CN105815351A - Botanical insecticide containing neem extract and preparation method of botanical insecticide - Google Patents
Botanical insecticide containing neem extract and preparation method of botanical insecticide Download PDFInfo
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- CN105815351A CN105815351A CN201610276053.5A CN201610276053A CN105815351A CN 105815351 A CN105815351 A CN 105815351A CN 201610276053 A CN201610276053 A CN 201610276053A CN 105815351 A CN105815351 A CN 105815351A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/50—1,3-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/44—Poaceae or Gramineae [Grass family], e.g. bamboo, lemon grass or citronella grass
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Abstract
The invention provides a botanical insecticide containing a neem extract. The botanical insecticide is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of pyriproxyfen, 12-22 parts of an emulsifier, 40-50 parts of an organic solvent, 8-18 parts of a complex solubilizer, 2-12 parts of a bamboo leaf extract, 1-3 parts of imazalil, 1-3 parts of a Chinese torreya extract, 2-4 parts of washing water of rice and 2-4 parts of the neem extract. The invention further provides a preparation method of the botanical insecticide containing the neem extract. The prepared botanical insecticide has a good plant insect pest prevention and treatment effect, and is capable of promoting plant seedling growth and reducing the morbidity of the plants.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to insecticide preparing technical field, be specifically related to a kind of plant insecticide containing neem extract and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, in view of chemical pesticide shortcoming inherently and people abuse for a long time, cause environmental pollution, destroy the ecological balance of nature, serious harm health.Countries in the world are advocated " environment friendly agricultural " the most energetically, thus with standard, the quality of pesticide is proposed tightened up requirement: must have the features such as selectivity is good, be compatible with the environment, nuisanceless, the mechanism of action is unique.To this end, research and Producer the most chemically pesticide and chemical prevention itself go to inquire into, transformed and perfect so that it is overcome drawback;On the other hand re-recognize and study native insecticidal material, pay much attention to the exploitation of biological pesticide, and place on great expectations.1992, world environments was pointed out with development conference resolution: within 2000, to set up control chemical pesticide in the world and sell and employment mechanism, biological pesticide volume of production to reach 60%.China is a large agricultural country, and diseases and pests of agronomic crop is extremely serious.According in recent years adding up, the long-term occurring area of China's diseases and pests of agronomic crop about 30 35 hundred million mu, lose about 150 200 hundred million kilograms of grain, Cotton Gossypii about 600 700 hundred million is carried on a shoulder pole.Annual China is up to more than 220,000 tons (calculating by effective ingredient) for the pesticide of prevention and elimination of disease and pests.Therefore, biological pesticide is developed in China significant.
Azadirachta Indica A. is the title of a kind of fast-growing deciduous tree, and seed and bark all can be used as medicine.Azadirachta Indica A. is the preferable pesticide plant generally acknowledged in the world in 2013.Nimbin is a kind of biological insecticides extracted from Azadirachta Indica A. seeds, more than 200 kind of agriculture, woods, storage and indoor sanitary insect pest can be prevented and treated, be universally acknowledged wide spectrum, efficiently, low toxicity, the insecticide that degradable, residual quantity is low and Drug resistance low, indoor Cimex bedbug flea is had repelling and killing efficacy.
Botanical pesticide, also known as botanical pesticide.Utilize the pesticide of plant resource explorations.Botanical pesticide includes the active component extracted from plant, plant itself and the compound synthesized by active structure and derivant.Classification has phytotoxin, plant endogenous hormones, botanical insect hormone, anti-feedant, attractant, repellant, chemosterilant, synergist, plant defense element, allelopathic substances etc..
At present, existing plant insecticide is similar to Chinese medicine, comes compared with chemical pesticide, takes effect slow, and the lasting period is short, and prevention effect is general, such as:
The prevention effects such as 1, existing plant insecticide is chrysomelid to plant common insect pests, Limacodidae, aphid, leafhopper are undesirable, effective only for one or two kind of plant common insect pests, little to other plant insect insect killing effect;
2, existing plant insecticide only has disinsection efficiency, and plant seedling growth but creates inhibitory action, causes plant seedling growth speed the slowest;
Though 3, insect is killed by existing plant insecticide, but can not control the sickness rate of plant, various plants are carrying out after insecticide kills insect, and sickness rate still remains high.
