CN105863553B - Lower end sealing ring is coated with the packing element, packer and bridge plug of two panels copper sheet - Google Patents
Lower end sealing ring is coated with the packing element, packer and bridge plug of two panels copper sheet Download PDFInfo
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- CN105863553B CN105863553B CN201610443763.2A CN201610443763A CN105863553B CN 105863553 B CN105863553 B CN 105863553B CN 201610443763 A CN201610443763 A CN 201610443763A CN 105863553 B CN105863553 B CN 105863553B
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- sealing ring
- copper sheet
- packing element
- end sealing
- ring
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/128—Packers; Plugs with a member expanded radially by axial pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/1208—Packers; Plugs characterised by the construction of the sealing or packing means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
- E21B33/134—Bridging plugs
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
Abstract
This application involves field of sealing technology, and the packing element, packer and bridge plug of two panels copper sheet are coated with more particularly to the lower end sealing ring that can bear high temperature and pressure used in a kind of oil exploitation industry.Lower end sealing ring described in packing element is coated with the first copper sheet, and first copper sheet coats upper surface, lower surface, medial surface and the lateral surface of the lower end sealing ring；First copper sheet is made of inside copper sheet and outside copper sheet, and the inside copper sheet coats the upper surface of the lower end sealing ring, lower surface, medial surface, and the copper outside suitcase covers upper surface, lower surface and the lateral surface of the lower end sealing ring；And the inside copper sheet and the outside copper sheet are overlapped in the upper and lower surfaces of the lower end sealing ring.The lower end sealing ring of the application is coated with the first copper sheet, reduces or prevents the small molecule of high temperature and high pressure steam to the degradation of packing element, improves the long-term effect of packing element sealing.
Description
Technical field
This application involves field of sealing technology, more particularly to high temperature and pressure can be born used in a kind of oil exploitation industry
Lower end sealing ring is coated with the packing element, packer and bridge plug of two panels copper sheet.
Background technique
Packer is a kind of key tool that oil field well recovers the oil, and is widely used in oil field dispensing, separate zone stimulation, layering are adopted
Several work, the packers such as oil, mechanical pipe water blockoff need to carry out the packing of annular space, to realize that oil gas is layered, and realize annular space
The core component of packing is packing element.Bridge plug is also a kind of tool of oil gas layering generally used in oil extraction operation.Packer and
The main distinction of bridge plug, which is that packer is usually temporary when pressure break, being acidified, looking for the measures such as leakage construction, to be stayed in well, and bridge
Plug is temporarily or permanently stayed in well in measures such as sealing oil recoveries.Packer and central tube stay well simultaneously, mix that give up can
Individually to stay well, and bridge plug is then individually to stay well.Structurally, packer is hollow structure, can flow freely oil gas water,
And in bridge plug it is then solid construction.
As the tool of Oil-gas Separation, packer and bridge plug require packing element, critical component of the packing element as sealing, matter
Amount directly affects the sealing effect and service life of packer and bridge plug, and conclusive effect is played in packer and bridge plug.
Packing element is generally made of rubber type of material, therefore referred to as packing element.But packing element is only a kind of technology art that the interior agreement of industry becomes social custom
Language, for indicating to play the functional parts of sealing function, and referring not only to packing element can only be made by rubber.When packing element bears one
When fixed pressure is used to seal to promote it to deform, need to consider the deformability of packing element itself, if deformation deficiency will lead to it
Sealing function can not be played；If deformation is excessive, it may cause packing element and fail because of conquassation, lose recovery capability.Most of all,
When packing element underground by high-temperature steam act on when, while packing element is more by high temperature and pressure act on and fail cause to lose
Go recovery capability.
" petroleum machinery " of 9th phase in 2002 discloses " packer compresses packing element " protrusion-dispelling " new construction ", has been described
Following content: " so-called protrusion-dispelling exactly places certain blocker ring, supporting element, limits device and guard member etc. in packing element end, uses
Packing element is prominent towards oil sets annular space when organizing and limiting packer setting or flows "." since anti-lug structure is for covering
Annular gap between packer and casing, when packer setting, once packing element deformation is contacted with casing wall, under load acts on outside,
Outburst prevention device prevents packing element towards prominent in this annular space with regard to the unfolded annular space covered between packer and casing wall, forces the packing element to be in
It respectively to uniform compression, generates and keeps the higher contact stress of packing element, to obtain good sealing "." ... mainly have
Copper bowl curing type and steel mesh or two kinds of steel band curing type.The former is that the copper bowl of two 2mm thickness is solidificated in two end packing elements respectively
On a certain end face, the latter is solidificated in the steel mesh of thick 1mm or so or steel band respectively on a certain end face of packing element of two ends ".
Disclose within 2013 first-phase " oil field equipment " text of " packer rubber barrel structure improves and benefit analysis "
The following contents has been described in chapter: " string has 3 packing elements on common packer, is divided into the packing element structure size of upper, middle and lower 3
Identical and upper lower rubber cylinder is long packing element type, middle packing element is 2 kinds of structure types of short rubber cylinder.It is sent out by the research to traditional three packing element structures
Existing, play main seal is upper packing element ".Also, non-linear point is carried out by non linear finite element analysis software Abaqus
Analysis obtains: " as axial load increases, axial compression amount also increases, and decrement increases more apparent when beginning, and subsequent decrement increases
Slow down greatly, packing element deformation tends towards stability；With the increase of setting force, packing element is gradually increased with casing-contact length.Packing element appearance
Cylinder partial limited radial deformation system, packing element inner surface deformation outward bulge as appearance, when load increases, packing element is crushed
And it is compacted finally.But since structure limits, only upper packing element can be compacted.When operating pressure is 30MPa, upper packing element base
This completely densified, there is slight shoulder in packing element upper end, but packing element does not occur and isolates phenomenon, and shoulder is within allowed band ".
Think in " improvement of high-pressure packer cartridge " in the first phase in 2009 " oil field equipment " " due to rubber
Glue surface layer is easy to be torn, therefore considers to add one layer of sheet metal (such as copper sheet) on the surface layer of rubber ".
The above-mentioned prior art, which only analyzes, applies first axis pressure (being equivalent to " axial load ") to the shadow of packing element deformation
It rings.But it in the actual production process, needs to apply packing element first one top-down first axis pressure produce packing element
Raw sealing；Then applying second axial compressive force from bottom to top to packing element again, (substances such as downhole gas rush packing element
It hits).According to the test of inventor, when first axis pressure is 30MPa, inventor has found that almost all of packing element can all occur
Shoulder, when further applying a second axial pressure (such as 15Ma), all packing elements can be generated at shoulder and be isolated, and be caused
Seal failure.
Further, inventor also found, though packing element can seal, but the substances such as downhole gas to packing element impact when,
The small molecule for the high temperature and high pressure steam being contained therein can generate degradation to the packing element of high molecular material, lead to packing element first
It follows the string in lower end and sealing function can not be played, influence the long-term effect of packing element sealing.
Summary of the invention
One of the application is designed to provide a kind of packing element of new structure design, to prevent packing element seal failure.
