CN105831393A - Method for producing selenium-rich biological powder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for producing selenium-rich biological powder. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) mixing selenium-rich yeast, plant straw, fruit, vegetable, mulberry leaves and wheat bran and carrying out fermentation so as to obtain a fermentation product; (2) feeding larvae of herbivorous flies, tenebrio molitor or silkworms so as to obtain F1 pupae; and (3) subjecting the F1 pupae to eclosion and drying and crushing left pupa shells so as to obtain F1 selenium-rich biological powder. The method may comprise other steps.

Description

A method for producing selenium-enriched biological powder

technical field

The invention relates to a method for producing selenium-enriched biological powder.

Background technique

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for the human body and has important physiological functions. It can prevent and inhibit tumors, resist aging, maintain the normal structure and function of the cardiovascular system, prevent arteriosclerosis and coronary heart disease, and has anti-oxidation and anti-tumor properties. and enhance immunity. Currently known human diseases related to selenium deficiency include cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, liver disease, high blood pressure, and sexual dysfunction. The Chinese Nutrition Society recommends that the daily selenium intake of Chinese people from the diet is 50-250 micrograms, and the daily selenium intake recommended by the World Health Organization is 400 micrograms. my country is a selenium-poor country, 72% of the area is in the soil selenium-poor zone. The normal daily selenium intake of Chinese people is only 17-32 micrograms, and the lowest is below 8 micrograms. If things go on like this, it will have adverse effects on human health. Therefore, selenium supplementation is very important for maintaining the health of selenium-deficient people.

Herbivorous flies, Tenebrio molitors and silkworms belong to complete metamorphosis insects, and one of their growth cycles can be divided into four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The present inventors found that in different growth stages, there are great differences in the distribution and accumulation of selenium in different parts of the body.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a method for producing selenium-enriched biological powder, which comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing selenium-enriched yeast, plant stalks, fruits, vegetables, mulberry leaves and wheat bran, and fermenting to obtain a fermented product;

(2) feeding grass fly larvae, Tenebrio molitor larvae or silkworm larvae with the fermentation product to obtain the first generation pupae;

(3) making the first-generation pupae emerge, drying and pulverizing the remaining pupal shells to obtain the first-generation selenium-enriched biological powder.

Preferably, the method for producing selenium-enriched biological powder also includes the following steps:

(4) adding part of the first-generation selenium-enriched biological powder obtained in step (3) into the basic feed for laying hens for raising laying hens, heating, drying, and pulverizing the eggs produced by the laying hens to obtain eggs Pulverized product, feeding the egg pupa larvae, Tenebrio molitor larvae or silkworm larvae together with the fermented product obtained in step (1) to obtain second-generation pupae;

(5) making the second-generation pupae emerge, drying and pulverizing the remaining pupal shells to obtain the second-generation selenium-enriched biological powder.

More specifically, the present invention provides a method for producing selenium-enriched biological powder, which comprises the following steps:

(1) 5-8 parts by weight of selenium-enriched yeast, 25-35 parts by weight of plant stalks, 4-6 parts by weight of fruits, 15-25 parts by weight of vegetables, 10-20 parts by weight of mulberry leaves and 20- 35 parts by weight of wheat bran are mixed and fermented at 25-45° C. for 15-30 days to obtain a fermented product;

(2) feeding grass fly larvae, Tenebrio molitor larvae or silkworm larvae with the fermentation product to obtain the first generation pupae;

(3) making the first-generation pupae emerge, drying and pulverizing the remaining pupal shells to obtain the first-generation selenium-enriched biological powder.

Preferably, the method for producing selenium-enriched biological powder also includes the following steps:

(4) In an amount accounting for 3-10% of the total weight of the laying hen feed, a part of the first-generation selenium-enriched biological powder obtained in step (3) is added to the laying hen basal feed for raising laying hens, and the described Eggs produced by laying hens are heated, dried, and crushed to obtain crushed eggs, and the crushed eggs are fed together with the fermentation product obtained in step (1) in an amount accounting for 3-10% of the total weight of larvae feed Feed grass fly larvae, Tenebrio molitor larvae or silkworm larvae to obtain second-generation pupae;

(5) making the second-generation pupae emerge, drying and pulverizing the remaining pupal shells to obtain the second-generation selenium-enriched biological powder.

