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CN105858777A - 一种大蒜秸秆-纳米铜复合蓝藻处理剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种大蒜秸秆-纳米铜复合蓝藻处理剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105858777A
CN105858777A CN201610221982.6A CN201610221982A CN105858777A CN 105858777 A CN105858777 A CN 105858777A CN 201610221982 A CN201610221982 A CN 201610221982A CN 105858777 A CN105858777 A CN 105858777A
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nanometer copper
treatment agent
stirring
garlic stalk
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章云
张贝尼
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Wuhu Kaiaoer Environmental Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种大蒜秸秆‑纳米铜复合蓝藻处理剂，其是由下述重量份的原料制得：硅藻土40‑60，草木灰5‑10，大蒜秸秆5‑10，纳米铜3‑5，丙烯酰胺0.2‑0.4，葡萄糖酸钠3‑5，聚乙烯亚胺0.3‑0.5，过硫酸铵0.03‑0.05，明矾1‑2，羟乙基脲0.5‑1，复合助剂10‑15。本发明的蓝藻处理剂兼具良好的吸附活性和絮凝性能，不仅对蓝藻有很好的絮凝作用，去除蓝藻速度快，成本低，无二次污染，对蓝藻毒素的吸附去除效率高，对水中多种有机、无机污染物质也具有良好的去除效果，而且还有杀菌抑藻的功效，有效改善水质，效用持久，适用于复杂水环境的处理。

Description

一种大蒜秸秆 - 纳米铜复合蓝藻处理剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及蓝藻治理领域，尤其涉及一种大蒜秸秆-纳米铜复合蓝藻处理剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
我国是一个多湖泊、多水库的国家，近年来，随着水体富营养化程度的加剧和范围的扩大，导致淡水蓝藻水华泛滥，不仅严重妨害了居民的正常生活，还对水生态系统的发展带来较大的不良影响。同时，蓝藻水华中产生的次生代谢产物蓝藻毒素对生物有毒性，会为人类带来严重的健康风险。因此，蓝藻水华的治理问题已经成为受到广泛关注的研究热点。
目前，治理湖泊蓝藻水华大体可分为物理、化学和生物三种方法。物理方法以机械除藻为主，具有工程量大、运作周期长，一次性投入成本较高等问题；化学除藻效果虽好，但容易对环境造成二次污染；生物除藻技术并不成熟，实践应用面临一定困难。而且，现有的常规水处理工艺无法有效去除水中存在的藻类毒素。因此，开发除藻效果好、安全无污染并且能去除藻类毒素的水处理剂，有效改善水体质量对于解决水资源公共卫生问题十分必要。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种蓝藻去除速度快、成本低、无二次污染、并且能有效去除水中蓝藻毒素的大蒜秸秆-纳米铜复合蓝藻处理剂及其制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种大蒜秸秆-纳米铜复合蓝藻处理剂，其是由下述重量份的原料制得：
硅藻土40-60，草木灰5-10，大蒜秸秆5-10，纳米铜3-5，丙烯酰胺0.2-0.4，葡萄糖酸钠3-5，聚乙烯亚胺0.3-0.5，过硫酸铵0.03-0.05，明矾1-2，羟乙基脲0.5-1，复合助剂10-15；
所述复合助剂由下列重量份的原料制成：聚乙烯醇0.1-0.2，果胶0.1-0.2，甘蔗渣3-5，大豆渣3-5，异丙醇铝1-2，3-5%的硫酸溶液40-60；复合助剂的制备方法是先将甘蔗渣和大豆渣与3-5%的硫酸溶液混合并于60-80℃搅拌12-24h，然后加入聚乙烯醇、果胶和异丙醇铝85-95℃搅拌1-2h，冷却后将pH调至中性，即得。
一种大蒜秸秆-纳米铜复合蓝藻处理剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）按重量称取原料，将硅藻土、草木灰和葡萄糖酸钠于300-400℃条件下处理2-4h后与纳米铜和复合助剂混合均匀，先于60-80℃搅拌1-2h，然后于100-120℃干燥完全，研磨至300-400目，得改性粉体；
（2）将大蒜秸秆与明矾混合后研磨均匀，按固液重量比1：5-1：10加入10-15%的NaOH溶液中并于80-90℃搅拌4-6h，然后进行磨浆处理直至浆液的粒径≤20μm，将pH调至8-9后加入聚乙烯亚胺、丙烯酰胺和过硫酸铵60-70℃搅拌1-2h，冷却后加入（1）中的改性粉体以及其余原料超声分散均匀，然后于100-120℃条件下干燥完全，研磨至400目以下，即得大蒜秸秆-纳米铜复合蓝藻处理剂。
本发明的优点是：
本发明通过果胶、甘蔗渣、大豆渣和异丙醇铝复配反应制得负载有活性氧化铝的有机-无机复合助剂，与硅藻土、草木灰、纳米铜等原料混合后再与碱解并接枝改性后的大蒜秸秆纤维复合，得到的蓝藻处理剂兼具良好的吸附活性和絮凝性能，不仅对蓝藻有很好的絮凝作用，去除蓝藻速度快，成本低，无二次污染，对蓝藻毒素的吸附去除效率高，对水中多种有机、无机污染物质也具有良好的去除效果，而且还有杀菌抑藻的功效，有效改善水质，效用持久，适用于复杂水环境的处理。
具体实施方式
一种大蒜秸秆-纳米铜复合蓝藻处理剂，其是由下述重量份的原料制得：
硅藻土40，草木灰5，大蒜秸秆5，纳米铜3，丙烯酰胺0.2，葡萄糖酸钠3，聚乙烯亚胺0.3，过硫酸铵0.03，明矾1，羟乙基脲0.5，复合助剂10；
所述复合助剂由下列重量份的原料制成：聚乙烯醇0.1，果胶0.1，甘蔗渣3，大豆渣3，异丙醇铝1，3%的硫酸溶液40；复合助剂的制备方法是先将甘蔗渣和大豆渣与3%的硫酸溶液混合并于60℃搅拌12h，然后加入聚乙烯醇、果胶和异丙醇铝85℃搅拌1h，冷却后将pH调至中性，即得。
一种大蒜秸秆-纳米铜复合蓝藻处理剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）按重量称取原料，将硅藻土、草木灰和葡萄糖酸钠于300℃条件下处理2-4h后与纳米铜和复合助剂混合均匀，先于60℃搅拌1h，然后于100℃干燥完全，研磨至300目，得改性粉体；
（2）将大蒜秸秆与明矾混合后研磨均匀，按固液重量比1：5加入10%的NaOH溶液中并于80℃搅拌4h，然后进行磨浆处理直至浆液的粒径≤20μm，将pH调至8后加入聚乙烯亚胺、丙烯酰胺和过硫酸铵60℃搅拌1h，冷却后加入（1）中的改性粉体以及其余原料超声分散均匀，然后于100℃条件下干燥完全，研磨至400目以下，即得大蒜秸秆-纳米铜复合蓝藻处理剂。
取上述制得的蓝藻处理剂0.1g加入1000mL蓝藻水样中（水样藻细胞密度为4×106个/mL），搅拌均匀后静置1h，检测结果如下：
藻细胞去除率：98.54%；
浊度去除率：96.11%；
藻毒素去除率：72.34%。

