CN105850285A - Method for culturing strong seedlings of pimentos in large batch - Google Patents
Method for culturing strong seedlings of pimentos in large batch Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for culturing strong seedlings of pimentos in a large batch. The method comprises the following steps: (1) treating seeds; (2) preparing a seedling bed; (3) sowing the seeds; and (4) managing after sowing. Pimento seedlings produced by the method have the characteristics of developed root systems, strong seedlings, ordered growth vigor, few diseases and pests in a seedling stage and high seedling developing rate; the time for culturing seedlings subjected to fixed planting is 7-10 days in advance when compared with that of a traditional method; and the seedling culturing cost can be remarkably reduced and the method is suitable for large-scale and large-batch production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of planting, a kind of method being specifically related to Fructus Capsici mass nurturing staff.
Background technology
Fructus Capsici, is commonly called as sweetbell redpepper, green pepper, and it is young that Formosan is also referred to as big cylinder, is a mutation of Solanaceae Capsicum Fructus Capsici, is distributed in the various places, north and south of China's Mainland, belongs to " unartificial introducing and planting " type plant.Compared with common big green pepper, taste is the pepperyyest or atomic peppery, selects crust consolidation, the glossiness Fructus Capsici in surface preferably.Fructus Capsici is the vegetable being especially suitable for eating something rare, and is powerful antioxidant containing abundant vitamin C and B and carotene, can anti-cataract, heart disease and cancer.The reddest Fructus Capsici nutrition is the most, and contained vitamin C outclass other citrus fruits, so being relatively suitable for eating something rare.Fructus Capsici can also antipyretic, ease pain, give protection against cancer, increase appetite, blood fat reducing, fat-reducing etc..Owing to it is emerald green bright-coloured, the multiple colors such as the kind newly cultivated is the reddest, yellow, purple, the most not only can be also widely used for garnishes from becoming a dish.
The cultural method of survival after transplant after the first nursery of many employings in Fructus Capsici production.Nursery generally uses planting seed nursery, most Fructus Capsici grower process, sowing and miscarriages to seed, causes the phenomenon that after planting seed viability is the highest, seedling quality is poor, has had a strong impact on the yield of later stage crop.Fructus Capsici root system early stage is relatively slow to the absorption of nutrient substance and moisture, and it is relatively big that nursery survives difficulty, from be seeded into can time of field planting longer, usually 33 ~ 37 days, time of mass production and cultivate relatively costly.Under vegetable produces the trend of scale day by day, efficient activity, traditional Sweet Pepper Seedlings mode is needed badly and is improved.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above, a kind of method that the invention provides Fructus Capsici mass nurturing staff, have the advantages that emergence rate is high, seedling growth is vigorous, be suitable for mass production.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method of Fructus Capsici mass nurturing staff, comprises the steps:
(1) seed treatment:
A. after being mixed by Folium Artemisiae Argyi, bitter fruit leaf, eucalyptus leaves, Camphora, Folium Raphani, Rhizoma Menispermi, the Radix Astragali, Testa Tritici 6:4:3:0.5:2:3:2:5 in mass ratio, common drying and crushing obtains fumigant to 80 mesh, fumigant is ignited cyanine colza is fumigated, controlling ambient temperature when seed is fumigated is 28 ~ 33 DEG C, period is continuously stirred to it, taking out cooling after stifling 3 ~ 5min standby, the stifling ash collection formed after being burnt by fumigant is standby；Use Chinese herbal medicine that seed is carried out fumigation process, be possible not only to ensure Disinfection Effect, be avoided that again the drug residue that traditional chemical disinfectant brings, the problem of the impact growth that has side effects；