In the method described above, after adding a part of the first-generation selenium-enriched biological powder into the basal feed for laying hens for feeding laying hens for 15 days, the selenium content of the eggs laid by the laying hens has reached a steady state.

The first-generation selenium-enriched biological meal produced by the method of the present invention contains 8000-11000 mg/kg of selenium, and the second-generation selenium-enriched biological meal contains 11000-15000 mg/kg of selenium, and they can be mixed into poultry and livestock feed as selenium supplement additives In order to improve the immune function of poultry and livestock, improve the antioxidant capacity of the body, and the meat and eggs of poultry fed with feed containing selenium-enriched biological powder have higher selenium content.

In addition, the selenium-enriched biological powder can also be added to food, nutritional products and anti-cancer products for human consumption after disinfection, so as to enhance human immunity, block tumor angiogenesis, and prevent tumor recurrence and metastasis.

The method of the present invention has the following advantages:

1. Use biotransformation technology to produce high-quality selenium-enriched biological powder.

2. The raw materials used are plant raw materials, and the whole production process meets the requirements of green, safe and environmentally friendly food production.

detailed description

The following examples will further explain the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these examples, and these examples do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Changes and adjustments made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims should also be considered to belong to the scope of the present invention.

definition

The term "selenium-enriched yeast" as used herein refers to a yeast strain produced by adding selenium to the medium during the process of cultivating yeast to organically combine selenium with proteins and polysaccharides in the yeast. biological activity. The "selenium-enriched yeast" can be purchased from the market.

The term "plant straw" as used herein refers to the stems and leaves (ears) of mature crops, including wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, rapeseed, cotton, sugar cane and other crops (usually coarse grains) that remain after harvesting the seeds. part. The plant stalks used in the embodiments of the present invention have been properly pulverized.

The term "fruit" used herein refers to edible plant fruit or other organs, including: (1) berries, such as strawberries, blueberries, blackberries, mulberries, raspberries, grapes, green grapes, red grapes, crystal grapes, (2) citrus, such as tangerine, sugar orange, kumquat, tangerine, sweet orange, navel orange, grapefruit, pomelo, grapefruit, lemon, pomelo, lime; (3) drupe fruit, such as peach, Plums, cherries, apricots, plums, bayberry, prune, black plum, jujube, sand date, palm date, candied date, olive, lychee, longan, betel nut; (4) pome fruits, such as apple, pear, snake fruit, crabapple (5) melons, such as watermelon, melon, muskmelon, muskmelon, Yellow River honey, cantaloupe, papaya, milk melon; (6) others, such as pineapple, mango, chestnut, coconut, kiwi, guava, durian, banana, sugar cane, lily, lotus seed, pomegranate, walnut, jujube. The fruit used in the examples of the present invention was suitably chopped.

The term "vegetable" used herein refers to plants that can be cooked and cooked to become food, including: (1) Cruciferous, such as radish, turnip, cabbage (including Chinese cabbage, cabbage subspecies), cabbage (including knot cabbage, kohlrabi, cauliflower, broccoli and other varieties), mustard greens (including root mustard, xuelihong varieties), etc.; (2) Umbelliferae, such as celery, carrots, fennel, coriander, etc.; (3) nightshade (4) Cucurbitaceae, such as cucumber, zucchini, pumpkin, winter squash, wax gourd, loofah, gourd, bitter gourd, chayote, watermelon, melon, etc.; (5) ) Fabaceae, such as kidney bean (including dwarf bean and vine bean varieties), cowpea, pea, broad bean, edamame (soybean), lentil, sword bean, etc.; (6) Liliaceae, such as leek, green onion, onion, garlic, Leek, day lily (ie day lily), philodendron (asparagus), lily, etc.; (7) Asteraceae, such as lettuce (including head lettuce, ruffled leaf lettuce varieties), lettuce, chrysanthemum chrysanthemum, burdock, Jerusalem artichoke, artichoke etc.; (8) Chenopodiaceae, such as spinach, beet (including root beet, leaf beet variants), etc. The vegetables used in the examples of the present invention were properly chopped.

