CN105847207B - Unmanned aerial vehicle identity recognition device based on light wave information and information modulation and demodulation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an unmanned aerial vehicle identification device based on light wave information, there is the display screen casing one side, casing one end has objective and opening, the opening is in the objective below, the casing other end has the eyepiece, objective and eyepiece correspond each other, there is laser receiver head on the circuit board in the casing, the laser emission head, light signal receiver and control chip, there is the partial reflector in the casing, light is reflected to light signal receiver behind through objective to partial reflector, the tip of laser receiver head and laser emission head is in the opening. The unmanned aerial vehicle identity recognition device can modulate the unique identification code of the unmanned aerial vehicle into the LED optical signal by utilizing the existing LED equipment of the unmanned aerial vehicle, transmits information by utilizing light, and a ground supervisor locks the LED light source through the portable identity detection equipment, collects the light information emitted by the LED light source, demodulates and decrypts the unique identification code of the unmanned aerial vehicle to determine, thereby effectively matching with an air traffic control and related departments to realize the supervision of the unmanned aerial vehicle in a low airspace.

Description

UAV identification device and information modulation and demodulation method based on light wave information

technical field

The invention relates to the field of supporting equipment for unmanned aerial vehicles, in particular to an identification device for unmanned aerial vehicles and an information modulation and demodulation method based on light wave information.

Background technique

With the development and popularization of civilian small drones, more and more drones can be seen in public places. Small unmanned aerial vehicles are small in size and good in maneuverability. They can carry a certain load under the control of human remote control or autopilot for low-altitude or ultra-low-altitude flight. Its assembly cost and entry threshold are both low, especially for micro-small aircraft with simple structure, resulting in rapid growth in sales and market share year by year. But a major question that comes with it is how to regulate such a large number of civilian drones.

At present, my country's low-altitude field has not yet been opened to private individuals, and relevant control regulations have not yet been issued. Once it is opened, how to realize the identification of aircraft will become a top priority. Micro and small UAVs are small in size and low in flight altitude, so the detection effect of radar is poor. Restricted by UAV flight control technology, the aircraft itself also has potential safety hazards during flight. In addition, drones with a loading capacity of more than 3KG already have the ability to carry lethal weapons (such as small pistols and explosives), and are easily used by criminals. Most drones are remotely controlled. Once a safety accident or terrorist attack occurs, it is difficult to find the person responsible. UAVs sold by regular manufacturers can be traced because the commercial machine has its own serial number and is associated with the identity of the buyer, but the identity of privately assembled UAVs cannot be identified at all. Even registered drones lack a way to notify regulators or law enforcement of their identity in real time while they are in flight. In order to manage and control the drone market reasonably and provide convenience for future low-altitude traffic control, a convenient and effective method is needed to enable mobile supervisors to identify the identity of drones in the current visible airspace. Most of the drones will be equipped with LED lights for their own flight safety considerations. Some are to distinguish the direction of the nose and tail, and some are used as safety indicators for night flight. The status of these LED lights is relatively simple during work. Usually It is always on or flashes regularly. Because LED has short response time, high-speed modulation, low power consumption, long life, and small size, it can send out high-speed bright and dark flickering signals that are invisible to the naked eye for information transmission. Therefore, a corresponding UAV identification device can be designed to identify drones Human-machine identification and control.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above existing problems, the present invention provides a UAV identification device and information modulation and demodulation method based on light wave information. The unique identification code of the man-machine is modulated into the LED light signal, and the information is transmitted by light. The ground supervisors lock the LED light source through the portable identity detection device, collect the light information emitted by it, and restore the drone after demodulation and decryption. The unique identification code is determined, and the portable identification device can also output the straight-line distance between the target aircraft and the measurement point at the same time, which is convenient for tracking. Can effectively cooperate with air traffic control and relevant departments to realize the supervision of unmanned aerial vehicles in low airspace. Head, laser emitting head, semi-transparent mirror, eyepiece, optical signal receiver and control chip, a display screen is provided on one side of the housing, an objective lens and an opening are arranged at one end of the housing, the opening is below the objective lens, and the There is an eyepiece at the other end of the housing, and the objective lens and the eyepiece correspond to each other. The circuit board in the housing has a laser receiving head, a laser emitting head, an optical signal receiver and a control chip. There is a semi-transparent mirror in the housing. The light is reflected to the optical signal receiver after passing through the objective lens to the semi-transparent mirror, and the ends of the laser receiving head and the laser emitting head are in the opening.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the aircraft controller of the UAV that can be identified by the UAV identification device based on light wave information is connected with a light strip or a single LED light, and the present invention connects a light strip or a single LED light at the bottom of the UAV. That's it.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the display screen is a foldable display screen, the end of the foldable display screen is connected to the side of the housing through a hinge, and a foldable display screen can be provided for portability.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the optical signal receiver is an LED receiving chip or a CDD chip, and the optical signal receiver of the present invention may be an LED receiving chip or a CDD chip.