In summary, prior art there will naturally be inconvenience and defect in actual use, it is therefore necessary to improved.
Summary of the invention
For solving technical problem present in prior art, the present invention provides a kind of plant insecticide containing neem extract and preparation method thereof, to realize following goal of the invention:
1, the plant insecticide preventing and treating plant insect effect that prepared by the present invention is good;
2, plant insecticide prepared by the present invention can also promote plant seedling growth;
3, plant insecticide prepared by the present invention can also reduce the sickness rate of plant while preventing and treating plant pest, promotion plant seedling growth.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:
A kind of plant insecticide containing neem extract, described plant insecticide includes following components:
Nylar, emulsifying agent, organic solvent, cosolvent, Folium Bambosae extract, imazalil, Semen Torreyae extractum, washing water of rice, neem extract.
The following is and the further of technique scheme is improved:
The component of described plant insecticide, in parts by weight, content is:
Nylar 35~45 parts, emulsifying agent 12~22 parts, organic solvent 40~50 parts, cosolvent 8~18 parts, Folium Bambosae extract 2~12 parts, imazalil 1~3 parts, Semen Torreyae extractum 1~3 parts, washing water of rice 2~4 parts, neem extract 2~4 parts.
The component of described plant insecticide, in parts by weight, content is:
Nylar 40 parts, emulsifying agent 17 parts, organic solvent 45 parts, cosolvent 13 parts, Folium Bambosae extract 7 parts, imazalil 2 parts, Semen Torreyae extractum 2 parts, washing water of rice 3 parts, neem extract 3 parts.
Described organic solvent be density be the dimethylbenzene of 0.87g/cm3.
Described emulsifying agent is xenol polyoxyethylene ether.
Described cosolvent is ethanol.
Described Folium Bambosae extract includes: Folium Bambosae flavone, and the content of described Folium Bambosae flavone is 46%.
Described neem extract includes: nimbin, and the content of described nimbin is 30%.
The preparation method of a kind of plant insecticide containing neem extract, comprises the following steps:
(1) the weight ratio raw material of above-described embodiment 1~3 is taken;
(2) first Nylar is put into the drying room of band water leg, and the temperature controlling water jacket is 60 DEG C ~ 65 DEG C, and Nylar is dissolved into liquid;
(3) adding density is the dimethylbenzene of 0.87g/cm3, ethanol, stirs 60 minutes ~ 90 minutes;
(4) it is eventually adding xenol polyoxyethylene ether, Folium Bambosae extract, imazalil, Semen Torreyae extractum, washing water of rice, neem extract, stirs 15 minutes;
(5) plant insecticide of the present invention is i.e. obtained.
The extracting method of described Folium Bambosae extract comprises the following steps:
(1) with fresh Folium Bambusae as raw material, air-drying after cleaning, be placed in pulverizer pulverizing, the water adding 15 times of Folium Bambusae weight is heated at 100 DEG C decocting 28min, vacuum filtration, obtains Folium Bambusae filtrate A and filtering residue, standby;
(2) water that the filtering residue in step (1) adds 3 times of Folium Bambusae weight again is heated at 100 DEG C decocting 17min, again vacuum filtration, obtains Folium Bambusae liquor B, merges Folium Bambusae filtrate A and Folium Bambusae liquor B obtains Folium Bambusae liquor C, standby;
(3) rotary distillation that Folium Bambusae liquor C reduced pressure in the vacuum film device of 65 DEG C is concentrated into the 1/2 of original volume, and the concentrated solution spray drying instrument obtained makes dry powder, sterilizing, obtains Folium Bambosae extract.
