Vertical lines; 72-Ring lines; 211-Negative pressure suction holes;

212-集气凹槽; 721-第一圆环纹路; 722-第二圆环纹路;212-gas collection groove; 721-the first ring pattern; 722-the second ring pattern;

723-第三圆环纹路。723-Third circular pattern.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, or in a specific orientation. construction and operation, therefore, should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

如图1、图2、图3和图4所示,本发明公开了一种土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具,包括圆模1和卡箍6。卡箍6套装在圆模1上用于紧固圆模1。As shown in Fig. 1 , Fig. 2 , Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 , the present invention discloses a non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test, which includes a round mold 1 and a clamp 6 . The hoop 6 is set on the round die 1 for fastening the round die 1 .

如图4所示,卡箍6设置为由两个半圆环构成的圆环形结构,两个半圆环的一端铰接,两个半圆环可围绕铰接部位转动,两个半圆环另一端通过连接轴螺旋连接并通过连接轴的旋紧或者旋松达到紧固或者松开的效果。圆模1的上端和下端均套装有卡箍6。As shown in Figure 4, the hoop 6 is set to an annular structure consisting of two semi-circular rings, one end of the two semi-circular rings is hinged, the two semi-circular rings can rotate around the hinged position, and the other half of the semi-circular rings One end is helically connected by a connecting shaft, and the effect of fastening or loosening is achieved by tightening or loosening the connecting shaft. Both the upper end and the lower end of the round die 1 are sleeved with clamps 6 .

更进一步地,作为一种具体的可实施方式,其中一个半圆环与连接轴连接的端部开设有螺孔,另一个半圆环与连接轴连接的端部开设有负压吸气孔211。Furthermore, as a specific possible implementation, a screw hole is opened at the end of one semi-circular ring connected to the connecting shaft, and a negative pressure suction hole 211 is opened at the end of the other semi-circular ring connected to the connecting shaft. .

更进一步地,作为一种具体的可实施方式,连接轴上设置有螺纹,连接轴与设置有螺孔的半圆环螺接。Furthermore, as a specific possible implementation manner, the connecting shaft is provided with threads, and the connecting shaft is screwed to the semi-circular ring provided with screw holes.

更进一步地,作为一种具体的可实施方式,连接轴端部设置有把手,把手抵接在开设有负压吸气孔211的半圆环上,连接轴在旋紧的过程中不断向前推进并锁紧两个半圆环。Furthermore, as a specific possible implementation, the end of the connecting shaft is provided with a handle, and the handle abuts against the semi-circular ring with the negative pressure suction hole 211, and the connecting shaft keeps moving forward during the tightening process. Push in and lock both half rings.

更进一步地,作为一种具体的可实施方式,连接轴的把手的中部开设有圆孔,圆孔用于操作者手部持握。Furthermore, as a specific possible implementation manner, a round hole is opened in the middle of the handle connecting the shaft, and the round hole is used for holding by the operator's hand.

更进一步地,作为一种具体的可实施方式,卡箍6为不锈钢材料。Furthermore, as a specific implementation manner, the clip 6 is made of stainless steel.

更进一步地,作为一种具体的可实施方式,连接轴为不锈钢材料。Furthermore, as a specific implementation manner, the connecting shaft is made of stainless steel.

圆模1设置有容纳腔9,容纳腔9用于装载试样,圆模1包括第一半圆模2和第二半圆模,第一半圆模2和第二半圆模的端部相抵接,圆模1的底部设置有用于搭载第二卡箍6的凸台8。第一半圆模2的内层21的中部设置有用于连接负压控制仪的负压吸气孔211。第一半圆模2和第二半圆模均设置有相互卡接的内层21和外层22。The round mold 1 is provided with an accommodating chamber 9, and the accommodating chamber 9 is used for loading samples. The round mold 1 includes a first semicircular mold 2 and a second semicircular mold, and the ends of the first semicircular mold 2 and the second semicircular mold abut against each other. The bottom of the mold 1 is provided with a boss 8 for carrying the second clip 6 . The middle part of the inner layer 21 of the first semicircular mold 2 is provided with a negative pressure suction hole 211 for connecting a negative pressure controller. Both the first semi-circular mold 2 and the second semi-circular mold are provided with an inner layer 21 and an outer layer 22 which are engaged with each other.