The term "mulberry leaf" used herein refers to the leaves of Moraceae plant mulberry (Latin scientific name: Morus alba L.), the complete leaves are oval, wide ovate, heart-shaped, etc., the tip of the blade is slightly pointed, and the base of the leaf is round Or lightly heart-shaped with serrated edges.

The term "wheat bran" as used herein refers to the seed coat of wheat that is sieved after grinding for flour, and is rich in cellulose and vitamins.

The term "herbivorous fly" used herein refers to a domesticated grass-eating fly (Muscadomestica), which can be obtained by the method described in Chinese invention patent application 200310101991.4. For the breeding technology of herbivorous flies, you can also refer to "Exquisite Explanation and Examples of High-Efficiency Breeding Techniques for Fly Maggots" edited by Lang Yueshen and Ji Jingmin, Machinery Industry Press, published in January 2014; Answer", Chemical Industry Press, published in August 2014.

The term "Tenebrio molitor" used in this article is also called mealworm, and its scientific name in Latin is Tenebriomolitor. (Tenebrio). The breeding technology of Tenebrio molitor can refer to "Efficient Breeding, Processing and Utilization of Tenebrio molitor" edited by Liu Yusheng and Xu Xiaoyan, published in August 2014 by Chemical Industry Press.

The term "silkworm" used herein refers to the silkworm, whose Latin scientific name is Bombyx mori, which belongs to the class Insecta, Lepidoptera, Bombycidae, Bombyx mori in insect taxonomy. ). The term "silkworm larvae" used in this article refers to silkworms that have not yet hatched from silkworm eggs. Their bodies are extremely small and have many fine hairs. The breeding technology of silkworms can refer to "Practical New Technology for Labor-saving and Efficient Silkworm Production" edited by Wang Yanwen, Cui Weizheng and Wang Hongli, China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, published in August 2014.

The term "eclosion" as used herein refers to the process by which adults of grassflies, Tenebrio molitors or silkworms emerge from the pupal shell.

Embodiment 1. produce the first generation selenium-enriched biological flour

(1) 8kg of selenium-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae (selenium content 1000mg/kg), 35kg of wheat straw, 4kg of peaches, 15kg of Chinese cabbage, 10kg of mulberry leaves and 28kg of wheat bran were mixed and fermented at 45°C for 15 days, obtain fermentation products;

(2) feeding the grass fly larvae with the fermentation product to obtain the first generation pupae;

(3) making the first-generation pupae emerge, drying and pulverizing the remaining pupal shells to obtain the first-generation selenium-enriched biological powder.

Embodiment 2. produce the first generation selenium-enriched biological flour

(1) Mix 5kg of selenium-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae (selenium content 1000mg/kg), 25kg of rice straw, 6kg of apples, 25kg of celery, 20kg of mulberry leaves and 25kg of wheat bran, and ferment at 25°C for 30 days to obtain fermentation products;

(2) feeding Tenebrio molitor larvae with the fermentation product to obtain the first generation pupa;

(3) making the first-generation pupae emerge, drying and pulverizing the remaining pupal shells to obtain the first-generation selenium-enriched biological powder.

Embodiment 3. produce the first generation selenium-enriched biological flour

(1) Mix 6kg of selenium-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae (selenium content 1000mg/kg), 30kg of corn stalks, 5kg of grapes, 20kg of zucchini, 15kg of mulberry leaves and 20kg of wheat bran, and ferment at 30°C for 25 days to obtain fermentation products;

(2) feeding the silkworm larvae with the fermentation product to obtain the first generation pupae;

(3) making the first-generation pupae emerge, drying and pulverizing the remaining pupal shells to obtain the first-generation selenium-enriched biological powder.