The extracting method of described neem extract comprises the following steps:
(1) neem seed is peelled off kind of a shell, obtain neem kernel, neem kernel and sodium abietate are joined in deionized water, obtain and extract system, wherein remove the peel neem kernel, sodium abietate, the weight ratio of deionized water are 10~12:1~3:40;
(2) after the preextraction system obtained in step (1) being heated to 95 DEG C, using soy bean milk making machine to going neem kernel to carry out high speed blade cutting stirring pulverizing, cutting stir speed (S.S.) is 5000 revs/min, extracts nimbin 60 minutes;
(3) after extraction terminates, system being cooled to 30 DEG C, and the hexamethylene adding 1.5 times of volumes of deionized water is sufficiently stirred for 30 minutes, after standing 20 minutes, layering obtains aqueous phase and oil phase;
(4) aqueous phase obtained in step (3) adds isopyknic normal hexane mix and blend 60 minutes~90 minutes, be precipitated thing, precipitate is filtered out and is dried 30 minutes, obtain nimbin extract.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the benefit that
1, the plant insecticide preventing and treating plant insect effect that prepared by the present invention is good, after dispenser 30 days, to plant common insect pests: chrysomelid, Limacodidae, aphid, the prevention effect of leafhopper respectively reach 97.8~99.4%, 98.2~99.6%, 97.3~99.1%, 98.0~99.2%;
2, plant insecticide prepared by the present invention can also promote plant seedling growth, after dispenser 30 days, the speed of growth of wheat seedling, soybean seedling, peanut seedling, Folium Allii tuberosi seedling improves 30~50%, 32~48%, 30~52%, 35~20%;
3, plant insecticide prepared by the present invention can also reduce the sickness rate of plant while preventing and treating plant pest, promotion plant seedling growth, after dispenser 30 days, Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen sojae atricolor, Semen arachidis hypogaeae, the sickness rate of Folium Allii tuberosi are controlled 1.8~6%, 2.0~5.3%, 1.2~5.0%, 1.0~4.5%.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of specific embodiment, the present invention is described, but the present invention is not merely defined in these embodiments.
The embodiment 1 one kinds plant insecticide containing neem extract
The described plant insecticide containing neem extract includes the component of following weight portion:
Nylar 35 parts, emulsifying agent 12 parts, organic solvent 40 parts, cosolvent 8 parts, Folium Bambosae extract 2 parts, imazalil 1 part, Semen Torreyae extractum 1 part, washing water of rice 2 parts, neem extract 2 parts;
Described organic solvent be density be the dimethylbenzene of 0.87g/cm3;
Described emulsifying agent is xenol polyoxyethylene ether;
Described cosolvent is ethanol;
Described Folium Bambosae extract includes: Folium Bambosae flavone;The content of described Folium Bambosae flavone is 46%;
Described neem extract includes: nimbin;The content of described nimbin is 30%.
The embodiment 2 one kinds plant insecticide containing neem extract
The described plant insecticide containing neem extract includes the component of following weight portion:
Nylar 40 parts, emulsifying agent 17 parts, organic solvent 45 parts, cosolvent 13 parts, Folium Bambosae extract 7 parts, imazalil 2 parts, Semen Torreyae extractum 2 parts, washing water of rice 3 parts, neem extract 3 parts;
Described organic solvent be density be the dimethylbenzene of 0.87g/cm3;
Described emulsifying agent is xenol polyoxyethylene ether;
Described cosolvent is ethanol;
Described Folium Bambosae extract includes: Folium Bambosae flavone;The content of described Folium Bambosae flavone is 46%;
Described neem extract includes: nimbin;The content of described nimbin is 30%.
The embodiment 3 one kinds plant insecticide containing neem extract
The described plant insecticide containing neem extract includes the component of following weight portion:
Nylar 45 parts, emulsifying agent 22 parts, organic solvent 50 parts, cosolvent 18 parts, Folium Bambosae extract 12 parts, imazalil 3 parts, Semen Torreyae extractum 3 parts, washing water of rice 4 parts, neem extract 4 parts;
Described organic solvent be density be the dimethylbenzene of 0.87g/cm3;
Described emulsifying agent is xenol polyoxyethylene ether;
Described cosolvent is ethanol;
Described Folium Bambosae extract includes: Folium Bambosae flavone;The content of described Folium Bambosae flavone is 46%;
Described neem extract includes: nimbin;The content of described nimbin is 30%.
The preparation method of the embodiment 4 one kinds plant insecticide containing neem extract
The preparation method of a kind of plant insecticide containing neem extract comprises the following steps:
(1) the weight ratio raw material of above-described embodiment 1~3 is taken;
(2) first Nylar is put into the drying room of band water leg, and the temperature controlling water jacket is 60 DEG C ~ 65 DEG C, and Nylar is dissolved into liquid;
(3) adding density is the dimethylbenzene of 0.87g/cm3, ethanol, stirs 60 minutes ~ 90 minutes;
(4) it is eventually adding xenol polyoxyethylene ether, Folium Bambosae extract, imazalil, Semen Torreyae extractum, washing water of rice, neem extract, stirs 15 minutes;
(5) plant insecticide of the present invention is i.e. obtained.
