CN105839165B - A kind of austenitic stainless steel and raising hardness and corrosion proof processing method - Google Patents
A kind of austenitic stainless steel and raising hardness and corrosion proof processing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种奥氏体不锈钢及提高硬度和耐蚀性的处理方法，处理方法，包括步骤：A、对奥氏体不锈钢工件进行渗氮、渗碳或氮碳共渗处理形成渗层；B、在电解液中对奥氏体不锈钢工件进行等离子体电化学处理，对渗层进行抛光的同时形成致密氧化层；C、然后对奥氏体不锈钢工件进行清洗和烘干。本发明采用等离子体电化学工艺对奥氏体不锈钢表面的渗层进行后处理，去除表面易腐蚀层的同时在渗层表面形成一层抗腐蚀的致密氧化层，从而同时提高了工件的硬度和耐蚀性，并且本发明的工艺具有处理速度快，工艺简单的特点，适合于大规模推广使用。
The invention discloses an austenitic stainless steel and a treatment method for improving hardness and corrosion resistance. The treatment method comprises steps: A. performing nitriding, carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment on an austenitic stainless steel workpiece to form a carburized layer; B. Perform plasma electrochemical treatment on the austenitic stainless steel workpiece in the electrolyte, and form a dense oxide layer while polishing the infiltrated layer; C. Then clean and dry the austenitic stainless steel workpiece. The invention adopts the plasma electrochemical process to post-treat the infiltrated layer on the surface of the austenitic stainless steel, and forms a corrosion-resistant dense oxide layer on the surface of the infiltrated layer while removing the easily corroded layer on the surface, thereby simultaneously improving the hardness and corrosion resistance of the workpiece. Corrosion resistance, and the process of the present invention has the characteristics of fast processing speed and simple process, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and use.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及金属表面处理技术领域，尤其涉及一种奥氏体不锈钢及提高硬度和耐蚀性的处理方法。The invention relates to the technical field of metal surface treatment, in particular to an austenitic stainless steel and a treatment method for improving hardness and corrosion resistance.
背景技术Background technique
奥氏体不锈钢耐蚀性（即耐腐蚀性）优异，被广泛用于众多工业领域，但硬度和耐磨性不佳，故限制了其应用。渗氮/碳处理是将氮/碳等元素渗入钢材，形成强化固溶体，能显著增强表面硬度和耐磨性，是常用的表面改性技术。常规高温渗处理温度较高（大于550℃），用于处理奥氏体不锈钢时，虽然可提高工件硬度，但会造成氮化铬或碳化铬析出，腐蚀性显著降低。低温渗处理将温度降低，可以生成高硬度、耐腐蚀的S相，但如果处理时间短则硬度提高有限；处理时间长，生成的S相在后期处理中分解出氮化铬或碳化铬，造成耐腐蚀性下降。Austenitic stainless steel has excellent corrosion resistance (that is, corrosion resistance) and is widely used in many industrial fields, but its hardness and wear resistance are poor, which limits its application. Nitriding/carbon treatment is to infiltrate nitrogen/carbon and other elements into steel to form a strengthening solid solution, which can significantly enhance surface hardness and wear resistance, and is a commonly used surface modification technology. Conventional high-temperature infiltration treatment has a relatively high temperature (greater than 550°C). When it is used to treat austenitic stainless steel, although it can increase the hardness of the workpiece, it will cause the precipitation of chromium nitride or chromium carbide, and the corrosion resistance will be significantly reduced. The low-temperature infiltration treatment lowers the temperature and can generate high hardness and corrosion-resistant S phase, but if the treatment time is short, the hardness increase is limited; if the treatment time is long, the generated S phase will decompose into chromium nitride or chromium carbide in the post-treatment, resulting in Decreased corrosion resistance.