According to the one aspect of the application, a kind of packing element is provided, there is centrally located through-hole, positioned at the through hole
Inner surface, outer surface corresponding with the inner surface, the upper and lower end and position for being located at the packing element both ends
Middle part between the upper end and the lower end, the upper end are used to bear first axis pressure in axial direction
Power, the lower end are used to bear second axial compressive force opposite with the first axis pressure along the axial direction；When
When the first axis pressure is applied to the upper end, the upper end, middle part and lower end occur in radial direction
Deformation；When second axial compressive force is applied to the lower end, the upper end, middle part and lower end are in the diameter
To direction, deformation occurs, and the packing element is located at the lower end sealing ring of lower end, one by a upper end sealing ring for being located at upper end, one
A above intermediate seal ring between the upper end sealing ring and the lower end sealing ring is arranged in the axial direction
It forms, the upper end sealing ring serves as the upper end, and the lower end sealing ring serves as the lower end, the intermediate seal ring
Serve as the middle part；
Wherein, the lower end sealing ring is coated with the first copper sheet, and first copper sheet coats the lower end sealing ring
Upper surface, lower surface, medial surface and lateral surface；The thickness of first copper sheet is set as, described in the receiving of the upper end
When first axis pressure, deformation occurs and makes to be distributed in the lower end sealing ring in the radial direction for the lower end sealing ring
The first copper sheet on the inner surface can be contradicted with central tube, and be distributed on the outer surface of the lower end sealing ring
First copper sheet can be contradicted with casing；
First copper sheet is made of inside copper sheet and outside copper sheet, and the inside copper sheet coats the lower end sealing ring
Upper surface, lower surface, medial surface, the copper outside suitcase cover upper surface, lower surface and the lateral surface of the lower end sealing ring；And
And the inside copper sheet and the outside copper sheet are overlapped in the upper and lower surfaces of the lower end sealing ring.
Preferably, the inside copper sheet and the outside copper sheet are welded in overlapping.
Preferably, the upper end sealing ring is coated with third copper sheet, and the third copper sheet coats the upper end sealing ring
Lower surface, medial surface, lateral surface and upper surface；The thickness of the third copper sheet is set as, when institute is born in the lower end
When stating the second axial compressive force, the third copper sheet that is coated in the shoulder formed by the upper surface of the upper end sealing ring
It does not rupture.
Preferably, the quantity of the intermediate seal ring is three, wherein intermediate seal ring described in the lowermost and the top
The intermediate seal ring be coated with copper sheet, the intermediate intermediate seal ring does not coat copper sheet.
Preferably, the hardness of the upper end sealing ring is greater than the hardness of the intermediate seal ring, so that the upper end seals
When ring bears the first axis pressure, the intermediate seal ring is greater than the upper end sealing ring in diameter in the deformation of radial direction
Deformation to direction；
The hardness of the lower end sealing ring is greater than the hardness of the intermediate seal ring, so that the lower end sealing ring bears institute
When stating the second axial compressive force, the intermediate seal ring is greater than the lower end sealing ring in radial direction in the deformation of radial direction
Deformation.
Preferably, the hardness of the upper end sealing ring and the lower end sealing ring is essentially identical, so that the upper end seals
When ring bears the first axis pressure, the intermediate seal ring is greater than the upper end sealing ring and institute in the deformation of radial direction
Lower end sealing ring is stated in the deformation of radial direction, and when the lower end sealing ring bears second axial compressive force, it is described in
Between sealing ring in the deformation of radial direction be greater than the upper end sealing ring and the lower end sealing ring in the deformation of radial direction.
Preferably, the intermediate seal ring has colloid and matrix annular in shape, and described matrix is by cross one another resistance to
The plurality of fibers silk of high temperature and pressure forms, and the colloid is bonded each fiber filament, and the colloid is distributed in each base
So that the inside and outside of multiple sealing rings along axial direction arrangement is respectively formed the interior table on the surface of body
Face and outer surface.
Preferably, described matrix is graphite packing or carbon fiber packing or glass fibre packing.
According to further aspect of the application, a kind of packer is provided, which has one of above-mentioned technical proposal institute
The packing element of restriction.
According to another aspect of the application, a kind of bridge plug is provided, which there is one of above-mentioned technical proposal to be limited
Packing element.
Technical solution provided by the present application at least has the following technical effect that
1, according to the technical solution of the application, the hardness of upper end is greater than the hardness of middle part, in this way upper end by
When first axis pressure, upper end is more that the first axis pressure is passed to middle part and lower end not for itself
Radial deformation.It can allow middle part and lower end that radial become occurs when using lesser first axis pressure in this way
Shape, to reach the sealing of packing element entirety.
2, according to the technical solution of the application, in the case where the hardness of middle part is constant, the application is by the hard of upper end
Degree is set greater than the hardness of middle part, and in this way when the first axis pressure by same size acts on, upper end is in radial direction
The deformation in direction is smaller, it is accordingly required in particular to it is noted that the shoulder that correspondingly upper end is formed by radial deformation is also smaller.It is smaller
Shoulder can be effectively prevented packing element and isolate, achieved the effect that prevent packing element seal failure.
3, in one embodiment, due to including plurality of fibers silk, the sealing ring when filametntary quantity is more in matrix
Partially hard, when filametntary negligible amounts, sealing ring is partially soft, thus can adjust sealing ring according to filametntary quantity
Soft or hard degree can be directly changed the hardness of packing element entirety by changing the hardness of sealing ring in this way, reach and increase packing element
The purpose of compression strength range.
4, the matrix of the application has cross one another fiber filament, and each fiber filament is bonded by colloid.When packing element is by first
Axial compressive force and when expanding, fiber filament will limit the expansion, to increase the structural rigidity of packing element on the whole, increase packing element
Compression strength.
5, this application involves multiple sealing ring axial alignments, if there is individual sealing rings to damage during oil exploitation,
The sealing ring of damage can be changed to new sealing ring, and remaining sealing ring is no longer replaced.So on the whole for, increase
Single sealing ring average use duration can greatly reduce the usage amount of packing element, reduce production cost.
6, when the matrix of the application is selected as packing, existing high-temperature and high-presure resistent packing can be selected, in this way, working as glue
When body and graphite packing or carbon fiber plate root are combined into as sealing ring, packing can integrally play a supporting role, and colloid can rise
The effect reinforced to deformation and sealing.The application selects existing packing, and does not have to make the special packing as matrix, energy
Enough flexibilities for increasing production.According to the inventors knowledge, existing graphite packing and carbon fiber packing can be resistant to high temperature and pressure
Effect, but the resilience of graphite packing and carbon fiber packing is poor.In this application, colloidal dispersions are among packing,
Colloid facilitates compressed packing and is sprung back after one axial compressive force disappears, and takes out to be conducive to packing element from underground.
7, the matrix of the application is acted in packing element by first axis pressure so with the radial direction of packing element at angle
When, sealing ring becomes parallel with the radial direction of packing element first, and then sealing ring just carries out radial inwardly or outwardly protrusion.And
In the state that sealing ring is become from heeling condition parallel with radial direction, sealing ring itself can't generate the change of radial direction
Shape, only packing element can generate the deformation of radial direction.In this way, as a whole, the deflection of the radial direction of packing element is increased,
Packing element can be overcome harder and the insufficient defect of radial direction deformation.
8, the lower end sealing ring of the application is coated with the first copper sheet, reduces or prevent the small molecule pair of high temperature and high pressure steam
The degradation of packing element improves the long-term effect of packing element sealing.