The extracting method of described Folium Bambosae extract comprises the following steps:
(1) with fresh Folium Bambusae as raw material, air-drying after cleaning, be placed in pulverizer pulverizing, the water adding 15 times of Folium Bambusae weight is heated at 100 DEG C decocting 28min, vacuum filtration, obtains Folium Bambusae filtrate A and filtering residue, standby;
(2) water that the filtering residue in step (1) adds 3 times of Folium Bambusae weight again is heated at 100 DEG C decocting 17min, again vacuum filtration, obtains Folium Bambusae liquor B, merges Folium Bambusae filtrate A and Folium Bambusae liquor B obtains Folium Bambusae liquor C, standby;
(3) rotary distillation that Folium Bambusae liquor C reduced pressure in the vacuum film device of 65 DEG C is concentrated into the 1/2 of original volume, and the concentrated solution spray drying instrument obtained makes dry powder, sterilizing, obtains Folium Bambosae extract.
The extracting method of described neem extract comprises the following steps:
(1) neem seed is peelled off kind of a shell, obtain neem kernel, neem kernel and sodium abietate are joined in deionized water, obtain and extract system, wherein remove the peel neem kernel, sodium abietate, the weight ratio of deionized water are 10~12:1~3:40;
(2) after the preextraction system obtained in step (1) being heated to 95 DEG C, using soy bean milk making machine to going neem kernel to carry out high speed blade cutting stirring pulverizing, cutting stir speed (S.S.) is 5000 revs/min, extracts nimbin 60 minutes;
(3) after extraction terminates, system being cooled to 30 DEG C, and the hexamethylene adding 1.5 times of volumes of deionized water is sufficiently stirred for 30 minutes, after standing 20 minutes, layering obtains aqueous phase and oil phase;
(4) aqueous phase obtained in step (3) adds isopyknic normal hexane mix and blend 60 minutes~90 minutes, be precipitated thing, precipitate is filtered out and is dried 30 minutes, obtain nimbin extract.
Percent in above-described embodiment, in addition to specified otherwise, for mass percent.
Result detects:
(1) the plant insecticide preventing and treating plant insect effect that prepared by the present invention is good, after dispenser 30 days, to plant common insect pests: chrysomelid, Limacodidae, aphid, the prevention effect of leafhopper respectively reach 97.8~99.4%, 98.2~99.6%, 97.3~99.1%, 98.0~99.2%, and specific targets are shown in Table 1;
Plant insecticide prepared by table 1 present invention prevention effect to plant pest
Other plant insect is tested by the present invention, lists the most one by one in the present invention.
(2) plant insecticide prepared by the present invention can also promote plant seedling growth, after dispenser 30 days, speed of growth raising 30~50%, 32~48%, 30~52%, 35~20% to wheat seedling, soybean seedling, peanut seedling, Folium Allii tuberosi seedling, specific targets are shown in Table 2;
Plant insecticide prepared by table 2 present invention is to plant seedling growth increase rate
Other plant growth of seedling speed increase rate is tested by the present invention, lists the most one by one in the present invention.
(3) plant insecticide prepared by the present invention can also reduce the sickness rate of plant while preventing and treating plant pest, promotion plant seedling growth, after dispenser 30 days, controlling Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen sojae atricolor, Semen arachidis hypogaeae, the sickness rate of Folium Allii tuberosi 1.8~6%, 2.0~5.3%, 1.2~5.0%, 1.0~4.5%, specific targets are shown in Table 3;
Plant insecticide prepared by table 3 present invention controls plant sickness rate
Comparison: do not use plant insecticide of the present invention, replaces plant insecticide to spray with clear water.
Other plant sickness rate is tested by the present invention, lists the most one by one in the present invention.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not limited to the present invention, although the present invention being described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, for a person skilled in the art, technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments still can be modified by it, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent.All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the plant insecticide containing neem extract, it is characterised in that: described plant insecticide includes following components:
Nylar, emulsifying agent, organic solvent, cosolvent, Folium Bambosae extract, imazalil, Semen Torreyae extractum, washing water of rice, neem extract.