As a further improvement of the present invention, there is a GPS chip on the circuit board in the housing, and the GPS chip can be set so that the portable identification device can output the straight-line distance from the target aircraft to the measurement point, which is convenient for tracking.

An information modulation and demodulation method of an unmanned aerial vehicle identification device based on light wave information, the specific steps are as follows:

1) The UAV combines the UAV identification number and other relevant information into a data frame of the corresponding format and compiles it into a Manchester code, and then modulates the Manchester code of the data frame to a carrier of the corresponding frequency and emits it from the LED;

First, determine the carrier frequency f _L according to the type of LED used to transmit light information on the UAV side, where f _L should be smaller than the communication bandwidth G _c allowed by the color LED;

Secondly, if the identification number of the drone is n-digit hexadecimal numbers, then the identification number data length n, the identification number itself and the check code are converted into binary codes and spliced in sequence to form a complete set of data frames;

Then convert the binary data frame obtained by the above process into Manchester code format, in which the jump from 1 to 0 represents the number 1, and the jump from 0 to 1 represents the number 0, and then add data synchronization to the front end of the Manchester code sequence Bit, the data synchronization bit is n ₁ binary 1s, the back end is added with a data stop bit, the data stop bit is n ₂ binary 0s, and then the combined Manchester code sequence is modulated onto the carrier using a digital modulator ;

Finally, according to the carrier signal, the current flowing through the LED is controlled through the drive circuit, and the binary information is emitted by the LED on and off;

2) The receiving end of the UAV identification device adopts line-of-sight collection of LED light information, and the light intensity emitted by the LED is determined by the following formula:

I(φ)=I(0)cos ^m (φ);

Among them, I(0) is the central luminous intensity of the LED, φ is the radiation angle, and m is the Lambertian radiation series;

3) Use the photosensitive device to collect the light intensity emitted by the onboard LED, convert the LED on and off into the corresponding digital value 0 or 1, set the timer at the receiving end according to the pre-agreed carrier frequency, so that the photosensitive device every Every T/2 time, where T is the time occupied by each binary data bit, sample once, use this method to capture every jump of the Manchester code, and realize the capture of effective data frames by looking for synchronization bits, Finally, end the receiving process according to the data stop bit;

4) According to the encoding protocol of Manchester code, the effective data frame is decoded and restored to the ordinary binary format, and finally the UAV identification number is obtained.

In a further improvement of the present invention, in step 1, the LED type is determined by the color of the LED, and the general LED type is mainly determined by the color of the LED.

As a further improvement of the present invention, in step 1, the identification number data length n, the identification number itself and the check code are converted into binary codes and the data content is encrypted by the key during the sequential splicing process, and the encryption will be effective by step 4 after the encryption is established. The data frame is decoded and restored to the common binary format to be decrypted, and the present invention can perform secret key encryption during the identification process.

The present invention is an unmanned aerial vehicle identification device based on light wave information. The working process of the system is as follows: the unique identification number of the unmanned aerial vehicle is encrypted to obtain ciphertext in the airborne optical information transmitting module, and then the ciphertext is modulated to the LED The high-frequency flashing light signal is transmitted to the outside world. The ground supervisor manually operates the portable identification device, adjusts the zoom device so that the LED light source of the body is clearly visible in the eyepiece and has a suitable size, and then manually presses the button on the body to trigger the ranging and identification functions. Then the portable identification device demodulates and decrypts the captured light information and obtains effective identification number information, and sends the identification number back to the data center through the 3G network for query to obtain the relevant registration information of the owner and the aircraft, and This information and distance measurement results are displayed on the display screen, and the portable identification device can also output the straight-line distance from the target aircraft to the measurement point at the same time, which is convenient for tracking. It can effectively cooperate with air traffic control and related departments to realize the supervision of unmanned aerial vehicles in low airspace.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention;

In the picture:

