CN105807138B - The detection method of Vehicular battery group dynamic insulation resistance - Google Patents
The detection method of Vehicular battery group dynamic insulation resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN105807138B CN105807138B CN201610137453.8A CN201610137453A CN105807138B CN 105807138 B CN105807138 B CN 105807138B CN 201610137453 A CN201610137453 A CN 201610137453A CN 105807138 B CN105807138 B CN 105807138B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/025—Measuring very high resistances, e.g. isolation resistances, i.e. megohm-meters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of detection methods of Vehicular battery group dynamic insulation resistance, including be electrically connected with battery electrode reference circuit, for the voltage in measuring basis circuit first survey volt circuit and second survey volt circuit, as the triode and control unit of switch element, wherein, reference circuit includes the charging end being sequentially connected in series, reference resistance, current-limiting resistance and high-voltage capacitance, and the high-voltage capacitance other end is electrically connected with the cathode of battery pack；The level signal of triode reception control unit, cut-off or conducting, to control the charge or discharge of reference circuit mesohigh capacitor；First survey volt circuit is connected electrically in the front end of reference resistance, feeds back to control unit for the front voltage of measuring basis resistance, and by front voltage；Second survey volt circuit is connected electrically in the rear end of reference resistance, for the rear end voltage of measuring basis resistance, and by rear end Voltage Feedback to control unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection methods of Vehicular battery group dynamic insulation electricity.
Background technique
The power of new-energy automobile is mainly provided by battery pack, relatively high based on the general voltage of battery pack, and battery pack
Electric current when charge and discharge is bigger.Therefore, during battery set charge/discharge, if the positive or negative pole of battery pack and vehicle body are sent out
Raw short circuit is easy to cause a hidden trouble to personal safety.Therefore, it is of great significance to the research of battery pack safety, works as battery
It when the positive or negative pole and vehicle body of group have short-circuit hidden danger, can be found, and made corresponding by insulation resistance detection in time
Processing, to reduce safety accident be of great significance.Currently, batteries of electric automobile group insulating resistor detecting circuit
Design is typically complex, and reaction speed is slow, and dynamic response is poor, and be easy to cause battery management system (BMS)
Damage.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of detection method of Vehicular battery group dynamic insulation resistance, with one in solving the above problems
It is a.
The detection method of Vehicular battery group dynamic insulation resistance, comprising the following steps:
S01, provide a reference circuit, reference circuit include the charging end being sequentially connected in series, reference resistance, current-limiting resistance and
High-voltage capacitance, the high-voltage capacitance other end are electrically connected with the cathode of battery pack；
S02, control charging end are to high-voltage capacitor charging, and the front voltage and reference resistance of real-time measurement reference resistance
The rear end R1 voltage V2, and obtain formula one: (V1-V2)/R1=(V2-Vc)/(R2+Rx)；
S03, control high-voltage capacitance back discharge, and the front voltage V1' and reference resistance of real-time measurement reference resistance
Rear end voltage V2', and obtain formula two: (V1'-V2')/R1=(V2'-Vc')/(R2+Rx)；
S04, the formula one that step S02 is obtained is subtracted into the formula two that step S03 is obtained, obtains three: Rx=Δ V2* of formula
R1/ (Δ V1- Δ V2)-R2, calculates the resistance value of insulation resistance Rx.
In this method, the resistance value of reference resistance and current-limiting resistance is it is known that the electric current of charging end passes sequentially through benchmark electricity
Resistance and current-limiting resistance are to high-voltage capacitor charging, at this point it is possible to the front voltage V1 of reference resistance is measured by the first survey volt circuit,
The rear end voltage V2 that reference resistance is measured by the second survey volt circuit, at this point it is possible to be obtained by Ohm's law: (V1-V2)/R1
=(V2-Vc)/(R2-Rx)；After the completion of high-voltage capacitor charging, it will back discharge, at this point, measuring reference resistance front voltage again
V1' and rear end voltage V2', then obtained by Ohm's law: (V1'-V2')/R1=(V2'-Vc')/(R2+Rx), herein, due to three
Pole pipe is very short by the time by the end of conducting, and the capacitance of reference resistance and high-voltage capacitance is larger, makes charging and discharging circuit
Time constant is much larger than triode by the time by the end of conducting, thus can consider Vc'=Vc.Above-mentioned two formula is subtracted each other can be with
It obtains: Rx=Δ V2*R1/ (Δ V1- Δ V2)-R2.