凸台8的直径大于圆模1的直径,卡箍6搭接在凸台8上。凸台8设置于圆模1底部的外围,凸台8一方面可以搭载第二卡箍6,另一方面可以稳定土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具,防止土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具倾倒。The diameter of the boss 8 is greater than that of the round die 1 , and the hoop 6 is lapped on the boss 8 . The boss 8 is arranged on the periphery of the bottom of the round mold 1. On the one hand, the boss 8 can carry the second clamp 6, and on the other hand, it can stabilize the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for the geotechnical triaxial test to prevent the non-cohesive soil from being loaded in the geotechnical triaxial test. The sample mold is dumped.

第一半圆模2的内层21和第二半圆模的内层21相抵接,第一半圆模2的外层22和第二半圆模的外层22相抵接,第一半圆模2和第二半圆模的内层21组成封闭的环形,第一半圆模2和第二半圆模的外层22组成封闭的环形。The inner layer 21 of the first semicircle mold 2 abuts against the inner layer 21 of the second semicircle mold, the outer layer 22 of the first semicircle mold 2 and the outer layer 22 of the second semicircle mold abut, the first semicircle mold 2 and the second semicircle mold The inner layer 21 of the semicircular mold forms a closed ring, and the outer layer 22 of the first semicircular mold 2 and the second semicircular mold forms a closed annular.

本发明提供的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具中的圆模1设置外层22和内层21的原因在于:组合使用,方便安装和拆卸,加工简易。The reason why the round mold 1 in the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test provided by the present invention is provided with the outer layer 22 and the inner layer 21 is: combined use, convenient installation and disassembly, and simple processing.

第一半圆模2的端部设置有凸起4,凸起4设置于第一半圆模2的内层21上,第二半圆模的端部设置有与第一半圆模2的凸起4适配的凹槽5。The end of the first semicircle mold 2 is provided with projection 4, and projection 4 is arranged on the inner layer 21 of the first semicircle mold 2, and the end of the second semicircle mold is provided with the projection 4 suitable for the first semicircle mold 2. matching groove 5.

凸起4包括第一凸起41和第二凸起42,第一凸起41和第二凸起42对称设置于第一半圆模2两端部。第一凸起41和第二凸起42设置于第一半圆模2的内层21上,The protrusion 4 includes a first protrusion 41 and a second protrusion 42 , and the first protrusion 41 and the second protrusion 42 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the first semicircular mold 2 . The first protrusion 41 and the second protrusion 42 are arranged on the inner layer 21 of the first semicircular mold 2,

凹槽5包括第一凹槽51和第二凹槽52,第一凹槽51和第二凹槽52对称设置于第二半圆模两端部。第一凹槽51和第二凹槽52设置于第二半圆模的内层21上。The groove 5 includes a first groove 51 and a second groove 52, and the first groove 51 and the second groove 52 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the second semicircular mold. The first groove 51 and the second groove 52 are disposed on the inner layer 21 of the second semicircular mold.

需要说明的是:第一凸起41与第一凹槽51配合,第二凸起42与第二凹槽52配合。圆模1在第一凸起41和第二凸起42分别与第一凹槽51与第二凹槽52配合的情况下,可以避免第一半圆模2和第二半圆模之间的径向运动,保证良好定位。It should be noted that: the first protrusion 41 cooperates with the first groove 51 , and the second protrusion 42 cooperates with the second groove 52 . Round mold 1 can avoid the radial direction between the first semicircle mold 2 and the second semicircle mold under the situation that the first protrusion 41 and the second protrusion 42 cooperate with the first groove 51 and the second groove 52 respectively. movement, ensuring good positioning.

本发明提供的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具设置凸起4和凹槽5的有益效果在于:凸起4和凹槽5的榫接固定,可以保证土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具精确定位,避免土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具在工作过程中发生错动以及变形的情况发生。The non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test provided by the present invention has the beneficial effect of setting protrusions 4 and grooves 5 in that: the protrusions 4 and grooves 5 are fixed by tenon joint, which can ensure the non-cohesive soil sample loading of geotechnical triaxial test The precise positioning of the mold can avoid the misalignment and deformation of the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold in the geotechnical triaxial test during the working process.

