CN105835374A - 3D printing method for fiber-grade electric conduction product based on reactive extrusion - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a 3D printing method of fiber-level conductive products based on reaction extrusion, which melts lactam monomers and/or lactone monomers with auxiliary agents and plasticizers, and performs polymerization reactions under the action of catalysts. The conductive filler is added before or during the process, and then the final product is obtained after fused deposition 3D printing and heat treatment. The invention adopts a high-precision and high-adaptability 3D printer, which has high molding precision, high efficiency, good mechanical properties of products, and good dispersion of functional components; the process of directly producing products from polymerized monomers improves production flexibility and avoids It eliminates the warping of semi-crystalline polymers such as nylon and polyester due to crystallization and large temperature differences, and even fails to print. The invention broadens the types of fused deposition 3D printing materials, improves product quality, and is widely used in the fields of automobile materials, electronic devices, engineering materials, electromagnetic shielding materials and the like.

Description

A fiber-level 3D printing method for reactive extrusion-based conductive products

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and relates to a 3D printing method of a fiber-level conductive product based on reaction extrusion, in particular to a 3D printing method directly from a monomer to a product.

Background technique

3D printing technology is a rapid prototyping technology that is gradually becoming popular at present. This is a green desktop rapid prototyping technology, which has the advantages of small size, low cost, low pollution, and convenient use. The basic principle is to use polymer materials as the base material, adopt fused accumulation molding or fused deposition molding technology, complete the structure and formation of object pairs by layer-by-layer printing, and finally form products by layer-by-layer stacking, which can be built layer by layer under precise positioning. various three-dimensional objects.

Using the characteristics of 3D printing, it can be controlled by software, and through the transformation of equipment, materials with specific functions can be printed out. Polymer materials currently used for 3D printing include acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), nylon (PA), polycarbonate (PC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). etc., mainly polymer products. At present, with the gradual development of 3D printer technology, the scope of product use is gradually expanding. The market's requirements for products not only stay in the performance of the body, but also increase the functional requirements for 3D printing products.

The patent "3D printing material with self-cleaning conductive filling function and its preparation method and application" (CN104530668A) discloses a method for preparing a functionalized 3D printing material: the 3D printing material contains the following components: polylactic acid or acrylonitrile-butylene 70-85 parts of high polymers such as diene-styrene terpolymer; 1-5 parts of pigment powders such as titanium dioxide and red powder; 1-5 parts of inorganic fillers such as ultrafine calcium carbonate, ultrafine silica and talcum powder 0.5-1.5 parts of nano conductive filler titanium dioxide, 10-20 parts of isoprene rubber and thermoplastic polyester elastomer binder. The invention mixes the aforementioned components uniformly; then puts the uniformly mixed material into a single-screw plastic extruder, extrudes, cools and shapes, dries, pulls, and winds to obtain a 3D printing material with self-cleaning conductive filling function . The patent "a flame-retardant composite material for 3D printing and its preparation method" (CN104479349A) provides a flame-retardant composite material for 3D printing, including the following raw materials by weight: 60-95 parts by weight of nylon resin The lubricant of 0.3-2 weight part of the ABS resin of 5-40 weight part; The compatibilizer of 5-20 weight part; The antioxidant of 0.2-1 weight part; The amorphous red phosphorus of 5-30 weight part, the The 3D printing raw materials and their products prepared by the method have certain flame retardant properties. The patent "a conductive 3D printing plastic line and its production method" (CN103788565A) discloses a conductive 3D printing plastic line and its production method, which includes the following components according to the mass fraction ratio: 100 parts of ABS, 35-55 parts of nano conductive carbon black, 0.5-3 parts of titanate coupling agent, the invention obtains 3D printing plastic wire with conductivity.

From the perspective of existing technology, functional composite materials and products for 3D printing have been reported, but there are still some problems, mainly in the following aspects: Among the polymer raw materials, mainly pre-polymerized materials cannot be quickly regulated The bulk properties of the material; during the 3D printing process, the polymer needs to be remelted, and because the melting tube of the conventional 3D printing is short, in order to ensure the melting of the polymer, the heating temperature needs to be raised to 20-50°C above the melting point of the polymer , This secondary processing process affects the performance of the polymer itself, and it is easy to produce low molecules, and bubbles are prone to appear during the printing process, which affects the performance of the part. At the same time, the remelting process is also a waste of energy. In the process of making functionalized 3D printing raw materials, the method of blending is usually used, which is difficult to achieve uniform distribution of functional components, especially nano-scale functional powders are prone to agglomeration during the blending process, resulting in functional The effect is reduced and the product quality is not stable, and there may be clogging of the nozzle due to the accumulation of functional components. For nylon and polyester materials, they have strong water absorption, relatively poor chemical stability, inconvenient storage of materials, and are not suitable for industrialization. These are important factors that limit the development of 3D printing nylon and polyester materials.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a 3D printing method of fiber-level conductive products based on reaction extrusion, which is a 3D printing method from monomers directly to products. The invention adopts a 3D printer with high precision, high efficiency and high adaptability, uses polymer monomers as raw materials, adds a certain amount of functional components, and obtains 3D printed products with specific functions through 3D printer molding. This method is directly from the monomer to the product, which reduces the cooling and remelting steps in the conventional 3D printing steps, reduces the cost, and also avoids the impact of the degradation of the secondary melting process on the product quality, and also avoids the degradation of the material due to water absorption, etc. Degradation and performance degradation during processing; direct products from monomers can reduce the processing and molding temperature, avoiding the problem of dimensional changes caused by thermal shrinkage due to excessive temperature differences; at the same time, functional components and Uniform blending of monomers, or adding functional components during the polymerization process, to achieve in-situ polymerization of functional components. Compared with conventional screw blending, it improves the dispersion effect of functional components, avoids the agglomeration of functional components, and improves the product quality. High quality, avoiding nozzle clogging; and strong controllability, the production process can be adjusted according to product quality requirements to achieve single-line multi-variety production with good production continuity; at the same time, the use of high-precision, high-efficiency and high-adaptability 3D printers improves the degree of freedom of molding, Production speed and molding precision.

A fiber-level 3D printing method for conductive products based on reactive extrusion of the present invention, after melting lactam monomers and/or lactone monomers with auxiliary agents and plasticizers, the polymerization reaction is carried out under the action of a catalyst. Adding a conductive filler before or during the process to obtain the target polymer; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition, and stacked layer by layer to form a three-dimensional workpiece; the three-dimensional workpiece is heat-treated to obtain the final product;

The plasticizer is more than one of dibutyl phthalate, citrate, gallium chloride, lithium chloride, calcium chloride, clay, and rare earth; an appropriate amount of plasticizer is added to the printing raw materials, The crystallinity of the semi-crystalline polymer is reduced, and the melting point of the polymer is lowered so that it can be printed at a lower temperature. At the same time, the plasticizer can interact with multiple molecular chains in the system at the same time, so that the molecular chains Form a network structure and reduce the mobility of molecular chains. The plasticizer is the crosslinking center and plays the role of micro-crosslinking, so that the difference in fluidity of the polymer before and after melting is reduced.

The heat treatment refers to keeping at 100-180° C. for 3-60 minutes. 3D printed parts, the polymerization reaction is not completely completed; the polymerization reaction system used in the present invention, at a certain temperature, the polymer described in the present invention still has polymerization activity under the action of a catalyst, which can be obtained by heat treatment at a certain temperature For a period of time, the polymerization reaction is continued to obtain a product with a specific molecular weight, and the performance of the product can be adjusted.

As a preferred technical solution:

As mentioned above, a fiber-level 3D printing method based on reactive extrusion conductive products, the lactam monomer is valerolactam, caprolactam, enantholactam, capryllactam, caprolactam, decanolactam, decaprolactam More than one of monolactam and laurolactam; the lactone monomer is valerolactone, caprolactone, enantholactone, capryllactone, decanolactone, dedecalactone, undecalactone, More than one of laurolactone; the catalyst is more than one of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and organometallic compounds; the organometallic compound is methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, benzene A stable compound formed by combining one of the bases with one of the sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium; the auxiliary agent is more than one of the acetyl caprolactam, isocyanate, carbamate, carbonate, and sulfonate .

As mentioned above, a fiber-level 3D printing method based on reactive extrusion conductive products can add conductive fillers before or during polymerization to endow the product with antistatic and radiation-proof functions. The conductive filler is one or more of conductive carbon black, metal fragments or powder, stainless steel wire, carbon fiber, graphite fiber, copper fiber, aluminized glass fiber; the metal fragment or powder is copper, nickel, silver One or more of , CuI, SnO ₂ , SnO ₂ /Sb, SnO ₂ /In, CuS, CuCl, ZnO, TiO ₂ .

A fiber-level 3D printing method for conductive products based on reactive extrusion as described above, the temperature of the polymerization reaction is 150-300°C, the amount of catalyst added is 0.01-1wt%, and the amount of additives added is 0.1-5wt% , the added amount of the plasticizer is 10-40wt%, the added amount of the conductive filler is 0.01-30wt% of the monomer, and the number average molecular weight of the target polymer is 1000-20000.

As mentioned above, a fiber-level 3D printing method based on reactive extrusion of conductive products, the polymerization reaction is completed in a screw extruder, and the number average molecular weight of the polymer is precisely regulated by controlling the screw temperature and catalyst content; The screw extruder includes a screw, an extrusion motor connected to the screw, a heating ring, a temperature sensor and a metering pump; the screw is one of single screw, twin screw, and triple screw, and the aspect ratio is 12-48, etc. The screw pitch, the helix angle is 14-18°, the screw groove depth is 1.5-3.5mm, and the surface roughness is Ra0.4-0.8; the extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixedly installed on the right side of the screw, supported by a vertical shaft fixed; the heating ring and the temperature sensor are installed outside the screw rod.

As mentioned above, a fiber-level 3D printing method based on reactive extrusion conductive products, the steps of the 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAD or CAM software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the coordinate G code of the molding;

(2) The target polymer is conveyed forward, and is accurately and quantitatively controlled by a metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system, and the forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system; when the temperature of the extruded polymer is low After the curing temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a cross-section of one layer thickness of the molded part. The deposited material at the end of one layer is quickly solidified and bonded with the surrounding materials. The deposition, so layer by layer to form a three-dimensional workpiece.

As mentioned above, a fiber-level 3D printing method based on reactive extrusion conductive products, the moving speed of the forming platform is 10-10000mm/s; the melt flow rate of the metering pump is 0.1-3000L/h, and the precision It is ±0.1%, so as to ensure the precise control of the extrusion volume during the molding process, ensure the stability of the entire mechanism in continuous work, and at the same time play the role of pressurization to ensure the smooth extrusion of high-viscosity thermoplastic materials.

A 3D printing method for fiber-level conductive products based on reaction extrusion as described above, the 3D printing adopts a three-dimensional printer device, including a screw extrusion mechanism, a three-dimensional motion mechanism, a working platform mechanism and a computer control and drive arranged in sequence system, the screw extrusion mechanism is fixed relative to the working platform and the molded parts; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional motion mechanism; the computer control and driving system is used for the automatic control and driving of the whole machine .

A fiber-level 3D printing method based on reaction-extruded conductive products as described above, the three-dimensional motion mechanism is composed of an X-axis motion mechanism, a Y-axis motion mechanism, and a Z-axis motion mechanism; the X-axis motion mechanism includes an X Axis motor and lead screw guide; the Y-axis movement mechanism consists of a Y-axis motor and a lead screw guide; the Z-axis movement mechanism consists of a Z-axis motor and a lead screw guide; the X-axis support is fixed on the Y-axis wire On the bar nut, the Y-axis support is fixed on the support frame of the forming work platform, and the Z-axis is vertically fixed on the base.