Detailed description of the invention
Some specific embodiments of the application are described in detail by way of example and not limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings hereinafter.
Identical appended drawing reference denotes same or similar part or part in attached drawing.In attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is the compression packer comprising packing element of the application one embodiment and the positional relationship of central tube and casing
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the packing element of the application one embodiment and the positional diagram of central tube and casing, wherein only showing
A part of packing element, central tube and casing；
Fig. 3 shows packing element shown in Fig. 2 and is applied the shoulder that generates after first axis pressure and central tube and casing
Positional diagram does not also apply a second axial pressure to packing element at this time；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the packing element of the application one embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the sealing ring of the application one embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of the application one embodiment；
Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of the application another embodiment；
Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of the application further embodiment；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the packing element of the application another embodiment；
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of the packing element of the application further embodiment；
Figure 11 is packing element shown in Fig. 10 by the compressed structural schematic diagram of first axis pressure；
Figure 12 is the structural schematic diagram for the about collar that the application one embodiment is related to；
Figure 13 is the structural schematic diagram comprising the about packing element of collar of the application one embodiment, and it illustrates before compression
The about positional relationship of collar and packing element other parts；
Figure 14 be in Figure 13 packing element by the structural schematic diagram in first axis pressure compression process；
Figure 15 is that packing element is by the compressed structural schematic diagram of first axis pressure in Figure 13, and it illustrates compressed constraints
The positional relationship of set and packing element other parts；
Figure 16 is the structural schematic diagram according to the packing element of the three-stage of the application one embodiment.
Appended drawing reference in figure is as follows:
10- packing element, the outer surface 101-, 102- inner surface, 103- through-hole, the upper end 104-, 105- middle part, the lower end 106-
Portion, 107- shoulder；
108- matrix, 109- colloid, the first copper sheet of 111-, copper sheet on the inside of 111a-, copper sheet on the outside of 111b-, 111c- opening,
The second copper sheet of 112-, 113- third copper sheet；
20- about collar, 21- necking end, 22- flared end；
30- central tube；
40- casing；
50- rigidity spacer ring；
60- protrusion；
70- sealing ring, the upper end 71- sealing ring, 72- intermediate seal ring, the lower end 73- sealing ring；
200- compression packer；
A- first axial direction；
The second axial direction of B-；
F1First axis pressure；
F2- the second axial compressive force.
Specific embodiment
Direction "upper" described below, "lower" are using Fig. 2 as with reference to describing.
Compression packer 200 as shown in Figure 1 has the packing element 10 of the application.During compression packer 200 is connected to
It is placed on heart pipe 30 in casing 40.The needs of compression packer 200 separate different oil reservoirs, water layer and hold in the wellbore
By certain pressure difference, it is desirable that pit shaft predetermined position can be descended, packing is tight, and can have durability in underground, can be smooth when needing
It rises.
As shown in Fig. 2, packing element 10 is located in the annular space that casing 40 and central tube 30 form, rigid spacer ring 50 is in axial direction
The first axis pressure F of (i.e. first axial direction A) from top to bottom is provided on direction1, can also remove in other embodiments
Rigid spacer ring 50 and by can to packing element 10 apply first axis pressure F1Other components replace.As shown in Fig. 2, 10 liang of packing element
End is upper end 104 and lower end 106, and middle part 105 is between upper end 104 and lower end 106.Upper end 104 is used for
Bear first axis pressure F in axial direction1, lower end 106 be used for bear in axial direction with first axis pressure F1Phase
The second anti-axial compressive force F2.As a part of packing element 10, upper end 104, lower end 106 and middle part 105 should have
It is flexible.As the restriction of a kind of explanation and elastic size to elasticity, as first axis pressure F1It is applied to upper end 104
When, in radial direction, deformation occurs for upper end 104, middle part 105 and lower end 106；As the second axial compressive force F2It is applied to
When lower end 106, in radial direction, deformation occurs for upper end 104, middle part 105 and lower end 106.Implementation shown in Fig. 2
In example, upper end 104 and lower end 106 all have bevel edge, can also be not provided with the bevel edge in other embodiments.
As shown in figure 3, inventors have found that when upper end 104 is by first axis pressure F1When, upper end 104 can generate
Very big shoulder 107, when applying a second axial pressure F again2When, upper end 104 can isolate at the shoulder 107 in Fig. 3.
The structure of shoulder 107 is reduced or prevented to design to describe the application below.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the generally tubular of packing element 10, packing element 10 have centrally located through-hole 103, the through-hole
103 are limited by inner surface 102 and are formed, and outer surface 101 is located at the outside of through-hole 103 corresponding with inner surface 102.When
One axial compressive force F1Upper end 104 or the second axial compressive force F are acted on along first axial direction A2It is acted on along the second axial direction B
When lower end 106,10 entirety of packing element will be axially compressed and be radially expanded and (have with " deformation occurs in radial direction "
Have identical meaning), promote 101 outwardly convex of outer surface and inner surface 102 is inwardly protruding, but is generally outer in timing
The first partly outwardly convex in surface 101.Applying first axis pressure F1Afterwards, the central tube in inner surface 102 and Fig. 1 and Fig. 2
30 sealings, outer surface 101 are sealed with the casing 40 in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.Generally, the gap between inner surface 102 and central tube 30
Smaller (being almost bonded to each other), and the gap between outer surface 101 and casing 40 is larger, since central tube 30 and casing 40 are distinguished
The maximum raised size of inner surface 102 and outer surface 101 is defined, so leading to 101 outwardly convex of outer surface
Degree is greater than the inwardly protruded degree of inner surface 102.
As described above, upper end 104, lower end 106 and middle part 105 should have elasticity, but in Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 institute
Show in embodiment, the hardness of upper end 104 is greater than the hardness of middle part 105.So first axis pressure F is born in upper end 1041
When, middle part 105 is greater than upper end 104 in the deformation of radial direction in the deformation of radial direction.
Since the hardness of upper end 104 is greater than the hardness of middle part 105, in this way in upper end 104 by first axis pressure
Power F1When, upper end 104 is more by first axis pressure F1Middle part 105 and lower end 106 are passed to not for certainly
The radial deformation of body.Lesser first axis pressure F can used in this way1When middle part 105 and lower end 106 can be allowed to send out
Raw radial deformation, to reach the whole sealing of packing element 10.Inventor in experiments it is found that, if the hardness of upper end 104 is little
In the hardness of middle part 105, then upper end 104 is by first axis pressure F1When, it is more the radial direction change for itself
Shape rather than pass to middle part 105 and lower end 106, prevent or reduce shoulder 107 as shown in Figure 3.
According to the technical solution of the application, in the case where the hardness of middle part 105 is constant, the application is by upper end 104
Hardness be set greater than the hardness of middle part 105, in this way in the first axis pressure F by same size1When effect, upper end
Portion 104 is smaller in the deformation of radial direction, it is accordingly required in particular to it is noted that correspondingly upper end 104 is formed because of radial deformation
Shoulder 107 is also smaller.Lesser shoulder 107 can be effectively prevented packing element 10 and isolate, and having reached prevents 10 seal failure of packing element
Effect.