中国专利公告号 1060503（硬质奥氏体不锈钢螺钉及其制备方法），公开了通过酸洗去除外硬层，可以显著提高渗层的耐蚀性，但硬度从1400HV降低到650HV；其他方法如中国专利公告号CN 101896632A在渗氮/碳后通过2次氧化和一次抛光工艺，将渗层表面氧化，使得耐蚀性大幅度提升，但在渗氮后又经历3次工艺，工艺繁琐，处理周期长。Chinese patent announcement No. 1060503 (Hard austenitic stainless steel screw and its preparation method) discloses that the removal of the outer hard layer by pickling can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of the infiltrated layer, but the hardness is reduced from 1400HV to 650HV; other methods such as Chinese patent announcement number CN 101896632A undergoes two oxidation and one polishing processes after nitriding/carburizing to oxidize the surface of the permeated layer, which greatly improves the corrosion resistance. The cycle is long.
因此，现有技术还有待于改进和发展。Therefore, the prior art still needs to be improved and developed.
发明内容Contents of the invention
鉴于上述现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种奥氏体不锈钢及提高硬度和耐蚀性的处理方法，旨在解决现有的处理方法难以同时提高硬度和耐蚀性以及处理工艺复杂等问题。In view of the above deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a treatment method for austenitic stainless steel and improving hardness and corrosion resistance, aiming at solving the problem that existing treatment methods are difficult to simultaneously improve hardness and corrosion resistance and the treatment process complicated issues.
本发明的技术方案如下：Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
一种提高奥氏体不锈刚硬度和耐蚀性的处理方法，其中，包括步骤：A treatment method for improving the rigidity and corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel, comprising the steps of:
A、对奥氏体不锈钢工件进行渗氮、渗碳或氮碳共渗处理形成渗层；A. Nitriding, carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment of austenitic stainless steel workpieces to form a carburized layer;
B、在电解液中对奥氏体不锈钢工件进行等离子体电化学处理，对渗层进行抛光的同时形成致密氧化层；B. Perform plasma electrochemical treatment on the austenitic stainless steel workpiece in the electrolyte, and form a dense oxide layer while polishing the infiltrated layer;
C、然后对奥氏体不锈钢工件进行清洗和烘干。C. Then clean and dry the austenitic stainless steel workpiece.
所述的提高奥氏体不锈刚硬度和耐蚀性的处理方法，其中，所述步骤A中，渗氮、渗碳和氮碳共渗处理均为离子渗、气体渗或液体渗中的一种。The treatment method for improving the rigidity and corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel, wherein, in the step A, the nitriding, carburizing and nitrocarburizing treatments are all ionized, gas-filled or liquid-filled. A sort of.
所述的提高奥氏体不锈刚硬度和耐蚀性的处理方法，其中，所述步骤A中，采用氮碳共渗处理方式，且其为离子渗。The treatment method for improving the rigidity and corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel, wherein, in the step A, the nitrocarburizing treatment method is adopted, and it is ionized.
所述的提高奥氏体不锈刚硬度和耐蚀性的处理方法，其中，等离子体电化学处理的电解液中，按质量百分比计，包括：六氟铝酸钠5-10%，六偏磷酸钠5-20%，乙二胺四乙酸二钠0.5-2%，十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.5-2%，氢氧化钠1-5%，余量为去离子水。The treatment method for improving the rigidity and corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel, wherein, in the electrolytic solution treated by plasma electrochemical treatment, by mass percentage, it includes: 5-10% sodium hexafluoroaluminate, hexadecimal Sodium phosphate 5-20%, disodium edetate 0.5-2%, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 0.5-2%, sodium hydroxide 1-5%, and the balance is deionized water.
所述的提高奥氏体不锈刚硬度和耐蚀性的处理方法，其中，等离子体电化学处理中，电源为双极性脉冲电源，奥氏体不锈钢工件为阳极，石墨为阴极，正向电压为600-800V，负向电压为50-200V，电流密度为5-20A/dm2，正向频率为500-800赫兹，负向频率为200-300赫兹，正向占空比为15%-40%，负向占空比为8%-20%，处理时间为0.5-5分钟。The treatment method for improving the rigidity and corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel, wherein, in the plasma electrochemical treatment, the power supply is a bipolar pulse power supply, the austenitic stainless steel workpiece is the anode, the graphite is the cathode, and the positive The voltage is 600-800V, the negative voltage is 50-200V, the current density is 5-20A/dm 2 , the forward frequency is 500-800 Hz, the negative frequency is 200-300 Hz, and the positive duty cycle is 15%. -40%, the negative duty cycle is 8%-20%, and the processing time is 0.5-5 minutes.