As mentioned above, a fiber-level 3D printing method based on reactive extrusion of conductive products, the working platform mechanism is composed of a forming working platform, a forming working platform support frame and a leveling nut; the forming working platform is installed on the The X-axis motion mechanism has a suitable friction coefficient, which can well fix the first layer of printing materials; the forming work platform support frame is fixedly connected with the Y-axis motion mechanism, and is fixed with the Z-axis motion slider at the same time. Connected, it can move up and down linearly with the Z axis; the leveling nut can adjust the height of the forming work platform to ensure the verticality requirement of the forming work platform plane to the discharge port of the nozzle.

As mentioned above, a fiber-level 3D printing method based on reactive extrusion of conductive products, the screw extrusion mechanism is vertical or horizontal, which includes a feeding cylinder, a screw extrusion device and a screw extrusion device connected The nozzle system; the feeding cylinder includes a feeding cylinder connected to the screw extruder, the feeding cylinder is in the shape of a circular funnel, and a drying heater is arranged outside; the nozzle system consists of a delivery pipeline, a nozzle, a turntable, a cut-off Composed of a valve and a cooling device; the nozzle is installed at the end of the conveying pipeline, the number of nozzles includes at least one, and its shape is one or more of circular, rectangular, triangular, rhombus, and the nozzle contains 1-1000 spray holes , the shape of the nozzle hole is one or more of circular, rectangular, triangular, rhombus, cross-shaped, in-line, Y-shaped, the diameter of the nozzle outlet is 10-500μm, and a cooling device is installed above the nozzle, and the cooling device is a ring Blowing or side blowing, the wind temperature is 15-25°C, and the wind speed is 0.01-0.1m/s; the cut-off valve is installed above the cooling device of the nozzles, and is used to control the working state of the multiple nozzles.

Beneficial effect:

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following obvious outstanding substantive features and significant advantages:

(1) By adopting the combination of screw and metering pump, the present invention realizes the precise control of the amount of wire output from the nozzle and the stability of the wire output during the molding process, and improves the molding accuracy; at the same time, through the pressurization of the metering pump, it realizes molding of high-viscosity thermoplastic Polymers, thereby broadening the range of options for molding materials and making them highly adaptable.

(2) The present invention can effectively improve the extrusion speed of the material from the nozzle through the boosting effect of the metering pump, and accumulate the molded parts faster, thereby improving the molding efficiency; in addition, the booster can use a nozzle with a smaller diameter, reducing The cross-sectional area of the extruded material is small, and better molding accuracy is achieved. At the same time, due to the large increase in the specific surface area of the extruded wire, its cooling rate increases, which can further increase the molding speed, and the increase in the molding speed can greatly increase extrusion. The degree of orientation of the filaments can be improved, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the molded parts.

(3) By adopting multiple nozzles and multiple nozzles in the present invention, multiple molded parts can be molded at the same time, thereby effectively improving the molding efficiency and meeting the requirements of batch molding.

(4) Since the fused deposition 3D printing heating tube is relatively short, in order to completely melt the polymer, the melting temperature must be increased, while the present invention reduces the steps of cooling and remelting in the conventional 3D printing steps from the monomer directly to the product, reducing the The cost is reduced; the secondary melting process is easy to produce small molecules and cause degradation. Small molecules will form stress concentration points in the workpiece, which greatly reduces the mechanical properties of the workpiece, and degradation will reduce the molecular weight of the polymer. The reduction of molecular weight means that the material The reduction of the mechanical properties of itself brings about the reduction of the mechanical properties of the product. The present invention eliminates the secondary melting process, thereby avoiding the influence of small molecules produced in the secondary melting process and other degradation processes on product quality.

(5) From the monomer to the product, the present invention reduces the steps of cooling and remelting in the conventional 3D printing steps, avoids the remelting process of the slices, can reduce the processing and molding temperature, and also avoids the printing materials due to water absorption during storage. The decline of the material quality and the degradation caused by it; the present invention can precisely control the polymerization temperature, control the molecular weight of the polymer during printing, and then obtain the finished product through post-processing, which can reduce the printing temperature and avoid thermal damage due to excessive temperature difference. The problem of dimensional changes caused by shrinkage; the invention can also obtain products with different properties by adjusting the post-treatment process, and at the same time eliminate thermal history, heat setting, and further improve the performance of the product.

(6) In conventional fused deposition 3D printing, usually one raw material can only print products with one performance. In this invention, from the monomer directly to the product, different products can be obtained by adjusting the polymerization process and formula, which greatly improves the flexibility of product production. , reducing the dependence of product performance on raw materials.

(7) The present invention introduces an appropriate amount of plasticizer in the printing raw material, which reduces the crystallinity of the semi-crystalline polymer, reduces the melting point of the polymer, enables printing at a lower temperature, and reduces the printing temperature and The difference between ambient temperatures avoids the shrinkage and performance degradation of parts caused by crystallization and temperature differences; at the same time, the plasticizer can interact with multiple molecular chains in the system at the same time, so that the molecular chains form a network Structure, reducing the mobility of molecular chains, plasticizers are cross-linking centers, which play the role of micro-cross-linking, so that the difference in fluidity of the polymer before and after melting is reduced, which is conducive to the shape retention of the filaments extruded from the nozzle . At the same time, the plasticizer can play a lubricating role, so that the nozzle will not be blocked during the FDM forming process, and the 3D printed product is easy to separate the support material or the forming platform, and the forming is more stable.

(8) The present invention realizes the uniform blending of functional components and monomer beating, or adds functional components during the polymerization process to realize in-situ polymerization of functional components, and improves the dispersion effect of functional components compared with conventional screw blending , to avoid the agglomeration of functional components, improve product quality, and avoid nozzle clogging.

(9) Compared with conventional fused deposition 3D printing, the diameter of the nozzle hole outlet used in the present invention can be as small as 10 μm, reaching the fiber-level standard. This design can greatly improve the accuracy of 3D printing, make 3D printing more delicate, and improve 3D printing. The quality and fineness of printed products have also improved the scope of application of 3D printing.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

Example 1

A 3D printing method for fiber-grade conductive products based on reaction extrusion, the lactam monomer valerolactam and the lactone monomer valerolactone with the addition of 0.1wt% additive acetyl caprolactam and the addition of 10wt% % plasticizer dibutyl phthalate; after melting, the polymerization reaction is carried out under the action of 0.01wt% catalyst sodium hydroxide at a temperature of 150°C, and 0.01wt% conductive filler is added before the polymerization reaction agent conductive carbon black to obtain the target polymer whose number average molecular weight is 1000, and the polymerization reaction is completed in a screw extruder. The screw extruder includes a screw, an extrusion motor connected to the screw, a heating ring, a temperature sensor and a metering pump; It is a single screw with a length-to-diameter ratio of 12, equal pitch, a helix angle of 14°, a screw groove depth of 1.5mm, and a surface roughness of Ra0.4; the extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixedly installed on the right side of the screw. The straight support shaft is fixed; the heating ring and temperature sensor are installed on the outside of the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition, and stacked layer by layer to form a three-dimensional workpiece; the three-dimensional workpiece is kept at 100°C for 3 minutes to obtain the final product, and the 3D printing uses a three-dimensional printer The device includes a screw extruding mechanism, a three-dimensional motion mechanism, a working platform mechanism and a computer control and drive system arranged in sequence, the screw extruding mechanism is fixed relative to the working platform and the molded part; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional moving mechanism; The computer control and drive system is used for the automatic control and drive of the whole machine; the three-dimensional motion mechanism is composed of X-axis motion mechanism, Y-axis motion mechanism and Z-axis motion mechanism; the X-axis motion mechanism is composed of X-axis motor and screw guide rail; The Y-axis motion mechanism consists of a Y-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the Z-axis motion mechanism consists of a Z-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the X-axis support is fixed on the Y-axis screw nut, and the Y-axis support is fixed on the support frame of the forming work platform Above, the Z axis is vertically fixed on the base; the working platform mechanism is composed of a forming working platform, a forming working platform support frame and a leveling nut; The first layer of printing material is well fixed; the supporting frame of the forming work platform is fixedly connected with the Y-axis movement mechanism, and at the same time, it is fixedly connected with the Z-axis movement slider, which can move up and down linearly with the Z-axis; the leveling nut can adjust the forming The height of the working platform ensures that the plane of the forming working platform is perpendicular to the outlet of the nozzle; the screw extrusion mechanism is vertical, which includes a feeding cylinder, a screw extrusion device and a nozzle system connected to the screw extrusion device; The barrel includes a feed barrel connected to the screw extrusion device. The feed barrel is in the shape of a round funnel, and a drying heater is installed outside; the nozzle system is composed of a conveying pipeline, a nozzle, a turntable, a stop valve and a cooling device; the nozzle is installed on the conveyor At the end of the pipeline, there is one nozzle, which is circular in shape. The nozzle contains a nozzle hole, the shape of the nozzle hole is circular, and the diameter of the nozzle outlet is 10 μm. At the same time, a cooling device is installed above the nozzle. The cooling device is a ring blower. The wind temperature is 15°C, and the wind speed is 0.01m/s; the shut-off valve is installed above the cooling device of the nozzle;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAD software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the coordinate G code of the molding;

(2) The target polymer is conveyed forward, and is accurately quantitatively controlled by the metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system. The moving speed of the forming platform is 10mm/s. The melt flow rate of the pump is 0.1L/h, and the precision is 0.1%. When the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a section with a thickness of one layer of the molded part. The deposited material at the end of one layer solidifies rapidly and Bonded with the surrounding materials, the forming platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 2

A 3D printing method for fiber grade conductive products based on reactive extrusion, the lactam monomer caprolactam and the lactone monomer caprolactone are added with an additive of 5wt% isocyanate and an added amount of 40wt% plasticizer Citric acid ester; After melting, under the action of 1wt% catalyst potassium hydroxide, the temperature is 300°C for polymerization reaction. During the polymerization reaction, 30wt% conductive filler metal fragment copper is added to obtain the number average molecular weight For the target polymer of 20000, the polymerization reaction is completed in a screw extruder. The screw extruder includes a screw, an extrusion motor connected to the screw, a heating coil, a temperature sensor and a metering pump; the screw is a twin screw, and the aspect ratio is 48 , equal pitch, helix angle of 18°, screw groove depth of 3.5mm, surface roughness of Ra0.8; the extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixedly installed on the right side of the screw and fixed by a vertical support shaft; the heating ring and temperature The sensor is installed on the outside of the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition, and stacked layer by layer to form a three-dimensional workpiece; the three-dimensional workpiece is kept at 180°C for 60 minutes to obtain the final product, and the 3D printing adopts a three-dimensional printer device, including sequentially arranged screw extrusion mechanism, three-dimensional motion mechanism, working platform mechanism and computer control and drive system, the screw extrusion mechanism is fixed relative to the working platform and the molded parts; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional motion mechanism; the computer control and drive system is used for the whole The automatic control and drive of the machine; the three-dimensional motion mechanism is composed of the X-axis motion mechanism, the Y-axis motion mechanism and the Z-axis motion mechanism; the X-axis motion mechanism includes the X-axis motor and the screw guide; the Y-axis motion mechanism includes the Y-axis motor The Z-axis motion mechanism consists of a Z-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the X-axis support is fixed on the Y-axis screw nut, the Y-axis support is fixed on the support frame of the forming work platform, and the Z-axis is vertically fixed on the base. On the seat; the working platform mechanism is composed of the forming working platform, the forming working platform support frame and the leveling nut; the forming working platform is installed on the X-axis motion mechanism, which has a suitable friction coefficient and can well fix the first layer of printing materials; The support frame of the forming work platform is fixedly connected with the Y-axis movement mechanism, and is also fixedly connected with the Z-axis movement slider, which can move up and down linearly with the Z-axis; the leveling nut can adjust the height of the forming work platform to ensure that the plane of the forming work platform is aligned with the nozzle The verticality requirements of the discharge port; the screw extrusion mechanism is horizontal, which includes a feeding cylinder, a screw extrusion device and a nozzle system connected to the screw extrusion device; the feeding cylinder includes a feeder connected to the screw extrusion device The feeding cylinder is in the shape of a round funnel, and a drying heater is installed outside; the nozzle system is composed of a conveying pipe, nozzle, turntable, shut-off valve and cooling device; the nozzle is installed at the end of the conveying pipe, and the number of nozzles includes 2, and its shape The nozzle is rectangular, and the nozzle contains 1000 nozzle holes. The shape of the nozzle hole is rectangular, and the diameter of the nozzle outlet is 500 μm. At the same time, a cooling device is installed above the nozzle. The shut-off valve is installed above the cooling device of the nozzle;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAM software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the formed coordinate G code;