Claims (2)

1.一种大蒜秸秆-纳米铜复合蓝藻处理剂，其特征在于，其是由下述重量份的原料制得：
硅藻土40-60，草木灰5-10，大蒜秸秆5-10，纳米铜3-5，丙烯酰胺0.2-0.4，葡萄糖酸钠3-5，聚乙烯亚胺0.3-0.5，过硫酸铵0.03-0.05，明矾1-2，羟乙基脲0.5-1，复合助剂10-15；
所述复合助剂由下列重量份的原料制成：聚乙烯醇0.1-0.2，果胶0.1-0.2，甘蔗渣3-5，大豆渣3-5，异丙醇铝1-2，3-5%的硫酸溶液40-60；复合助剂的制备方法是先将甘蔗渣和大豆渣与3-5%的硫酸溶液混合并于60-80℃搅拌12-24h，然后加入聚乙烯醇、果胶和异丙醇铝85-95℃搅拌1-2h，冷却后将pH调至中性，即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种大蒜秸秆-纳米铜复合蓝藻处理剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）按重量称取原料，将硅藻土、草木灰和葡萄糖酸钠于300-400℃条件下处理2-4h后与纳米铜和复合助剂混合均匀，先于60-80℃搅拌1-2h，然后于100-120℃干燥完全，研磨至300-400目，得改性粉体；
（2）将大蒜秸秆与明矾混合后研磨均匀，按固液重量比1：5-1：10加入10-15%的NaOH溶液中并于80-90℃搅拌4-6h，然后进行磨浆处理直至浆液的粒径≤20μm，将pH调至8-9后加入聚乙烯亚胺、丙烯酰胺和过硫酸铵60-70℃搅拌1-2h，冷却后加入（1）中的改性粉体以及其余原料超声分散均匀，然后于100-120℃条件下干燥完全，研磨至400目以下，即得大蒜秸秆-纳米铜复合蓝藻处理剂。
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CN109516597A (zh) * 2018-12-07 2019-03-26 河海大学 一种单细胞微囊藻絮凝方法
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