所述的提高奥氏体不锈刚硬度和耐蚀性的处理方法，其中，所述步骤A中，渗层的厚度大于或等于10微米。The treatment method for improving the rigidity and corrosion resistance of austenite stainless steel, wherein, in the step A, the thickness of the infiltrated layer is greater than or equal to 10 microns.
所述的提高奥氏体不锈刚硬度和耐蚀性的处理方法，其中，所述步骤A中，渗层的表面硬度大于1200HV。The treatment method for improving the rigidity and corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel, wherein, in the step A, the surface hardness of the infiltrated layer is greater than 1200HV.
所述的提高奥氏体不锈刚硬度和耐蚀性的处理方法，其中，所述步骤B中，致密氧化层的厚度为0.05-1微米。The treatment method for improving the rigidity and corrosion resistance of austenite stainless steel, wherein, in the step B, the thickness of the dense oxide layer is 0.05-1 micron.
一种奥氏体不锈钢，其中，采用如上所述的方法处理得到。An austenitic stainless steel, which is obtained by using the above-mentioned method.
有益效果：本发明先在奥氏体不锈钢表面形成渗层，再采用等离子体电化学工艺对奥氏体不锈钢表面的渗层进行后处理，去除表面易腐蚀层的同时在渗层表面形成一层抗腐蚀的致密氧化层（即复合氧化膜），从而同时提高了工件的硬度和耐蚀性，并且本发明的工艺具有处理速度快，工艺简单的特点，适合于大规模推广使用。Beneficial effects: the present invention firstly forms an infiltrated layer on the surface of the austenitic stainless steel, and then adopts the plasma electrochemical process to post-treat the infiltrated layer on the surface of the austenitic stainless steel, and forms a layer on the surface of the infiltrated layer while removing the easily corroded layer on the surface The anti-corrosion dense oxide layer (that is, the composite oxide film) improves the hardness and corrosion resistance of the workpiece at the same time, and the process of the present invention has the characteristics of fast processing speed and simple process, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and use.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种提高奥氏体不锈刚硬度和耐蚀性的处理方法较佳实施例的流程图。Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a treatment method for improving the rigidity and corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel according to the present invention.
图2为本发明的处理方法得到的奥氏体不锈刚的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the austenitic stainless steel obtained by the treatment method of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明提供一种奥氏体不锈钢及提高硬度和耐蚀性的处理方法，为使本发明的目的、技术方案及效果更加清楚、明确，以下对本发明进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。The present invention provides an austenitic stainless steel and a treatment method for improving hardness and corrosion resistance. In order to make the purpose, technical solution and effect of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.
请参阅图1，图1为本发明一种提高奥氏体不锈刚硬度和耐蚀性的处理方法较佳实施例的流程图，如图所示，其包括步骤：Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the treatment method for improving austenitic stainless rigidity and corrosion resistance of the present invention, as shown in the figure, it includes steps:
S1、对奥氏体不锈钢工件进行渗氮、渗碳或氮碳共渗处理形成渗层；S1. Perform nitriding, carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment on austenitic stainless steel workpieces to form a carburized layer;
S2、在电解液中对奥氏体不锈钢工件进行等离子体电化学处理，对渗层进行抛光的同时形成致密氧化层；S2. Perform plasma electrochemical treatment on the austenitic stainless steel workpiece in the electrolyte, and form a dense oxide layer while polishing the infiltrated layer;
S3、然后对奥氏体不锈钢工件进行清洗和烘干。S3, then cleaning and drying the austenitic stainless steel workpiece.