需要说明的是:在土工三轴试样中,包裹土试样的乳胶膜套在三轴压力室平台试验底座上,安装三轴试验无粘性土装样模具后,将乳胶膜外翻套于模具上口,装入试验土按试验标准击实制样后,在上部安置试样帽,三轴试验无粘性土装样模具位于试样帽和压力室平台试验底座之间。试样帽上部设置有排水管路及控制阀,压力室底座外侧设置有孔隙水压力传感器和控制阀。在对三轴试验无粘性土装样模具的试验样品进行饱和处理时,首先打开孔隙水压力阀,先通入二氧化碳气体,排净土试样中的空气,然后使无气水从试验样品的底部逐渐流入到上部的试样帽中,浸水完成后,打开位于试样帽上端的排水管阀,使水分排出,饱和试样。在试验样品的顶部设置有用纯水湿润的滤纸和透水石。试样帽和三轴试验土样连接处的缝隙通过橡皮模的紧箍作用密封。压力室平台试验底座与三轴试验土样连接处的缝隙通过橡皮模的紧箍作用密封。It should be noted that in the geotechnical triaxial sample, the latex film covering the soil sample is set on the test base of the triaxial pressure chamber platform. The upper part of the mold is loaded with test soil and compacted according to the test standard for sample preparation, then a sample cap is placed on the upper part, and the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for the triaxial test is located between the sample cap and the test base of the pressure chamber platform. The upper part of the sample cap is provided with a drainage pipeline and a control valve, and the outside of the pressure chamber base is provided with a pore water pressure sensor and a control valve. When saturating the test sample of the non-cohesive soil sample mold in the triaxial test, the pore water pressure valve is first opened, carbon dioxide gas is introduced first, and the air in the soil sample is exhausted, and then the air-free water flows from the bottom of the test sample. Gradually flow into the upper sample cap. After the water immersion is completed, open the drain valve located at the upper end of the sample cap to drain the water and saturate the sample. A filter paper and a water-permeable stone moistened with pure water are arranged on the top of the test sample. The gap between the sample cap and the triaxial test soil sample is sealed by the clamping effect of the rubber mold. The gap between the pressure chamber platform test base and the triaxial test soil sample is sealed by the clamping effect of the rubber mold.

如图1所示,第一半圆模2的内层21在中部设置有用于连通负压控制仪的负压吸气孔211。As shown in FIG. 1 , the inner layer 21 of the first semicircular mold 2 is provided with a negative pressure suction hole 211 in the middle for communicating with a negative pressure controller.

需要说明的是:制样时,必须将包裹土试样的乳胶膜吸附到三轴试验无粘性土装样模具内壁上,以利于盛入试验土及击实制样,为保证吸附紧密贴合,需要用到负压控制仪,负压控制仪的吸嘴设置在第一半圆模2的外层22对应负压吸气孔211的位置上。当对土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具进行抽真空操作时,圆模1内的空气首先通过该负压吸气孔211,再由负压控制仪的吸嘴排出到土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具外部。It should be noted that when preparing samples, the latex film covering the soil sample must be adsorbed to the inner wall of the triaxial test non-cohesive soil sample loading mold, so as to facilitate the filling of the test soil and compact sample preparation. , needs to use the negative pressure controller, the suction nozzle of the negative pressure controller is arranged on the position corresponding to the negative pressure suction hole 211 of the outer layer 22 of the first semicircular mold 2 . When vacuuming the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test, the air in the round mold 1 first passes through the negative pressure suction hole 211, and then is discharged to the geotechnical triaxial test non-cohesive soil by the suction nozzle of the negative pressure controller. Cohesive soil loading mold exterior.

集气凹槽212水平设置于土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具轴向方向的中部。第一半圆模2中部的负压吸气孔211位于集气凹槽212的中部。The air-collecting groove 212 is horizontally arranged in the middle of the axial direction of the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold of the geotechnical triaxial test. The negative pressure suction hole 211 in the middle part of the first semicircular mold 2 is located in the middle part of the air collecting groove 212 .