(2) The target polymer is conveyed forward, and is accurately quantitatively controlled by the metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system. The moving speed of the forming platform is 10000mm/s. The melt flow rate of the pump is 3000L/h, and the accuracy is -0.1%. When the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a section with a thickness of one layer of the molded part. The deposited material at the end of one layer solidifies rapidly and Bonded with the surrounding materials, the forming platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 3

A fiber-level 3D printing method based on reactive extrusion conductive products, the lactam monomer enantholactam and the lactone monomer enantholactone with an additive amount of 0.5wt% carbamate and an additive amount of 15wt% plasticizer gallium chloride; after melting, under the action of a stable compound formed by the addition of 0.08wt% catalyst methyl and sodium, the temperature is 250 ° C. During the polymerization, add 0.9 The conductive filler stainless steel wire of wt% obtains the target polymer that the number average molecular weight is 10000, and polymerization reaction is finished in screw extruder, and screw extruder comprises screw, the extruding motor that connects screw, heating ring, temperature sensor and Metering pump; the screw is three-screw, the length-to-diameter ratio is 45, the pitch is equal, the helix angle is 16°, the depth of the screw groove is 1.8mm, and the surface roughness is Ra0.6; the extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixedly installed on the right side of the screw The side is fixed by a vertical support shaft; the heating ring and temperature sensor are installed outside the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition, and stacked layer by layer to form a three-dimensional workpiece; the three-dimensional workpiece is kept at 120°C for 10 minutes to obtain the final product, 3D The printing adopts a three-dimensional printer device, including a screw extrusion mechanism, a three-dimensional movement mechanism, a working platform mechanism and a computer control and drive system arranged in sequence. The screw extrusion mechanism is fixed relative to the working platform and the molded part; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional On the motion mechanism; the computer control and drive system is used for the automatic control and drive of the whole machine; the three-dimensional motion mechanism is composed of the X-axis motion mechanism, the Y-axis motion mechanism and the Z-axis motion mechanism; the X-axis motion mechanism includes the X-axis motor and the wire The Y-axis motion mechanism consists of a Y-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the Z-axis motion mechanism consists of a Z-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the X-axis support is fixed on the Y-axis screw nut, and the Y-axis support is fixed on the molding On the support frame of the working platform, the Z-axis is vertically fixed on the base; the working platform mechanism is composed of the forming working platform, the forming working platform support frame and the leveling nut; the forming working platform is installed on the X-axis movement mechanism, with suitable friction coefficient, which can fix the first layer of printing material very well; the support frame of the forming work platform is fixedly connected with the Y-axis movement mechanism, and is also fixedly connected with the Z-axis movement slider, which can move up and down linearly with the Z-axis; the leveling nut can be adjusted The height of the forming work platform ensures that the plane of the forming work platform is perpendicular to the outlet of the nozzle; the screw extrusion mechanism is vertical, which includes a feeding cylinder, a screw extrusion device and a nozzle system connected to the screw extrusion device; The feeding cylinder includes the feeding cylinder connected with the screw extrusion device. The feeding cylinder is in the shape of a circular funnel, and a drying heater is arranged outside; the nozzle system is composed of a conveying pipeline, a nozzle, a turntable, a shut-off valve and a cooling device; the nozzle is installed on the At the end of the pipeline, the number of nozzles includes 3, which are triangular in shape. The nozzles contain 800 nozzle holes. The wind temperature is 20°C and the wind speed is 0.05m/s; the shut-off valve is installed on the cooling but above the device;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAD software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the coordinate G code of the molding;

(2) The target polymer is transported forward, and is accurately and quantitatively controlled by the metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system, and the moving speed of the forming platform is 100mm/s , the melt flow rate of the metering pump is 1000L/h, and the accuracy is 0.1%; when the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a cross-section of one layer thickness of the molded part, and the deposition material of the end layer solidifies rapidly And bonded with the surrounding materials to form, the forming platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 4

A fiber-level 3D printing method based on reactive extrusion conductive products, the lactam monomer capryllactam and the lactone monomer caprylactone are added with an additive of 2wt% carbonate and an added amount of 20wt% Plasticizer Lithium Chloride; After melting, under the action of a stable compound formed by adding 0.07wt% of ethyl and potassium, the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 200°C. During the polymerization reaction, 2.5wt% of conductive Filler carbon fiber, the target polymer that obtains number-average molecular weight is 1000, and polymerization reaction is finished in screw extruder, and screw extruder comprises screw, the extruding motor that connects screw, heating ring, temperature sensor and metering pump; Screw is Single screw, length-to-diameter ratio of 15, equal pitch, helix angle of 16°, screw groove depth of 1.8mm, surface roughness of Ra0.6; the extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixedly installed on the right side of the screw. The support shaft is fixed; the heating ring and temperature sensor are installed outside the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition, and stacked layer by layer to form a three-dimensional workpiece; the three-dimensional workpiece is kept at 100°C for 60 minutes to obtain the final product, and the 3D printing adopts a three-dimensional printer device , including a screw extrusion mechanism, a three-dimensional motion mechanism, a working platform mechanism and a computer control and drive system arranged in sequence. The screw extrusion mechanism is fixed relative to the working platform and the molded part; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional movement mechanism; the computer The control and drive system is used for the automatic control and drive of the whole machine; the three-dimensional motion mechanism is composed of X-axis motion mechanism, Y-axis motion mechanism and Z-axis motion mechanism; the X-axis motion mechanism is composed of X-axis motor and screw guide rail; Axis motion mechanism consists of Y-axis motor and screw guide rail; Z-axis motion mechanism consists of Z-axis motor and screw guide rail; X-axis support is fixed on the Y-axis screw nut, and Y-axis support is fixed on the support frame of the forming work platform , the Z axis is vertically fixed on the base; the working platform mechanism is composed of a forming working platform, a forming working platform support frame and a leveling nut; The first layer of printing material is fixed; the supporting frame of the forming work platform is fixedly connected with the Y-axis movement mechanism, and at the same time, it is fixedly connected with the Z-axis movement slider, which can move up and down linearly with the Z-axis; the leveling nut can adjust the forming work The height of the platform ensures that the plane of the forming work platform is perpendicular to the outlet of the nozzle; the screw extrusion mechanism is horizontal, which includes a feeding cylinder, a screw extrusion device and a nozzle system connected to the screw extrusion device; The barrel includes a feeding barrel connected with a screw extrusion device. The feeding barrel is in the shape of a round funnel, and a drying heater is installed outside; the nozzle system is composed of a conveying pipeline, a nozzle, a turntable, a shut-off valve and a cooling device; the nozzle is installed on the conveying pipeline At the end, the number of nozzles includes one, which is diamond-shaped. The nozzle contains 500 nozzle holes. The shape of the nozzle holes is diamond-shaped, and the diameter of the nozzle outlet is 50 μm. 19℃, the wind speed is 0.02m/s; the shut-off valve is installed above the cooling device of the nozzle;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAD software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the coordinate G code of the molding;

(2) The target polymer is conveyed forward, and is accurately quantitatively controlled by a metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system, and the moving speed of the forming platform is 6000mm/s , the melt flow rate of the metering pump is 1500L/h, and the accuracy is -0.1%; when the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a section with a thickness of one layer of the molded part, and the deposited material of one layer ends quickly After solidification and bonding with the surrounding materials, the molding platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 5

A 3D printing method for fiber-level conductive products based on reactive extrusion, the lactam monomer caprolactam and the lactone monomer caprolactone with the addition of 3.5wt% additive sulfonate and the addition of 25wt% % plasticizer calcium chloride; after melting, the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 160°C under the action of a stable compound formed by the addition of 0.3wt% catalyst propyl group combined with calcium. During the polymerization reaction, 3wt% Conductive filler graphite fiber, to obtain a target polymer with a number average molecular weight of 1000, the polymerization reaction is completed in a screw extruder, which includes a screw, an extrusion motor connected to the screw, a heating ring, a temperature sensor and a metering pump The screw is a single screw with an aspect ratio of 32, equal pitch, a helix angle of 16°, a screw groove depth of 1.5mm, and a surface roughness of Ra0.8; the extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixedly installed on the right side of the screw, It is fixed by a vertical support shaft; the heating ring and temperature sensor are installed outside the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition, and stacked layer by layer to form a three-dimensional workpiece; the three-dimensional workpiece is kept at 110°C for 12 minutes to obtain the final product, and the 3D printing adopts The three-dimensional printer device includes a screw extrusion mechanism, a three-dimensional motion mechanism, a working platform mechanism and a computer control and drive system arranged in sequence. The screw extrusion mechanism is fixed relative to the working platform and the molded parts; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional movement mechanism Above; the computer control and drive system is used for the automatic control and drive of the whole machine; the three-dimensional motion mechanism is composed of the X-axis motion mechanism, the Y-axis motion mechanism and the Z-axis motion mechanism; the X-axis motion mechanism includes the X-axis motor and the screw guide rail Composition; Y-axis motion mechanism consists of Y-axis motor and screw guide rail; Z-axis motion mechanism consists of Z-axis motor and screw guide rail; X-axis support is fixed on the Y-axis screw nut, and Y-axis support is fixed on the forming work platform On the support frame, the Z-axis is vertically fixed on the base; the working platform mechanism is composed of a forming working platform, a forming working platform support frame and a leveling nut; the forming working platform is installed on the X-axis movement mechanism, and has a suitable friction coefficient, It can well fix the first layer of printing materials; the support frame of the forming work platform is fixedly connected with the Y-axis movement mechanism, and is also fixedly connected with the Z-axis movement slider, which can move up and down linearly with the Z-axis; the leveling nut can adjust the forming work The height of the platform ensures that the plane of the forming work platform is perpendicular to the outlet of the nozzle; the screw extrusion mechanism is vertical, which includes the feeding cylinder, the screw extrusion device and the nozzle system connected with the screw extrusion device; The barrel includes a feeding barrel connected with a screw extrusion device. The feeding barrel is in the shape of a round funnel, and a drying heater is installed outside; the nozzle system is composed of a conveying pipeline, a nozzle, a turntable, a shut-off valve and a cooling device; the nozzle is installed on the conveying pipeline At the end, the number of nozzles includes 10, which are rhombus-shaped. The nozzles contain 600 nozzle holes. The temperature is 22°C, and the wind speed is 0.09m/s; the shut-off valve is installed above the cooling device of the nozzle;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAD or CAM software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the coordinate G code of the molding;