1. Housing 2. Foldable display screen; 3. Objective lens; 4. Opening;

5. Laser receiving head; 6. Laser emitting head; 7. Semi-transparent mirror; 8. Eyepiece;

9. Optical signal receiver; 10. Control chip; 11. GPS chip.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:

The invention provides a UAV identification device based on light wave information and an information modulation and demodulation method. The UAV identification device uses the existing LED equipment of the UAV to modulate the unique identification code of the UAV. Into the LED light signal, use the light to spread the information, and the ground supervisors lock the LED light source through the portable identity detection device, collect the light information emitted by it, and restore the unique identification code of the drone after demodulation and decryption for confirmation. The portable identification device can also output the straight-line distance between the target aircraft and the measurement point at the same time, which is convenient for tracking. It can effectively cooperate with air traffic control and related departments to realize the supervision of unmanned aerial vehicles in low airspace.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a UAV identification device based on light wave information, including a housing 1, a display screen, an objective lens 3, a laser receiving head 5, a laser emitting head 6, and a half-transparent mirror 7 , an eyepiece 8, an optical signal receiver 9 and a control chip 10, a display screen is arranged on one side of the housing 1, an objective lens 3 and an opening 4 are arranged at one end of the housing 1, the opening 4 is below the objective lens 3, and the housing The other end of the body 1 has an eyepiece 8, and the objective lens 3 and the eyepiece 8 correspond to each other. The circuit board in the housing 1 has a laser receiving head 5, a laser emitting head 6, an optical signal receiver 9 and a control chip 10. There is a semi-transparent mirror 7 inside the housing 1 , the light passes through the objective lens 3 to the semi-transparent mirror 7 and then reflects to the optical signal receiver 9 , and the ends of the laser receiving head 5 and the laser emitting head 6 are in the opening 4 .

As an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a UAV identification device based on light wave information as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, including a housing 1, a display screen, an objective lens 3, a laser receiving head 5, a laser emitting Head 6, semi-transparent mirror 7, eyepiece 8, optical signal receiver 9 and control chip 10, there is a display screen on one side of the housing 1, and the display screen is a foldable display screen 2, and the foldable display screen 2 The ends are connected to the side of the housing 1 through a hinge, and a foldable display screen can be set for convenient portability. One end of the housing 1 has an objective lens 3 and an opening 4, the opening 4 is below the objective lens 3, and the housing 1 is otherwise An eyepiece 8 is arranged at one end, and the objective lens 3 and the eyepiece 8 correspond to each other. The circuit board in the housing 1 has a laser receiving head 5, a laser emitting head 6, an optical signal receiver 9 and a control chip 10. There is a semi-transparent mirror 7 in the 1, and the light is reflected to the optical signal receiver 9 after passing through the objective lens 3 to the semi-transparent mirror 7. The optical signal receiver 9 is an LED receiving chip or a CDD chip, and the optical signal receiver of the present invention can It is an LED receiving chip or a CDD chip. There is also a GPS chip 11 on the circuit board in the housing 1. The GPS chip can be set to receive and make the portable identification device output the straight-line distance between the target aircraft and the measuring point, which is convenient for tracking. The ends of the receiving head 5 and the laser emitting head 6 are inside the opening 4 .

The aircraft controller of the UAV that can be identified by the UAV identification device based on light wave information in the present invention is connected with a light strip or a single LED light.

An information modulation and demodulation method of an unmanned aerial vehicle identification device based on light wave information of the present invention is shown in Figure 3, and the specific steps are as follows:

1) The UAV combines the UAV identification number and other relevant information into a data frame of the corresponding format and compiles it into a Manchester code, and then modulates the Manchester code of the data frame to a carrier of the corresponding frequency and emits it from the LED;

Firstly, the carrier frequency f _L is determined according to the type of LED used to transmit light information on the UAV side. The LED type is determined by the color of the LED. Generally, the type of LED is mainly determined by the color of the LED. Among them, f _L should be less than the communication allowed by the color LED Bandwidth G _c ;

Secondly, if the identification number of the drone is n-digit hexadecimal numbers, then the identification number data length n, the identification number itself and the check code are converted into binary codes and spliced in sequence to form a complete set of data frames;

Then convert the binary data frame obtained by the above process into Manchester code format, in which the jump from 1 to 0 represents the number 1, and the jump from 0 to 1 represents the number 0, and then add data synchronization to the front end of the Manchester code sequence Bit, the data synchronization bit is n ¹ binary 1s, the back end is added with a data stop bit, the data stop bit is n ² binary 0s, and then the combined Manchester code sequence is modulated onto the carrier using a digital modulator ;

Finally, according to the carrier signal, the current flowing through the LED is controlled through the drive circuit, and the binary information is emitted by the LED on and off;

2) The receiving end of the UAV identification device adopts line-of-sight collection of LED light information, and the light intensity emitted by the LED is determined by the following formula:

I(φ)=I(0)cos ^m (φ);

Among them, I(0) is the central luminous intensity of the LED, φ is the radiation angle, and m is the Lambertian radiation series;

3) Use the photosensitive device to collect the light intensity emitted by the onboard LED, convert the LED on and off into the corresponding digital value 0 or 1, set the timer at the receiving end according to the pre-agreed carrier frequency, so that the photosensitive device every Every T/2 time, where T is the time occupied by each binary data bit, sample once, use this method to capture every jump of the Manchester code, and realize the capture of effective data frames by looking for synchronization bits, Finally, end the receiving process according to the data stop bit;

4) According to the encoding protocol of Manchester code, the effective data frame is decoded and restored to the ordinary binary format, and finally the UAV identification number is obtained.