When seed temperature after the most to be fumigated is down to 24 ~ 26 DEG C, put it into immersion 3 ~ 5h in seed treatment liquid, described seed treatment liquid is made up of the material of following weight portion: 1 ~ 2 part of fluconazol, 1 ~ 2 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 25 ~ 30 parts of carbamide, 15 ~ 18 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 ~ 10 parts of poly-aspartic-acid potassium, 3 ~ 4 parts of erythroses, 1 ~ 3 part of cellobiose, 1 ~ 2 part of water-soluble chitosan, 0.8 ~ 1.5 part of aryl formate biphenyl amide, 3 ~ 6 parts of boric acid, 1 ~ 2 part of iron-amino acid chelate, 1 ~ 2 part of chelating amino acids manganese, 1 ~ 2 part of vitamin A, 1 ~ 2 part of vitamin B, 0.5 ~ 1 part of vitamin C, 4 ~ 6 parts of defatted milk powder, 2800 ~ 3200 parts of distilled water；This seed treatment liquid not only can carry out nutritional supplementation, carry out two-stage sterilization seed, can improve again seed characteristics, improves the seedling resistance to pest and disease damage, promotes its growth promoter；
C. the seed after soaking takes out, it is placed in the instrument of magnetic field, controlling magnetic field initial strength is 2600Gs, after processing 40s, put it in ultrasonic Treatment instrument, controlling sound wave original frequency is 26 ~ 27KHz, after processing 30s, then putting it in the instrument of magnetic field, control magnetic field intensity is 3200Gs, after processing 40s, finally putting it in ultrasonic Treatment instrument, control frequency of sound wave is 32 ~ 35KHz, after processing 30s, take out and put into 1 ~ 2min in the household freezer of pure nitrogen environment, under normal temperature condition, after taking-up, place 4 ~ 6h；Use magnetic field, ultrasound wave alternate treatment seed, carry out activity excitation, can well promote the characteristic of seed, better than individual processing effect, put it into afterwards and household freezer carries out physiology exercise, improve the resistance of seed and seedling；
(2) prepared by seedbed:
Weigh the material of following weight portion: 4 ~ 6 parts of stifling lime-ash, 26 ~ 30 parts of fertile soil, 4 ~ 5 parts of expanded perlites, 4 ~ 8 parts of coconut shell flours, 6 ~ 10 parts of well-rotted farmyard manures, 0.1 ~ 0.2 part of Prohexadione calcium, 1 ~ 2 part of lignin benzene sulfonate, 3 ~ 5 parts of bentonite, 2 ~ 3 parts of sugar grains, 1 ~ 3 part of sodium hydroxyethlcellulose, 0.5 ~ 1 part of Y-polyglutamic acid, 2 ~ 5 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 ~ 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, by preparing seedling medium after above-mentioned substance mix homogeneously, the most paved for seedling medium 8 ~ 10cm thickness is i.e. obtained seedbed；This seedling culture matrix nutrition enriches, and re-uses the stifling lime-ash after seed treatment, i.e. serves the effect killing pest and disease damage, provide again abundant nutritional labeling；
(3) planting seed:
Seed after processing is by 2 ~ 4g/m2Amount be sown on seedbed, cover the thick fine earth of one layer of 0.8 ~ 1cm after broadcasting sowing；
(4) managing after sowing:
During after planting reaching 35% to emerging, controlling day temperature is 25 ~ 30 DEG C, night temperatures is 19 ~ 22 DEG C, emerge during reaching 35% to growth of seedling to 1 ~ 2 true leaf, controlling day temperature is 22 ~ 25 DEG C, and night temperatures is 16 ~ 18 DEG C, during 1 ~ 2 true leaf to 4 ~ 5 true leaves, controlling day temperature is 18 ~ 22 DEG C, and night temperatures is 13 ~ 16 DEG C；After planting noting executing water, make relative moisture of the soil be maintained at 55 ~ 65% for a long time, period takes the circumstances into consideration to carry out weeding, prevention and elimination of disease and pests processes, and completes the cultivation of seedling when seedling length to 4 ~ 5 slice true leaf, can carry out field planting operation.
Further, the freezing the temperature inside the box described in step (1) operation c is 3 ~ 7 DEG C.