(2) The target polymer is conveyed forward, and is accurately quantitatively controlled by the metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system. The moving speed of the forming platform is 6000mm/s. The melt flow rate of the pump is 100L/h, and the accuracy is 0.1%. When the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a section with a thickness of one layer of the molded part. The surrounding materials are bonded and formed, and the forming platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 6

A 3D printing method for fiber-grade conductive products based on reactive extrusion, the lactam monomer decanolactam and the lactone monomer dedecalactone are added with an additive of 4wt% acetyl caprolactam and an added amount of 23wt% Plasticizer clay; after melting, the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 160°C under the action of a stable compound formed by the addition of 0.2wt% catalyst butyl and magnesium. During the polymerization reaction, 5wt% conductive filler is added Copper fiber is used to obtain the target polymer with a number average molecular weight of 1200. The polymerization reaction is completed in a screw extruder. The screw extruder includes a screw, an extrusion motor connected to the screw, a heating ring, a temperature sensor and a metering pump; the screw is Single screw, length-to-diameter ratio is 30, equal pitch, helix angle is 14°, screw groove depth is 1.8mm, surface roughness is Ra0.5; the extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixedly installed on the right side of the screw, and is driven by a vertical The support shaft is fixed; the heating ring and temperature sensor are installed outside the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition, and stacked layer by layer to form a three-dimensional workpiece; the three-dimensional workpiece is kept at 130°C for 30 minutes to obtain the final product, and the 3D printing adopts a three-dimensional printer device , including a screw extrusion mechanism, a three-dimensional motion mechanism, a working platform mechanism and a computer control and drive system arranged in sequence. The screw extrusion mechanism is fixed relative to the working platform and the molded part; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional movement mechanism; the computer The control and drive system is used for the automatic control and drive of the whole machine; the three-dimensional motion mechanism is composed of X-axis motion mechanism, Y-axis motion mechanism and Z-axis motion mechanism; the X-axis motion mechanism is composed of X-axis motor and screw guide rail; Axis motion mechanism consists of Y-axis motor and screw guide rail; Z-axis motion mechanism consists of Z-axis motor and screw guide rail; X-axis support is fixed on the Y-axis screw nut, and Y-axis support is fixed on the support frame of the forming work platform , the Z axis is vertically fixed on the base; the working platform mechanism is composed of a forming working platform, a forming working platform support frame and a leveling nut; The first layer of printing material is fixed; the supporting frame of the forming working platform is fixedly connected with the Y-axis movement mechanism, and at the same time, it is fixedly connected with the Z-axis moving slider, which can move up and down linearly with the Z-axis; the leveling nut can adjust the height of the forming working platform , to ensure the verticality requirements of the forming work platform to the discharge port of the nozzle; the screw extrusion mechanism is horizontal, which includes the feeding cylinder, the screw extrusion device and the nozzle system connected with the screw extrusion device; the feeding cylinder includes The feeding cylinder connected to the screw extrusion device is in the shape of a round funnel, and a drying heater is installed outside; the nozzle system is composed of a conveying pipeline, a nozzle, a turntable, a shut-off valve and a cooling device; the nozzle is installed at the end of the conveying pipeline, and the nozzle The number includes 8, and its shape is round or rectangular. The nozzle contains 650 nozzle holes. The shape of the nozzle hole is round or rectangular. , the wind temperature is 15°C, and the wind speed is 0.1m/s; the shut-off valve is installed in the cooling device of the nozzle above;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAM software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the formed coordinate G code;

(2) The target polymer is conveyed forward, and is accurately quantitatively controlled by a metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system, and the moving speed of the forming platform is 30mm/s , the melt flow rate of the metering pump is 120L/h, and the accuracy is -0.1%; when the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a section with a thickness of one layer of the molded part, and the deposited material of one layer ends quickly After solidification and bonding with the surrounding materials, the molding platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 7

A 3D printing method for fiber-grade conductive products based on reactive extrusion, the lactam monomer undecalactam and the lactone monomer undecalactone are added with 0.1wt% additives acetyl caprolactam and isocyanate and Adding 30wt% plasticizer rare earth; the mass ratio of acetylcaprolactam to isocyanate is 1:1; after melting, under the action of a stable compound formed by adding 1wt% catalyst phenyl and sodium, the temperature is 300°C Carry out the polymerization reaction under the following conditions, in the polymerization reaction process, add the conductive filler aluminized glass fiber of 6wt%, obtain the target polymer that the number average molecular weight is 1000, the polymerization reaction is finished in the screw extruder, and the screw extruder comprises screw , Extrusion motor, heating coil, temperature sensor and metering pump connected to the screw; the screw is three-screw, the length-to-diameter ratio is 48, the pitch is equal, the helix angle is 18°, the depth of the screw groove is 1.5mm, and the surface roughness is Ra0. 8. The extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixedly installed on the right side of the screw and fixed by the vertical support shaft; the heating ring and temperature sensor are installed outside the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition and accumulated layer by layer to form a three-dimensional workpiece The 3D workpiece is kept at 160°C for 40 minutes to obtain the final product. 3D printing adopts a 3D printer device, including a screw extrusion mechanism, a 3D motion mechanism, a working platform mechanism, and a computer control and drive system. The screw extrusion mechanism is relative to the working The platform and molding parts are fixed; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional motion mechanism; the computer control and drive system is used for the automatic control and drive of the whole machine; the three-dimensional motion mechanism consists of X-axis motion mechanism, Y-axis motion mechanism and Z-axis motion mechanism. Composition of motion mechanism; X-axis motion mechanism consists of X-axis motor and screw guide rail; Y-axis motion mechanism consists of Y-axis motor and screw guide rail; Z-axis motion mechanism consists of Z-axis motor and screw guide rail; X-axis support is fixed On the Y-axis screw nut, the Y-axis support is fixed on the support frame of the forming work platform, and the Z-axis is vertically fixed on the base; the work platform mechanism is composed of the forming work platform, the support frame of the forming work platform and the leveling nut; The working platform is installed on the X-axis movement mechanism, has a suitable friction coefficient, and can well fix the first layer of printing materials; the forming work platform support frame is fixedly connected with the Y-axis movement mechanism, and at the same time, it is connected with the Z-axis movement slider It is fixed and can move up and down linearly with the Z axis; the leveling nut can adjust the height of the forming work platform to ensure the verticality of the forming work platform to the discharge port of the nozzle; the screw extrusion mechanism is vertical or horizontal, and its It includes a feeding cylinder, a screw extrusion device and a nozzle system connected with the screw extrusion device; the feeding cylinder includes a feeding cylinder connected with the screw extrusion device, the feeding cylinder is in the shape of a circular funnel, and a drying heater is arranged outside; The nozzle system consists of conveying pipeline, nozzle, turntable, shut-off valve and cooling device; the nozzle is installed at the end of the conveying pipeline, the number of nozzles includes 10, and its shape is triangular or rhombus, and the nozzle contains 800 spray holes, the shape of which is Cross-shaped, straight-shaped, the outlet diameter of the nozzle hole is 25μm, and a cooling device is installed above the nozzle , the cooling device is ring blowing or side blowing, the wind temperature is 25°C, and the wind speed is 0.1m/s; the stop valve is installed above the cooling device of the nozzle;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAD software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the coordinate G code of the molding;

(2) The target polymer is transported forward, and is accurately and quantitatively controlled by the metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system, and the moving speed of the forming platform is 10mm/s , the melt flow rate of the metering pump is 0.1L/h, and the accuracy is 0.1%. When the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a cross-section of one layer thickness of the molded part, and the deposited material of one layer ends quickly After solidification and bonding with the surrounding materials, the molding platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 8

A method for 3D printing of fiber-level conductive products based on reactive extrusion, the lactam monomer laurolactam and the lactone monomer laurolactone with additives carbamate and carbonate added in an amount of 5wt% The mixture, wherein the mass ratio of carbamate and carbonate is 1:2, and the mixture of plasticizer dibutyl phthalate and citrate in an amount of 36wt%, wherein dibutyl phthalate The mass ratio of ester and citric acid ester is 1:3; After melting, it acts on the mixture of catalyst sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide (wherein the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide is 2:1) The polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 160°C, and 7wt% of conductive filler nickel powder is added before the polymerization reaction to obtain a target polymer with a number average molecular weight of 10,000. The polymerization reaction is completed in a screw extruder, and the screw extruder Including the screw, the extrusion motor connected to the screw, the heating coil, the temperature sensor and the metering pump; the screw is a single screw, the length-to-diameter ratio is 30, the pitch is equal, the helix angle is 14°, the depth of the screw groove is 3.5 mm, and the surface roughness is Ra0.4; the extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixedly installed on the right side of the screw and fixed by a vertical support shaft; the heating ring and temperature sensor are installed outside the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition and accumulated layer by layer to form Three-dimensional workpiece; the final product is obtained after the three-dimensional workpiece is kept at 150°C for 10 minutes. The 3D printing adopts a three-dimensional printer device, including a screw extrusion mechanism, a three-dimensional movement mechanism, a working platform mechanism, and a computer control and drive system. The screw extrusion mechanism is relatively The working platform and molded parts are fixed; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional kinematic mechanism; the computer control and drive system is used for automatic control and driving of the whole machine; the three-dimensional kinematic mechanism consists of X-axis kinematic mechanism, Y-axis kinematic mechanism and Z-axis motion mechanism; X-axis motion mechanism consists of X-axis motor and screw guide rail; Y-axis motion mechanism consists of Y-axis motor and screw guide rail; Z-axis motion mechanism consists of Z-axis motor and screw guide rail; X-axis The support is fixed on the Y-axis screw nut, the Y-axis support is fixed on the support frame of the forming work platform, and the Z-axis is vertically fixed on the base; the work platform mechanism is composed of the forming work platform, the support frame of the forming work platform and the leveling nut The forming work platform is installed on the X-axis movement mechanism, which has a suitable friction coefficient and can well fix the first layer of printing materials; the support frame of the forming work platform is fixedly connected with the Y-axis movement mechanism, and at the same time moves with the Z-axis The slider is fixed and can move up and down linearly with the Z axis; the leveling nut can adjust the height of the forming work platform to ensure the verticality of the forming work platform to the discharge port of the nozzle; the screw extrusion mechanism is vertical or horizontal , which includes a feeding cylinder, a screw extrusion device and a nozzle system connected with the screw extrusion device; the feeding cylinder includes a feeding cylinder connected with the screw extrusion device, and the feeding cylinder is in the shape of a circular funnel, and the outside is provided with drying and heating device; the nozzle system is composed of conveying pipe, nozzle, turntable, shut-off valve and cooling device; the nozzle is installed at the end of the conveying pipe, the number of nozzles includes 6, and its shape is Diamond-shaped, the nozzle contains 600 nozzle holes, the shape of the nozzle hole is Y-shaped, and the diameter of the nozzle outlet is 300 μm. At the same time, a cooling device is installed above the nozzle. The shut-off valve is installed above the cooling device of the nozzle;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAM software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the formed coordinate G code;