设置集气凹槽212的原因在于:第一半圆模2中部的负压吸气孔211为土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具的气体出口,在负压吸气孔211附近设置集气凹槽212使乳胶膜与模具之间的空气通过网格凹痕流动到该处集中排出。The reason for setting the gas collection groove 212 is: the negative pressure suction hole 211 in the middle part of the first semicircular mold 2 is the gas outlet of the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for the geotechnical triaxial test, and the gas collection groove is set near the negative pressure suction hole 211 The groove 212 makes the air between the latex film and the mold flow through the grid dents to be discharged there concentratedly.

如图5所示,圆模1内壁设置有用于减少局部负压过大的网格纹路7,网格纹路7包括相交的竖直纹路71和圆环纹路72。As shown in FIG. 5 , the inner wall of the round mold 1 is provided with grid lines 7 for reducing excessive local negative pressure. The grid lines 7 include intersecting vertical lines 71 and circular ring lines 72 .

更进一步地,作为一种具体的可实施方案,网格纹路7设置为网格状的凹痕。Furthermore, as a specific possible implementation, the grid lines 7 are set as grid-shaped indentations.

网格纹路7的主要用途在于:提供土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具中的空气流通的通道。在对土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具中的样品进行反压处理时,土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具中的空气通过第一半圆模2中部的负压吸气孔211排出到土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具外部,此时处于土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具中不同位置的空气压强不均衡,第一半圆模2中部的负压吸气孔211附近的空气可以较快排出,而远离第一半圆模2中部的负压吸气孔211的位置的空气由于缺少必要的流通通道而难以排出,设置有网格纹路7后,气体可以在网格纹路7提供的流通通道内顺利排出到土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具外部,使制得的试验样品受力均匀而保持稳定并不易变形。The main purpose of the grid pattern 7 is to provide passages for air circulation in the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold of the geotechnical triaxial test. When the sample in the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold of the geotechnical triaxial test was subjected to backpressure treatment, the air in the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold of the geotechnical triaxial test was discharged to the Outside the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test, the air pressure in different positions in the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test is not balanced at this time, and the air near the negative pressure suction hole 211 in the middle of the first semicircular mold 2 It can be discharged quickly, but the air far away from the negative pressure suction hole 211 in the middle of the first semicircular mold 2 is difficult to discharge due to the lack of necessary circulation channels. 7. The circulation channel provided is smoothly discharged to the outside of the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test, so that the prepared test sample is evenly stressed and stable and not easily deformed.

圆环纹路72包括从圆模顶端到底端纹路密度依次增大的第一圆环纹路721、第二圆环纹路722和第三圆环纹路72。The circular pattern 72 includes a first circular pattern 721 , a second circular pattern 722 and a third circular pattern 72 whose density increases sequentially from the top to the bottom of the circular mold.

设置第一圆环纹路721、第二圆环纹路722和第三圆环纹路72的原因在于:土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具底部空气比上部的空气多,位于土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具底部的气体难以排出,因而需要设置较为密集的流体通道辅助底部的空气排出,较为合理的设置方式为:从圆模顶端到底端,第一圆环纹路721、第二圆环纹路722和第三圆环纹路72的密度依次增大。The reason for setting the first circular pattern 721, the second circular pattern 722 and the third circular pattern 72 is that the air at the bottom of the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for the geotechnical triaxial test is more than the air at the upper part, which is located in the non-viscous soil of the geotechnical triaxial test. The gas at the bottom of the soil sample mold is difficult to discharge, so it is necessary to set up denser fluid channels to assist the air discharge at the bottom. The more reasonable setting method is: from the top to the bottom of the round mold, the first circular pattern 721, the second circular pattern The densities of 722 and the third ring pattern 72 increase sequentially.

设置竖直纹路的原因在于:圆环纹路72在土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具的轴向方向上排布,圆环纹路之间并没有通道连通,设置竖直纹路71可以连通圆环纹路72。土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具在圆环纹路72和竖直纹路71的共同作用下可实现土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具中气体的快速流通。The reason for setting the vertical lines is that the ring lines 72 are arranged in the axial direction of the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold of the geotechnical triaxial test, and there is no passage between the ring lines, so setting the vertical lines 71 can connect the ring texture72. The non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test can realize the rapid circulation of gas in the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test under the combined action of the ring lines 72 and the vertical lines 71 .

更进一步地,作为一种具体的可实施方式,圆模1由碳钢制成。Furthermore, as a specific implementation manner, the round mold 1 is made of carbon steel.