Further, the stifling lime-ash during the stifling lime-ash described in step (2) is i.e. step (1) operation a.
Further, the well-rotted farmyard manure described in step (2) is to be formed by melon seed cases, chestnut shell, chicken feather, cattle manure, pig manure, night soil, Alfalfa, rice straw fermentation reactor system.
There is advantages that the present invention uses special method for treating seeds, seed is completed sterilizing, nutritional supplementation, activity excitation, physiology exercise etc. and processes, substantially improve the characteristic of seed, improve emergence rate and the speed of growth；The seedling culture matrix nutrition of preparation is abundant uniformly, is possible not only to meet the various nutrients needed for Fructus Capsici seed sprouting, growth, can suppress again the propagation of soil-borne disease, promote seedling fast-growth, shorten growing-seedling period further；After planting its temperature grown, soil moisture are carried out strict management and control, can further improve seeding ratio, the growth of seedling fibrous root can be promoted again, strengthen seedling to nutrient substance and the absorbability of moisture.The feature that the Sweet pepper seedlings of this method output has well developed root system, rice shoot is healthy and strong, growing way is neat, seedling stage diseases and pests is few, interest rate of emerging is high, and be bred as the seedling time comparability traditional method of field planting to shift to an earlier date 7 ~ 10 days, seedling cost can be significantly reduced, be suitable for extensive, mass production.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of Fructus Capsici mass nurturing staff, comprises the steps:
(1) seed treatment:
A. after being mixed by Folium Artemisiae Argyi, bitter fruit leaf, eucalyptus leaves, Camphora, Folium Raphani, Rhizoma Menispermi, the Radix Astragali, Testa Tritici 6:4:3:0.5:2:3:2:5 in mass ratio, common drying and crushing obtains fumigant to 80 mesh, fumigant is ignited cyanine colza is fumigated, controlling ambient temperature when seed is fumigated is 28 ~ 33 DEG C, period is continuously stirred to it, taking out cooling after stifling 3 ~ 5min standby, the stifling ash collection formed after being burnt by fumigant is standby；
When seed temperature after the most to be fumigated is down to 24 ~ 26 DEG C, putting it into immersion 3 ~ 5h in seed treatment liquid, described seed treatment liquid is made up of the material of following weight portion: 2 parts of fluconazol, 2 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolates, 25 parts of carbamide, 15 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 parts of poly-aspartic-acid potassium, 3 parts of erythroses, 3 parts of cellobioses, 1 part of water-soluble chitosan, 1.5 parts of aryl formate biphenyl amides, 3 parts of boric acid, 2 parts of iron-amino acid chelates, 1 part of chelating amino acids manganese, 2 parts of vitamin A, 2 parts of vitamin Bs, 1 part of vitamin C, 4 parts of defatted milk powder, 2800 parts of distilled water；
C. the seed after soaking takes out, it is placed in the instrument of magnetic field, controlling magnetic field initial strength is 2600Gs, after processing 40s, put it in ultrasonic Treatment instrument, controlling sound wave original frequency is 26 ~ 27KHz, after processing 30s, then putting it in the instrument of magnetic field, control magnetic field intensity is 3200Gs, after processing 40s, finally putting it in ultrasonic Treatment instrument, control frequency of sound wave is 32 ~ 35KHz, after processing 30s, take out and put into 1 ~ 2min in the household freezer of pure nitrogen environment, under normal temperature condition, after taking-up, place 4 ~ 6h；
(2) prepared by seedbed:
Weigh the material of following weight portion: 6 parts of stifling lime-ash, 26 parts of fertile soil, 5 parts of expanded perlites, 4 parts of coconut shell flours, 8 parts of well-rotted farmyard manures, 0.1 part of Prohexadione calcium, 2 parts of lignin benzene sulfonates, 5 parts of bentonite, 2 parts of sugar grains, 3 parts of sodium hydroxyethlcelluloses, 0.5 part of Y-polyglutamic acid, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, by preparing seedling medium after above-mentioned substance mix homogeneously, the most paved for seedling medium 8 ~ 10cm thickness is i.e. obtained seedbed；
(3) planting seed:
Seed after processing is by 2 ~ 4g/m2Amount be sown on seedbed, cover the thick fine earth of one layer of 0.8 ~ 1cm after broadcasting sowing；
(4) managing after sowing:
During after planting reaching 35% to emerging, controlling day temperature is 25 ~ 30 DEG C, night temperatures is 19 ~ 22 DEG C, emerge during reaching 35% to growth of seedling to 1 ~ 2 true leaf, controlling day temperature is 22 ~ 25 DEG C, and night temperatures is 16 ~ 18 DEG C, during 1 ~ 2 true leaf to 4 ~ 5 true leaves, controlling day temperature is 18 ~ 22 DEG C, and night temperatures is 13 ~ 16 DEG C；After planting noting executing water, make relative moisture of the soil be maintained at 55 ~ 65% for a long time, period takes the circumstances into consideration to carry out weeding, prevention and elimination of disease and pests processes, and completes the cultivation of seedling when seedling length to 4 ~ 5 slice true leaf, can carry out field planting operation.