(2) The target polymer is conveyed forward, and is accurately quantitatively controlled by a metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system, and the moving speed of the forming platform is 10000mm/s , the melt flow rate of the metering pump is 0.1L/h, and the accuracy is -0.1%; when the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a section with a thickness of one layer of the molded part, ending a layer of deposited material Rapidly solidified and bonded with the surrounding materials to form, the forming platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 9

A method for 3D printing of fiber-level conductive products based on reaction extrusion, the mass ratio of valerolactam, caprolactam, 5wt% additive acetylcaprolactam and 35wt% plasticizer in a mass ratio of 1:1 The agent is a mixture of clay and rare earth, wherein the mass ratio of clay and rare earth is 4:3; after melting, the polymerization reaction is carried out under the action of 0.01wt% catalyst sodium hydroxide at a temperature of 300 ° C. During the polymerization reaction Add 8wt% conductive filler silver fragments to obtain the target polymer with a number average molecular weight of 20000. The polymerization reaction is completed in a screw extruder. The screw extruder includes a screw, an extrusion motor connected to the screw, a heating ring, a temperature sensor and Metering pump; the screw is a single screw, the length-to-diameter ratio is 12, the pitch is equal, the helix angle is 14°, the depth of the screw groove is 1.5mm, and the surface roughness is Ra0.8; the extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixedly installed on the right side of the screw The side is fixed by a vertical support shaft; the heating ring and temperature sensor are installed outside the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition, and stacked layer by layer to form a three-dimensional workpiece; the three-dimensional workpiece is kept at 100°C for 60 minutes to obtain the final product, 3D The printing adopts a three-dimensional printer device, including a screw extrusion mechanism, a three-dimensional movement mechanism, a working platform mechanism and a computer control and drive system arranged in sequence. The screw extrusion mechanism is fixed relative to the working platform and the molded part; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional On the motion mechanism; the computer control and drive system is used for the automatic control and drive of the whole machine; the three-dimensional motion mechanism is composed of the X-axis motion mechanism, the Y-axis motion mechanism and the Z-axis motion mechanism; the X-axis motion mechanism includes the X-axis motor and the wire The Y-axis motion mechanism consists of a Y-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the Z-axis motion mechanism consists of a Z-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the X-axis support is fixed on the Y-axis screw nut, and the Y-axis support is fixed on the molding On the support frame of the working platform, the Z-axis is vertically fixed on the base; the working platform mechanism is composed of the forming working platform, the forming working platform support frame and the leveling nut; the forming working platform is installed on the X-axis movement mechanism, with suitable friction coefficient, which can well fix the first layer of printing materials; the support frame of the forming work platform is fixedly connected with the Y-axis movement mechanism, and is also fixedly connected with the Z-axis movement slider, which can move up and down linearly with the Z-axis; leveling The nut can adjust the height of the forming work platform to ensure the verticality of the forming work platform to the discharge port of the nozzle; the screw extrusion mechanism is vertical or horizontal, which includes a feeding cylinder, a screw extrusion device and a screw extrusion The nozzle system connected with the device; the feeding cylinder includes the feeding cylinder connected with the screw extrusion device, the feeding cylinder is in the shape of a circular funnel, and a drying heater is arranged outside; the nozzle system consists of a conveying pipeline, a nozzle, a turntable, a shut-off valve and a cooling The device is composed of: the nozzle is installed at the end of the conveying pipeline, the number of nozzles includes one, and its shape is circular. The cooling device is a circular air blower with a wind temperature of 15°C and a wind speed of 0.01m/s; The shut-off valve is installed above the cooling device of the nozzle;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAM software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the formed coordinate G code;

(2) The target polymer is transported forward, and is accurately quantitatively controlled by a metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system, and the moving speed of the forming platform is 500mm/s , the melt flow rate of the metering pump is 3000L/h, and the accuracy is 0.1%; when the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a section with a thickness of one layer of the molded part, and the deposition material of one layer is solidified rapidly And bonded with the surrounding materials to form, the forming platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 10

A 3D printing method for fiber-grade conductive products based on reaction extrusion, the lactam monomer valerolactam and the lactone monomer valerolactone with the addition of 0.1wt% additive acetyl caprolactam and the addition of 10wt% % of plasticizer dibutyl phthalate; after melting, under the action of 0.01wt% catalyst sodium hydroxide, the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 150°C. During the polymerization reaction, 11wt% of conductive Filler CuI fragments to obtain the target polymer with a number-average molecular weight of 1000, and the polymerization reaction is completed in a screw extruder, which includes a screw, an extrusion motor connected to the screw, a heating coil, a temperature sensor and a metering pump; the screw It is a single screw with a length-to-diameter ratio of 12, equal pitch, a helix angle of 14°, a screw groove depth of 1.5mm, and a surface roughness of Ra0.4; the extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixedly installed on the right side of the screw. The straight support shaft is fixed; the heating ring and temperature sensor are installed on the outside of the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition, and stacked layer by layer to form a three-dimensional workpiece; the three-dimensional workpiece is kept at 100°C for 3 minutes to obtain the final product, and the 3D printing uses a three-dimensional printer The device includes a screw extruding mechanism, a three-dimensional motion mechanism, a working platform mechanism and a computer control and drive system arranged in sequence, the screw extruding mechanism is fixed relative to the working platform and the molded part; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional moving mechanism; The computer control and drive system is used for the automatic control and drive of the whole machine; the three-dimensional motion mechanism is composed of X-axis motion mechanism, Y-axis motion mechanism and Z-axis motion mechanism; the X-axis motion mechanism is composed of X-axis motor and screw guide rail; The Y-axis motion mechanism consists of a Y-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the Z-axis motion mechanism consists of a Z-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the X-axis support is fixed on the Y-axis screw nut, and the Y-axis support is fixed on the support frame of the forming work platform Above, the Z axis is vertically fixed on the base; the working platform mechanism is composed of a forming working platform, a forming working platform support frame and a leveling nut; The first layer of printing material is well fixed; the supporting frame of the forming work platform is fixedly connected with the Y-axis movement mechanism, and at the same time, it is fixedly connected with the Z-axis movement slider, which can move up and down linearly with the Z-axis; the leveling nut can adjust the forming The height of the working platform ensures that the plane of the forming working platform is perpendicular to the outlet of the nozzle; the screw extrusion mechanism is vertical, which includes a feeding cylinder, a screw extrusion device and a nozzle system connected to the screw extrusion device; The barrel includes a feed barrel connected to the screw extrusion device. The feed barrel is in the shape of a round funnel, and a drying heater is installed outside; the nozzle system is composed of a conveying pipeline, a nozzle, a turntable, a stop valve and a cooling device; the nozzle is installed on the conveyor At the end of the pipeline, there is one nozzle, which is circular in shape. The nozzle contains a nozzle hole, the shape of the nozzle hole is circular, and the diameter of the nozzle outlet is 10 μm. At the same time, a cooling device is installed above the nozzle. The cooling device is a ring blower. The wind temperature is 15°C, and the wind speed is 0.01m/s; the shut-off valve is installed above the cooling device of the nozzle;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAD software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the coordinate G code of the molding;

(2) The target polymer is conveyed forward, and is accurately quantitatively controlled by the metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system. The moving speed of the forming platform is 10mm/s. The melt flow rate of the pump is 0.1L/h, and the precision is 0.1%. When the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a section with a thickness of one layer of the molded part. The deposited material at the end of one layer solidifies rapidly and Bonded with the surrounding materials, the forming platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 11

A 3D printing method for fiber grade conductive products based on reactive extrusion, the lactam monomer caprolactam and the lactone monomer caprolactone are added with an additive of 5wt% isocyanate and an added amount of 40wt% plasticizer Citric acid ester; After melting, under the action of 1wt% catalyst potassium hydroxide, the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 300°C, and the conductive filler _SnO powder of 15wt% is added in the polymerization reaction process to obtain a number average molecular weight of The target polymer of 20,000, the polymerization reaction is completed in the screw extruder, and the screw extruder includes a screw, an extrusion motor connected to the screw, a heating coil, a temperature sensor and a metering pump; the screw is a twin screw, and the aspect ratio is 48, Equal pitch, the helix angle is 18°, the depth of the screw groove is 3.5mm, and the surface roughness is Ra0.8; the extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixed on the right side of the screw and fixed by the vertical support shaft; the heating ring and temperature sensor Installed on the outside of the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition, and piled up layer by layer to form a three-dimensional workpiece; the three-dimensional workpiece is kept at 180°C for 60 minutes to obtain the final product, and the 3D printing adopts a three-dimensional printer device, including screw extrusion mechanisms arranged in sequence , three-dimensional motion mechanism, working platform mechanism and computer control and drive system, the screw extrusion mechanism is fixed relative to the working platform and molding parts; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional motion mechanism; the computer control and drive system is used for the whole machine The three-dimensional motion mechanism is composed of X-axis motion mechanism, Y-axis motion mechanism and Z-axis motion mechanism; the X-axis motion mechanism consists of X-axis motor and screw guide rail; the Y-axis motion mechanism includes Y-axis motor and wire The Z-axis motion mechanism consists of a Z-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the X-axis support is fixed on the Y-axis screw nut, the Y-axis support is fixed on the support frame of the forming work platform, and the Z-axis is vertically fixed on the base Above; the working platform mechanism is composed of forming working platform, forming working platform support frame and leveling nut; forming working platform is installed on the X-axis motion mechanism, which has a suitable friction coefficient and can well fix the first layer of printing materials; forming The support frame of the working platform is fixedly connected with the Y-axis motion mechanism, and at the same time, it is fixedly connected with the Z-axis motion slider, which can move up and down linearly with the Z-axis; the leveling nut can adjust the height of the forming work platform to ensure that the plane of the forming work platform is out of the nozzle. The verticality requirements of the feed port; the screw extrusion mechanism is horizontal, which includes a feeding cylinder, a screw extrusion device and a nozzle system connected to the screw extrusion device; the feeding cylinder includes a feeding cylinder connected to the screw extrusion device , the feeding cylinder is in the shape of a circular funnel, and a drying heater is installed outside; the nozzle system is composed of a conveying pipe, nozzle, turntable, shut-off valve and cooling device; the nozzle is installed at the end of the conveying pipe, and the number of nozzles includes 2, and its shape is Rectangular, the nozzle contains 1000 nozzle holes, the shape of the nozzle hole is rectangular, the diameter of the nozzle outlet is 500μm, and a cooling device is installed above the nozzle, the cooling device is side blowing, the air temperature is 25°C, and the wind speed is 0.1m/s; The valve is installed above the cooling device of the nozzle;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAM software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the formed coordinate G code;

(2) The target polymer is conveyed forward, and is accurately quantitatively controlled by the metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system. The moving speed of the forming platform is 10000mm/s. The melt flow rate of the pump is 3000L/h, and the accuracy is -0.1%. When the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a section with a thickness of one layer of the molded part. The deposited material at the end of one layer solidifies rapidly and Bonded with the surrounding materials, the forming platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 12