本发明克服了奥氏体不锈钢处理后硬度低和耐蚀性差的缺点，使用等离子体电化学处理，对奥氏体不锈钢渗层同时进行抛光和氧化处理，在渗层表面形成一层致密的复合氧化层（即致密氧化层），大幅度提高渗层的耐蚀性，使工件具有高硬度和高耐蚀性的特点，并且本发明的方法处理速度快，工艺简单。The invention overcomes the disadvantages of low hardness and poor corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel after treatment, and uses plasma electrochemical treatment to simultaneously polish and oxidize the infiltrated layer of austenitic stainless steel to form a dense composite layer on the surface of the infiltrated layer. The oxide layer (that is, the dense oxide layer) can greatly improve the corrosion resistance of the seepage layer, so that the workpiece has the characteristics of high hardness and high corrosion resistance, and the method of the invention has fast processing speed and simple process.
如图2所示，本发明中，先利用渗氮、渗碳或氮碳共渗处理，在奥氏体不锈钢工件10表面形成渗层20，通过渗层20增强工件表面硬度和耐磨性，然后再进行等离子体电化学处理，从而去除渗层20表面的易腐蚀层（抛光），同时还能生成抗腐蚀的致密氧化层30，最后经过清洗和烘干处理，得到的工件其不仅具有了较高的耐蚀性，同时还能兼具较高的硬度。As shown in Figure 2, in the present invention, first utilize nitriding, carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment, form the hardened layer 20 on the surface of austenitic stainless steel workpiece 10, enhance workpiece surface hardness and wear resistance through the hardened layer 20, Then carry out plasma electrochemical treatment to remove the easily corrodible layer (polishing) on the surface of the infiltrated layer 20, and at the same time generate an anti-corrosion dense oxide layer 30. Finally, after cleaning and drying, the obtained workpiece not only has It has high corrosion resistance and high hardness at the same time.
进一步，所述步骤S1中，渗氮、渗碳和氮碳共渗处理均为离子渗、气体渗或液体渗中的一种。也就是说，本发明中，可采用渗氮处理的方式生成渗层20，而渗氮处理具体又可采用离子渗、气体渗或液体渗中的一种；也可采用渗碳处理的方式生成渗层20，而渗碳处理具体又可采用离子渗、气体渗或液体渗中的一种；又或者采用氮碳共渗处理的方式生成渗层20，而氮碳共渗处理具体又可采用离子渗、气体渗或液体渗中的一种。Further, in the step S1, nitriding, carburizing and nitrocarburizing are all one of ionizing, gaseous or liquid infiltration. That is to say, in the present invention, the nitriding treatment can be used to form the carburized layer 20, and the nitriding treatment can be specifically one of ion permeation, gas permeation or liquid permeation; it can also be formed through carburizing. Carburizing layer 20, and the carburizing treatment can specifically use one of ion carburizing, gas carburizing or liquid carburizing; or use nitrocarburizing treatment to generate carburizing layer 20, and carburizing treatment can specifically use One of ionosmosis, gas infiltration or liquid infiltration.
本发明中，优选的处理方式是采用氮碳共渗处理方式，且其为离子渗，采用氮碳共渗处理方式，可使工件表面的渗层20具有更高的硬度和耐磨性，这是因为氮和碳能够同时渗入到钢材中，最终形成的强化固溶体，具有硬度高和耐磨性强的特点。另外形成的渗层20，其厚度大于或等于10微米，以确保工件表面具有足够的硬度，优选的是，渗层的表面硬度大于1200HV，从而使工件品质得到保证。Among the present invention, preferred treatment mode is to adopt nitrocarburizing treatment mode, and it is ionized, adopts nitrocarburizing treatment mode, can make the carburized layer 20 on workpiece surface have higher hardness and wear resistance, this It is because nitrogen and carbon can penetrate into the steel at the same time, and finally form a strengthened solid solution, which has the characteristics of high hardness and strong wear resistance. In addition, the thickness of the infiltrated layer 20 formed is greater than or equal to 10 microns to ensure that the surface of the workpiece has sufficient hardness. Preferably, the surface hardness of the infiltrated layer is greater than 1200HV, thereby ensuring the quality of the workpiece.