Embodiment 4. produce the second generation selenium-enriched biological meal

(1) to (3) are respectively identical with the steps (1) to (3) of embodiment 1;

(4) In an amount accounting for 10% of the total weight of the feed for laying hens, a part of the first-generation selenium-enriched biological powder obtained in step (3) was added to the basal feed for laying hens for raising laying hens, and after 15 days, the described Eggs produced by laying hens are heated, dried, and crushed to obtain crushed eggs, and the crushed eggs are combined with the fermented product obtained in step (1) in an amount accounting for 3% of the total weight of the feed for larvae Feed the grass fly larvae to obtain the second generation pupae;

(5) making the second-generation pupae emerge, drying and pulverizing the remaining pupal shells to obtain the second-generation selenium-enriched biological powder.

Embodiment 5. produce the second generation selenium-enriched biological meal

(1) to (3) are respectively identical with the steps (1) to (3) of embodiment 2;

(4) In an amount accounting for 6% of the total weight of the feed for laying hens, a part of the first-generation selenium-enriched biological powder obtained in step (3) was added to the basal feed for laying hens for raising laying hens, and after 15 days, the described Eggs produced by laying hens are heated, dried, and crushed to obtain crushed eggs, and the crushed eggs are combined with the fermented product obtained in step (1) in an amount accounting for 6% of the total weight of larval feed Feed Tenebrio molitor larvae to get the second generation pupae;

(5) making the second-generation pupae emerge, drying and pulverizing the remaining pupal shells to obtain the second-generation selenium-enriched biological powder.

Embodiment 6. produce the second generation selenium-enriched biological powder

(1) to (3) are respectively identical with the steps (1) to (3) of embodiment 3;

(4) In an amount accounting for 3% of the total weight of the laying hen feed, a part of the first-generation selenium-enriched biological powder obtained in step (3) was added to the laying hen basal feed for raising laying hens, and after 15 days, the described Eggs produced by laying hens are heated, dried, and crushed to obtain crushed eggs, and the crushed eggs are combined with the fermented product obtained in step (1) in an amount accounting for 10% of the total weight of the feed for larvae Feed the silkworm larvae to get the second generation pupae;

(5) making the second-generation pupae emerge, drying and pulverizing the remaining pupal shells to obtain the second-generation selenium-enriched biological powder.

Embodiment 7. measure the selenium content in the selenium-enriched biological powder

The Comprehensive Testing Center of China Academy of Inspection and Quarantine uses the hydride atomic fluorescence spectrometry specified in GB/T 13883-2008 to measure the first-generation selenium-enriched biological powder produced in Examples 1-3 and the first-generation selenium-enriched biological powder produced in Examples 4-6. The results of the selenium content in the second-generation selenium-enriched biological powder are shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Selenium content in selenium-enriched biological meal

Embodiment 8. feed laying hens with the selenium-enriched biological powder that embodiment 3 produces

120 healthy laying hens reared in the same batch were divided into four groups, 30 in each group. Three groups were used as the test group, and one group was used as the control group.

test group:

The selenium-enriched biological meal produced in Example 3 was mixed into the basal feed of the three groups of laying hens in amounts of 3%, 6% and 10% of the total weight of the feed for laying hens respectively. After the laying hens were adapted to feeding for 15 days, the eggs produced by three groups of laying hens were collected respectively in the next 15 days and the production date was recorded. Every day, 3 eggs were taken for measuring the selenium content in each group, and the average value was taken as Today's measurement results.

After the 15-day egg collection period, one chicken from each group was slaughtered, and the chicken thigh meat from the same part was used to determine the selenium content, and the remaining chicken meat was evaluated for eating taste after being cooked separately.