Since the radial deformation of upper end 104 is smaller, it is likely that ground, at this time upper end 104 radial direction deformation
Casing 40 and central tube 30 are sealed through deficiency, that is to say, that upper end 104 will no longer play sealing function at this time, and be only
The first axis pressure F being subject to1Middle part 105 and lower end 106 are passed to, this is the packing element 10 and the prior art of the application
Packing element a critically important difference.Moreover, even if the radial deformation of upper end 104 is larger by casing 40 and center
Pipe 30 seal, the sealing of upper end 104 at this time be also only to the packing element 10 sealing one supplement, no matter upper end 104 whether
Play sealing function, 104 hardness of upper end is greater than the setting of 105 hardness of middle part, it is therefore prevented that shoulder 107 it is excessive caused by
Packing element 10 isolates, and can also use lesser first axis pressure F1Packing element 10 is sealed.
According to the technical solution of the application, in the case where the hardness of middle part 105 is constant, the application is by upper end 104
Hardness be set greater than the hardness of middle part 105, but upper end 104 in this way is in first axis pressure F1It may be simultaneously under effect
It is not contacted with casing 40 and does not play sealing function.It is hard when lower end 106 and middle part 105 under this kind of special construction
When spending essentially identical, the sealing of the packing element of the application is provided by lower end 106 and middle part 105；When lower end 106 and upper end
When the hardness in portion 104 is essentially identical, the sealing of the packing element of the application is provided by middle part 105.The packing element 10 of the application in this way
It is entirely different in the structure to seal with the packing element of the prior art.
As a preferred embodiment, when the inner wall of the outer wall of upper end 104 and casing 40 is inconsistent, be more preferably on
When the outer wall of end 104 and the inner wall of casing 40 seal, the basic homalographic in the lower part of upper end 104 it is covered in middle part at this time
Difference in the radial direction is substantially not present in 105 top, upper end 104 and middle part 105, so as to middle part 105 with
104 junction of upper end generate it is downward compress effect, prevent or reduce middle part 105 and the appearance of 104 junction of upper end
Shoulder.
If " being as described above more by first axis pressure F to reach1Pass to middle part 105 and lower end
Radial deformation of the portion 106 not for itself " and upper end 104 do not generate the effect of shoulder 107, can be used on-deformable
Metal block, such as iron block.If the diameter of metal block is smaller, bigger shoulder can be generated with the middle part 105 of metal block contact
107, if metal block is relatively large in diameter, consider the bending situation of casing 40, metal block is not easy to slide into conjunction in casing 40
Suitable position, and biggish metal block is also not easy to detach out of casing if entering foreign matter in casing 40.On the other hand,
Lifting force is smaller, cannot detach metal block out of casing 40, lifting force is larger, may damage casing 40.Comprehensively consider, this
Apply for that the upper end 104 used has elasticity, but the elasticity to upper end 104 is needed to be defined, is i.e. the hardness of upper end 104
Greater than the hardness of middle part 105, the diameter that such upper end 104 can be done is smaller, convenient in set in-pipe, such as upper end
104 can be identical as the diameter of middle part 105.Since upper end 104 is harder, its own is not easy to form shoulder 107 or be formed
Shoulder 107 it is smaller, due to compression when upper end 104 radial direction gradually extensional and deformation occurs, reduce
Gap between end 104 and casing 40, thus reduce or prevent middle part 105 shoulder formation and formation size.
In one embodiment, the hardness of lower end 106 is greater than the hardness of middle part 105, so that lower end 106 bears the
Two axial compressive force F2When, middle part 105 is greater than lower end 106 in the deformation of radial direction in the deformation of radial direction.Based on same
The principle of sample, such structure can prevent lower end 106 from bearing first axis pressure F1Or the second axial compressive force F2When produce
Raw shoulder, and can prevent lower end 106 from further bearing the second axial compressive force F under the case where having generated shoulder2
Shi Zaocheng shoulder becomes larger, to prevent lower end 106 from being isolated and causing 10 seal failure of packing element.
In another embodiment, upper end 104 and the hardness of lower end 106 are essentially identical, that is to say, that upper end
104 are all larger than the hardness of middle part 105 with the hardness of lower end 106, so no matter by first axis pressure F1Or second
Axial compressive force F2When, the deformation of middle part 105 is all larger than upper end 104 and lower end 106.Such structure can make middle part
105 quickly reach sealing state, and prevent upper end 104 and lower end 106 shoulder occurs or prevent upper end 104 with
The shoulder that lower end 106 has generated becomes larger.
In embodiment as shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, packing element 10 is by upper end 104, lower end 106 and middle part 105 3
It is grouped as.By taking Fig. 4 as an example, on first axial direction A, that is, on top-down direction, three sealing rings 70 are respectively
Upper end sealing ring 71, intermediate seal ring 72 and the underlying lower end sealing ring 73 being located above.Upper end sealing ring 71 serves as
Upper end 104, intermediate seal ring 72 serve as middle part 105, and lower end sealing ring 73 serves as lower end 106.Embodiment shown in Fig. 9
In, the quantity of the intermediate seal ring 72 between upper end sealing ring 71 and lower end sealing ring 73 is three.In Figure 10 and Figure 11
In illustrated embodiment, the quantity of intermediate seal ring 72 is nine.In other embodiments, the quantity of intermediate seal ring 72 can be with
It is set as other quantity.
Come the shape and structure that specifically describe sealing ring 70 below.
It is during the test inventors have found that soft or hard variant due to packing element 10, for example, the glue made by polyether-ether-ketone
Cylinder 10 is harder, and packing element 10 is made to reach the first axis pressure F for setting needs1It is larger in other words in the first axis pressure of nominal amount
Power F1Lower rubber cylinder 10 deforms deficiency, causes packing element 10 that can not play sealing function.When packing element 10 is made using softer colloid,
The packing element 10 again can be because of the first axis pressure F of unbearable firmly nominal amount1And it is crushed or even if is able to bear
One axial compressive force F1But it is being subsequently subjected to the second axial compressive force F2When packing element can also be crushed.
Inventor once adulterates multiple high temperature high voltage resistants being separated from each other during solution packing element 10 is softer in colloid
Fiber filament, such as graphite packing silk, glass fiber.It is whole partially that such structure is able to solve packing element 10 to a certain extent
Soft problem.But although inventor it has furthermore been found that doping fiber filament be each connected with colloid, each fiber filament
Between be not connected to or connect substantially it is less, so the hardness of packing element 10 can only be increased very limitedly.So inventor devises
The following technical solution: as shown in figure 5, forming a matrix 108 using cross one another plurality of fibers silk, and make colloid 109
It is distributed on the surface of matrix 108 and is bonded each fiber filament to form sealing ring 70, the sealing ring 70 of this spline structure has in diameter
To the ductility in direction, in other words, enable sealing ring 70 straight in a certain range due to the mutual tied up in knots of each fiber filament
Diameter becomes larger without fracture (mainly filametntary fracture), cross one another during 70 diameter of sealing ring becomes larger
Fiber filament will offset a part of first axis pressure F for promoting its diameter to become larger1, thus to increase the diameter of sealing ring 70
Greatly to a certain extent, it is desirable to provide bigger first axis pressure F1.Especially, colloid 109 by the fiber filament of each intersection tightly
Ground links together, to increase the diameter of sealing ring 70 to a certain extent, it is necessary to bigger first axis pressure F1。
For conclusion, each fiber filament intersects to form a resistance, and each fiber filament is bonded and forms a resistance again by colloid 109,
Under the action of the two resistances, the whole more difficult compression of packing element 10, this is equivalent to, and packing element 10 is whole to be hardened.When sealing ring 70
When filametntary quantity in certain volume is roughly the same, inventor's discovery can adjust phase by changing the thickness of sealing ring
The filametntary quantity mutually intersected, and then required first axis pressure F can be adjusted1Size be applied to setting for packing element 10
The size of power.Likewise it is possible to which the filametntary quantity in the certain volume for passing through increase sealing ring 70 intersects to adjust
Filametntary quantity, and then can also adjust required first axis pressure F1Size.The upper end that above two mode makes
Sealing ring 71 can make the hardness of upper end sealing ring 71 be greater than the hardness of intermediate seal ring 72.