A fiber-level 3D printing method based on reactive extrusion conductive products, the lactam monomer enantholactam and the lactone monomer enantholactone with an additive amount of 0.5wt% carbamate and an additive amount of 15wt% plasticizer gallium chloride; after melting, the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 250°C under the action of a stable compound formed by the addition of 0.08wt% catalyst methyl and sodium, and 18wt% is added during the polymerization process Conductive filler SnO ₂ /Sb fragments to obtain a target polymer with a number average molecular weight of 10,000. The polymerization reaction is completed in a screw extruder. The screw extruder includes a screw, an extrusion motor connected to the screw, a heating ring, and a temperature sensor. and metering pump; the screw is three-screw, the length-to-diameter ratio is 45, the pitch is equal, the helix angle is 16°, the depth of the screw groove is 1.8mm, and the surface roughness is Ra0.6; the extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixedly installed on the screw The right side is fixed by a vertical support shaft; the heating ring and temperature sensor are installed outside the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition, and stacked layer by layer to form a three-dimensional workpiece; the three-dimensional workpiece is kept at 120°C for 10 minutes to obtain the final product. 3D printing adopts a three-dimensional printer device, including a screw extrusion mechanism, a three-dimensional motion mechanism, a working platform mechanism and a computer control and drive system arranged in sequence. The screw extrusion mechanism is fixed relative to the working platform and the molded parts; the working platform mechanism is installed on On the three-dimensional motion mechanism; the computer control and drive system is used for the automatic control and drive of the whole machine; the three-dimensional motion mechanism is composed of the X-axis motion mechanism, the Y-axis motion mechanism and the Z-axis motion mechanism; the X-axis motion mechanism includes the X-axis motor and The Y-axis motion mechanism consists of a Y-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the Z-axis motion mechanism consists of a Z-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the X-axis support is fixed on the Y-axis screw nut, and the Y-axis support is fixed on On the support frame of the forming work platform, the Z-axis is vertically fixed on the base; the work platform mechanism is composed of the forming work platform, the support frame of the forming work platform and the leveling nut; the forming work platform is installed on the X-axis movement mechanism, with a suitable The coefficient of friction can well fix the first layer of printing materials; the support frame of the forming work platform is fixedly connected with the Y-axis movement mechanism, and at the same time it is fixedly connected with the Z-axis movement slider, which can move up and down linearly with the Z-axis; the leveling nut can Adjust the height of the forming work platform to ensure the verticality of the forming work platform to the discharge port of the nozzle; the screw extrusion mechanism is vertical, which includes the feeding cylinder, the screw extrusion device and the nozzle system connected with the screw extrusion device ;The feeding cylinder includes the feeding cylinder connected with the screw extrusion device. The feeding cylinder is in the shape of a circular funnel, and a drying heater is arranged outside; the nozzle system is composed of a conveying pipeline, a nozzle, a turntable, a shut-off valve and a cooling device; the nozzle is installed At the end of the conveying pipeline, there are 3 nozzles, which are triangular in shape and contain 800 spray holes. The shape of the spray holes is triangular, and the diameter of the nozzle outlet is 100 μm. , the wind temperature is 20°C, and the wind speed is 0.05m/s; the globe valve is installed above the cooling device of the spray head;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAD software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the coordinate G code of the molding;

(2) The target polymer is transported forward, and is accurately and quantitatively controlled by the metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system, and the moving speed of the forming platform is 100mm/s , the melt flow rate of the metering pump is 1000L/h, and the accuracy is 0.1%; when the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a cross-section of one layer thickness of the molded part, and the deposition material of the end layer solidifies rapidly And bonded with the surrounding materials to form, the forming platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 13

A fiber-level 3D printing method based on reactive extrusion conductive products, the lactam monomer capryllactam and the lactone monomer caprylactone are added with an additive of 2wt% carbonate and an added amount of 20wt% Plasticizer Lithium Chloride; After melting, under the action of a stable compound formed by adding 0.07wt% of ethyl and potassium, the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 200 ° C, and 18wt% of conductive filler SnO is added during the polymerization process ₂ /In powder, the target polymer that obtains number-average molecular weight is 1000, polymerization reaction is finished in screw extruder, and screw extruder comprises screw, the extruding motor that connects screw, heating ring, temperature sensor and metering pump; It is a single screw with a length-to-diameter ratio of 15, equal pitch, a helix angle of 16°, a screw groove depth of 1.8mm, and a surface roughness of Ra0.6; the extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixedly installed on the right side of the screw. The straight support shaft is fixed; the heating ring and temperature sensor are installed outside the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition, and stacked layer by layer to form a three-dimensional workpiece; the three-dimensional workpiece is kept at 100°C for 60 minutes to obtain the final product, and the 3D printing uses a three-dimensional printer The device includes a screw extruding mechanism, a three-dimensional motion mechanism, a working platform mechanism and a computer control and drive system arranged in sequence, the screw extruding mechanism is fixed relative to the working platform and the molded part; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional moving mechanism; The computer control and drive system is used for the automatic control and drive of the whole machine; the three-dimensional motion mechanism is composed of X-axis motion mechanism, Y-axis motion mechanism and Z-axis motion mechanism; the X-axis motion mechanism is composed of X-axis motor and screw guide rail; The Y-axis motion mechanism consists of a Y-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the Z-axis motion mechanism consists of a Z-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the X-axis support is fixed on the Y-axis screw nut, and the Y-axis support is fixed on the support frame of the forming work platform Above, the Z axis is vertically fixed on the base; the working platform mechanism is composed of a forming working platform, a forming working platform support frame and a leveling nut; The first layer of printing material is well fixed; the supporting frame of the forming work platform is fixedly connected with the Y-axis movement mechanism, and at the same time, it is fixedly connected with the Z-axis movement slider, which can move up and down linearly with the Z-axis; the leveling nut can adjust the forming The height of the working platform ensures that the plane of the forming working platform is perpendicular to the discharge port of the nozzle; the screw extrusion mechanism is horizontal, which includes a feeding cylinder, a screw extrusion device and a nozzle system connected to the screw extrusion device; The barrel includes a feed barrel connected to the screw extrusion device. The feed barrel is in the shape of a round funnel, and a drying heater is installed outside; the nozzle system is composed of a conveying pipeline, a nozzle, a turntable, a stop valve and a cooling device; the nozzle is installed on the conveyor At the end of the pipeline, the number of nozzles includes one, which is diamond-shaped. The nozzle contains 500 nozzle holes. The shape of the nozzle holes is diamond-shaped, and the diameter of the nozzle outlet is 50 μm. The temperature is 19℃, the wind speed is 0.02m/s; the shut-off valve is installed on the cooling device of the nozzle square;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAD software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the coordinate G code of the molding;

(2) The target polymer is conveyed forward, and is accurately quantitatively controlled by a metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system, and the moving speed of the forming platform is 6000mm/s , the melt flow rate of the metering pump is 1500L/h, and the accuracy is -0.1%; when the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a section with a thickness of one layer of the molded part, and the deposited material of one layer ends quickly After solidification and bonding with the surrounding materials, the molding platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 14

A 3D printing method for fiber-level conductive products based on reactive extrusion, the lactam monomer caprolactam and the lactone monomer caprolactone with the addition of 3.5wt% additive sulfonate and the addition of 25wt% % plasticizer calcium chloride; after melting, under the action of a stable compound formed by the combination of 0.3wt% propyl and calcium, the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 160°C, and 20wt% conductive Filler CuS fragments to obtain the target polymer with a number average molecular weight of 1000, and the polymerization reaction is completed in a screw extruder, which includes a screw, an extrusion motor connected to the screw, a heating coil, a temperature sensor and a metering pump; the screw It is a single screw with a length-to-diameter ratio of 32, equal pitch, a helix angle of 16°, a screw groove depth of 1.5mm, and a surface roughness of Ra0.8; the extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixedly installed on the right side of the screw. The straight support shaft is fixed; the heating ring and temperature sensor are installed on the outside of the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition, and stacked layer by layer to form a three-dimensional workpiece; the three-dimensional workpiece is kept at 110°C for 12 minutes to obtain the final product, and the 3D printing uses a three-dimensional printer The device includes a screw extruding mechanism, a three-dimensional motion mechanism, a working platform mechanism and a computer control and drive system arranged in sequence, the screw extruding mechanism is fixed relative to the working platform and the molded part; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional moving mechanism; The computer control and drive system is used for the automatic control and drive of the whole machine; the three-dimensional motion mechanism is composed of X-axis motion mechanism, Y-axis motion mechanism and Z-axis motion mechanism; the X-axis motion mechanism is composed of X-axis motor and screw guide rail; The Y-axis motion mechanism consists of a Y-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the Z-axis motion mechanism consists of a Z-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the X-axis support is fixed on the Y-axis screw nut, and the Y-axis support is fixed on the support frame of the forming work platform Above, the Z axis is vertically fixed on the base; the working platform mechanism is composed of a forming working platform, a forming working platform support frame and a leveling nut; The first layer of printing material is well fixed; the support frame of the forming work platform is fixedly connected with the Y-axis movement mechanism, and at the same time it is fixed with the Z-axis movement slider, which can move up and down linearly with the Z-axis; the leveling nut can adjust the movement of the forming work platform Height, to ensure the verticality requirements of the forming working platform plane to the nozzle outlet; the screw extrusion mechanism is vertical, which includes the feeding cylinder, the screw extrusion device and the nozzle system connected with the screw extrusion device; the feeding cylinder includes The feeding cylinder connected with the screw extrusion device is in the shape of a round funnel, and a drying heater is installed outside; the nozzle system is composed of a conveying pipeline, a nozzle, a turntable, a shut-off valve and a cooling device; the nozzle is installed at the end of the conveying pipeline, The number of nozzles includes 10, the shape of which is rhombus, and the nozzle contains 600 nozzle holes. 22°C, the wind speed is 0.09m/s; the shut-off valve is installed above the cooling device of the nozzle;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAD or CAM software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the coordinate G code of the molding;

(2) The target polymer is conveyed forward, and is accurately quantitatively controlled by the metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system. The moving speed of the forming platform is 6000mm/s. The melt flow rate of the pump is 100L/h, and the accuracy is 0.1%. When the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a section with a thickness of one layer of the molded part. The surrounding materials are bonded and formed, and the forming platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 15

A 3D printing method for fiber-grade conductive products based on reactive extrusion, the lactam monomer decanolactam and the lactone monomer dedecalactone are added with an additive of 4wt% acetyl caprolactam and an added amount of 23wt% plasticizer clay; after melting, the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 160°C under the action of a stable compound formed by the addition of 0.2wt% catalyst butyl and magnesium, and 22wt% conductive filler CuCl is added during the polymerization process Powder, the number average molecular weight obtained is the target polymer of 1200, and the polymerization reaction is completed in the screw extruder, and the screw extruder comprises screw, the extruding motor that connects screw, heating ring, temperature sensor and metering pump; Screw is a single screw , the length-to-diameter ratio is 30, the pitch is equal, the helix angle is 14°, the depth of the screw groove is 1.8mm, and the surface roughness is Ra0.5; the extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixed on the right side of the screw, supported by a vertical Fixed; the heating ring and temperature sensor are installed outside the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition, and stacked layer by layer to form a three-dimensional workpiece; the three-dimensional workpiece is kept at 130°C for 30 minutes to obtain the final product, and the 3D printing adopts a three-dimensional printer device, including The screw extrusion mechanism, the three-dimensional motion mechanism, the working platform mechanism and the computer control and drive system are arranged in sequence. The screw extrusion mechanism is fixed relative to the working platform and the molded parts; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional movement mechanism; the computer control and The driving system is used for the automatic control and driving of the whole machine; the three-dimensional motion mechanism is composed of X-axis motion mechanism, Y-axis motion mechanism and Z-axis motion mechanism; the X-axis motion mechanism is composed of X-axis motor and screw guide rail; the Y-axis motion The mechanism consists of a Y-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the Z-axis movement mechanism consists of a Z-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the X-axis support is fixed on the Y-axis screw nut, and the Y-axis support is fixed on the support frame of the forming work platform. The shaft is fixed vertically on the base; the working platform mechanism is composed of a forming working platform, a forming working platform support frame and a leveling nut; the forming working platform is installed on the X-axis movement mechanism, which has a suitable friction coefficient and can be well fixed The first layer of printing materials; the supporting frame of the forming working platform is fixedly connected with the Y-axis movement mechanism, and at the same time, it is fixedly connected with the Z-axis moving slider, which can move up and down linearly with the Z-axis; the leveling nut can adjust the height of the forming working platform to ensure The verticality requirements of the plane of the forming work platform to the discharge port of the nozzle; the screw extrusion mechanism is horizontal, which includes the feeding cylinder, the screw extrusion device and the nozzle system connected with the screw extrusion device; The feeding cylinder connected to the outlet device is in the shape of a round funnel, and a drying heater is installed outside; the nozzle system is composed of a conveying pipe, nozzle, turntable, shut-off valve and cooling device; the nozzle is installed at the end of the conveying pipe, and the number of nozzles Including 8 nozzles, the shape of which is round or rectangular. The nozzle contains 650 nozzle holes. The temperature is 15°C, the wind speed is 0.1m/s; the shut-off valve is installed in the cooling device of the nozzle put on top;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAM software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the formed coordinate G code;