进一步，等离子体电化学处理的电解液中，按质量百分比计，包括：六氟铝酸钠5-10%，六偏磷酸钠5-20%，乙二胺四乙酸二钠0.5-2%，十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.5-2%，氢氧化钠1-5%，余量为去离子水。在该电解液的条件下，奥氏体不锈钢工件不会发生变形，可处理各种异型工件，降低了对工件形状的要求，同时生成的致密氧化层具有较高的耐蚀性，抗腐蚀性强。Further, in the electrolyte treated by plasma electrochemical treatment, by mass percentage, it includes: 5-10% sodium hexafluoroaluminate, 5-20% sodium hexametaphosphate, 0.5-2% disodium edetate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 0.5-2%, sodium hydroxide 1-5%, the balance is deionized water. Under the conditions of the electrolyte, the austenitic stainless steel workpiece will not deform, and can handle various special-shaped workpieces, reducing the requirements for the shape of the workpiece, and the dense oxide layer formed at the same time has high corrosion resistance and corrosion resistance. powerful.
进一步，等离子体电化学处理中，电源为双极性脉冲电源，奥氏体不锈钢工件为阳极，石墨为阴极，正向电压为600-800V，负向电压为50-200V，电流密度为5-20A/dm2，正向频率为500-800赫兹，负向频率为200-300赫兹，正向占空比为15%-40%，负向占空比为8%-20%，处理时间为0.5-5分钟。上述处理条件，可提高处理效率和处理速度，且生成的致密氧化层其厚度适中。Further, in the plasma electrochemical treatment, the power supply is a bipolar pulse power supply, the austenitic stainless steel workpiece is the anode, the graphite is the cathode, the forward voltage is 600-800V, the negative voltage is 50-200V, and the current density is 5- 20A/dm 2 , the positive frequency is 500-800 Hz, the negative frequency is 200-300 Hz, the positive duty cycle is 15%-40%, the negative duty cycle is 8%-20%, and the processing time is 0.5-5 minutes. The above processing conditions can improve the processing efficiency and processing speed, and the thickness of the dense oxide layer formed is moderate.
另外，致密氧化层的厚度为0.05-1微米。所述的致密氧化层厚度过薄，则达不到抗腐蚀的效果，如果厚度过厚，则会延长处理时间，提高成本，可能会影响不锈钢硬度，更优选的是0.3~0.8微米。In addition, the thickness of the dense oxide layer is 0.05-1 micron. If the thickness of the dense oxide layer is too thin, the anti-corrosion effect cannot be achieved. If the thickness is too thick, the processing time will be prolonged, the cost will be increased, and the hardness of the stainless steel may be affected. More preferably, it is 0.3-0.8 microns.
本发明还提供一种奥氏体不锈钢，其采用如上所述的方法处理得到。The present invention also provides an austenitic stainless steel, which is obtained through the above method.
实施例1Example 1
一种奥氏体不锈钢高硬度高耐蚀性处理方法，包含如下步骤A method for treating austenitic stainless steel with high hardness and high corrosion resistance, comprising the following steps
（1）对奥氏体不锈钢进行离子渗氮，渗层厚度10微米，表面硬度1200HV；(1) Ion nitriding of austenitic stainless steel, the thickness of the nitriding layer is 10 microns, and the surface hardness is 1200HV;
（2）在电解液中对工件进行等离子体电化学后处理，电解液各组分及质量百分比为：六氟铝酸钠5%，六偏磷酸钠5%，乙二胺四乙酸二钠0.5%，十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.5%，氢氧化钠1%，余量为去离子水；采用双极性脉冲电源，工件为阳极，石墨为阴极，正向电压为600V，负向电压为50V，电流密度为5A/dm2，正向频率为500赫兹，负向频率为200赫兹，正向占空比为15%，负向占空比为8%，处理时间为0.5分钟。致密氧化层厚度为0.05微米；(2) Perform plasma electrochemical post-treatment on the workpiece in the electrolyte. The components and mass percentages of the electrolyte are: sodium hexafluoroaluminate 5%, sodium hexametaphosphate 5%, disodium edetate 0.5 %, 0.5% sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 1% sodium hydroxide, and the balance is deionized water; a bipolar pulse power supply is used, the workpiece is the anode, the graphite is the cathode, the forward voltage is 600V, and the negative voltage The current density is 50V, the current density is 5A/dm 2 , the forward frequency is 500 Hz, the negative frequency is 200 Hz, the positive duty cycle is 15%, the negative duty cycle is 8%, and the processing time is 0.5 minutes. The thickness of the dense oxide layer is 0.05 microns;
（3）清洗烘干。(3) Wash and dry.