Fig. 5 is returned to, for the clear needs in structure, Fig. 5 illustrates only the colloid for being coated on 108 all surface of matrix
109, and the colloid 109 penetrated into inside matrix 108 is not shown.As an explanation to surface herein, such as when matrix 108
When cross section is round, the colloid 109 in Fig. 5 is located on the periphery of matrix 108.Matrix 108 is by more high temperature resistant height in Fig. 5
The fiber filament of pressure is polymerized, such as fiber filament can be other high-temperature and high-presure resistent materials such as glass fibre or carbon fiber.
In one embodiment, each fiber filament longitude and latitude is woven together and forms matrix 108, it is other be each fiber in embodiment
Silk can also be woven together in other ways and form matrix 108.
Through narration above it is found that in the technical solution of the application, not necessarily need the fiber filament that there is elasticity,
This is because the contraction and expansion of packing element 10 are completed by colloid 109.Described above, colloid 109 is distributed in the table of each matrix 108
Each fiber filament is simultaneously bonded by face and inside.It is desired that colloid 109 is bonded every fiber filament, and each fiber filament is handed over
Bond together to fork.
The copper sheet coated on packing element 10 is described in detail below.
Inventors have found that can be played if packing element 10 selects suitable material close after solving the problems, such as shoulder 107
Envelope effect, but by very short time (such as six hours) packing element 10 or meeting seal failure in the environment of high temperature and pressure, it is right
The packing element 10 of failure is researched and analysed, and discovery packing element does not fail because of the rupture of shoulder 107 instead of more, because of packing element
It festers and fails in 10 lower end 106.After study, small point of the high temperature and high pressure steam being contained in downhole gas that festers
Son can generate caused by degradation the packing element of high molecular material.After packing element 10 seals, the only lower surface of lower end 106 and well
Spirit body directly contacts, so that packing element 10 be caused to degrade from the bottom up failure.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, sealing ring 70 is coated with the first copper sheet 111,111 cladding sealing ring of the first copper sheet
70 lower surface (lower portion), medial surface (left-hand component), lateral surface (right-hand component).As can be seen that the first copper sheet 111 tool
There are opening 111c, opening 111c to be located at the upper surface of sealing ring 70, and extends along the upper surface of sealing ring 70.Implement at one
In example, an aperture can also be shrunk to along the upper surface of sealing ring 70 referring to Fig. 5, the 111c that is open.Be open 111c or aperture
Design, be to be flowed out for gas remaining in sealing ring 70 in order in the case where high temperature and pressure, in the sealing ring of top setting
The gas of high temperature and pressure can also be prevented to flow into when the aperture is compressed from the aperture.In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, opening 111c will
The covering of second copper sheet 112, also can be used the second copper sheet 112 to cover opening 111c in other embodiments.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 7, sealing ring 70 is coated with third copper sheet 113,113 cladding sealing ring 70 of third copper sheet
Lower surface, medial surface, lateral surface and upper surface.When the first copper sheet 111 is also coated on the upper surface of lower end sealing ring 73,
The shape of first copper sheet is identical as third copper sheet 113.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 8, sealing ring 70 is coated with inside copper sheet 111a and outside copper sheet 11b, inside copper sheet
A part of lower surface of 111a cladding sealing ring 70, whole medial surfaces (left-hand component) and a part of upper surface.Outside copper sheet
A part of lower surface of 11b cladding sealing ring 70, whole lateral surfaces (right-hand component) and a part of upper surface.And inside
Copper sheet 111a and outside copper sheet 11b has the part for the superposition that overlaps in upper and lower surfaces.
Referring to Fig. 9, packing element 10 has 71, lower end sealing rings 73 of a upper end sealing ring and three intermediate seal rings
72.In this embodiment, lower end sealing ring 73 can be coated with the copper sheet of the such structure of Fig. 6, Fig. 7 or Fig. 8.In this way, in Fig. 9 institute
After the packing element 10 that shows seals, can prevent the small molecule of high temperature and high pressure steam to the lower surface of lower end sealing ring 73 cause corrosion and
Degradation.Further, since lower end sealing ring 73 is only contradicted with central tube 30 and casing 40, slight sealing function is only played,
It is likely that there are gap between lower end sealing ring 73 and casing 40, so being also required to cover on the lateral surface of lower end sealing ring 73
Copper sheet.Since the upper surface of lower end sealing ring 73 is compressed by the lower surface of the lowermost intermediate seal ring 72, completely cut off and high temperature
The direct contact of the small molecule of high steam, from this from the aspects of, the upper surface of lower end sealing ring 73 do not need covering copper
Skin.But if the upper surface of lower end sealing ring 73 does not cover copper sheet, the opening of copper sheet is necessarily located at lower end sealing ring 73
On lateral surface, in this way in packing element 10 by compression and during radial deformation, the opening of copper sheet can be to lower end sealing ring 73 itself
Or the generation of the lowermost intermediate seal ring 72 is isolated, thus in the embodiment shown in fig. 6, opening 111c is located on upper surface, is
It is further completely cut off directly contacted with the small molecule of high temperature and high pressure steam, opening 111c covers the second copper sheet 112.Fig. 8
In inside copper sheet 111a and outside copper sheet 11b be "u"-shaped, during installation can be first by inside copper sheet 111a from inside
Surface cover is located on sealing ring 70, is set on sealing ring 70 and sections inner side copper sheet 111a from lateral surface by outside copper sheet 11b, this
Copper sheet can be conveniently mounted on sealing ring 70 by the structure of sample, improve installation effectiveness.For upper end sealing ring 71,
Structure after upper end sealing ring 71 is combined with copper sheet can be Fig. 6, Fig. 7 or structure shown in Fig. 8.When for structure shown in fig. 6
When, it needs to rotate the first copper sheet 111 and the second copper sheet 112 180 degree and comes using the 111c that is open at this time is by the centre of the top
The upper surface of sealing ring 72 is pressed against, and such structure can prevent upper end sealing ring 71 from opening when by first axis pressure F1
Mouth 111c opens.By being used separately as the narration of upper end sealing ring 71 and lower end sealing ring 73 to structure shown in Fig. 6, it is known that
Opening 111c should all be pressed against by adjacent sealing ring, prevent from opening when by first axis pressure F1 or the second axial compressive force F2
Mouth 111c opens.Structure in Fig. 7 is welded again at gap to realize after being coated sealing ring 70 by using copper sheet.