In some embodiments, reference circuit further includes that diode D1 and diode D2 are also wrapped before step S01
Include that short-circuit voltage when part or all of battery pack is short-circuited successively passes through diode D1, current-limiting resistance is filled to high-voltage capacitance
Electricity and high-voltage capacitance are successively discharged by current-limiting resistance, diode D2 to charging end after being charged by the short-circuit voltage of battery pack
The step of.
As a result, when on the anode of certain or battery pack that insulation resistance is serially connected in battery pack, the electricity of battery pack
Stream flows back to battery electrode followed by insulation resistance, diode D2, current-limiting resistance and high-voltage capacitance again, to form closure
Circuit, after high-voltage capacitance is fully charged, the electric current in circuit is zero, and the voltage of high-voltage capacitance is equal to total electricity of battery pack at this time
Pressure, therefore, high-voltage capacitance can play the role of for battery pack being isolated with vehicle body under normal circumstances, and can balance equivalent
Voltage between insulation resistance and the total negative terminal of battery pack makes between the anode of high-voltage capacitance and the ungrounded end of equivalent insulation resistance
Voltage is zero, prevents the voltage of battery pack itself from generating additional electric current, so that the numerical value of the insulation resistance calculated is more
It is accurate to add.In addition, when the fast quick-recovery of insulation resistance is normal, charge in high-voltage capacitance can be readily through diode D1 to filling
It is discharged in the BMS circuit at electric end.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be one embodiment of the invention mode battery pack under normal circumstances when dynamic insulation resistor detecting device connection
Circuit diagram；
Fig. 2 is the dynamic insulation resistance detection that insulation resistance occurs when on battery electrode in an embodiment of the present invention
Device circuit schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the circuit of the resistor detecting device of dynamic insulation of the insulation resistance generation among battery pack when some position
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is dynamic insulation resistor detecting device circuit diagram of insulation resistance generation when on battery anode.
Specific embodiment
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 schematically shows the battery pack dynamic insulation resistor detecting device of one embodiment of the present invention
Circuit theory.
As shown in Figure 1, battery pack under normal circumstances when dynamic insulation resistor detecting device circuit connection schematic diagram.It fills
Electric end Vcc, reference resistance R1, current-limiting resistance R2, high-voltage capacitance C and battery pack Vpack cathode be sequentially connected in series, form benchmark
Circuit 1.At this point, circuit is not constituted between battery pack Vpack and high-voltage capacitance C, voltage and battery pack on high-voltage capacitance C
Voltage between the total negative terminal of Vpack is zero, therefore, high-voltage capacitance C under normal circumstances (i.e. the anode of battery pack Vpack or
In the case that cathode is not short-circuited) it can play the role of for battery pack Vpack being isolated with vehicle body, prevent battery pack Vpack
Voltage be loaded directly on vehicle body, bring harm to the person.
It, can be in reference circuit 1 in order to preferably control the charge and discharge process of high-voltage capacitance C in conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4
The front end of reference resistance R1 be electrically connected triode Q as switch element, the base stage of triode Q passes through resistance R3 and control list
First A electrical connection, the emitter ground connection of triode Q, the collector of triode Q are attempted by the front end of reference resistance R1, at this time due to
The voltage of charging end Vcc can be divided to triode Q first, and the high pressure that triode Q will not be electrically charged end Vcc in order to prevent is hit
It wears, is concatenated between charging end Vcc and the collector of triode Q and draw high resistance R4, drawing high resistance R4 can fill in charging end Vcc
In electric process, by the voltage of charging end Vcc, so as to protect triode Q well.