处理后的工件，表面硬度1200HV，中性盐雾时间大于200h。The treated workpiece has a surface hardness of 1200HV and a neutral salt spray time of more than 200h.
实施例2：Example 2:
一种奥氏体不锈钢高硬度高耐蚀性处理方法，包含如下步骤：A method for treating austenitic stainless steel with high hardness and high corrosion resistance, comprising the following steps:
（1）对奥氏体不锈钢进行气体渗碳，渗层厚度20微米，表面硬度1200HV；(1) Gas carburizing of austenitic stainless steel, the thickness of the carburized layer is 20 microns, and the surface hardness is 1200HV;
（2）在电解液中对工件进行等离子体电化学后处理，电解液各组分及质量百分比为：六氟铝酸钠7%，六偏磷酸钠10%，乙二胺四乙酸二钠1%，十二烷基苯磺酸钠1%，氢氧化钠2%，余量为去离子水；采用双极性脉冲电源，工件为阳极，石墨为阴极，正向电压为700V，负向电压为100V，电流密度为10A/dm2，正向频率为600赫兹，负向频率为250赫兹，正向占空比为25%，负向占空比为15%，处理时间为2分钟。致密氧化层厚度为0.5微米；(2) Perform plasma electrochemical post-treatment on the workpiece in the electrolyte. The components and mass percentages of the electrolyte are: sodium hexafluoroaluminate 7%, sodium hexametaphosphate 10%, disodium edetate 1 %, 1% sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 2% sodium hydroxide, and the balance is deionized water; a bipolar pulse power supply is used, the workpiece is the anode, the graphite is the cathode, the positive voltage is 700V, and the negative voltage The current density is 100V, the current density is 10A/dm 2 , the forward frequency is 600 Hz, the negative frequency is 250 Hz, the positive duty cycle is 25%, the negative duty cycle is 15%, and the processing time is 2 minutes. The thickness of the dense oxide layer is 0.5 microns;
（3）清洗烘干。(3) Wash and dry.
处理后的工件，表面硬度1200HV，中性盐雾时间大于300h。The treated workpiece has a surface hardness of 1200HV and a neutral salt spray time of more than 300h.
实施例3：Example 3:
一种奥氏体不锈钢高硬度高耐蚀性处理方法，包含如下步骤：A method for treating austenitic stainless steel with high hardness and high corrosion resistance, comprising the following steps:
（1）对奥氏体不锈钢进行液体氮碳共渗，渗层厚度30微米，表面硬度1300HV；(1) Liquid nitrocarburizing is carried out on austenitic stainless steel, the thickness of the carburized layer is 30 microns, and the surface hardness is 1300HV;
（2）在电解液中对工件进行等离子体电化学后处理，电解液各组分及质量百分比为：六氟铝酸钠10%，六偏磷酸钠20%，乙二胺四乙酸二钠2%，十二烷基苯磺酸钠2%，氢氧化钠5%，余量为去离子水；采用双极性脉冲电源，工件为阳极，石墨为阴极，正向电压为800V，负向电压为200V，电流密度为20A/dm2，正向频率为800赫兹，负向频率为300赫兹，正向占空比为40%，负向占空比为20%，处理时间为5分钟。致密氧化层厚度为1微米；(2) Perform plasma electrochemical post-treatment on the workpiece in the electrolyte. The components and mass percentages of the electrolyte are: sodium hexafluoroaluminate 10%, sodium hexametaphosphate 20%, disodium edetate 2 %, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 2%, sodium hydroxide 5%, and the balance is deionized water; a bipolar pulse power supply is used, the workpiece is the anode, graphite is the cathode, the forward voltage is 800V, and the negative voltage The current density is 200V, the current density is 20A/dm 2 , the forward frequency is 800 Hz, the negative frequency is 300 Hz, the positive duty cycle is 40%, the negative duty cycle is 20%, and the processing time is 5 minutes. The thickness of the dense oxide layer is 1 micron;
（3）清洗烘干。(3) Wash and dry.