Structure in Fig. 8, why by the lap of inside copper sheet 111a and outside copper sheet 11b be set to 70 upper surface of sealing ring and
Lower surface, the reason is that, when inside copper sheet 111a and outside copper sheet 11b lap be set to sealing ring 70 medial surface or
When lateral surface, into first axis pressure F1 or the second axial compressive force F2 compression process, adjacent sealing ring may be produced
The raw effect of isolating, and lap is set to the upper and lower surfaces of sealing ring 70, and adjacent sealing ring can be to overlapping portion
Divide and squeeze, has further completely cut off and contacted with the direct of the small molecule of high temperature and high pressure steam.Inside copper sheet 111a and outside in Fig. 8
Structure shown in fig. 7 can be formed after the overlapping welding of copper sheet 11b.
By taking Fig. 9 as an example, the structure of lower end sealing ring 71 and copper sheet is as shown in fig. 6, when upper end sealing ring 71 bears first axle
To pressure F1When, first axis pressure F1Downwards transmitting and cause lower end sealing ring 73 in radial direction deformation occurs, be distributed in this way
The first copper sheet 111 on the inner surface of lower end sealing ring 73 can be contradicted with central tube 30, be distributed in the appearance of lower end sealing ring 73
The first copper sheet 111 on face can be contradicted with casing 40, this can be configured to realize by the thickness to the first copper sheet 111,
And the sealing ring 70 and central tube 30 and casing 40 for not coating copper sheet at this time seal respectively.In one embodiment, the first bronze medal
Skin 111 with a thickness of 1mm.When the structure of upper end sealing ring 71 and copper sheet as shown in fig. 7, lower end sealing ring 71 bears second axially
Pressure F2When, the third copper sheet 113 being coated in the shoulder formed by the upper surface of upper end sealing ring 71 does not rupture.This can
To be configured to realize by the thickness to third copper sheet 113, in one embodiment, third copper sheet 113 with a thickness of
1mm。
It needs to be emphasized that 70 outer cladding copper sheet of sealing ring, to realize sealing ring 70 and central tube 30 and casing
The sealing of 40 sealing, i.e. metal and metal then needs very big pressure.In embodiments herein, including one not
The sealing ring of copper sheet is coated, this sealing ring is normally at centre, such as is located at three intermediate seals in the embodiment shown in fig. 9
Intermediate seal ring 72 among ring 72 does not just coat copper sheet, and any intermediate seal ring 72 does not coat in the embodiment shown in fig. 10
Copper sheet.The sealing ring 70 for not coating copper sheet plays main sealing function, and lower end sealing ring 71 prevents most high temperature and pressure
Steam, the lowermost intermediate seal ring 72 further prevents a part of high temperature and high pressure steam, in this way among arrival the lowermost
The high temperature and high pressure steam of sealing ring 72 is just considerably less, is effectively reduced high temperature and high pressure steam to intermediate intermediate seal ring 72
Corrosion and degradation, extend the sealing duration of packing element 10.The quantity for not coating the intermediate seal ring 72 of copper sheet can be with
Two or more is set as needed.It when upper end sealing ring 71 is coated with copper sheet, is mainly prevented or shoulder 107, is asked with copper sheet
Referring to " structure of shoulder 107 is reduced or prevented to design " above.
Referring to Figure 10, two ends 104,105 of packing element 10 can be by colloid 109 come levelling.Each sealing ring 70 is whole
It goes up annular in shape and extends along the axial direction of packing element 10.When the thickness of the colloid 109 between adjacent base 108 is identical, energy
It is enough to make the hardness in same area of packing element 10 essentially identical as much as possible, it prevents 10 unbalance stress of packing element and is locally occurring
It collapses.But when as shown in figure 16, when packing element 10 is three-stage, each section of packing element all can be an individual packing element, this
Packing element 10 shown in master drawing 16 is equivalent to be spliced in the axial direction by three mutually independent packing elements.Figure 16 is only with glue
As an example for three-stage, packing element can also have other sections, such as two sections or five sections to cylinder 10 in other embodiments.It needs
Illustrate, in one embodiment of the application, rigid spacer ring 50 can also be used between each sealing ring shown in Fig. 9,
Inventors have found that serious can influence to offset with it when the copper sheet of sealing ring 70 and cladding has part to protrude or part is harder
The deformation of the sealing ring of touching.And the upper and lower surfaces that rigid spacer ring 50 can equably contact it apply pressure, prevent from sealing
Surface or lower surface become uneven to ring 70 on it when by axial compressive force due to rigidity unevenness, and prevent close
The upper surface or lower surface of the sealing ring adjacent to its because of rigidity unevenness of seal ring 70 are caused uneven.
Due to being mixed with fiber filament in colloid 109, when packing element 10 is by first axis pressure F1Or the second axial compressive force F2And
When radial direction expands (inwardly or outwardly), fiber filament will limit the expansion, so that the structure for increasing packing element 10 on the whole is hard
Degree increases the compression strength of packing element 10.Especially, when matrix 108 is circular, when sealing ring 70 is by first axis pressure F1
Or the second axial compressive force F2When, each 70 stress of sealing ring is relatively uniform, it is therefore prevented that the partial collapse of packing element 10.Also, at this
In one embodiment of application, the thickness of the colloid 109 between adjacent matrix 108 is identical, this ensures that by first
Axial compressive force F1Or the second axial compressive force F2The sealing ring 70 of effect equably hands on power, it is therefore prevented that sealing ring 70 it is each
Part unbalance stress and be crushed.
Referring to Figure 10, the axial direction for each sealing ring 70 that each sealing ring 70 is bonded and is bonded each other by colloid 109
The sum of length be equal to the length of through-hole 103, to form multiple seal sections.Matrix 108 with a thickness of 1.8cm- in Fig. 5
2.5cm, it is 2-12 that quantity, which can choose,.There are 5 sealing rings 70 in the embodiment shown in fig. 9, the quantity of matrix 108 is also
5.Filametntary diameter is selected as 7-30 μm, thus can be on a sealing ring 70 with the fiber filament of substantial amounts, energy
Greatly improve the hardness of packing element 10.According to the test of inventor, the thickness of matrix 108 no more than 2cm to be advisable.This be because
To form sealing ring 70 inventors have found that needing to penetrate into the glue for forming colloid 109 in matrix 108, but with matrix
The permeating speed of the increase glue of 108 thickness will be gradually slack-off.Especially glue seeps after the thickness of matrix 108 is greater than 2.5cm
The speed entered will be very slow.So in one embodiment, each matrix 108 with a thickness of 2cm, in other embodiments
It can be 1.8cm or 2.5cm.