When control unit A issue low level voltage signal to triode Q when, triode Q cut-off, charging end Vcc electric current according to
It is secondary flow through draw high resistance R4, reference resistance R1 and current-limiting resistance R2 give high-voltage capacitance C charging；When control unit A issues high electricity
When flat voltage signal is to triode Q, triode Q conducting, the electric current of high-voltage capacitance C flows through current-limiting resistance R2 and reference resistance R1
To triode Q, discharged over the ground by the emitter of triode Q.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, first, which surveys volt circuit 2, includes resistance R5, amplifier E1 and resistance R6, wherein resistance
One end of R5 is connected to the front end of reference resistance R1, the positive input terminal of the other end connection amplifier E1 of resistance R5, amplifier E1
Negative input end and the output end of amplifier E1 short circuit is connect by conducting wire, form voltage follower, the output end of amplifier E1
Be electrically connected by resistance R6 with control unit A, the front voltage signal V1 of reference resistance R1 by amplifier E1 carry out voltage with
Then, control unit A is fed back to；Second to survey volt circuit 3 include resistance R7, amplifier E2 and resistance R8, wherein resistance R7
One end is connected to the rear end of reference resistance R1, and the positive input terminal of the other end connection amplifier E2 of resistance R7, amplifier E2's is negative
Input terminal connect short circuit by conducting wire with the output end of amplifier E2, forms voltage follower, and the output end of amplifier E2 passes through
Resistance R7 is electrically connected with control unit A, after the rear terminal voltage signal V2 of reference resistance R1 carries out voltage follow by amplifier E2,
Feed back to control unit A.
In the present embodiment, control unit A is single-chip microcontroller, exports high electricity frequency or low electric frequency voltage by the pin 3 of single-chip microcontroller
Signal controls the on or off of triode Q to triode Q；The pin 1 of single-chip microcontroller, which is received, surveys the feedback of volt circuit 2 from first
Voltage signal, realize reference resistance R1 front voltage V1 acquisition；The pin 2 of single-chip microcontroller, which is received, surveys volt circuit 3 from second
Feedback voltage signal, realize the rear end reference resistance R1 voltage V2 acquisition.
As shown in Fig. 2, when short circuit occurs for the cathode of battery pack Vpack (between the cathode and vehicle body of battery pack Vpack
When insulation resistance Rx is not infinity), one end of insulation resistance Rx is electrically connected with high-voltage capacitance C, other end ground connection.At this point, high
Circuit is not constituted between piezoelectric battery group Vpack and high-voltage capacitance C, the voltage, the ungrounded end insulation resistance Rx on high-voltage capacitance C with
And the voltage between the total negative terminal of battery pack Vpack is zero, that is, high-voltage capacitance C and the ungrounded end equivalent insulation resistance Rx it
Between voltage be zero, to play the role of for battery pack Vpack being isolated with vehicle body, prevent the voltage of battery pack Vpack from directly adding
It is downloaded on vehicle body, brings harm to the person.
As shown in Fig. 2, control unit A exports low level to triode Q, triode Q ends at this time, the electricity of charging end Vcc
Stream flows through reference resistance R1, current-limiting resistance R2 and insulation resistance Rx and charges to high-voltage capacitance C, at this point, due to reference resistance R1
And the resistance value of current-limiting resistance R2 is it is known that can be measured by being connected electrically in the first survey volt circuit 2 of the front end reference resistance R1
The front voltage V1 of reference resistance R1, and the voltage signal of front voltage V1 is fed back into control unit A, and pass through electric connection
The second survey volt circuit 3 in the rear end reference resistance R1 measures the rear end voltage V2 of reference resistance R1, and V2 voltage signal is fed back
Give control unit A；Therefore, according to Ohm's law it can be concluded that following calculation formula one: (V1-V2)/R1=(V2-Vc)/(R2+
Rx), due in formula one Vc and Rx be unknown parameter, therefore, it is necessary to further by the discharge process of high-voltage capacitance C come
Calculated result out.