圆模1由碳钢制成的有益效果在于:传统的玻璃圆模1在土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具内外压强差的作用下容易发生变形,而且强度低。碳钢具有高强度、高韧性和抗腐蚀和优良特点,因而可以适应三轴试样装样模具在各种不同压力下工作的情形。The beneficial effect of the circular mold 1 being made of carbon steel is that the traditional glass circular mold 1 is easily deformed under the action of the pressure difference between the inner and outer molds for non-cohesive soil sample loading in the geotechnical triaxial test, and has low strength. Carbon steel has high strength, high toughness, corrosion resistance and excellent characteristics, so it can adapt to the situation where the triaxial sample loading mold works under various pressures.

采用本发明提供的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具的三轴试验的操作流程如下:The operation process of the triaxial test adopting the geotechnical triaxial test non-cohesive soil loading mold provided by the invention is as follows:

1、配制出500g待用混合砂料,取出试样总质量的四分之一的混合砂料分别放入四个坩埚内与75g水均匀混合成15%含水量的砂料,水由吸耳球均匀滴入坩埚,然后用塑料薄膜封装,保证试样含水率不变。1. Prepare 500g of ready-to-use mixed sand, take out a quarter of the total mass of the sample and put it into four crucibles and mix it with 75g of water to form sand with a water content of 15%. The balls are evenly dropped into the crucible, and then sealed with a plastic film to ensure that the moisture content of the sample remains unchanged.

2、制备用于密封的橡皮膜,橡皮膜设置为圆圈状,橡皮膜轴向方向的长度保留为10mm,保证橡皮膜边缘平整、无锯齿、无倾斜。并裁剪宽度为5mm的橡皮圈,然后进行橡皮膜漏水测试,将橡皮膜一侧用橡皮圈扎紧、向其中注满水后将另一侧也同样用橡皮圈扎紧,双手依次挤压橡皮膜各个方位检测是否漏水,检查完毕后取下橡皮筋放出水并擦拭干净。2. Prepare a rubber film for sealing. The rubber film is set in a circular shape, and the length of the rubber film in the axial direction is kept at 10 mm to ensure that the edge of the rubber film is smooth, without jagged, and without inclination. And cut a rubber ring with a width of 5mm, and then conduct a rubber film leakage test. Tighten one side of the rubber film with a rubber ring, fill it with water, and tie the other side with a rubber ring, and squeeze the rubber with both hands in turn. Check whether there is water leakage in all directions of the membrane. After the inspection, remove the rubber band to release the water and wipe it clean.

3、压力室平台试验底座的侧边缘均匀涂上一层凡士林防止橡皮膜漏气,然后将用蒸馏水湿润过的透水石和滤纸依次放在压力室平台试验底座上,然后将已经准备好的橡皮膜套在压力室底座上,接着用橡皮圈将橡皮膜套在压力室平台实验底座上。经过凡士林和橡皮圈的紧箍作用可以充分保证橡皮膜与试样底座的接触面不漏气。3. The side edge of the pressure chamber platform test base is evenly coated with a layer of Vaseline to prevent the rubber film from leaking, and then the permeable stone and filter paper wetted with distilled water are placed on the pressure chamber platform test base in turn, and then the prepared rubber film Put it on the base of the pressure chamber, and then use a rubber ring to put the rubber film on the test base of the pressure chamber platform. The tightness of the vaseline and the rubber ring can fully ensure that the contact surface between the rubber film and the sample base is airtight.

4、将土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具固定在压力室平台试验底座上,然后把模具上面的橡皮膜拉紧反套在模具上,使模具内部的橡皮膜平整,再用吸球将模具与橡皮膜之间的空气吸出,使二者紧密贴合。4. Fix the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for the geotechnical triaxial test on the test base of the pressure chamber platform, then tighten the rubber film on the mold and put it on the mold to make the rubber film inside the mold flat, and then use the suction ball to The air between the mold and the rubber film is sucked out, so that the two fit tightly.