Further, the freezing the temperature inside the box described in step (1) operation c is 3 ~ 7 DEG C.
Further, the stifling lime-ash during the stifling lime-ash described in step (2) is i.e. step (1) operation a.
Further, the well-rotted farmyard manure described in step (2) is to be formed by melon seed cases, chestnut shell, chicken feather, cattle manure, pig manure, night soil, Alfalfa, rice straw fermentation reactor system.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example 1 uses the magnetic field intensity of 3000 Gs persistently to seed treatment 140s in seed treatment operation c, replaces using in embodiment 1 magnetic field, the mode of ultrasound wave alternate treatment seed, and remaining method step is identical with embodiment 1 in addition.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example 2 uses the ultrasound wave of 30 ~ 32KHz persistently to seed treatment 140s in seed treatment operation c, replaces using in embodiment 1 magnetic field, the mode of ultrasound wave alternate treatment seed, and remaining method step is identical with embodiment 1 in addition.
Comparative example 3
Use the Sweet Pepper Seedlings method of existing routine.
Choose " lotus green pepper 13 " kind as cultivate object, cultivate by above-mentioned four kinds of modes respectively, and record result, following table is corresponding correction data:
| Embodiment 1 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | |
| Emergence rate (%) | 97.4 | 90.8 | 89.3 | 82.6 |
| Pest and disease damage incidence rate (%) | 2.2 | 4.7 | 3.9 | 9.8 |
| Regularity (%) | 95 | 90 | 89 | 80 |
| After planting to seedling grow 6 true leaves time (my god) | 26 | 29 | 30 | 35 |
Claims (4)
1. the method for a Fructus Capsici mass nurturing staff, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) seed treatment:
A. after being mixed by Folium Artemisiae Argyi, bitter fruit leaf, eucalyptus leaves, Camphora, Folium Raphani, Rhizoma Menispermi, the Radix Astragali, Testa Tritici 6:4:3:0.5:2:3:2:5 in mass ratio, common drying and crushing obtains fumigant to 80 mesh, fumigant is ignited cyanine colza is fumigated, controlling ambient temperature when seed is fumigated is 28 ~ 33 DEG C, period is continuously stirred to it, taking out cooling after stifling 3 ~ 5min standby, the stifling ash collection formed after being burnt by fumigant is standby；
When seed temperature after the most to be fumigated is down to 24 ~ 26 DEG C, put it into immersion 3 ~ 5h in seed treatment liquid, described seed treatment liquid is made up of the material of following weight portion: 1 ~ 2 part of fluconazol, 1 ~ 2 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 25 ~ 30 parts of carbamide, 15 ~ 18 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 ~ 10 parts of poly-aspartic-acid potassium, 3 ~ 4 parts of erythroses, 1 ~ 3 part of cellobiose, 1 ~ 2 part of water-soluble chitosan, 0.8 ~ 1.5 part of aryl formate biphenyl amide, 3 ~ 6 parts of boric acid, 1 ~ 2 part of iron-amino acid chelate, 1 ~ 2 part of chelating amino acids manganese, 1 ~ 2 part of vitamin A, 1 ~ 2 part of vitamin B, 0.5 ~ 1 part of vitamin C, 4 ~ 6 parts of defatted milk powder, 2800 ~ 3200 parts of distilled water；