As a further improvement of the present invention, in step 1, the identification number data length n, the identification number itself and the check code are converted into binary codes and the data content is encrypted by the key during the sequential splicing process, and the encryption will be effective by step 4 after the encryption is established. The data frame is decoded and restored to the common binary format to be decrypted, and the present invention can perform secret key encryption during the identification process.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other way, and any modification or equivalent change made according to the technical essence of the present invention still belongs to the scope of protection required by the present invention .

Claims (3)

1. Unmanned aerial vehicle identification device based on light wave information, including casing (1), display screen, objective (3), laser receiving head (5), laser emission head (6), half-transparent mirror (7), eyepiece (8), light signal receiver (9) and control chip (10), its characterized in that: there is the display screen casing (1) one side, casing (1) one end has objective (3) and opening (4), opening (4) are in objective (3) below, there is eyepiece (8) casing (1) other end, objective (3) and eyepiece (8) correspond each other, there are laser receiver head (5), laser emitter head (6), light signal receiver (9) and control chip (10) on the circuit board in casing (1), there is semi-transparent reflector (7) in casing (1), and light passes through objective (3) and reflects to light signal receiver (9) behind semi-transparent reflector (7), the tip of laser receiver head (5) and laser emitter head (6) is in opening (4);

an airplane controller of the unmanned aerial vehicle, which can be identified by the unmanned aerial vehicle identity identification device based on the light wave information, is connected with a lamp strip or a single LED lamp;

the display screen is a foldable display screen (2), and the end part of the foldable display screen (2) is connected with the side surface of the shell (1) through a hinge;

the optical signal receiver (9) is an LED receiving chip or a CDD chip;

and a GPS chip (11) is also arranged on the circuit board in the shell (1).

2. The information modulation and demodulation method of the unmanned aerial vehicle identification device based on the light wave information as claimed in claim 1 comprises the following specific steps:

1) The unmanned aerial vehicle combines the identification number of the unmanned aerial vehicle and other related information into a data frame with a corresponding format, and then the data frame is compiled into a Manchester code, and the Manchester code of the data frame is modulated onto a carrier wave with corresponding frequency and is transmitted by an LED; firstly, the carrier frequency f is determined according to the type of the LED used for emitting light information by the unmanned aerial vehicle end _L The LED type is determined by the color of the LED, wherein f _L Should be less than the communication bandwidth G allowed by the color LED _c (ii) a Secondly, setting the identification number of the unmanned aerial vehicle as an n-bit hexadecimal number, converting the identification number data length n, the identification number and the check code into binary codes, and splicing the binary codes in sequence to form a group of complete data frames; then, the binary data frame obtained in the above process is converted into a Manchester code format, wherein the jump from 1 to 0 represents the digit 1, the jump from 0 to 1 represents the digit 0, and a data synchronization bit is added at the front end of the Manchester code sequence, wherein the data synchronization bit is n ₁ A binary 1, a data stop bit is added at the rear end, and the data stop bit is n ₂ Binary 0, then modulating the combined Manchester code sequence onto a carrier wave by using a digital modulator; finally, controlling the current flowing through the LED through a driving circuit according to the carrier signal, and emitting binary information by the on and off of the LED;

2) The LED light information is collected in the sight distance through a receiving end in the unmanned aerial vehicle identity recognition device, and the light intensity emitted by an LED is determined by the following formula:

；

wherein I (0) is the central luminous intensity of the LED,

the radiation angle is defined, and m is a Lambert radiation series;

3) Collecting the light intensity emitted by an onboard LED by using a photosensitive device, converting the on and off of the LED into corresponding digital quantity 0 or 1, setting a timer of a receiving end according to a carrier frequency appointed in advance, enabling the photosensitive device to sample once at intervals of T/2, wherein T is the time occupied by each binary data bit, capturing the jump of each Manchester code by using the method, capturing an effective data frame by searching for a synchronization bit, and ending the receiving process according to a data stop bit;

4) And according to the encoding protocol of the Manchester code, decoding the effective data frame to restore the effective data frame to a common binary format, and finally obtaining the unmanned aerial vehicle identification number.

3. The information modulation and demodulation method of the unmanned aerial vehicle identification device based on the light wave information as claimed in claim 2, wherein: step 1) the data length n of the identification number, the identification number and the check code are converted into binary codes, the data content is encrypted through a secret key in the process of splicing in sequence, and after the encryption is set, the effective data frame is decrypted in the process of reducing the effective data frame into the common binary format in step four.

Images