(2) The target polymer is conveyed forward, and is accurately quantitatively controlled by a metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system, and the moving speed of the forming platform is 30mm/s , the melt flow rate of the metering pump is 120L/h, and the accuracy is -0.1%; when the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a section with a thickness of one layer of the molded part, and the deposited material of one layer ends quickly After solidification and bonding with the surrounding materials, the molding platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 16

A 3D printing method for fiber-grade conductive products based on reactive extrusion, the lactam monomer undecalactam and the lactone monomer undecalactone are added with 0.1wt% additives acetyl caprolactam and isocyanate and Adding 30wt% plasticizer rare earth; the mass ratio of acetylcaprolactam to isocyanate is 1:1; after melting, under the action of a stable compound formed by adding 1wt% catalyst phenyl and sodium, the temperature is 300°C Carry out the polymerization reaction under the following conditions, add 24wt% conductive filler ZnO fragments in the polymerization process, obtain the target polymer that the number average molecular weight is 1000, the polymerization reaction is finished in the screw extruder, and the screw extruder comprises screw rod, connecting screw rod Extrusion motor, heating coil, temperature sensor and metering pump; the screw is three-screw, the length-to-diameter ratio is 48, the pitch is equal, the helix angle is 18°, the depth of the screw groove is 1.5mm, and the surface roughness is Ra0.8; the connecting screw The extrusion motor is fixedly installed on the right side of the screw, fixed by a vertical support shaft; the heating ring and temperature sensor are installed outside the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition, and the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer; the three-dimensional workpiece is in The final product is obtained after keeping at 160°C for 40 minutes. The 3D printing adopts a 3D printer device, including a screw extrusion mechanism, a 3D motion mechanism, a working platform mechanism, and a computer control and drive system. The screw extrusion mechanism is relative to the working platform and the molded parts. Fixed; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional kinematic mechanism; the computer control and drive system is used for automatic control and driving of the whole machine; the three-dimensional kinematic mechanism is composed of X-axis kinematic mechanism, Y-axis kinematic mechanism and Z-axis kinematic mechanism; The X-axis motion mechanism consists of an X-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the Y-axis motion mechanism consists of a Y-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the Z-axis motion mechanism consists of a Z-axis motor and a screw guide rail; the X-axis support is fixed on the Y-axis wire On the bar nut, the Y-axis support is fixed on the support frame of the forming work platform, and the Z-axis is vertically fixed on the base; the work platform mechanism is composed of the forming work platform, the support frame of the forming work platform and the leveling nut; the forming work platform is installed on The X-axis motion mechanism has a suitable friction coefficient, which can well fix the first layer of printing materials; the support frame of the forming work platform is fixedly connected with the Y-axis motion mechanism, and is also fixedly connected with the Z-axis motion slider, which can Move up and down linearly with the Z axis; the leveling nut can adjust the height of the forming work platform to ensure the verticality of the forming work platform to the discharge port of the nozzle; the screw extrusion mechanism is vertical or horizontal, including the feeding cylinder , the screw extrusion device and the nozzle system connected with the screw extrusion device; the feeding cylinder includes the feeding cylinder connected with the screw extrusion device, the feeding cylinder is in the shape of a circular funnel, and a drying heater is arranged outside; the nozzle system consists of Pipeline, nozzle, turntable, shut-off valve and cooling device; the nozzle is installed at the end of the conveying pipeline, the number of nozzles includes 10, the shape is triangle, rhombus, the nozzle contains 800 spray holes, the shape of the spray hole is cross, one Glyph, the outlet diameter of the nozzle hole is 25μm, and a cooling device is installed above the nozzle, The cooling device is circular blowing or side blowing, the wind temperature is 25°C, and the wind speed is 0.1m/s; the stop valve is installed above the cooling device of the nozzle;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAD software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the coordinate G code of the molding;

(2) The target polymer is transported forward, and is accurately and quantitatively controlled by the metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system, and the moving speed of the forming platform is 10mm/s , the melt flow rate of the metering pump is 0.1L/h, and the accuracy is 0.1%. When the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a cross-section of one layer thickness of the molded part, and the deposited material of one layer ends quickly After solidification and bonding with the surrounding materials, the molding platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 17

A method for 3D printing of fiber-level conductive products based on reactive extrusion, the lactam monomer laurolactam and the lactone monomer laurolactone with additives carbamate and carbonate added in an amount of 5wt% The mixture, wherein the mass ratio of carbamate and carbonate is 1:2, and the mixture of plasticizer dibutyl phthalate and citrate in an amount of 36wt%, wherein dibutyl phthalate The mass ratio of ester and citric acid ester is 1:3; After melting, it acts on the mixture of catalyst sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide (wherein the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide is 2:1) The polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 160 °C, and 25 wt% of conductive filler _TiO2 powder is added during the polymerization process to obtain the target polymer with a number average molecular weight of 10000. The polymerization reaction is completed in a screw extruder, and the screw extrusion The machine includes a screw, an extrusion motor connected to the screw, a heating coil, a temperature sensor and a metering pump; the screw is a single screw, the length-to-diameter ratio is 30, the pitch is equal, the helix angle is 14°, the depth of the screw groove is 3.5mm, and the surface roughness Ra0.4; the extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixedly installed on the right side of the screw, fixed by a vertical support shaft; the heating ring and temperature sensor are installed outside the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition and accumulated layer by layer Form a three-dimensional workpiece; the three-dimensional workpiece is kept at 150°C for 10 minutes to obtain the final product. The 3D printing adopts a three-dimensional printer device, including a screw extrusion mechanism, a three-dimensional motion mechanism, a working platform mechanism, a computer control and drive system, and a screw extrusion mechanism. Relative to the working platform and the molded parts are fixed; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional motion mechanism; the computer control and drive system is used for the automatic control and drive of the whole machine; the three-dimensional motion mechanism consists of an X-axis motion mechanism and a Y-axis motion mechanism Composed of Z-axis motion mechanism; X-axis motion mechanism consists of X-axis motor and screw guide rail; Y-axis motion mechanism consists of Y-axis motor and screw guide rail; Z-axis motion mechanism consists of Z-axis motor and screw guide rail; X The shaft support is fixed on the Y-axis screw nut, the Y-axis support is fixed on the support frame of the forming work platform, and the Z-axis is vertically fixed on the base; the work platform mechanism consists of the forming work platform, the support frame of the forming work platform and the leveling nut Composition; the forming work platform is installed on the X-axis motion mechanism, has a suitable friction coefficient, and can well fix the first layer of printing materials; the forming work platform support frame is fixedly connected with the Y-axis motion mechanism, and is The moving slider is fixed and can move up and down linearly with the Z axis; the leveling nut can adjust the height of the forming work platform to ensure the verticality of the forming work platform to the discharge port of the nozzle; the screw extrusion mechanism is vertical or horizontal type, which includes a feeding cylinder, a screw extrusion device and a nozzle system connected with the screw extrusion device; Heater; nozzle system is composed of conveying pipe, nozzle, turntable, shut-off valve and cooling device; nozzle is installed at the end of conveying pipe, and the number of nozzles includes 6 , its shape is rhombus, the nozzle contains 600 spray holes, the shape of the spray hole is Y-shaped, the diameter of the spray hole outlet is 300μm, and a cooling device is installed above the nozzle, the cooling device is a ring blower, the air temperature is 15 ℃, and the wind speed is 0.1 m/s; the shut-off valve is installed above the cooling device of the nozzle;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAM software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the formed coordinate G code;

(2) The target polymer is conveyed forward, and is accurately quantitatively controlled by a metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system, and the moving speed of the forming platform is 10000mm/s , the melt flow rate of the metering pump is 0.1L/h, and the accuracy is -0.1%; when the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a section with a thickness of one layer of the molded part, ending a layer of deposited material Rapidly solidified and bonded with the surrounding materials to form, the forming platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 18

A 3D printing method for fiber-level conductive products based on reactive extrusion, using valerolactam and caprolactam with a mass ratio of 1:1 and an additive acetyl caprolactam in an amount of 5wt% and a plasticizer in an amount of 35wt% It is a mixture of clay and rare earth, wherein the mass ratio of clay and rare earth is 4:3; after melting, the polymerization reaction is carried out under the action of 0.01wt% catalyst sodium hydroxide at a temperature of 300°C, and 14wt% is added before polymerization The mixture of conductive filler conductive carbon black and stainless steel wire, wherein the mass ratio of conductive carbon black and stainless steel wire is 1:2, to obtain the target polymer with a number average molecular weight of 20000, the polymerization reaction is completed in the screw extruder, and the screw extruder The extruder includes a screw, an extrusion motor connected to the screw, a heating coil, a temperature sensor and a metering pump; the screw is a single screw with a length-to-diameter ratio of 12, equal pitch, a helix angle of 16°, a groove depth of 1.5mm, and a rough surface The temperature is Ra0.8; the extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixedly installed on the right side of the screw, fixed by a vertical support shaft; the heating ring and temperature sensor are installed outside the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition, layer by layer Pile up to form a three-dimensional workpiece; the three-dimensional workpiece is kept at 100°C for 60 minutes to obtain the final product. The 3D printing adopts a three-dimensional printer device, including a screw extrusion mechanism, a three-dimensional motion mechanism, a working platform mechanism, and a computer control and drive system. The mechanism is fixed relative to the working platform and the molded parts; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional motion mechanism; the computer control and drive system is used for the automatic control and drive of the whole machine; the three-dimensional motion mechanism is composed of X-axis motion mechanism, Y-axis motion Mechanism and Z-axis motion mechanism; X-axis motion mechanism consists of X-axis motor and screw guide rail; Y-axis motion mechanism consists of Y-axis motor and screw guide rail; Z-axis motion mechanism consists of Z-axis motor and screw guide rail; The X-axis support is fixed on the Y-axis screw nut, the Y-axis support is fixed on the support frame of the forming work platform, and the Z-axis is vertically fixed on the base; the work platform mechanism consists of the forming work platform, the support frame of the forming work platform and the leveling The forming work platform is installed on the X-axis motion mechanism, which has a suitable friction coefficient and can well fix the first layer of printing materials; the support frame of the forming work platform is fixedly connected with the Y-axis motion mechanism, and at the same time is connected with the Z The axis movement slider is fixed and can move up and down linearly with the Z axis; the leveling nut can adjust the height of the forming work platform to ensure the verticality of the forming work platform to the discharge port of the nozzle; the screw extrusion mechanism is vertical or Horizontal type, which includes a feeding cylinder, a screw extrusion device and a nozzle system connected with the screw extrusion device; the feeding cylinder includes a feeding cylinder connected with the screw extrusion device, and the feeding cylinder is in the shape of a circular funnel Drying heater; the nozzle system is composed of conveying pipeline, nozzle, turntable, shut-off valve and cooling device; the nozzle is installed at the end of the conveying pipeline, the number of nozzles includes one, its shape is circular, and the nozzle contains 1 nozzle hole, the shape of the nozzle hole is It is circular, and the outlet diameter of the nozzle hole is 500 μm. At the same time, a cooling device is installed above the nozzle. The cooling device is a circular blower, the air temperature is 15°C, and the wind speed is 0.01m/s; the stop valve is installed above the cooling device of the nozzle;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAM software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the formed coordinate G code;