5、将已准备好的四小份砂料分别用勺子拌匀后缓慢均匀地放入模具内,在试样顶端依次放上用纯水湿润的滤纸和透水石,然后将周围涂有凡士林的试样帽盖在砂料试样上,打开孔隙水压力阀和量管阀,使水缓慢地从试样底部流入,排除试样与橡皮膜之间的气泡,关闭孔隙水压力阀和量管阀。打开排水阀,使试样帽中充水,再将反套在模具上的橡皮膜将其包裹,最后用橡皮圈将其扎紧。试样完成后,用反压控制仪使试样内部形成负压,保证试样拆模后能够站立,然后轻轻将对开模具移除,检测试样的高度与直径是否符合试验要求。5. Mix the prepared four small portions of sand materials with a spoon and put them into the mold slowly and evenly. Put the filter paper and permeable stone moistened with pure water on the top of the sample in turn, and then put the surrounding area coated with petroleum jelly. Put the sample cap on the sand sample, open the pore water pressure valve and the measuring tube valve, let the water flow in slowly from the bottom of the sample, remove the air bubbles between the sample and the rubber film, close the pore water pressure valve and the measuring tube valve. Open the drain valve to fill the sample cap with water, then wrap it with the rubber film that is reversed on the mold, and finally tie it tightly with a rubber ring. After the sample is completed, use a back pressure controller to create a negative pressure inside the sample to ensure that the sample can stand after the mold is removed, and then gently remove the split mold to check whether the height and diameter of the sample meet the test requirements.

本发明提供的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具的有益效果在于:The beneficial effects of the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test provided by the invention are:

第一、由于本发明提供的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具采用的是碳钢材料制成,碳钢材料的强度大且不容易变形,因而三轴试验装样模具不容易变形。First, because the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test provided by the present invention is made of carbon steel material, the strength of carbon steel material is large and not easily deformed, so the sample loading mold for triaxial test is not easy to deform.

第二、由于本发明提供的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具在第一半圆模2和第二半圆模的端部设置凸起和凹槽,这种榫卯连接的方式能保证土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具在使用过程中不发生形变,使得制得的试样不容易变形。Second, since the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test provided by the present invention is provided with protrusions and grooves at the ends of the first semicircle mold 2 and the second semicircle mold, the mode of this mortise and tenon connection can ensure geotechnical triaxial The non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for the axial test does not deform during use, so that the prepared sample is not easily deformed.

第三、由于本发明提供的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具在圆模内部设置有网格状结构,网格状结构有助于圆模1内气体的流通,保证圆模1内的试验样品在不同位置受到的压强均一,制得的试样不容易变形,试样成型简单。The 3rd, because the non-cohesive soil loading mold of geotechnical triaxial test provided by the present invention is provided with grid-like structure inside the round mold, the grid-like structure helps the circulation of gas in the round mold 1, guarantees the air in the round mold 1. The test sample receives uniform pressure at different positions, the prepared sample is not easily deformed, and the sample forming is simple.

综上,本发明提供的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具的有益效果在于:模具不容易变形,试样成型简单和试样成型后不容易变形。In summary, the beneficial effects of the non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial testing provided by the present invention are that the mold is not easily deformed, the sample is easily formed and the sample is not easily deformed after forming.

最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to part or all of them.

Claims (10)