Control group:

For the 30 laying hens in the control group, they were fed with the basic feed used in the test group, and the other feeding processes were the same as those of the test group. After the laying hen was adapted to feeding for 15 days, the eggs produced in the next 15 days were collected and the production date was recorded, and 3 eggs were taken every day for measuring the selenium content, and the average value was taken as the measurement result of the day.

After the 15-day egg collection period ended, a chicken was slaughtered, and the chicken leg meat from the same part as the test group was used to determine the selenium content, and the remaining chicken meat was evaluated for eating taste after being cooked separately.

The basal feed used in all embodiments of the present invention and the examples is a self-prepared feed, and every kilogram of basal feed contains 0.57 kg of corn, 0.22 kg of soybean meal, 0.02 kg of wheat bran, 0.14 kg of walnut cake, 0.05 kg of premixed chicken feed ( purchased from Chia Tai Company).

Determination of selenium content:

The determination method adopts the hydride atomic fluorescence spectrometry specified in the national food safety standard GB 5009.93-2010.

The daily measurement results of each test group and control group were averaged as their respective final results.

result:

Compared with the control group, the eggs produced by the chickens in the test group and the chicken meat obtained after slaughter all had higher selenium content, as shown in Table 2.

Table 2. Selenium content of eggs and chicken

It can be seen from the comparison that the selenium content of the eggs of the test group is 1.6-2.3 times that of the eggs of the control group, and the selenium content of the chicken of the test group is 2.7-3.9 times of the chicken selenium content of the control group.

In addition, the chicken meat obtained after slaughtering the chickens in the test group was tender and full of fragrance. The taste of the chicken obtained after slaughtering the chickens of the control group was not good.

Claims (4)

1. the method producing Se-enriched bio powder, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:

(1) yeast rich in selenium, straw, water fruits and vegetables, Folium Mori and Testa Tritici are mixed, fermentation, Obtain tunning；

(2) feed food grass fly larva, Yellow meal worm larva or silkworm larva with described tunning, obtain First generation pupa；

(3) making described first generation pupa sprout wings, the puparium that will be left behind is dried, is pulverized, and obtains the first generation rich Selenium biology powder.

Method the most according to claim 1, described method is further comprising the steps of:

(4) first generation Se-enriched bio powder described in part step (3) obtained adds laying hen basis Being used in feedstuff raising laying hen, the egg produced by described laying hen heats, dries, pulverizes, and obtains egg Ground product, feeds food grass together with the described tunning obtained with step (1) that minced by described egg powder Fly larva, Yellow meal worm larva or silkworm larva, obtain second filial generation pupa；

(5) making described second filial generation pupa sprout wings, the puparium that will be left behind is dried, is pulverized, and obtains the second filial generation rich Selenium biology powder.

3. the method producing Se-enriched bio powder, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:

(1) by the yeast rich in selenium of 5-8 weight portion, the straw of 25-35 weight portion, 4-6 weight portion Fruit, the vegetable of 15-25 weight portion, the Folium Mori of 10-20 weight portion and the Testa Tritici of 20-35 weight portion Mixing, ferments 15-30 days at 25-45 DEG C, obtains tunning；

(2) feed food grass fly larva, Yellow meal worm larva or silkworm larva with described tunning, obtain First generation pupa；

(3) making described first generation pupa sprout wings, the puparium that will be left behind is dried, is pulverized, and obtains the first generation rich Selenium biology powder.

Method the most according to claim 3, described method is further comprising the steps of:

(4) to account for the amount of the 3-10% of egg feedstuff gross weight, the part that step (3) is obtained Described first generation Se-enriched bio powder addition laying hen normal feedstuff is used for raising laying hen, by described laying hen institute The egg produced heats, dries, pulverizes, and obtains egg powder and minces, to account for the 3-10% of larvae feeds gross weight Amount described egg powder minced feed food grass fly children together with the described tunning obtained with step (1) Worm, Yellow meal worm larva or silkworm larva, obtain second filial generation pupa；

(5) making described second filial generation pupa sprout wings, the puparium that will be left behind is dried, is pulverized, and obtains the second filial generation rich Selenium biology powder.