(2) The target polymer is transported forward, and is accurately quantitatively controlled by a metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system, and the moving speed of the forming platform is 500mm/s , the melt flow rate of the metering pump is 3000L/h, and the accuracy is 0.1%; when the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a section with a thickness of one layer of the molded part, and the deposition material of one layer is solidified rapidly And bonded with the surrounding materials to form, the forming platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Example 19

A 3D printing method for fiber-level conductive products based on reactive extrusion, using valerolactam and caprolactam with a mass ratio of 1:1 and an additive acetyl caprolactam in an amount of 5wt% and a plasticizer in an amount of 36wt% It is a mixture of clay and rare earth, wherein the mass ratio of clay and rare earth is 4:3; after melting, the polymerization reaction is carried out under the action of 0.01wt% catalyst sodium hydroxide at a temperature of 300 ° C, and 18wt% is added before polymerization The mixture of conductive filler silver and nickel, wherein the mass ratio of silver and nickel is 1:5, to obtain the target polymer with number average molecular weight of 20000, the polymerization reaction is completed in the screw extruder, and the screw extruder includes screw, connecting Extrusion motor, heating coil, temperature sensor and metering pump of the screw; the screw is a single screw with a length-to-diameter ratio of 12, equal pitch, a helix angle of 16°, a groove depth of 1.5mm, and a surface roughness of Ra0.8; The extrusion motor connected to the screw is fixedly installed on the right side of the screw, and is fixed by a vertical support shaft; the heating ring and temperature sensor are installed outside the screw; then the target polymer is 3D printed by fusion deposition, and piled up layer by layer to form a three-dimensional workpiece; three-dimensional The workpiece is kept at 100°C for 60 minutes to obtain the final product. The 3D printing adopts a 3D printer device, including a screw extrusion mechanism, a 3D motion mechanism, a working platform mechanism, and a computer control and drive system arranged in sequence. The screw extrusion mechanism is relative to the working platform and The molded parts are fixed; the working platform mechanism is installed on the three-dimensional motion mechanism; the computer control and drive system is used for the automatic control and drive of the whole machine; the three-dimensional motion mechanism consists of X-axis motion mechanism, Y-axis motion mechanism and Z-axis motion mechanism Composition; X-axis motion mechanism consists of X-axis motor and screw guide rail; Y-axis motion mechanism consists of Y-axis motor and screw guide rail; Z-axis motion mechanism consists of Z-axis motor and screw guide rail; X-axis support is fixed on Y On the shaft screw nut, the Y-axis support is fixed on the support frame of the forming work platform, and the Z-axis is vertically fixed on the base; the work platform mechanism is composed of the forming work platform, the support frame of the forming work platform and the leveling nut; the forming work platform Installed on the X-axis motion mechanism, it has a suitable friction coefficient and can well fix the first layer of printing materials; the support frame of the forming work platform is fixedly connected with the Y-axis motion mechanism, and is also fixedly connected with the Z-axis motion slider , can move up and down linearly with the Z axis; the leveling nut can adjust the height of the forming work platform to ensure that the plane of the forming work platform is perpendicular to the discharge port of the nozzle; the screw extrusion mechanism is vertical or horizontal, including supply Barrel, screw extrusion device and nozzle system connected with the screw extrusion device; the feed cylinder includes a feed cylinder connected with the screw extrusion device, the feed cylinder is in the shape of a circular funnel, and a drying heater is arranged outside; the nozzle system It is composed of conveying pipe, nozzle, turntable, shut-off valve and cooling device; the nozzle is installed at the end of the conveying pipe, the number of nozzles includes one, its shape is circular, and the nozzle contains 1 nozzle hole, the shape of the nozzle hole is circular, and the nozzle hole The outlet diameter is 500μm, and a cooling device is installed above the nozzle. The cooling device is a ring blower, and the air temperature is 1 5°C, the wind speed is 0.01m/s; the shut-off valve is installed above the cooling device of the nozzle;

The specific steps of 3D printing include:

(1) Use CAM software to design product graphics on the computer, and then perform automatic layering and slicing of the model to obtain the plane data information of each processing level, and convert it into the formed coordinate G code;

(2) The target polymer is transported forward, and is accurately quantitatively controlled by a metering pump and extruded to the forming platform by the nozzle system. The forming platform moves in the X-Y plane under the control of the computer system, and the moving speed of the forming platform is 500mm/s , the melt flow rate of the metering pump is 3000L/h, and the accuracy is 0.1%; when the temperature of the extruded polymer is lower than the solidification temperature, it starts to solidify and form, and becomes a section with a thickness of one layer of the molded part, and the deposition material of one layer is solidified rapidly And bonded with the surrounding materials to form, the forming platform moves the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction to deposit the next layer, so that the three-dimensional workpiece is formed layer by layer.

Claims (10)

1. a 3D Method of printing for fibre-grade conductive articles based on reactive extrursion, is characterized in that: by lactam monomers and/or interior Under catalyst action, carry out polymerisation after ester monomer and auxiliary agent, plasticizer are melted, before polymerization or during add conduction Filler, it is thus achieved that subject polymer；Then described subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up formation three Dimension workpiece；Described 3 D workpiece after heat treatment obtains final products；

Described plasticizer is dibutyl phthalate, citrate, gallium chloride, lithium chloride, calcium chloride, clay, dilute One or more in soil；

Described heat treatment refers to keep 3-60min at 100-180 DEG C.

The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade the most according to claim 1 conductive articles based on reactive extrursion, it is characterised in that Described lactam monomers be valerolactam, caprolactam, oenantholcatam, spicy inner formyl amine, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers lactams, ten lactams, ten More than one in one lactams, lauric lactam；Described internal ester monomer be valerolactone, caprolactone, heptalactone, caprylolactone, More than one in certain herbaceous plants with big flowers lactone, ten lactones, undecalactone, dodecalactone；Described catalyst be NaOH, potassium hydroxide, More than one in organo-metallic compound；Described organo-metallic compound is in methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, phenyl A kind of with sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium in the stable compound that formed of a kind of combination；Described auxiliary agent be vinylcaprolactam, More than one in isocyanates, carbamate, carbonic ester and sulphonic acid ester；Described conductive filler is described conductive fill Agent is conductive carbon black, metal fragment or powder, stainless steel wire, carbon fiber, graphite fibre, copper fiber, aluminizes in glass One or more；Described metal fragment or powder are copper, nickel, silver, CuI, SnO₂、SnO₂/Sb、SnO₂/In、CuS、 CuCl、ZnO、TiO₂In one or more.

The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade the most according to claim 1 conductive articles based on reactive extrursion, it is characterised in that The temperature of described polymerisation is 150-300 DEG C, and catalyst loading is 0.01-1wt%, and additive dosage is 0.1-5wt%, Described plasticizer addition is 10-40wt%, and described conductive filler addition is the 0.01-30wt% of monomer, described target The number-average molecular weight of polymer is 1000-20000.

The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade the most according to claim 1 conductive articles based on reactive extrursion, it is characterised in that Described polymerisation completes in screw extruder, and described screw extruder includes screw rod, the extruder motor connecting screw rod, adds Gas ket, temperature sensor and measuring pump；Described screw rod is the one in single screw rod, twin-screw, three screw rods, and draw ratio is 12-48, uniform pitch, helical angle is 14-18 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.5-3.5mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.4-0.8；Institute The extruder motor stating connection screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, vertical support shaft fix；Described heating collar and temperature pass Sensor is arranged on outside screw rod.

The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade the most according to claim 1 conductive articles based on reactive extrursion, it is characterised in that The step that described 3D prints includes:

(1) use CAD or CAM Software for Design product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING section of model Process, obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of shaping；

(2) described subject polymer is fed forward, and is controlled by measuring pump accurate quantification and by nozzle system extrusion to becoming Type platform, shaped platform makees X-Y plane motion under computer system control；When the temperature of the polymer of extrusion is less than solid Change and start curing molding after temperature, become the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, terminate the deposition material of a layer solidify rapidly and with Adjacent material molding bonded, shaped platform, at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carries out the deposition of next layer, the most successively Pile up and form 3 D workpiece.

The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade the most according to claim 5 conductive articles based on reactive extrursion, it is characterised in that The translational speed of described shaped platform is 10-10000mm/s；Described measuring pump melt flow is 0.1-3000L/h, precision For ± 0.1%.

The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade the most according to claim 1 conductive articles based on reactive extrursion, it is characterised in that Described 3D prints and uses 3 D-printing machine, including the Screw Extrusion mechanism set gradually, three-dimensional motion mechanism, work Platform mechanism and computer control and drive system, and described Screw Extrusion mechanism is fixing relative to workbench and profiled member not Dynamic；Described workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；It is for complete machine that described computer controls with drive system Automatically control and drive.

The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade the most according to claim 7 conductive articles based on reactive extrursion, it is characterised in that Described three-dimensional motion mechanism is made up of X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis motion；Described X-axis is moved Mechanism includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Described Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition； Described Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Described X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, Y-axis is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal.

The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade the most according to claim 7 conductive articles based on reactive extrursion, it is characterised in that Described workbench mechanism is made up of shaping work platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut；Described shaping work Stage+module, on described X-axis motion, has suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to the most fixing ground floor prints Material；Described shaping work platform frame is connected with described Y-axis motion, the most affixed with Z axis moving slide block, Can do with Z axis and move along a straight line up and down；Described leveling nut can regulate the height of shaping workbench, it is ensured that shaping work The platform plane perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening.

The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade the most according to claim 7 conductive articles based on reactive extrursion, its feature exists In, described Screw Extrusion mechanism is vertical or horizontal, and it includes material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and and screw extrusion apparatus The nozzle system being connected；Described material feed drum includes the material feed drum being connected with screw extrusion apparatus, the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, Outside arranges drying heater；Described nozzle system is made up of conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk, stop valve and cooling device； Described nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, and nozzle number at least includes one, it is generally circular in shape, rectangle, triangle, One or more in rhombus, nozzle comprises 1-1000 spray orifice, spray orifice is generally circular in shape, rectangle, triangle, water chestnut One or more in shape, cross, in-line, Y shape, spray orifice outlet diameter is 10-500 μm, simultaneously above nozzle Installing cooling device, cooling device is ring blowing or cross air blasting, and wind-warm syndrome is 15-25 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.01-0.1m/s；Described Stop valve is installed on above the cooling device of shower nozzle.