处理后的工件，表面硬度1300HV，中性盐雾时间大于400h。The treated workpiece has a surface hardness of 1300HV and a neutral salt spray time of more than 400h.
实施例4：Example 4:
一种奥氏体不锈钢高硬度高耐蚀性处理方法，包含如下步骤：A method for treating austenitic stainless steel with high hardness and high corrosion resistance, comprising the following steps:
（1）对奥氏体不锈钢进行离子氮碳共渗，渗层厚度40微米，表面硬度1400HV；(1) Ion nitrocarburizing is performed on austenitic stainless steel, the thickness of the carburized layer is 40 microns, and the surface hardness is 1400HV;
（2）在电解液中对工件进行等离子体电化学后处理，电解液各组分及质量百分比为：六氟铝酸钠10%，六偏磷酸钠20%，乙二胺四乙酸二钠2%，十二烷基苯磺酸钠2%，氢氧化钠5%，余量为去离子水；采用双极性脉冲电源，工件为阳极，石墨为阴极，正向电压为800V，负向电压为200V，电流密度为20A/dm2，正向频率为800赫兹，负向频率为300赫兹，正向占空比为40%，负向占空比为20%，处理时间为5分钟。致密氧化层厚度为1微米；(2) Perform plasma electrochemical post-treatment on the workpiece in the electrolyte. The components and mass percentages of the electrolyte are: sodium hexafluoroaluminate 10%, sodium hexametaphosphate 20%, disodium edetate 2 %, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 2%, sodium hydroxide 5%, and the balance is deionized water; a bipolar pulse power supply is used, the workpiece is the anode, graphite is the cathode, the forward voltage is 800V, and the negative voltage The current density is 200V, the current density is 20A/dm 2 , the forward frequency is 800 Hz, the negative frequency is 300 Hz, the positive duty cycle is 40%, the negative duty cycle is 20%, and the processing time is 5 minutes. The thickness of the dense oxide layer is 1 micron;
（3）清洗烘干。(3) Wash and dry.
处理后的工件，表面硬度1400HV，中性盐雾时间大于400h。The treated workpiece has a surface hardness of 1400HV and a neutral salt spray time of more than 400h.
综上所述，本发明先在奥氏体不锈钢表面形成渗层，再采用等离子体电化学工艺对奥氏体不锈钢表面的渗层进行后处理，去除表面易腐蚀层的同时在渗层表面形成一层抗腐蚀的致密氧化层，从而同时提高了工件的硬度和耐蚀性，并且本发明的工艺具有处理速度快，工艺简单的特点，适合于大规模推广使用。In summary, the present invention first forms an infiltrated layer on the surface of austenitic stainless steel, and then adopts a plasma electrochemical process to post-treat the infiltrated layer on the surface of austenitic stainless steel. A corrosion-resistant dense oxide layer improves the hardness and corrosion resistance of the workpiece at the same time, and the process of the invention has the characteristics of fast processing speed and simple process, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and use.
应当理解的是，本发明的应用不限于上述的举例，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，所有这些改进和变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art can make improvements or transformations according to the above descriptions, and all these improvements and transformations should belong to the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.
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