Referring to Figure 10 and Figure 11, Figure 10 and Fig. 1 integrally show the deformation of packing element 10 when by first axis pressure F1
Journey.For the packing element 10 shown in Figure 10, there is colloid 109 between adjacent sealing ring 70, be not affected by first axis in packing element 10
Pressure F1When, each sealing ring 70 is with the radial direction of packing element 10 at angle β, and β is 10 ° of angles in Figure 10.In other embodiments
In, β can also be 5 ° of angles or 45° angle.The reason of β is arranged in the application be, when sealing ring 70 it is whole harder and by specified
The first axis pressure F of size1And cause packing element 10 deform it is insufficient and when can not play sealing function, sealing ring 70 first from glue
The radial direction that the radial direction of cylinder 10 becomes sealing ring 70 and packing element 10 at angle β is horizontal, and then carries out again radial convex
It rises, such structure can be improved the deformation extent of packing element 10.In the embodiment shown in fig. 9, first axle is not affected by packing element 10
To pressure F1When, each sealing ring 70 is parallel with the radial direction of packing element 10.As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 9 and packing element shown in Fig. 10 10
By first axis pressure F1When, shorten in the axial direction, and expanded in radial direction, then again in lower end sealing ring 73
Place applies a second axial pressure F2。
In one embodiment of the application, matrix 108 is graphite packing or carbon fiber packing.Packing (packing) leads to
It is often woven by relatively soft thread, usual sectional area is square or rectangular, circle.In one embodiment, base
The cross section of body 108 is quadrangle, such as square.In other embodiments, the cross section of matrix 108 may be circle.
The about collar 20 of packing element 10 is described in detail below.
With reference to Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 14 and Figure 15, as shown in figure 12, it is in flared that about collar 20 is whole, with flared end
22 and necking end 21.It is set on upper end 104 and lower end 106 referring to the flared end 22 of Figure 13, about collar 20, in other realities
It applies in example, flared end 22 can also be only set on one of upper end 104 and lower end 106, mainly depend on that the end is
The no deformation that needs restraint is excessive to prevent from deforming in compression process.In Figure 13-Figure 15, about the quantity of collar 20 is two,
The flared end 22 of one of them about collar 20 is set in upper end 104, and the flared end 22 of another about collar 20 is set in lower end
In portion 106.Referring to Figure 14, the about separate upper ends 104 or lower end 106 for being flared end 22 and being arranged of the necking end 21 of collar 20
For bearing from axial pressure.In figs. 13 and 14, needs only clear in structure and show schematically about collar
20 and 10 other parts of packing element positional relationship, in fact, about collar 20 is combined closely with the end of packing element 10, i.e., both
Between contact with each other.It can be seen from fig. 15 that bearing first axis pressure F1Afterwards, about collar 20 is whole cylindrical.Also,
The about flared end 22 of collar 20 and the diameter of necking end 21 is essentially identical, and the diameter of the two is identical as the internal diameter of casing 40,
The outer surface 101 of packing element 10 and casing 40 seal at this time, and the inner surface 102 of packing element 10 and central tube 30 seal.
The effect of about collar 20 is extremely important in this application, this is because the axial setting of the sealing ring 70 of the application,
And to 70 generation of sealing ring effect and from axial direction pressure.So, it is however very well possible to ground, positioned at the upper end at 10 both ends of packing element
Sealing ring 71 and lower end sealing ring 72 can be because of first axis pressure F1Or the second axial compressive force F2Effect and radial direction in
Heart pipe 30 and casing 40 contact in advance, cause intermediate seal ring 72 that can not generate radial protrusion because stress is too small.Pass through constraint
Set 20 can make the protrusion in advance of intermediate seal ring 72 in the constraint of end first, when intermediate sealing ring 72 is by central tube 30 and set
After pipe 40 limits, upper end sealing ring 71 and lower end sealing ring 72 occur again radial protrusion and with moving constraint set 20 generate Figure 13,
The such deformation of Figure 14 and Figure 15.Or make the protrusion in advance of intermediate seal ring 72 first, and in the process, upper end sealing ring 71
Radial protrusion also occurs with lower end sealing ring 72 and generates with moving constraint set 20 to deform as Figure 13, Figure 14 and Figure 15.It is above-mentioned
Two ways is for preventing the both ends of packing element 10 protrusion and the special design done in advance.When about collar 20 and upper end 104
When harder design comes across packing element 10 jointly, middle part 105 can be made to carry out the preferential deformation of radial direction without fault.
In Figure 13 and embodiment illustrated in fig. 14, the edge of upper end 104 and lower end 106 passes through chamfered, with
About collar 20 is adapted, that is to say, that is flared and 22 upper ends 104 being arranged and lower end 106 is held to come and flaring in shrink mouth shape
End 22 matches.This design of packing element 10 can increase the end of packing element 10 and the contact area of about collar 20, and this kind
The end of design and first axis pressure F1Between there is angle, to need bigger first axis pressure F1Glue could be compressed
Cylinder 10 generates the deformation of nominal amount, a degree of to increase the setting force of needs.As shown in figure 15, when application first axis
Pressure F1Afterwards, packing element 10 will inwardly or outwardly extend to radial direction, and due to the constraint of casing 40, about collar 20 will be at this time
Casing 40 carries out radial expansion in the range of limiting, finally about the flared end 22 of collar 20 by with the basic phase of the diameter of packing element 10
Together, and it is also essentially identical with the internal diameter of casing 40.As shown in figure 14, in compression process, it will form protrusion, in Figure 14 schematically
Show a protrusion 60, in actual compression, the outer surface of packing element 10 101 is whole to be expanded outwardly as protrusion, only this
The raised speed at the middle part of packing element 10 is deliberately faster than its both ends by the design of about collar 20 in one embodiment by application
Raised speed.It is very important, if the about material that is selected as difficult deformation of collar 20, then as shown in Figure 14, when
When continuing compression, protrusion 60 will be contacted with the top edge of about collar 20, and finally cause to shear to protrusion 60, affect packing element 10
Sealing.About collar is selected as copper sheathing in this application, and is no more than in the maximum gauge that upper thickness limit determines flared end 22
2mm, flared end 22 refer in such as Figure 12 entire horn-like edge, rather than in Figure 12 the rightmost side that end face.In this way
Restriction enable to about collar 20 60 will not cause to damage to protrusion, or damage is more slight.And it is also beneficial to pressing
In compression process, 40 pairs of casing about collar 20 is deformed and becomes as shown in Figure 15.It, can not based on same reason
Before compression using the about collar 20 of the perpendicular type as shown in Figure 15, the otherwise about collar 20 during compression
Shearing can be generated to gradually raised outer surface 101 and the generation of packing element 10 is isolated.In this application, about collar 20 is horn mouth
Shape, during compression, about collar 20 and protrusion 60 be a kind of face contact and it is non-thread contact, greatly reduce protrusion 60 and damage
A possibility that.And it is as shown in figure 12, necking end 21 has inside bevelling, and in compression, bevelling will surround central tube 30, and
Bevelling receives first axis pressure F1, such design can be such that wedging ring 20 in an orderly manner, gradually deforms, will not be by first
Axial compressive force F1Conquassation suddenly.The application selects about collar 20 to be for another major reason of copper sheathing, will insulate in this way
Device 200 from underground out when, copper sheathing is easily deformed, and will not be stuck between casing 40.Based on same reason, also can choose same
The easily-deformable silver of sample is as about collar.
The application also provides a kind of packer, which has packing element 10 defined by one of above-mentioned technical proposal.
The application also provides a kind of bridge plug, which has packing element 10 defined by one of above-mentioned technical proposal.