C. the seed after soaking takes out, it is placed in the instrument of magnetic field, controlling magnetic field initial strength is 2600Gs, after processing 40s, put it in ultrasonic Treatment instrument, controlling sound wave original frequency is 26 ~ 27KHz, after processing 30s, then putting it in the instrument of magnetic field, control magnetic field intensity is 3200Gs, after processing 40s, finally putting it in ultrasonic Treatment instrument, control frequency of sound wave is 32 ~ 35KHz, after processing 30s, take out and put into 1 ~ 2min in the household freezer of pure nitrogen environment, under normal temperature condition, after taking-up, place 4 ~ 6h；
(2) prepared by seedbed:
Weigh the material of following weight portion: 4 ~ 6 parts of stifling lime-ash, 26 ~ 30 parts of fertile soil, 4 ~ 5 parts of expanded perlites, 4 ~ 8 parts of coconut shell flours, 6 ~ 10 parts of well-rotted farmyard manures, 0.1 ~ 0.2 part of Prohexadione calcium, 1 ~ 2 part of lignin benzene sulfonate, 3 ~ 5 parts of bentonite, 2 ~ 3 parts of sugar grains, 1 ~ 3 part of sodium hydroxyethlcellulose, 0.5 ~ 1 part of Y-polyglutamic acid, 2 ~ 5 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 ~ 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, by preparing seedling medium after above-mentioned substance mix homogeneously, the most paved for seedling medium 8 ~ 10cm thickness is i.e. obtained seedbed；
(3) planting seed:
Seed after processing is by 2 ~ 4g/m2Amount be sown on seedbed, cover the thick fine earth of one layer of 0.8 ~ 1cm after broadcasting sowing；
(4) managing after sowing:
During after planting reaching 35% to emerging, controlling day temperature is 25 ~ 30 DEG C, night temperatures is 19 ~ 22 DEG C, emerge during reaching 35% to growth of seedling to 1 ~ 2 true leaf, controlling day temperature is 22 ~ 25 DEG C, and night temperatures is 16 ~ 18 DEG C, during 1 ~ 2 true leaf to 4 ~ 5 true leaves, controlling day temperature is 18 ~ 22 DEG C, and night temperatures is 13 ~ 16 DEG C；After planting noting executing water, make relative moisture of the soil be maintained at 55 ~ 65% for a long time, period takes the circumstances into consideration to carry out weeding, prevention and elimination of disease and pests processes, and completes the cultivation of seedling when seedling length to 4 ~ 5 slice true leaf, can carry out field planting operation.
The method of a kind of Fructus Capsici mass nurturing staff the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the freezing the temperature inside the box described in step (1) operation c is 3 ~ 7 DEG C.
The method of a kind of Fructus Capsici mass nurturing staff the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the stifling lime-ash described in step (2) is i.e. the stifling lime-ash in step (1) operation a.
The method of a kind of Fructus Capsici mass nurturing staff the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the well-rotted farmyard manure described in step (2) is to be formed by melon seed cases, chestnut shell, chicken feather, cattle manure, pig manure, night soil, Alfalfa, rice straw fermentation reactor system.
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| CN114287297A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-04-08 | 长顺县润农药业开发有限公司 | High-efficiency cultivation method for standardized planting and variety breeding of traditional Chinese medicinal materials |
| CN114402923A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-04-29 | 宝鸡市农业科学研究院 | Pepper seedling growing method suitable for winter and spring in northern area |
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