As shown in Fig. 2, control unit A exports high level to triode Q, when triode Q is connected, high-voltage capacitance C is reversely put
The charge of electricity, high-voltage capacitance C can be discharged by current-limiting resistance R2 and reference resistance R1 and by triode Q to low-voltage circuit
Charge, at this point, measuring the front voltage V1' and rear end electricity of R1 respectively using the first survey volt circuit 2 and the second survey volt circuit 3
V2' is pressed, according to Ohm's law it can be concluded that following calculation formula two: (V1'-V2')/R1=(V2'-Vc')/(R2+Rx), due to
High-voltage capacitance C can have bigger capacitance, and the resistance value of reference resistance R1 it is bigger (generally up to 200K Ω with
On), therefore, the charge and discharge electrical time constant of high-voltage capacitance C is bigger, can generally be up to 100 milliseconds to 5 seconds, therefore, can recognize
It is triode Q during of short duration by the end of conducting, the voltage at the both ends high-voltage capacitance C is held essentially constant, that is, in formula one
Vc be equal to formula two in Vc', i.e. Vc=Vc', formula one, which is subtracted formula two, as a result, can obtain three: Rx=Δ of formula
V2*R1/(ΔV1-ΔV2)-R2.Therefore, the resistance value of insulation resistance Rx can be calculated according to formula three.
As shown in figure 3, the circuit of the resistor detecting device of dynamic insulation when short circuit occurs for somewhere in battery pack Vpack
Schematic diagram.Diode D1 and diode D2 is accessed in reference circuit 1, diode D1 is concatenated in the same direction with diode D2
(i.e. diode D1 and diode D2 cathode towards identical), the cathode of diode D1 is electrically connected with charging end Vcc, diode D2
Plus earth, the anode of diode D1 and the cathode of diode D2 and the rear end for being connected in reference resistance R1.At this point, insulated electro
The part formation one that is short-circuited for hindering Rx, diode D2, current-limiting resistance R2, high-voltage capacitance C and battery pack Vpack is closed back
Road.
As shown in figure 3, since the voltage of battery pack Vpack is generally relatively high, even battery pack Vpack is only by portion
When dividing short circuit, the voltage for being short-circuited part is also much higher than the voltage of charging end Vcc, and therefore, in charging end, Vcc gives high-voltage capacitance C
Before charging is with the front voltage V1 of measuring basis resistance R1, the part that battery pack Vpack is short-circuited will be returned by the closure
(insulation resistance Rx, diode D2, current-limiting resistance R2, high-voltage capacitance C and battery pack Vpack are short-circuited part formation on road
Closed circuit) automatically charge to high-voltage capacitance C, so that the voltage Vc's and insulation resistance Rx at the both ends high-voltage capacitance C is non-
The voltage (less than the total voltage of battery pack Vpack) of ground terminal and battery pack Vpack cathode is basic in several time constants
Keep equal；After high-voltage capacitance C is fully charged, the electric current in circuit gradually becomes zero, and therefore, high-voltage capacitance C, which can be balanced, to be worked as
The voltage between insulation resistance Rx and the total negative terminal of battery pack Vpack is measured, keeps the anode of high-voltage capacitance C and equivalent insulation resistance Rx non-
Voltage between ground terminal is zero, prevents the voltage of battery pack Vpack itself from generating additional electric current, so that calculate
The numerical value of insulation resistance Rx is more accurate.
If in driving conditions, by of short duration destruction, i.e., absolutely the insulation resistance Rx of battery pack Vpack and vehicle body is only merely
Edge resistance Rx occur transience exception (i.e. insulation resistance Rx disappears with transience occur, then insulation resistance Rx restore just
Often), at this point, the voltage due to the both ends high-voltage capacitance C is higher than the voltage (voltage of charging end Vcc is generally 5V) of charging end Vcc,
Therefore, before charging end Vcc charges to high-voltage capacitance C with the front voltage V1 of measuring basis resistance R1, on high-voltage capacitance C
Charge can also be discharged readily through diode D1 into the circuit of charging end Vcc even if in the case where triode Q cut-off,
In favor of the normal measurement of insulation resistance Rx.The mode and insulated electro of detection insulation resistance Rx when battery pack Vpack is short-circuited
Rx is hindered there is a situation where the detection mode in battery pack Vpack cathode short circuit is identical, is repeated no more.