So far, although showing those skilled in the art will appreciate that the multiple of the application have been shown and described in detail herein
Example property embodiment still, still can be direct according to present disclosure in the case where not departing from the application spirit and scope
Determine or deduce out many other variations or modifications for meeting the application principle.Therefore, scope of the present application is understood that and recognizes
It is set to and covers all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of packing element (10), with centrally located through-hole (103), the inner surface (102) being located at the through-hole (103),
Outer surface (101) corresponding with the inner surface (102), the upper end (104) for being located at the packing element (10) both ends and
Lower end (106) and the middle part (105) between the upper end (104) and the lower end (106), the upper end
Portion (104) is used to bear first axis pressure in axial direction, and the lower end (106) is for bearing along the axial direction
Second axial compressive force opposite with the first axis pressure；When the first axis pressure is applied to the upper end
(104) when, in radial direction, deformation occurs for the upper end (104), middle part (105) and lower end (106)；When described
When two axial compressive forces are applied to the lower end (106), the upper end (104), middle part (105) and lower end (106) are equal
In the radial direction, deformation occurs, which is characterized in that
The packing element (10) by one be located at upper end upper end sealing ring (71), one be located at lower end lower end sealing ring (73),
The more than one intermediate seal ring (72) between the upper end sealing ring (71) and the lower end sealing ring (73) is in institute
It states axial direction to arrange, the upper end sealing ring (71) is served as the upper end (104), and the lower end sealing ring (73) is filled
When the lower end (106), the intermediate seal ring (72) serves as the middle part (105)；
Wherein, the lower end sealing ring (73) is coated with the first copper sheet (111), under the first copper sheet (111) cladding is described
Upper surface, lower surface, medial surface and the lateral surface of sealing ring (73) are held, to reduce or prevent high temperature and high pressure steam under described
Hold the degradation of sealing ring (73)；The thickness of first copper sheet (111) is set as, when the upper end (104) bear described the
When one axial compressive force, deformation occurs and makes to be distributed in the lower end sealing ring in the radial direction for the lower end sealing ring (73)
(73) the first copper sheet (111) on the inner surface can be contradicted with central tube, and be distributed in the lower end sealing ring (73)
The outer surface on the first copper sheet (111) can be contradicted with casing, to reduce or prevent high temperature and high pressure steam to the lower end
The degradation of the adjacent intermediate seal ring (72) of sealing ring (73)；
First copper sheet (111) is made of inside copper sheet (111a) and outside copper sheet (111b), the inside copper sheet (111a)
Upper surface, the lower surface, medial surface of the lower end sealing ring (73) are coated, it is close that the outside copper sheet (111b) coats the lower end
Upper surface, lower surface and the lateral surface of seal ring (73)；And the inside copper sheet (111a) and the outside copper sheet (111b) exist
The upper and lower surfaces of the lower end sealing ring (73) are overlapped, to prevent overlapping from isolating and lower end sealing ring (73) phase
The adjacent intermediate seal ring (72).
2. packing element (10) according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The inside copper sheet (111a) and the outside copper sheet (111b) are welded in overlapping.
3. packing element (10) according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The upper end sealing ring (71) is coated with third copper sheet (113), and the third copper sheet (113) coats the upper end sealing
Lower surface, medial surface, lateral surface and the upper surface of ring (71)；The thickness of the third copper sheet (113) is set as, under described
When second axial compressive force is born in end (106), it is coated on and is formed by the upper surface of the upper end sealing ring (71)
The third copper sheet (113) in shoulder does not rupture.
4. packing element (10) according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The quantity of the intermediate seal ring (72) is three, wherein the institute of intermediate seal ring (72) and the top described in the lowermost
It states intermediate seal ring (72) and is coated with copper sheet, the intermediate intermediate seal ring (72) does not coat copper sheet.
5. packing element (10) according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The hardness of the upper end sealing ring (71) is greater than the hardness of the intermediate seal ring (72), so that the upper end sealing ring
(71) when bearing the first axis pressure, the intermediate seal ring (72) is sealed in the deformation of radial direction greater than the upper end
Deformation of the ring (71) in radial direction；
The hardness of the lower end sealing ring (73) is greater than the hardness of the intermediate seal ring (72), so that the lower end sealing ring
(73) when bearing second axial compressive force, the intermediate seal ring (72) is sealed in the deformation of radial direction greater than the lower end
Deformation of the ring (73) in radial direction.
6. packing element (10) according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
The hardness of the upper end sealing ring (71) and the lower end sealing ring (73) is essentially identical, so that the upper end sealing ring
(71) when bearing the first axis pressure, the intermediate seal ring (72) is sealed in the deformation of radial direction greater than the upper end
Ring (71) and the lower end sealing ring (73) are in the deformation of radial direction, and the lower end sealing ring (73) bears described second
When axial compressive force, the intermediate seal ring (72) is greater than the upper end sealing ring (71) and the lower end in the deformation of radial direction
Deformation of the sealing ring (73) in radial direction.
7. packing element (10) according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The intermediate seal ring (72) has colloid (109) and matrix annular in shape (108), and described matrix (108) is by mutual
The high-temperature and high-presure resistent plurality of fibers silk composition intersected, the colloid (109) are bonded each fiber filament, and the colloid
(109) it is distributed on the surface of each described matrix (108) so that the multiple sealing rings (70) arranged along the axial direction
Inside and outside be respectively formed the inner surface (102) and outer surface (101).
8. packing element (10) according to claim 7, which is characterized in that
Described matrix (108) is graphite packing or carbon fiber packing or glass fibre packing.
9. a kind of packer, which is characterized in that including packing element (10) described in one of claim 1-8.
10. a kind of bridge plug, which is characterized in that including packing element (10) described in one of claim 1-8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610443763.2A CN105863553B (en) | 2016-06-20 | 2016-06-20 | Lower end sealing ring is coated with the packing element, packer and bridge plug of two panels copper sheet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610443763.2A CN105863553B (en) | 2016-06-20 | 2016-06-20 | Lower end sealing ring is coated with the packing element, packer and bridge plug of two panels copper sheet |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105863553A CN105863553A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| CN105863553B true CN105863553B (en) | 2018-12-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610443763.2A Active CN105863553B (en) | 2016-06-20 | 2016-06-20 | Lower end sealing ring is coated with the packing element, packer and bridge plug of two panels copper sheet |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106089146B (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2019-06-18 | 天鼎联创密封技术（北京）有限公司 | Packing element, packer and bridge plug including wire sealing ring |
| CN106121582B (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2019-05-03 | 天鼎联创密封技术（北京）有限公司 | Both ends are packing element, packer and the bridge plug of hard sealing ring |
| CN106894784B (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2019-03-19 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | High temperature and pressure packer and heat resisting and pressure resisting packing element |
| CN106958432B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2022-11-29 | 天鼎联创密封技术（北京）有限公司 | Full-wrap reinforcing sleeve for increasing fitting degree, processing method, sealing rubber sleeve and packer |
| CN106948787B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2023-03-28 | 天鼎联创密封技术（北京）有限公司 | Full-wrapping reinforcing sleeve, sealing rubber sleeve and packer |
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| US20140102726A1 (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2014-04-17 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Controlled Swell-Rate Swellable Packer and Method |
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| CN2844418Y (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2006-12-06 | 张立臣 | Steel umbrella formula sealer |
| CN102031941A (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2011-04-27 | 大庆月生禾科技开发有限公司 | Steel protection umbrella type sealer |
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