A kind of plant insecticide containing neem extract the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the component of described plant insecticide, in parts by weight, content is:
Nylar 35~45 parts, emulsifying agent 12~22 parts, organic solvent 40~50 parts, cosolvent 8~18 parts, Folium Bambosae extract 2~12 parts, imazalil 1~3 parts, Semen Torreyae extractum 1~3 parts, washing water of rice 2~4 parts, neem extract 2~4 parts.
A kind of plant insecticide containing neem extract the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the component of described plant insecticide, in parts by weight, content is:
Nylar 40 parts, emulsifying agent 17 parts, organic solvent 45 parts, cosolvent 13 parts, Folium Bambosae extract 7 parts, imazalil 2 parts, Semen Torreyae extractum 2 parts, washing water of rice 3 parts, neem extract 3 parts.
A kind of plant insecticide containing neem extract the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described organic solvent be density be the dimethylbenzene of 0.87g/cm3.
A kind of plant insecticide containing neem extract the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described emulsifying agent is xenol polyoxyethylene ether.
A kind of plant insecticide containing neem extract the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described cosolvent is ethanol.
A kind of plant insecticide containing neem extract the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described Folium Bambosae extract includes: Folium Bambosae flavone, and the content of described Folium Bambosae flavone is 46%;
Described neem extract includes: nimbin, and the content of described nimbin is 30%.
8. the preparation method of the plant insecticide containing neem extract, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) the weight ratio raw material of above-described embodiment 1~3 is taken;
(2) first Nylar is put into the drying room of band water leg, and the temperature controlling water jacket is 60 DEG C ~ 65 DEG C, and Nylar is dissolved into liquid;
(3) adding density is the dimethylbenzene of 0.87g/cm3, ethanol, stirs 60 minutes ~ 90 minutes;
(4) it is eventually adding xenol polyoxyethylene ether, Folium Bambosae extract, imazalil, Semen Torreyae extractum, washing water of rice, neem extract, stirs 15 minutes;
(5) plant insecticide of the present invention is i.e. obtained.
The preparation method of a kind of plant insecticide containing neem extract the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:
The extracting method of described Folium Bambosae extract comprises the following steps:
(1) with fresh Folium Bambusae as raw material, air-drying after cleaning, be placed in pulverizer pulverizing, the water adding 15 times of Folium Bambusae weight is heated at 100 DEG C decocting 28min, vacuum filtration, obtains Folium Bambusae filtrate A and filtering residue, standby;
(2) water that the filtering residue in step (1) adds 3 times of Folium Bambusae weight again is heated at 100 DEG C decocting 17min, again vacuum filtration, obtains Folium Bambusae liquor B, merges Folium Bambusae filtrate A and Folium Bambusae liquor B obtains Folium Bambusae liquor C, standby;
(3) rotary distillation that Folium Bambusae liquor C reduced pressure in the vacuum film device of 65 DEG C is concentrated into the 1/2 of original volume, and the concentrated solution spray drying instrument obtained makes dry powder, sterilizing, obtains Folium Bambosae extract.
The preparation method of a kind of plant insecticide containing neem extract the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:
The extracting method of described neem extract comprises the following steps:
(1) neem seed is peelled off kind of a shell, obtain neem kernel, neem kernel and sodium abietate are joined in deionized water, obtain and extract system, wherein remove the peel neem kernel, sodium abietate, the weight ratio of deionized water are 10~12:1~3:40;
(2) after the preextraction system obtained in step (1) being heated to 95 DEG C, using soy bean milk making machine to going neem kernel to carry out high speed blade cutting stirring pulverizing, cutting stir speed (S.S.) is 5000 revs/min, extracts nimbin 60 minutes;
(3) after extraction terminates, system being cooled to 30 DEG C, and the hexamethylene adding 1.5 times of volumes of deionized water is sufficiently stirred for 30 minutes, after standing 20 minutes, layering obtains aqueous phase and oil phase;
(4) aqueous phase obtained in step (3) adds isopyknic normal hexane mix and blend 60 minutes~90 minutes, be precipitated thing, precipitate is filtered out and is dried 30 minutes, obtain nimbin extract.
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CN106903766A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-06-30 | 东北林业大学 | A kind of plant base timber micro-capsule preservative, its preparation method |
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Application publication date: 20160803 |