As shown in figure 4, the circuit theory of the resistor detecting device of the dynamic insulation for battery pack Vpack anode when short-circuit
Figure.Diode D1 and diode D2 is equally accessed in reference circuit 1, diode D1 is concatenated in the same direction with diode D2
(i.e. diode D1 and diode D2 cathode towards identical), the cathode of diode D1 is electrically connected with charging end Vcc, diode D2
Plus earth, the anode of diode D1 and the cathode of diode D2 and the rear end for being connected in reference resistance R1.At this point, insulated electro
It hinders Rx, diode D2, current-limiting resistance R2, high-voltage capacitance C and battery pack Vpack and forms a closed circuit.
As shown in figure 4, can generally be much higher than the electricity of charging end Vcc since the voltage of battery pack Vpack is generally relatively high
Pressure, therefore, before charging end Vcc charges to high-voltage capacitance C with the front voltage V1 of measuring basis resistance R1, battery pack
The positive electrode current of Vpack is followed by insulation resistance Rx, diode D2, current-limiting resistance R2 to high-voltage capacitance C, then from high-voltage capacitance
C flows back to the cathode of battery pack Vpack, charges so as to form closed circuit to high-voltage capacitance C, so that the electricity at the both ends high-voltage capacitance C
The voltage at the ungrounded end and battery pack Vpack cathode of pressing Vc and insulation resistance Rx keeps phase in several time constants substantially
Deng；After high-voltage capacitance C is fully charged, the electric current in circuit gradually becomes zero, at this point, the total voltage of battery pack Vpack is equal to height
The voltage of voltage capacitance C, therefore, high-voltage capacitance C can play between balance equivalent insulation resistance Rx and the total negative terminal of battery pack Vpack
Voltage, make the voltage zero between the anode of high-voltage capacitance C and the ungrounded end equivalent insulation resistance Rx, make battery pack Vpack
The voltage of itself cannot generate additional electric current, so that the numerical value of the insulation resistance Rx calculated is more accurate.
If in driving conditions, by of short duration destruction, i.e., absolutely the insulation resistance Rx of battery pack Vpack and vehicle body is only merely
Edge resistance Rx occur transience exception (i.e. insulation resistance Rx disappears with transience occur, then insulation resistance Rx restore just
Often), at this point, the voltage due to the both ends high-voltage capacitance C is higher than the voltage (voltage of charging end Vcc is generally 5V) of charging end Vcc,
Therefore, before charging end Vcc charges to high-voltage capacitance C with the front voltage V1 of measuring basis resistance R1, on high-voltage capacitance C
Charge can be discharged readily through diode D1 into the circuit of charging end Vcc in the case where triode Q ends, in favor of
The normal measurement of insulation resistance Rx.The mode and insulation resistance of detection insulation resistance Rx when battery pack Vpack anode is short-circuited
Rx is repeated no more there is a situation where the detection mode in battery pack Vpack cathode short circuit is identical.
Above-described is only some embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, not
Under the premise of being detached from the invention design, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection model of the invention
It encloses.
Claims (1)
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106383314A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-08 | 科力远混合动力技术有限公司 | Automobile power battery pack insulation detection circuit and detection judgment method |
| CN110221126B (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2021-07-16 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Insulation impedance detection system and detection method |
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| JP2015049216A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-16 | Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | Insulation resistance measurement device, insulation resistance measurement method and insulation monitor device |
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| US8766653B2 (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2014-07-01 | Automotive Research & Testing Center | Measuring device for measuring insulation resistance of an electric vehicle |
| CN103134992A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2013-06-05 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Insulation resistance estimation device and estimation method |
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