1.一种土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具,其特征在于,包括圆模(1)和卡箍(6),所述圆模(1)设置有容纳腔(9),所述圆模(1)内壁设置有用于减少局部负压过大的网格纹路(7),所述圆模(1)包括第一半圆模(2)和第二半圆模(3),所述第一半圆模(2)的端部设置有凸起(4),所述第二半圆模(3)的端部设置有与所述第一半圆模(2)的凸起(4)适配的凹槽(5),所述第一半圆模(2)和所述第二半圆模(3)的端部相抵接,所述卡箍(6)套装在所述圆模(1)外用于紧固所述第一半圆模(2)和所述第二半圆模(3)。1. a cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test, is characterized in that, comprises round die (1) and clip (6), and described round die (1) is provided with accommodating cavity (9), and described round die (1) is provided with accommodating cavity (9), and The inner wall of the mold (1) is provided with grid lines (7) for reducing excessive local negative pressure. The circular mold (1) includes a first semicircular mold (2) and a second semicircular mold (3). The end of the semicircle mold (2) is provided with a protrusion (4), and the end of the second semicircle mold (3) is provided with a protrusion (4) adapted to the first semicircle mold (2). Groove (5), the ends of the first half-round die (2) and the second half-round die (3) abut against each other, and the clamp (6) is set outside the round die (1) for tight Fixing the first semicircular mold (2) and the second semicircular mold (3). 2.根据权利要求1所述的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具,其特征在于,所述凸起(4)包括第一凸起(41)和第二凸起(42),所述第一凸起(41)和所述第二凸起(42)对称设置于所述第一半圆模(2)两端部。2. geotechnical triaxial test non-cohesive soil sampling mold according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described protrusion (4) comprises first protrusion (41) and second protrusion (42), and described The first protrusion (41) and the second protrusion (42) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the first semicircular mold (2). 3.根据权利要求2所述的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具,其特征在于,所述凹槽(5)包括第一凹槽(51)和第二凹槽(52),所述第一凹槽(51)和所述第二凹槽(52)对称设置于所述第二半圆模(3)两端部。3. geotechnical triaxial test non-cohesive soil sampling mold according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described groove (5) comprises first groove (51) and second groove (52), and described The first groove (51) and the second groove (52) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the second semicircular mold (3). 4.根据权利要求3所述的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具,其特征在于,所述第一半圆模(2)和所述第二半圆模(3)均设置有内层(21)和外层(22),所述第一凸起(41)和所述第二凸起(42)设置于所述第一半圆模(2)的内层(21)上,所述第一凹槽(51)和所述第二凹槽(52)设置于所述第二半圆模(3)的内层(21)上。4. geotechnical triaxial test non-cohesive soil sampling mold according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described first semicircle mold (2) and described second semicircle mold (3) are all provided with inner layer (21 ) and the outer layer (22), the first protrusion (41) and the second protrusion (42) are arranged on the inner layer (21) of the first semicircular mold (2), the first The groove (51) and the second groove (52) are arranged on the inner layer (21) of the second semicircular mold (3). 5.根据权利要求1所述的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具,其特征在于,所述圆模(1)的上端和下端均套装有卡箍(6)。5. The non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test according to claim 1, characterized in that, the upper end and the lower end of the circular mold (1) are all sleeved with clamps (6). 6.根据权利要求1所述的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具,其特征在于,所述圆模(1)的底部设置有用于搭载所述卡箍(6)的凸台。6. The non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test according to claim 1, characterized in that, the bottom of the round mold (1) is provided with a boss for carrying the clamp (6). 7.根据权利要求1所述的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具,其特征在于,所述第一半圆模(2)的内层(21)的中部设置有集气凹槽(212),所述集气凹槽(212)中部设置有连通负压控制仪的负压吸气孔(211)。7. geotechnical triaxial test non-cohesive soil sample loading mold according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the middle part of the inner layer (21) of described first semicircle mold (2) is provided with gas collection groove (212) , the central part of the gas collection groove (212) is provided with a negative pressure suction hole (211) connected to a negative pressure controller. 8.根据权利要求1所述的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具,其特征在于,所述网格纹路(7)包括相交的竖直纹路(71)和圆环纹路(72)。8. The non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test according to claim 1, characterized in that, the grid lines (7) include intersecting vertical lines (71) and ring lines (72). 9.根据权利要求8所述的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具,其特征在于,所述圆环纹路(72)包括从圆模顶端到底端纹路密度依次增大的第一圆环纹路(721)、第二圆环纹路(722)和第三圆环纹路(723)。9. geotechnical triaxial test non-cohesive soil sample loading mold according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described annular grain (72) comprises the first annular grain that increases successively from the top of circular die to the bottom grain density (721), the second circular pattern (722) and the third circular pattern (723). 10.根据权利要求9所述的土工三轴试验无粘性土装样模具,其特征在于,所述圆模(1)由碳钢制成。10. The non-cohesive soil sample loading mold for geotechnical triaxial test according to claim 9, characterized in that, the circular mold (1) is made of carbon steel.
CN201610368860.XA 2016-05-30 2016-05-30 Non-cohesive soil sample filling mold of geotechnical triaxial test Pending CN105865877A (en)

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CN114906442A (en) * 2022-05-17 2022-08-16 中铁上海设计院集团有限公司 Confining pressure type soil sampling box based on screw thread precession
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